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The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has generated a spectacular rise in social media communication and an unprecedented avalanche of global conversation. This paper traces the emergence of the racist term "Chinese virus" used by the President of the United States, Donald Trump, on the Western social media platform Twitter and its reception and recontextualization on Chinese social media. Creative bilingual responses fusing English and Chinese resulted in a popular searchable meme "#[foreign characters omitted]#" ("#Chinglish used for cross-cultural communication#"), on Weibo, a Chinese social media platform. Such linguistic creativity involves a variation of swears to mock and condemn the racist phrase. Formally, linguistic practices such as self-coinage, transliteration, verbal repetition, and acronyms can be observed. Functionally, the recontexualizations evidence a defensive ideology linked to nationalism and modernism. Ultimately, combatting the English racist term "Chinese virus" with a creative mixture of English and Chinese demonstrates how English has become ever more decentered during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Although high‐efficiency host‐sensitizer‐TBRb‐based organic light‐emitting diodes (HST‐OLEDs) are widely reported, the reasons for their high performances are still vague because the important role of hot exciton in TBRb emitter (T2, TBRb) has not been recognized previously. Herein, a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 24.9% is obtained from a HST‐OLED by co‐doping the Ir(ppy)3 sensitizer and TBRb emitter into the CBP host. Such a remarkable efficiency is mainly attributed to the efficient utilization of the T2, TBRb via the cascade Dexter energy transfer (DET) channels from triplet excitons of host and sensitizer to T2, TBRb (T1, CBP→DET$\mathop \to \limits^{{\mathrm{DET}}} $ T1, Ir(ppy)3→DET$\mathop \to \limits^{{\mathrm{DET}}} $ T2, TBRb) followed by the hot‐exciton reverse intersystem crossing (RISC, T2, TBRb→RISC$\mathop \to \limits^{{\mathrm{RISC}}} $ S1, TBRb) and triplet fusion (TF, T2, TBRb + T2, TBRb→TF$\mathop \to \limits^{{\mathrm{TF}}} $ Sm, TBRb→IC$\mathop \to \limits^{{\mathrm{IC}}} $ S1, TBRb) processes for radiative decays. These cascade DET channels are demonstrated by spectroscopic analyses and magneto‐electroluminescence studies. More importantly, this HST‐OLED presents an extremely low‐efficiency roll‐off, that is, the EQEs separately exhibit 24.34% and 19.73% at 1000 and 10 000 cd m−2 compared to the maximum EQE of 24.9%. Obviously, this work paves a promising pathway for fabricating further high‐efficiency HST‐OLEDs for applications in illumination and flat‐panel display. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber modification can promote the stabilization efficiency and mechanical properties of the subsequent carbon fibers; however, it could cause damage to the fibers to some extent. In this article, the effects of NaIO4 treatment on the chemical and physical properties of PAN fibers were investigated. After NaIO4 modification, the cyclization reaction has partially occurred, owing to the FTIR revealed that the C≡N peak was weakened, but the C=N stretching vibration peak, the –N = C=O stretching vibration peak, the C=O stretching vibration absorption peak, and the short sequence conjugate C=N characteristic peak were enhanced simultaneously, indicating a successful cyclization and dehydrogenation reaction. Moreover, owing to more oxygen-containing functional groups successfully attached to the PAN fibers and the cyclization reaction taking place, the initial temperature, peak temperature, and heat release of cyclization decreased, which means a more efficient and safer stabilization process. X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that the (100) crystal plane microcrystal size was the smallest at 40 °C of the modification temperature, whereas the (002) crystal plane microcrystal size was the largest at 60 °C. The modified stabilized PAN fibers presented lower crystallinity and a more aromatic structure compared with untreated fibers. Raman spectra revealed a significant increase in the intensity of the G peak after NaIO4 modification; the R-value decreased from 1.65 to 1.43, demonstrating a transformation of the sp3 hybrid carbon structure into a more graphite-like sp2 hybrid C=C structure. Meanwhile, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images disclosed additional grooves and cracks on the fiber surface after modification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The book "Multimodal communication in young multilingual children: Learning beyond words" by Jieun Kiaer explores how multilingual children in Korean-English households acquire language development through communication. The book is divided into two parts and an epilogue, with the first part contextualizing the study and describing translanguaging as a multilingual competence. The second part outlines six thematic studies that investigate how translanguaging operates in dynamic intercultural contexts. The book offers insights into how multilingual children interact with families and friends using different languages and modes, and it highlights the relationship between translanguaging and embodied mechanisms. The book's ethnographic approach and longitudinal data collection contribute to the authenticity and reliability of the research. Overall, the book is a valuable resource for scholars and students working in the fields of multilingualism, sociolinguistics, discourse studies, and literacy studies. [Extracted from the article]

The effects of KBrO3 modification on polyacrylonitrile (PAN) precursor fibers at different modification temperatures were studied. The mechanical properties, chemical structure, aggregation structure, morphological structure, and thermal behavior of PAN precursor fibers were analyzed. The mechanical properties of PAN precursor fibers are essentially unaltered after KBrO3 modification, although oxygen-containing functional groups are introduced. KBrO3 can ionize bromate ion in aqueous solution, which has good nucleophilicity and can attack the positively charged carbon atom in C≡N, so that the cyclization proceeds according to the ionic mechanism, allowing the transformation of C≡N to C = N in the PAN precursor fibers generated a cyclic trapezoidal structure containing primary aromatic amine, which reduced the peak temperature of the cyclization reaction from 284.5 °C to 275.1 °C and decreased the heat release. The sp3-hybridized carbon structure changes into a sp2 hybridized C = C structure with increasing aromatization, according to XRD and Raman data, and the KBrO3 alteration accelerates the degradation of the original microcrystalline structure and transforms into a new polycyclic aromatic structure. The degree of conjugation and aromatization of the system rapidly increased with the rise in modification temperature. The stabilized fibers were discovered to have the lowest R-value, the highest aromatization, the smoothest surface, and the fewest flaws at impregnation temperature of 60 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]