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39,463 results on '"YANG, W."'

2. Nucleon pair parton distribution functions

Author

Yang, W. and Li, C.

Subjects
Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

Parton distribution functions (PDFs) are important quantities in describing nucleon structures. They are universal and process-independent. As a matter of fact, nucleon PDFs are inevitably affected by nuclear matter during nuclear scattering process. In order to study the nuclear PDFs (nPDFs), in this paper, we introduce the nucleon pair PDFs (dPDFs) to describe parton distributions in the nucleon pair which is confined to a nucleus. We first of all construct the nuclear state in terms of nucleonic Fock states and calculate the operator definition of nPDFs. Neglecting the higher order corrections or nucleon correlations, we find that nPDFs can be written as a sum of two terms which respectively correspond to PDFs and dPDFs. Nucleon pair PDFs which stem from nucleon-nucleon correlation are proportional to common nucleon PDFs but suppressed by a factor. It is naturally to obtain the slope of the EMC effect $dR_{EMC}/dx$ as long as the factor is independent of momentum fraction $x$. We further calculate the Paschos-Wolfenstein ratio to study the nuclear matter effect on the extraction of weak mixing angle or $\sin^2\theta_W$ by using dPDFs.

Published
2024

3. Hyperfine structure of the methanol molecule as traced by Class I methanol masers

Author

Agafonova, I. I., Bayandina, O. S., Gong, Y., Henkel, C., Kim, Kee-Tae, Kozlov, M. G., Lankhaar, B., Levshakov, S. A., Menten, K. M., Ubachs, W., Val'tts, I. E., and Yang, W.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present results on simultaneous observations of Class~I methanol masers at 25, 36, and 44 GHz towards 22 Galactic targets carried out with the Effelsberg 100-m telescope. The study investigates relations between the hyperfine (HF) structure of the torsion-rotation transitions in CH3OH and maser activity. By analyzing the radial velocity shifts between different maser lines together with the patterns of the HF structure based on laboratory measurements and quantum-chemical calculations, we find that in any source only one specific HF transition forms the maser emission and that this transition changes from source to source. The physical conditions leading to this selective behavior are still unclear. Using accurate laboratory rest frequencies for the 25 GHz transitions, we have refined the centre frequencies for the HF multiplets at 36, 44, and 95 GHz: f_36 = (36169.2488 +/- 0.0002_stat +/- 0.0004_sys) MHz. f_44 = (44069.4176 +/- 0.0002_stat +/- 0.0004_sys) MHz, and f_95 = (95169.4414 +/- 0.0003_stat +/- 0.0004_sys) MHz. Comparison with previous observations of 44 GHz masers performed 6-10 years ago with a Korean 21-m KVN telescope towards the same targets confirms the kinematic stability of Class~I maser line profiles during this time interval and reveals a systematic radial velocity shift of 0.013 +/- 0.005 km/s between the two telescopes., Comment: 24 pages, 8 figures, 9 tables; accepted for publication in MNRAS

Published
2024

4. One-step synthesis of Cu-doped Pb$_{10}$(PO$_{4}$)$_{6}$Cl$_{2}$ apatite: A wide-gap semiconductor

Author

Yang, W. Z., Pang, Z. H., and Ren, Z.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

The recent claim of potential room-temperature superconductivity in Pb$_{10-x}$Cu$_{x}$(PO$_{4}$)$_{6}$O has attracted widespread attention. However, the signature of superconductivity is later attributed to the Cu$_{2}$S impurity formed during the multiple-step synthesis procedure. Here we report a simple one-step approach to synthesize single-phase chloride analogue Cu-doped Pb$_{10}$(PO$_{4}$)$_{6}$Cl$_{2}$ using PbO, PbCl$_{2}$, CuCl$_{2}$, and NH$_{4}$H$_{2}$PO$_{4}$ as starting materials. Irrespective of the initial stoichiometry, the Cu doping always leads to a lattice expansion in Pb$_{10}$(PO$_{4}$)$_{6}$Cl$_{2}$. This indicates that Cu prefers to reside in the hexagonal channels rather than substitutes at the Pb site, and the chemical formula is expressed as Pb$_{10}$(PO$_{4}$)$_{6}$Cu$_{x}$Cl$_{2}$. All the Pb$_{10}$(PO$_{4}$)$_{6}$Cu$_{x}$Cl$_{2}$ (0 $\leq$ $x$ $\leq$ 1.0) samples are found to be semiconductors with wide band gaps of 4.46-4.59 eV, and the Cu-doped ones ($x$ = 0.5 and 1.0) exhibit a paramagnetic behavior without any phase transition between 400 and 1.8 K. Our study calls for a reinvestigation of the Cu location in Pb$_{10-x}$Cu$_{x}$(PO$_{4}$)$_{6}$O, and supports the absence of superconductivity in this oxyapatite., Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures

Published
2024
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5. Data quality control system and long-term performance monitor of the LHAASO-KM2A

Author

Cao, Zhen, Aharonian, F., Axikegu, Bai, Y. X., Bao, Y. W., Bastieri, D., Bi, X. J., Bi, Y. J., Bian, W., Bukevich, A. V., Cao, Q., Cao, W. Y., Cao, Zhe, Chang, J., Chang, J. F., Chen, A. M., Chen, E. S., Chen, H. X., Chen, Liang, Chen, Lin, Chen, Long, Chen, M. J., Chen, M. L., Chen, Q. H., Chen, S., Chen, S. H., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Chen, Y., Cheng, N., Cheng, Y. D., Cui, M. Y., Cui, S. W., Cui, X. H., Cui, Y. D., Dai, B. Z., Dai, H. L., Dai, Z. G., Danzengluobu, Dong, X. Q., Duan, K. K., Fan, J. H., Fan, Y. Z., Fang, J., Fang, J. H., Fang, K., Feng, C. F., Feng, H., Feng, L., Feng, S. H., Feng, X. T., Feng, Y., Feng, Y. L., Gabici, S., Gao, B., Gao, C. D., Gao, Q., Gao, W., Gao, W. K., Ge, M. M., Geng, L. S., Giacinti, G., Gong, G. H., Gou, Q. B., Gu, M. H., Guo, F. L., Guo, X. L., Guo, Y. Q., Guo, Y. Y., Han, Y. A., Hasan, M., He, H. H., He, H. N., He, J. Y., He, Y., Hor, Y. K., Hou, B. W., Hou, C., Hou, X., Hu, H. B., Hu, Q., Hu, S. C., Huang, D. H., Huang, T. Q., Huang, W. J., Huang, X. T., Huang, X. Y., Huang, Y., Ji, X. L., Jia, H. Y., Jia, K., Jiang, K., Jiang, X. W., Jiang, Z. J., Jin, M., Kang, M. M., Karpikov, I., Kuleshov, D., Kurinov, K., Li, B. B., Li, C. M., Li, Cheng, Li, Cong, Li, D., Li, F., Li, H. B., Li, H. C., Li, Jian, Li, Jie, Li, K., Li, S. D., Li, W. L., Li, X. R., Li, Xin, Li, Y. Z., Li, Zhe, Li, Zhuo, Liang, E. W., Liang, Y. F., Lin, S. J., Liu, B., Liu, C., Liu, D., Liu, D. B., Liu, H., Liu, H. D., Liu, J., Liu, J. L., Liu, M. Y., Liu, R. Y., Liu, S. M., Liu, W., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. N., Luo, Q., Luo, Y., Lv, H. K., Ma, B. Q., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mao, J. R., Min, Z., Mitthumsiri, W., Mu, H. J., Nan, Y. C., Neronov, A., Ou, L. J., Pattarakijwanich, P., Pei, Z. Y., Qi, J. C., Qi, M. Y., Qiao, B. Q., Qin, J. J., Raza, A., Ruffolo, D., Sáiz, A., Saeed, M., Semikoz, D., Shao, L., Shchegolev, O., Sheng, X. D., Shu, F. W., Song, H. C., Stenkin, Yu. V., Stepanov, V., Su, Y., Sun, D. X., Sun, Q. N., Sun, X. N., Sun, Z. B., Takata, J., Tam, P. H. T., Tang, Q. W., Tang, R., Tang, Z. B., Tian, W. W., Wang, C., Wang, C. B., Wang, G. W., Wang, H. G., Wang, H. H., Wang, J. C., Wang, Kai, Wang, L. P., Wang, L. Y., Wang, P. H., Wang, R., Wang, W., Wang, X. G., Wang, X. Y., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. D., Wang, Y. J., Wang, Z. H., Wang, Z. X., Wang, Zhen, Wang, Zheng, Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. J., Wen, T., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Wu, Q. W., Wu, S., Wu, X. F., Wu, Y. S., Xi, S. Q., Xia, J., Xiang, G. M., Xiao, D. X., Xiao, G., Xin, Y. L., Xing, Y., Xiong, D. R., Xiong, Z., Xu, D. L., Xu, R. F., Xu, R. X., Xu, W. L., Xue, L., Yan, D. H., Yan, J. Z., Yan, T., Yang, C. W., Yang, C. Y., Yang, F., Yang, F. F., Yang, L. L., Yang, M. J., Yang, R. Z., Yang, W. X., Yao, Y. H., Yao, Z. G., Yin, L. Q., Yin, N., You, X. H., You, Z. Y., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, Q., Yue, H., Zeng, H. D., Zeng, T. X., Zeng, W., Zha, M., Zhang, B. B., Zhang, F., Zhang, H., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, H. Y., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, Li, Zhang, P. F., Zhang, P. P., Zhang, R., Zhang, S. B., Zhang, S. R., Zhang, S. S., Zhang, X., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y. F., Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Yong, Zhao, B., Zhao, J., Zhao, L., Zhao, L. Z., Zhao, S. P., Zhao, X. H., Zheng, F., Zhong, W. J., Zhou, B., Zhou, H., Zhou, J. N., Zhou, M., Zhou, P., Zhou, R., Zhou, X. X., Zhu, B. Y., Zhu, C. G., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, H., Zhu, K. J., Zou, Y. C., and Zuo, X.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The KM2A is the largest sub-array of the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO). It consists of 5216 electromagnetic particle detectors (EDs) and 1188 muon detectors (MDs). The data recorded by the EDs and MDs are used to reconstruct primary information of cosmic ray and gamma-ray showers. This information is used for physical analysis in gamma-ray astronomy and cosmic ray physics. To ensure the reliability of the LHAASO-KM2A data, a three-level quality control system has been established. It is used to monitor the status of detector units, stability of reconstructed parameters and the performance of the array based on observations of the Crab Nebula and Moon shadow. This paper will introduce the control system and its application on the LHAASO-KM2A data collected from August 2021 to July 2023. During this period, the pointing and angular resolution of the array were stable. From the observations of the Moon shadow and Crab Nebula, the results achieved using the two methods are consistent with each other. According to the observation of the Crab Nebula at energies from 25 TeV to 100 TeV, the time averaged pointing errors are estimated to be $-0.003^{\circ} \pm 0.005^{\circ}$ and $0.001^{\circ} \pm 0.006^{\circ}$ in the R.A. and Dec directions, respectively., Comment: 15 pages, 9 figures

Published
2024

6. Discovery of widespread non-metastable ammonia masers in the Milky Way

Author

Yan, Y. T., Henkel, C., Menten, K. M., Wilson, T. L., Wootten, A., Gong, Y., Wyrowski, F., Yang, W., Brunthaler, A., Kraus, A., and Winkel, B.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We present the results of a search for ammonia maser emission in 119 Galactic high-mass star-forming regions (HMSFRs) known to host 22 GHz H$_2$O maser emission. Our survey has led to the discovery of non-metastable NH$_3$ inversion line masers toward 14 of these sources. This doubles the number of known non-metastable ammonia masers in our Galaxy, including nine new very high excitation ($J,K$)~=~(9,6) maser sources. These maser lines, including NH$_3$ (5,4), (6,4), (6,5), (7,6), (8,6), (9,6), (9,8), (10,8), and (11,9), arise from energy levels of 342 K, 513 K, 465 K, 606 K, 834 K, 1090 K, 942 K, 1226 K, and 1449 K above the ground state. Additionally, we tentatively report a new metastable NH$_3$ (3,3) maser in G048.49 and an NH$_3$ (7,7) maser in G029.95. Our observations reveal that all of the newly detected NH$_3$ maser lines exhibit either blueshifted or redshifted velocities with respect to the source systemic velocities. Among the non-metastable ammonia maser lines, larger velocity distributions, offset from the source systemic velocities, are found in the ortho-NH$_3$ ($K=3n$) than in the para-NH$_3$ ($K\neq3n$) transitions., Comment: 14 pages, 4 tables, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A

Published
2024
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8. Hidden mechanical oscillatory state in a carbon nanotube revealed by noise

Author

Belardinelli, P., Yang, W., Bachtold, A., Dykman, M. I., and Alijani, F.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

Carbon nanotubes are devices of choice for investigating the interplay between electronic transport and nanomechanical motion. In this work, we report the co-existence of thermal vibrations and large-amplitude self-sustained oscillations in a carbon nanotube that originates from electron tunneling and thermal effects. The measured transitions between the two states are described by a Poisson process, revealing that the interstate switching is induced by noise. We observe the coexistence of the stable low-amplitude thermal state and the stable large-amplitude state (limit cycle) over a finite parameter range, which points to an isola bifurcation. We propose a minimalistic model based on nonlinear friction to account for the isola. Our work provides evidence for a new type of bifurcation leading to self-sustained oscillations that largely differs from the classical Hopf bifurcation, since these large-amplitude oscillations are a hidden state that can be unveiled via stochastic switching. We envision that this new dynamical regime and the means to reveal it will be of interest for various mesoscopic vibrational systems.

Published
2023

13. Sulfur isotope ratios in the Large Magellanic Cloud

Author

Gong, Y., Henkel, C., Menten, K. M., Chen, C. -H. R., Zhang, Z. Y., Yan, Y. T., Weiss, A., Langer, N., Wang, J. Z., Mao, R. Q., Tang, X. D., Yang, W., Ao, Y. P., and Wang, M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Sulfur isotope ratios have emerged as a promising tool for tracing stellar nucleosynthesis, quantifying stellar populations, and investigating the chemical evolution of galaxies. While extensively studied in the Milky Way, in extragalactic environments they remain largely unexplored. We focus on investigating the sulfur isotope ratios in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) to gain insights into sulfur enrichment in this nearby system and to establish benchmarks for such ratios in metal-poor galaxies. We conducted pointed observations of CS and its isotopologues toward N113, one of the most prominent star-formation regions in the LMC, utilizing the Atacama Pathfinder EXperiment 12~m telescope. We present the first robust detection of C$^{33}$S in the LMC by successfully identifying two C$^{33}$S transitions on a large scale of $\sim$5 pc. Our measurements result in an accurate determination of the $^{34}$S/$^{33}$S isotope ratio, which is 2.0$\pm$0.2. Our comparative analysis indicates that the $^{32}$S/$^{33}$S and $^{34}$S/$^{33}$S isotope ratios are about a factor of 2 lower in the LMC than in the Milky Way. Our findings suggest that the low $^{34}$S/$^{33}$S isotope ratio in the LMC can be attributed to a combination of the age effect, low metallicity, and star formation history., Comment: 6 pages, 1 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in A&A, adjusted to the final version

Published
2023
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16. New Abdominal Mass After Surgery for Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor: Desmoid-Type Fibromatosis Difficult to Distinguish from Mesenchymal Tumor – A Case Report

Author

Wang X, Shou C, Zhu K, Yang W, and Yu J

Subjects
lumpectomy, pathological diagnosis, gist, imatinib, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Xiaodong Wang, Chunhui Shou, Kankai Zhu, Weili Yang, Jiren Yu Gastroenterology Department, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jiren Yu, Gastroenterology Department, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China, Email yujr0909@zju.edu.cnAbstract: A new lump in patients with a history of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) may indicate resistance to medication and recurrence. It is important to monitor for recurrence or metastasis after surgery for GIST, especially in cases of high-risk GIST, as it determines the subsequent treatment. However, it is difficult to differentiate between GIST and DF by imaging. Tissue biopsy and final diagnosis through pathological analysis are usually required. Here, we report 2 cases of primary diagnosis with high-risk GIST and suspected tumor recurrence during Imatinib treatment. The mass was not located where the previous GIST lesion had been. After the complete excision of the mass through laparoscopic surgery, the pathological findings revealed that it was not a recurrence of GIST, but a desmoid-type fibromatosis.Keywords: lumpectomy, pathological diagnosis, GIST, imatinib

Published
2024

17. Mitochondria-Rich Microvesicles Alleviate CNI ED by Transferring Mitochondria and Suppressing Local Ferroptosis

Author

Liang Z, Chen Z, Zhang C, Chen C, Yang W, Zhang Y, and Wei H

Subjects
cavernous nerve injury, erectile dysfunction, microvesicles, oxidative stress, ferroptosis, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Zhenkang Liang,* Zehong Chen,* Chaowei Zhang, Cui Chen, Wende Yang, Yuxuan Zhang, Hongbo Wei Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Hongbo Wei, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Tianhe Road 600, Guangzhou, 510630, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-020-85253000, Email weihb@mail.sysu.edu.cnPurpose: Erectile dysfunction (ED) frequently arises as a complication of pelvic surgeries, including rectal and prostate surgery, and has no definitive cure. This study explored whether mitochondria-rich microvesicles (MVs) can be used to treat ED stemming from cavernous nerve injury (CNI) and investigated its potential mechanisms.Methods: We isolated MVs and mitochondria (MT) from PC12. The apoptosis rate, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial derived reactive oxygen species (mtROS), iron content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and endogenous antioxidant system activity of corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells (CCSMCs) cultured with MVs and MT were detected in vitro. In vivo, twenty-four male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham operation group and CNI group were injected with PBS, MVs and MT respectively. After fourteen days of treatment, the erectile function was measured and penile tissues were collected for histological analysis. Subsequently, inhibition of mitochondria in MV was performed to explore the mechanism of the rescue experiment.Results: The CCSMCs, PC12-MVs and PC12-MT were successfully isolated and identified. After MVs culture, apoptosis rate, ROS, mtROS, iron content and MDA content of CCSMCs were significantly decreased, while MMP and the activities of endogenous antioxidant system were increased. MVs transplantation can significantly restore erectile function and smooth muscle content in CNIED rats. The rescue experiment suggested that MVs exerted the above therapeutic effect by transferring mitochondria within it.Conclusion: MVs transplantation significantly improve erectile function in CNI ED rats. MVs may play a role in anti-OS and anti-ferroptosis at the transplant site through efficient transfer of mitochondria, providing a potential treatment vehicle for CNI ED.Keywords: cavernous nerve injury, erectile dysfunction, microvesicles, oxidative stress, ferroptosis

Published
2024

18. Prognosis of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with TACE: A New Score Combining Alpha-Fetoprotein and Des-γ-Carboxy Prothrombin

Author

Lu SY, Sun HY, Zhou Y, Luo X, Liu S, Zhou WZ, Shi HB, Yang W, and Tian W

Subjects
hepatocellular carcinoma, transarterial chemoembolization, prognostic model, risk assessment, ad score, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Shang-Yu Lu,1,* Han-Yao Sun,1,* Yan Zhou,2 Xi Luo,3 Sheng Liu,1 Wei-Zhong Zhou,1 Hai-Bin Shi,1 Wei Yang,1 Wei Tian1 1Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 3The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Wei Yang; Wei Tian, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-18705164897 ; +86-13770615508, Email youngwei1988@163.com; tianwei@jsph.org.cnPurpose: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a significant global health problem, requiring precise prognostic tools for optimal treatment stratification. This study aimed to develop a new risk prediction score, called AD score, based on the serum markers alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and des-γ-carboxy prothrombin (DCP), to offer an objective and accurate preoperative assessment of HCC in patients undergoing transarterial chemoembolization (TACE).Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective study that included 295 HCC patients who were subjected to TACE (training set, n=147; testing set, n=148). Serum AFP and DCP levels were log-transformed to construct the AD score. Multivariate Cox regression analysis on cirrhosis subgroups validated the objectivity of the model. Performance comparison of established models (Child Pugh, BCLC, ALBI, Up-to-seven, Six-and-twelve, Four and seven, HAP score, mHAP-II, FAIL-T score), was assessed through time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and risk stratification.Results: The AD score, incorporating lgAFP and lgDCP, demonstrated superior predictive accuracy than the existing models. Time-dependent ROC curve revealed the consistent superiority of the AD score over a 5-year period. The risk stratification into low, intermediate, and high group based on the AD score showed a significant survival difference in both training and testing set.Conclusion: For HCC patients undergoing TACE, the AD score serves as an objective and straightforward prognostic tool, enhancing predictive accuracy and showcasing its clinical utility. It demonstrates potential significance as a crucial addition to preoperative risk assessment for TACE.Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, transarterial chemoembolization, prognostic model, risk assessment, AD score

Published
2024

19. Bio-Inspired Nanodelivery Platform: Platelet Membrane-Cloaked Genistein Nanosystem for Targeted Lung Cancer Therapy

Author

Gao R, Lin P, Yang W, Fang Z, Gao C, Cheng B, Fang J, and Yu W

Subjects
bionic technology, platelet membrane, genistein, liposomes, lung cancer, targeted therapy, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Rui Gao,1,* Peihong Lin,1,* Wenjing Yang,1,* Zhengyu Fang,1 Chunxiao Gao,1 Bin Cheng,2 Jie Fang,3 Wenying Yu1 1School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical University, Ningbo, 315500, People’s Republic of China; 3Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Experimental Animal’s & Nonclinical Laboratory Studies, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Bin Cheng; Wenying Yu, Email 44418972@qq.com; zjyuwenying@163.comBackground: Genistein (Gen), a natural polyphenolic compound, has emerged as a promising candidate for lung cancer treatment. However, the potential clinical application of Gen is limited due to its poor solubility, low bioavailability, and toxic side effects. To address these challenges, a biomimetic delivery platform with cell membranes derived from natural cells as carrier material was constructed. This innovative approach aims to facilitate targeted drug delivery and solve the problem of biocompatibility of synthetic materials.Methods: First, the liposomes (LPs) loaded with Gen (LPs@Gen) was prepared using the ethanol injection method. Subsequently, PLTM-LPs@Gen was obtained through co-extrusion after mixing platelet membrane (PLTM) and LPs@Gen. Additionally, the biological and physicochemical properties of PLTM-LPs@Gen were investigated. Finally, the targeting ability, therapeutic efficacy, and safety of PLTM-LPs@Gen for lung cancer were evaluated using both a cell model and a tumor-bearing nude mouse model.Results: The optimal preparation ratio for LPs@Gen was Gen: soybean lecithin: cholesterol: DSPE-PEG2000 (3:30:5:10, mass ratio), while the ideal fusion ratio of LPs@Gen and PLTM was 1:1. The particle size of PLTM-LPs@Gen was 108.33 ± 1.06 nm, and the encapsulation efficiency and drug loading were 94.29% and 3.09% respectively. Gen was released continuously and slowly from PLTM-LPs@Gen. Moreover, PLTM-LPs@Gen exhibited good stability within one week. The results of in vitro cellular uptake and in vivo distribution experiments indicated that the carrier material, PLTM-LPs, has the immune escape ability and tumor targeting ability. Consequently, it showed better therapeutic effects than free drugs and traditional LPs in vitro and in vivo tumor models. In addition, safety experiments demonstrated that PLTM-LPs@Gen possesses good biocompatibility.Conclusion: Biomimetic nanomedicine provides a new strategy for the precision treatment of lung cancer in clinical practice.Keywords: bionic technology, platelet membrane, genistein, liposomes, lung cancer, targeted therapy

Published
2024

20. Development and Implementation of a Pediatric Clinical Teaching Case Library Based on Massive Real-Time Data

Author

Wang H, Peng H, Chen Z, Yang W, Wu Z, and Wang P

Subjects
case library, clinical teaching, pediatrics, real-time data, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Hongqian Wang,1,* Honghao Peng,2,* Zhiqiang Chen,3 Wang Yang,2 Zhifeng Wu,2 Peng Wang1 1Medical Big Data and Artificial Intelligence Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pediatrics, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400037, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pediatrics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Zhifeng Wu, Department of Pediatrics, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), No. 1of Xinqiao Street, Shaping-Ba District, Chongqing, 400037, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 17784310338, Email wuzhifeng@tmmu.edu.cn Peng Wang, Medical Big Data and Artificial Intelligence Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), No. 30 of GaoTanYanzheng Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8613637996768, Email wangpeng@tmmu.edu.cnBackground: With the development of information technology, establishing a clinical teaching case library based on vast real-time data resources has become a new educational approach. Nevertheless, a robust theoretical underpinning for harnessing real-time data to enhance clinical education remains elusive. The current body of research frequently falls short of a coherent theoretical structure, and has yet to delve deeply into the intrinsic worth and obstacles that real-time data presents in the educational sphere.Objective: To construct a real-time data resource set for pediatric clinical cases.Methods: This study was conducted within the framework of a university-level medical data center where advanced data de-identification protocols and encryption technologies were employed. The inclusion criteria for cases were determined based on their distinctive clinical characteristics and educational relevance aligning with established curriculum standards. These cases were then incorporated into the case library. To ensure ongoing enrichment and relevance of the pediatric clinical teaching case library, a two-phase evaluation system focused on aspects of storage-use and quality-availability was implemented.Results: This study successfully established a pediatric clinical teaching case library, supported by substantial real-time data. This database has been seamlessly incorporated into various facets of pediatric education, including classroom instruction in Pediatrics, serving as a resource for educational material and facilitating in practical teaching scenarios.Conclusion: This case library provides an authentic and dynamic data foundation for clinical teaching by leveraging a vast repository of real-time clinical data. It not only facilitates access to high-quality educational resources but also promotes the exploration and adoption of interdisciplinary teaching methodologies. Future research should clarify the theoretical foundation for the application of real-time data, fill existing theoretical gaps, and explore its applicability in various educational environments.Keywords: case library, clinical teaching, pediatrics, real-time data

Published
2024

21. Diabetes Mellitus Inhibits Hair Follicle Regeneration by Inducing Macrophage Reprogramming-Mediated Pyroptosis

Author

Wang M, Lai Z, Zhang H, Yang W, Zheng F, He D, Liu X, Zhong R, Qahar M, and Yang G

Subjects
diabetes mellitus, caspases, hair follicle stem cells, chronic wounds, cutaneous immune disorder, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Minghui Wang,1,* Zhiwei Lai,1,* Hua Zhang,1,* Weiqi Yang,2 Fengping Zheng,1 Dehua He,2 Xiaofang Liu,2 Rong Zhong,2 Mulan Qahar,1,2 Guang Yang1– 3 1Division of Renal Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University, Shenzhen, 518036, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518035, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Life Sciences, Yuncheng University, Yuncheng, 044011, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Guang Yang; Mulan Qahar, Email yakoaka@foxmail.com; mulanqahar@126.comBackground: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is known to inhibit skin self-renewal and hair follicle stem cell (HFSC) activation, which may be key in the formation of chronic diabetic wounds. This study aimed to investigate the reasons behind the suppression of HFSC activation in DM mice.Methods: Type 1 DM (T1DM) was induced in 6-week-old mice via streptozotocin, and hair follicle growth was subsequently monitored. RNA sequencing, bioinformatics analyses, qRT‒PCR, immunostaining, and cellular experiments were carried out to investigate the underlying mechanisms involved.Results: T1DM inhibited HFSC activation, which correlated with an increase in caspase-dependent programmed cell death. Additionally, T1DM triggered apoptosis and pyroptosis, predominantly in HFSCs and epidermal regions, with pyroptosis being more pronounced in the inner root sheath of hair follicles. Notably, significant cutaneous immune imbalances were observed, particularly in macrophages. Cellular experiments demonstrated that M1 macrophages inhibited HaCaT cell proliferation and induced cell death, whereas high-glucose environments alone did not have the same effect.Conclusion: T1DM inhibits HFSC activation via macrophage reprogramming-mediated caspase-dependent pyroptosis, and there is a significant regional characterization of cell death. Moreover, T1DM-induced programmed cell death in the skin may be more closely related to immune homeostasis imbalance than to hyperglycemia itself. These findings shed light on the pathogenesis of diabetic ulcers and provide a theoretical basis for the use of hair follicle grafts in wound repair.Keywords: diabetes mellitus, caspases, hair follicle stem cells, chronic wounds, cutaneous immune disorder

Published
2024

22. Prediction of Unexplained Recurrent Miscarriages Using Thromboelastography

Author

Xu J, Yang Y, Guan G, Gao Y, Sun Q, Yuan G, Zhang X, Yang J, Yang W, Zhu Z, and Han C

Subjects
unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion, thromboelastography, prothrombotic state, coagulation function, Gynecology and obstetrics, RG1-991
Abstract

Jinjin Xu,1– 3,&ast; Yan Yang,1– 3,&ast; Guixue Guan,1– 3,&ast; Yuan Gao,1– 3 Qian Sun,1– 3 Guangwei Yuan,4 Xiaozuo Zhang,1– 3 Jingyun Yang,5,6 Wen Yang,1– 3 Zuobin Zhu,7 Conghui Han8,9 1Department of Gynecology, The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 22206, People’s Republic of China; 3Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China & Department of Gynecology, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; 4College of Professional Studies, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA; 5Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA; 6Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA; 7Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; 8Department of Urology, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; 9Department of Urology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Wen Yang, Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Zhenhua Road, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222061, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-18961325910, Email wen_yang0@163.com Conghui Han, Department of Urology, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, 199 Jiefang South Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13813461893, Email hanchdoctor@st.btbu.edu.cnObjective: This study investigates the thromboelastography (TEG) changes in patients with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA) to identify effective diagnostic markers for URSA.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 160 URSA patients from the Gynecology Department of the First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang (June 2017 - June 2020) and compared them with 190 healthy, fertile women without adverse pregnancy histories (control group). TEG parameters were assessed using logistic regression, applying stepwise selection for model optimization. Model performance was evaluated using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves, determining sensitivity and specificity. The Youden index identified optimal cut points for predictive probabilities.Results: Significant differences were observed between the URSA and control groups in coagulation reaction time (R), clot formation time (K), clot formation rate (Angle-α), and maximum clot strength (MA) (P< 0.05). Multivariable logistic regression identified R, Angle-α, and MA as independent URSA risk factors. The model demonstrated excellent discrimination (AUC: 0.940; 95% CI: 0.918– 0.962). The optimal cut point of predictive probability (Youden index) was P=0.355, yielding a sensitivity of 0.925 and specificity of 0.795.Conclusion: URSA patients exhibit a hypercoagulable state even when not pregnant. More research is needed to validate our findings and explore the potential clinical implications of anticoagulants in treating URSA.Keywords: unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion, thromboelastography, prothrombotic state, coagulation function

Published
2024

23. A Case of Adult Hereditary Spherocytosis Concomitant with Gilbert Syndrome Caused by Mutations in SPTB and UGT1A1

Author

Gou Y, Wang P, Yang W, Feng Y, Peng X, Liu H, Liu S, and Zhang X

Subjects
hereditary spherocytosis, gilbert syndrome, sptb, ugt1a1, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Yang Gou,1,2 Ping Wang,1,2 Wucheng Yang,1,2 Yimei Feng,1,2 Xiangui Peng,1,2 Hong Liu,1,2 Shuiqing Liu,1,2 Xi Zhang1,2 1Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, People’s Republic of China; 2Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hematology and Microenvironment, Chongqing, 400037, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Hong Liu; Shuiqing Liu, Email 1241580141@qq.com; liushuiqing062@tmmu.edu.cnAbstract: Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is the most common hereditary hemolytic disease with defects in red blood cells (RBC) membrane proteins caused by mutations in membrane protein genes, like SPTB, SPTA1 and ANK1. Gilbert syndrome (GS) is a disease characterized by a mild deficiency of uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) enzyme activity and unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, largely caused by UGT1A1 mutations. The two inherited diseases HS and GS are rarely occurred in the same patient and are easy to be misdiagnosed, resulting in excessive diagnosis and treatment. Here, we report a rare case of HS combined with GS due to mutations in the SPTB and UGT1A1 genes. A 50-year-old man who had an over 40-year history of jaundice was admitted to our hospital owing to fatigue and fever. His blood analysis showed low hemoglobin (74 g/L), high reticulocyte (23.5%) and high serum bilirubin (65 μmol/L); abdominal ultrasound revealed calculous cholecystitis and splenomegaly. Considering a possible diagnosis of hemolytic anemia, further examinations showed 42% spherocytes in blood smears and high erythroid lineage hyperplasia in bone marrow. Subsequently, 151 jaundice-related genes panel sequencing was done and results showed SPTB p.N1260fs and UGT1A1 p.G71R mutations. Then the patient was diagnosed with HS complicated with GS. Anti-infection and supportive treatments were providing to the patient, while infection removed, the hemoglobin recovered to normal, and no additional treatment was given. These findings of this report indicate that patients who are considered hemolytic anemia presenting with jaundice and anemia, genetic testing is a crucial method for the final diagnosis and bilirubin metabolic disease should also be concerned.Keywords: hereditary spherocytosis, Gilbert syndrome, SPTB, UGT1A1

Published
2024

24. Protonated hydrogen cyanide as a tracer of pristine molecular gas

Author

Gong, Y., Du, F. J., Henkel, C., Jacob, A. M., Belloche, A., Wang, J. Z., Menten, K. M., Yang, W., Quan, D. H., Bop, C. T., Ortiz-León, G. N., Tang, X. D., Rugel, M. R., and Liu, S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Protonated hydrogen cyanide, HCNH$^{+}$, plays a fundamental role in astrochemistry because it is an intermediary in gas-phase ion-neutral reactions within cold molecular clouds. However, the impact of the environment on the chemistry of HCNH$^{+}$ remains poorly understood. With the IRAM-30 m and APEX-12 m observations, we report the first robust distribution of HCNH$^{+}$ in the Serpens filament and in Serpens South. Our data suggest that HCNH$^{+}$ is abundant in cold and quiescent regions, but is deficit in active star-forming regions. The observed HCNH$^{+}$ fractional abundances relative to H$_{2}$ range from $3.1\times 10^{-11}$ in protostellar cores to $5.9\times 10^{-10}$ in prestellar cores, and the HCNH$^{+}$ abundance generally decreases with increasing H$_{2}$ column density, which suggests that HCNH$^{+}$ coevolves with cloud cores. Our observations and modeling results suggest that the abundance of HCNH$^{+}$ in cold molecular clouds is strongly dependent on the H$_{2}$ number density. The decrease in the abundance of HCNH$^{+}$ is caused by the fact that its main precursors (e.g., HCN and HNC) undergo freeze-out as the number density of H$_{2}$ increases. However, current chemical models cannot explain other observed trends, such as the fact that the abundance of HCNH$^{+}$ shows an anti-correlation with that of HCN and HNC, but a positive correlation with that of N$_{2}$H$^{+}$ in the southern part of the Serpens South northern clump. This indicates that additional chemical pathways have to be invoked for the formation of HCNH$^{+}$ via molecules like N$_{2}$ in regions in which HCN and HNC freeze out. Both the fact that HCNH$^{+}$ is most abundant in molecular cores prior to gravitational collapse and the fact that low-$J$ HCNH$^{+}$ transitions have very low H$_{2}$ critical densities make this molecular ion an excellent probe of pristine molecular gas., Comment: 25 pages, 26 figures, accepted for publication in A&A

Published
2023
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25. The semi-inclusive deeply inelastic scattering in the eN collinear frame

Author

Yang, W.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

The deeply inelastic scattering is one of the most important processes in studying the nucleon structure. Theoretical calculations for both the inclusive one and the semi-inclusive one are generally carried out in the virtual photon-nucleon collinear frame in which virtual photon does not have the transverse components. Expressions in this frame are written in relatively simple forms. Nevertheless, it is also meaningful to calculate the scattering process in the electron-nucleon collinear frame where new measurement schemes are obtained. In the present paper, we reconsider the semi-inclusive deeply inelastic scattering process in the electron-nucleon collinear frame and present the results of azimuthal asymmetries and quark intrinsic asymmetries. We find that the differential cross sections in these two frames are the same at leading twist level but different at higher twist level. Azimuthal asymmetries and intrinsic asymmetries in these two frames have the same forms but different kinematic factors. For the sake of completeness, both the electromagnetic and weak interactions are considered in our calculations. The neutral current measurements in the scattering process could be used as electroweak precision tests which can provide new accurate determinations of the electroweak couplings., Comment: 13 pages and 6 figures

Published
2023

29. ATLASGAL: 3-mm class I methanol masers in high-mass star formation regions

Author

Yang, W., Gong, Y., Menten, K. M., Urquhart, J. S., Henkel, C., Wyrowski, F., Csengeri, T., Ellingsen, S. P., Bemis, A. R., and Jang, J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

We analyzed the 3-mm wavelength spectral line survey of 408 ATLASGAL clumps observed with the IRAM 30m-telescope, focusing on the class I methanol masers with frequencies near 84, 95 and 104.3 GHz. We detect narrow, maser-like features towards 54, 100 and 4 sources in the maser lines near 84, 95 and 104.3 GHz, respectively. Among them, fifty 84 GHz masers, twenty nine 95 GHz masers and four rare 104.3 GHz masers are new discoveries. The new detections increase the number of known 104.3 GHz masers from 5 to 9. The 95 GHz class I methanol maser is generally stronger than the 84 GHz maser counterpart. We find 9 sources showing class I methanol masers but no SiO emission, indicating that class I methanol masers might be the only signpost of protostellar outflow activity in extremely embedded objects at the earliest evolutionary stage. Class I methanol masers that are associated with sources that show SiO line wings are more numerous and stronger than those without such wings. The total integrated intensity of class I methanol masers is well correlated with the integrated intensity and velocity coverage of the SiO (2--1) emission. The properties of class I methanol masers are positively correlated with the bolometric luminosity, clump mass, peak H$_2$ column density of their associated clumps but uncorrelated with the luminosity-to-mass ratio, dust temperature, and mean H$_2$ volume density. We suggest that the properties of class I masers are related to shocks traced by SiO. Based on our observations, we conclude that class I methanol masers at 84 and 95 GHz can trace a similar evolutionary stage as H$_2$O maser, and appear prior to 6.7 and 12.2 GHz methanol and OH masers. Despite their small number, the 104.3 GHz class I masers appear to trace a short and more evolved stage compared to the other class I masers. [abridged], Comment: 23 pages, 27 figures, 8 tables, accepted for publication in A&A

Published
2023
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30. The Effelsberg survey of FU~Orionis and EX~Lupi objects II. -- H$_2$O maser observations

Author

Szabó, Zs. M., Gong, Y., Yang, W., Menten, K. M., Bayandina, O. S., Cyganowski, C. J., Kóspál, Á., Ábrahám, P., Belloche, A., and Wyrowski, F.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

FU Orionis (FUor) and EX Lupi (EXor) type objects are two groups of peculiar and rare pre-main sequence low-mass stars that are undergoing powerful accretion outbursts during their early stellar evolution. Water masers are widespread in star forming regions and are powerful probes of mass accretion and ejection, but little is known about the prevalence of them toward FUors/EXors. We perform the first systematic search for the 22.2 GHz water maser line in FUors/EXors to determine its overall incidence to perform follow-up high angular resolution observations. We used the Effelsberg 100-m radio telescope to observe the 22.2 GHz H2O maser toward a sample of 51 objects. We detect 5 water masers; 3 are associated with eruptive stars, resulting in a 6% detection rate for eruptive sources. These detections include one EXor, V512 Per (also known as SVS 13 or SVS 13A), and two FUors, Z CMa and HH 354 IRS. This is the first reported detection of water maser emission towards HH 354 IRS. We detect water maser emission in our pointing towards the FUor binary RNO 1B/1C, which most likely originates from the nearby deeply embedded source IRAS 00338+6312 (~4'', from RNO 1B/1C). Emission was also detected from H$_2$O(B) (also known as SVS 13C), a Class 0 source ~30'', from the EXor V512 Per. The peak flux density of H$_2$O(B) in our observations, 498.7 Jy, is the highest observed to date. In addition to the two non-eruptive Class 0 sources (IRAS 00338+6312 and H$_2$O(B) /SVS 13C), we detect maser emission towards one Class 0/I (HH 354 IRS) and two Class I (V512 Per and Z CMa) eruptive stars. We demonstrate the presence of 22.2 GHz water maser emission in FUor/EXor systems, opening the way to radio interferometric observations to study these eruptive stars on small scales. Comparing our data with historical observations suggest that multiple water maser flares have occurred in both V512 Per and H$_2$O(B)., Comment: 12 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics

Published
2023
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31. Discovery of Two Cyclotron Resonance Scattering Features in X-ray Pulsar Cen X-3 by Insight-HXMT

Author

Yang, W., Wang, W., Liu, Q., Chen, X., Wu, H. J., Tian, P. F., and Chen, J. S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

We present the results of the neutron star X-ray binary system Cen X-3 performed by $Insight$-HXMT with two observations during 2017 and 2018. During these two observations, the source reached a X-ray luminosity of $\sim 10^{38}$ erg s$^{-1}$ from 2 -- 105 keV. The analysis of the broadband X-ray spectrum reports the presence of two cyclotron resonance scattering features (CRSFs) with the fundamental line at $\sim$ 28 keV and the harmonic line at $\sim 47 $ keV. The multiple lines exist by fittings with different continuum models, like the absorbed NPEX model and a power-law with high energy exponential cutoff model. This is the first time that both fundamental and harmonic lines are detected in Cen X-3. We also show evidence of two cyclotron lines in the phase-resolved spectrum of Cen X-3. The CRSF and continuum spectral parameters show evolution with the pulse profile, and the two line centroid energy ratio does not change significantly and locates in a narrow value range of $1.6-1.7$ over the pulse phase. The implications of the discovering two cyclotron absorption features and phase-resolved spectral properties are discussed., Comment: 8 pages, MNRAS, 2023, 519, 5402-5409

Published
2023
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32. Luteolin Alleviates Diabetic Nephropathy Fibrosis Involving AMPK/NLRP3/TGF-β Pathway

Author

Huang R, Zeng J, Yu X, Shi Y, Song N, Zhang J, Wang P, Luo M, Ma Y, Xiao C, Wang L, Du G, Cai H, and Yang W

Subjects
diabetic nephropathy, network pharmacology, inflammation, tgf-β, fibrosis, Specialties of internal medicine, RC581-951
Abstract

Rong Huang,1,&ast; Jun Zeng,1,&ast; Xiaoze Yu,1 Yunke Shi,2 Na Song,1 Jie Zhang,1 Peng Wang,1 Min Luo,1 Yiming Ma,2 Chuang Xiao,1 Lueli Wang,1 Guanhua Du,3 Hongyan Cai,4 Weimin Yang1 1School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China; 2The First Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China; 3Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 4The Second Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Weimin Yang, School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, People’s Republic of China, Email ywmbessie@yeah.net Hongyan Cai, The Second Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, People’s Republic of China, Email caihy@ydyy.cnPurpose: Luteolin is a promising candidate for diabetic nephropathy due to its potential anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic properties. This study explored the molecular mechanisms through which luteolin combats fibrosis in DN.Methods: Potential targets affected by luteolin and genes associated with DN were collected from databases. Overlapping targets between luteolin and diabetic nephropathy were identified through Venn analysis. A protein-protein interaction network was constructed using these common targets, and critical pathways and targets were elucidated through GO and KEGG analysis. These pathways and targets were confirmed using a streptozotocin-induced mouse model. Luteolin was administered at 45 mg/kg and 90 mg/kg. Various parameters were evaluated, including body weight, blood glucose levels, and histopathological examinations. Protein levels related to energy metabolism, inflammation, and fibrosis were quantified.Results: Fifty-three targets associated with luteolin and 36 genes related to diabetic nephropathy were extracted. The AGE-RAGE signaling pathway was the key pathway impacted by luteolin in diabetic nephropathy. Key molecular targets include TGF-β, IL-1β, and PPARG. Luteolin reduced body weight and blood glucose levels, lowered the left kidney index, and improved insulin and glucose tolerance. Furthermore, luteolin mitigated inflammatory cell infiltration, basement membrane thickening, and collagen deposition in the kidney. Luteolin up-regulated the protein expression of p-AMPKα (Th172) while simultaneously down-regulated the protein expression of p-NF-&kgreen;B (p65), NLRP3, TGF-β 1, α-SMA, and Collagen I.Conclusion: Luteolin mitigated renal fibrosis by alleviating energy metabolism disruptions and inflammation by modulating the AMPK/NLRP3/TGF-β signaling pathway.Keywords: diabetic nephropathy, network pharmacology, inflammation, TGF-β, fibrosis

Published
2024

33. Survival Analysis of Antiretroviral Treatment for PLWH in Sichuan Province, China, 2003-2022: A Large Retrospective Cohort Study

Author

Ye L, Sun X, Li Y, Zeng Y, Zhuoma L, Zhou D, He Q, Wang J, Yang W, Yu H, Yang Y, Liang S, and Yuan D

Subjects
plwh, antiretroviral therapy, survival analysis, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Li Ye,1 Xiwei Sun,2 Yiping Li,1 Yali Zeng,1 Lacuo Zhuoma,1 Dinglun Zhou,2 Qinying He,3 Ju Wang,4 Wei Yang,1 Hang Yu,1 Yihui Yang,1 Shu Liang,1 Dan Yuan1 1Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China; 2West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China; 3Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China; 4Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Liangshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xichang, Sichuan, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Dan Yuan; Shu Liang, Email ydtv1130@163.com; liangshu523@163.comBackground: Sichuan Province was severely affected by the HIV, and there was a scarcity of data regarding the survival time and influencing factors for People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH) in Sichuan Province who have received Antiretroviral Therapy (ART). Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a survival analysis for PLWH receiving ART.Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on PLWH who had received ART≥ 6 months in Sichuan Province from January 1, 2003, to December 31, 2022. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate median survival time and plot survival curves, while a Cox proportional hazards regression model was applied to analyze factors affecting survival time. Bilateral tests were performed, with P≤ 0.05 considered statistically significant.Results: The cumulative survival rates at 1, 3, 5, and 10 years for the 223,386 subjects were 94.54%, 89.07%, 84.82%, and 76.44%, respectively. Multivariate analysis using the Cox regression model indicated lower mortality risks for females (HR=0.59, 95% CI: 0.54– 0.65), homosexual transmission (HR=0.43, 95% CI: 0.33– 0.55), and baseline BMI≥ 24 (HR=0.81, 95% CI: 0.72– 0.90). Higher mortality risks were associated with age≥ 50 years at diagnosis (HR=3.21, 95% CI: 2.94– 3.50), being unmarried or divorced (HR=1.23, 95% CI: 1.11– 1.37), living separately (HR=1.32, 95% CI: 1.22– 1.43), baseline BMI < 18.5 (HR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.13– 1.41), presence of single-drug resistance (HR=1.25, 95% CI: 1.15– 1.36), baseline WHO stage IV (HR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.09– 1.47), and a diagnosis-to-treatment interval > 12 months (HR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.15– 1.41). Compared to those with CD4(+) T cell count of 200– 350cells/μL, 350– 500cells/μL, and > 500cells/μL at baseline, individuals with < 200cells/μL had higher mortality risks (HR=0.73, 95% CI: 0.67– 0.79; HR=0.57, 95% CI: 0.51– 0.64; and HR=0.58, 95% CI: 0.51– 0.66, respectively).Conclusion: The survival rate for PLWH receiving ART in Sichuan Province was relatively high. Male gender, age over 50 at diagnosis, being unmarried, divorced, or living separately, presence of single-drug resistance, low baseline BMI, baseline CD4+ T cell < 200cells/μL, baseline WHO stage IV, and a diagnosis-to-treatment interval > 12 months were risk factors for the survival of PLWH.Keywords: PLWH, antiretroviral therapy, survival analysis

Published
2024

34. Diagnostic Value of Superb Microvascular Imaging of the Rotator Cuff Interval for the Early Diagnosis of Frozen Shoulder

Author

Xu W, Xu J, Zhou Y, Yang W, Huang H, Xue J, and Zhang J

Subjects
adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder, microcirculation, ultrasonography, early diagnosis, predictive value, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Weihua Xu,1 Jiayu Xu,1 Yingying Zhou,1 Weiwei Yang,1 Hui Huang,1 Jun Xue,1 Jing Zhang2 1Ultrasound Medicine Department, Zhabei Central Hospital in Jing’an District, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Ultrasound Medicine Department, Daning Community Health Service Center in Jing’an District, Shanghai, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Weihua Xu, Ultrasound Medicine Department, Zhabei Central Hospital in Jing’an District, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13917752615, Email 835233143@qq.comPurpose: To explore the early diagnostic value of superb microvascular imaging (SMI) features within the rotator cuff gap for frozen shoulder.Patients and Methods: This prospective study enrolled patients with acute early-stage frozen shoulder seeking treatment at Zhabei Central Hospital in Jing’an District, Shanghai, between July 2021 and December 2022 were enrolled in this study. Healthy controls were collected in a 1:1 ratio from the same hospital’s physical examination center. All participants underwent SMI and power Doppler ultrasound (PDUS) of the rotator cuff gap.Results: The study included 79 patients with frozen shoulder and 77 healthy controls. Compared with the healthy control group, the patient group had a higher proportion of hypoechoic rotator cuff gap (81.0% vs 48.1%, P< 0.001), a thicker coracohumeral ligament (2.60± 1.01 vs 2.03± 0.97, P< 0.001), a thicker glenohumeral joint capsule (3.10± 0.99 vs 2.46± 1.17, P< 0.001), and elevated blood grading using SMI (P< 0.001) and PDUS (P=0.014). The highest area under the curve (AUC) was observed for SMI blood flow grading (AUC=0.824, 95% CI: 0.755– 0.880, P< 0.001), resulting in 82% sensitivity and 77% specificity when using a cutoff of 1. SMI blood flow grading was associated with external rotation < 30° (P=0.007) and abduction < 30° (P=0.013) but not with internal rotation < 30° (P=0.630) or flexion < 30° (P=0.562).Conclusion: The grading of SMI blood flow may emerge as a valuable predictive indicator for the early stages of frozen shoulder. This simple ultrasound technique holds the potential to enhance the diagnostic process, enabling early initiation of treatment and potentially improving patient outcomes.Keywords: adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder, microcirculation, ultrasonography, early diagnosis, predictive value

Published
2024

35. J-Shaped Relationship Between Weight-Adjusted-Waist Index and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Hypertensive Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Cohort Study

Author

Zhao J, Cai X, Hu J, Song S, Zhu Q, Shen D, Yang W, Luo Q, Yao X, Zhang D, Hong J, and Li N

Subjects
hypertensive, obstructive sleep apnea, weight-adjusted-waist index, cardiovascular disease, visceral obesity, Specialties of internal medicine, RC581-951
Abstract

Jianwen Zhao,1– 5,&ast; Xintian Cai,1– 5,&ast; Junli Hu,1– 5 Shuaiwei Song,1– 5 Qing Zhu,1– 5 Di Shen,1– 5 Wenbo Yang,1– 5 Qin Luo,1– 5 Xiaoguang Yao,1– 5 Delian Zhang,1– 5 Jing Hong,1– 5 Nanfang Li1– 5 1Hypertension Center of People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830001, People’s Republic of China; 2Xinjiang Hypertension Institute, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830001, People’s Republic of China; 3NHC Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001 People’s Republic of China; 4Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region ”Hypertension Research Laboratory”, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830001, People’s Republic of China; 5Xinjiang Clinical Medical Research Center for Hypertension (Cardio-Cerebrovascular) Diseases, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830001, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Nanfang Li, Hypertension Center of People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, No. 91 Tianchi Road, Urumuqi, Xinjiang, 830001, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 8564818, Email lnanfang2016@sina.comBackground: A newly introduced obesity-related index, the weight-adjusted-waist index (WWI), emerges as a promising predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Given the known synergistic effects of hypertension and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on cardiovascular risk, we aimed to explore the relationship between the WWI and CVD risk specifically within this high-risk cohort.Methods: A total of 2265 participants with hypertension and OSA were included in the study. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CVD events. The restricted cubic spline (RCS) was used to further evaluate the nonlinear dose-response relationship.Results: During a median follow-up period of 6.8 years, 324 participants experienced a CVD event. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that compared to the reference group, the HRs for the second, third, and fourth groups were 1.12 (95% CI, 0.79– 1.59), 1.35 (95% CI, 0.96– 1.89), and 1.58 (95% CI, 1.13– 2.22), respectively. Moreover, RCS analysis illustrated a clear J-shaped relationship between the WWI and CVD risk, particularly notable when WWI exceeded 11.5 cm/, signifying a significant increase in CVD risk.Conclusion: There was a J-shaped relationship between WWI and CVD in hypertensive patients with OSA, especially when the WWI was greater than 11.5 cm/, the risk of CVD was significantly increased.Keywords: hypertensive, obstructive sleep apnea, weight-adjusted-waist index, cardiovascular disease, visceral obesity

Published
2024

36. Effectiveness of Spironolactone in Reducing Osteoporosis and Future Fracture Risk in Middle-Aged and Elderly Hypertensive Patients

Author

Song S, Cai X, Hu J, Zhu Q, Shen D, Ma H, Zhang Y, Ma R, Yang W, Hong J, Zhang D, and Li N

Subjects
hypertensive, spironolactone, aldosterone, osteoporosis, frax score, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Shuaiwei Song,1– 5,&ast; Xintian Cai,1– 5,&ast; Junli Hu,1– 5 Qing Zhu,1– 5 Di Shen,1– 5 Huimin Ma,1– 5 Yingying Zhang,1– 5 Rui Ma,1– 5 Wenbo Yang,1– 5 Jing Hong,1– 5 Delian Zhang,1– 5 Nanfang Li1– 5 1Hypertension Center of People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830001, People’s Republic of China; 2Xinjiang Hypertension Institute, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830001, People’s Republic of China; 3NHC Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830001, People’s Republic of China; 4Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region ”Hypertension Research Laboratory”, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830001, People’s Republic of China; 5Xinjiang Clinical Medical Research Center for Hypertension (Cardio-Cerebrovascular) Diseases, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830001, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Nanfang Li, Hypertension Center of People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, No. 91 Tianchi Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830001, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 8,564,818, Email lnanfang2016@sina.comObjective: While the role of aldosterone in bone metabolism is well established, the specific effects of the widely used aldosterone antagonist, spironolactone, on bone health are not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the effects of spironolactone on osteoporosis and future fracture risk in middle-aged and elderly hypertensive patients, revealing its potential benefits for bone health.Methods: Propensity score matching was employed in this study to create matched groups of spironolactone users and non-users at a 1:4 ratio. We investigated the association between spironolactone use and the risk of osteoporosis using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Furthermore, we conducted multivariate linear regression analysis to explore the relationship between cumulative dosage and the FRAX score. Subgroup analysis was also performed to assess the effects under different stratification conditions.Results: In both pre-match and post-match analyses, multivariable logistic regression revealed a significant reduction in the risk of osteoporosis in the spironolactone usage group (pre-match: odds ratios [OR] 0.406, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.280– 0.588; post-match: OR 0.385, 95% CI, 0.259– 0.571). Furthermore, post-match multivariable linear regression demonstrated a clear negative correlation between cumulative spironolactone dosage and the FRAX score. Subgroup analyses consistently supported these findings.Conclusion: This study offers evidence supporting the significant positive impact of the antihypertensive drug spironolactone on bone health, resulting in a substantial reduction in the risk of osteoporosis and future fractures in hypertensive patients. Future research should consider conducting large-scale, multicenter, randomized controlled trials to further investigate the long-term effects of spironolactone on bone health in hypertensive patients.Keywords: hypertensive, spironolactone, aldosterone, osteoporosis, FRAX score

Published
2024

37. A phase Ib/II dose expansion study of subcutaneous sasanlimab in patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer and urothelial carcinoma.

Author

Cho, B, Penkov, K, Bondarenko, I, Kurochkin, A, Pikiel, J, Ahn, H, Korożan, M, Osipov, M, Odintsova, S, Braiteh, F, Grilley-Olson, J, Lugowska, I, Bonato, V, Damore, M, Yang, W, Jacobs, I, Bowers, M, Li, M, Johnson, M, and Ribas, Antoni

Subjects
PD-1, non-small-cell lung cancer, phase I, sasanlimab, urothelial carcinoma, Humans, B7-H1 Antigen, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung, Carcinoma, Transitional Cell, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, Lung Neoplasms, Urinary Bladder Neoplasms, Adolescent, Adult
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Sasanlimab is an antibody to the programmed cell death protein 1 receptor. We report updated data of subcutaneous sasanlimab in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and urothelial carcinoma dose expansion cohorts from a first-in-human phase Ib/II study. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients were ≥18 years of age with NSCLC or urothelial carcinoma, and no prior immunotherapies, who progressed on or were intolerant to systemic therapy, or for whom systemic therapy was refused or unavailable. Patients received subcutaneous sasanlimab at 300 mg every 4 weeks (q4w). Primary objectives were to evaluate safety, tolerability, and clinical efficacy by objective response rate (ORR). RESULTS: Sixty-eight and 38 patients with NSCLC and urothelial carcinoma, respectively, received subcutaneous sasanlimab. Overall, sasanlimab was well tolerated; 13.2% of patients experienced grade ≥3 treatment-related adverse events. Confirmed ORR was 16.4% and 18.4% in the NSCLC and urothelial carcinoma cohorts, respectively. ORR was generally higher in patients with high programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression (≥25%) and high tumor mutational burden (TMB; >75%). In the NSCLC and urothelial carcinoma cohorts, median progression-free survival (PFS) was 3.7 and 2.9 months, respectively; corresponding median overall survival (OS) was 14.7 and 10.9 months. Overall, longer median PFS and OS correlated with high PD-L1 expression and high TMB. Longer median PFS and OS were also associated with T-cell inflamed gene signature in the urothelial carcinoma cohort. CONCLUSIONS: Subcutaneous sasanlimab at 300 mg q4w was well tolerated with promising clinical efficacy observed. Phase II and III clinical trials of sasanlimab are ongoing to validate clinical benefit. Subcutaneous sasanlimab may be a potential treatment option for patients with NSCLC or urothelial carcinoma.

Published
2023

38. A monitoring campaign (2013-2020) of ESA's Mars Express to study interplanetary plasma scintillation

Author

Kummamuru, P., Calvés, G. Molera, Cimò, G., Pogrebenko, S. V., Bocanegra-Bahamón, T. M., Duev, D. A., Said, M. D. Md, Edwards, J., Ma, M., Quick, J., Neidhardt, A., de Vicente, P., Haas, R., Kallunki, J., Maccaferri, 1 G., Colucci, G., Yang, W. J., Hao, L. F., Weston, S., Kharinov, M. A., Mikhailov, A. G., and Jung, T.

Subjects
Physics - Space Physics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

The radio signal transmitted by the Mars Express (MEX) spacecraft was observed regularly between the years 2013-2020 at X-band (8.42 GHz) using the European Very Long Baseline Interferometry (EVN) network and University of Tasmania's telescopes. We present a method to describe the solar wind parameters by quantifying the effects of plasma on our radio signal. In doing so, we identify all the uncompensated effects on the radio signal and see which coronal processes drive them. From a technical standpoint, quantifying the effect of the plasma on the radio signal helps phase referencing for precision spacecraft tracking. The phase fluctuation of the signal was determined for Mars' orbit for solar elongation angles from 0 - 180 deg. The calculated phase residuals allow determination of the phase power spectrum. The total electron content (TEC) of the solar plasma along the line of sight is calculated by removing effects from mechanical and ionospheric noises. The spectral index was determined as $-2.43 \pm 0.11$ which is in agreement with Kolomogorov's turbulence. The theoretical models are consistent with observations at lower solar elongations however at higher solar elongation ($>$160 deg) we see the observed values to be higher. This can be caused when the uplink and downlink signals are positively correlated as a result of passing through identical plasma sheets., Comment: The paper has 13 figures and one table. It has been accepted for publication in PASA and the article will receive its DOI in a week's time

Published
2023
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39. Momentum-independent magnetic excitation continuum in the honeycomb iridate H$_3$LiIr$_2$O$_6$

Author

de la Torre, A., Zager, B., Bahrami, F., Upton, M. H., Kim, J., Fabbris, G., Lee, G. -H., Yang, W., Haskel, D., Tafti, F., and Plumb, K. W.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

In the search for realizations of Quantum Spin Liquids (QSL), it is essential to understand the interplay between inherent disorder and the correlated fluctuating spin ground state. H$_3$LiIr$_2$O$_6$ is regarded as a spin liquid proximate to the Kitaev-limit (KQSL) in which H zero-point motion and stacking faults are known to be present. Bond disorder has been invoked to account for the existence of unexpected low-energy spin excitations. Controversy remains about the nature of the underlying correlated state and if any KQSL physics survives. Here, we use resonant X-ray spectroscopies to map the collective excitations in H$_3$LiIr$_2$O$_6$ and characterize its magnetic state. We uncover a broad bandwidth and momentum-independent continuum of magnetic excitations at low temperatures that are distinct from the paramagnetic state. The center energy and high-energy tail of the continuum are consistent with expectations for dominant ferromagnetic Kitaev interactions between dynamically fluctuating spins. The absence of a momentum dependence to these excitations indicates a broken translational invariance. Our data support an interpretation of H$_3$LiIr$_2$O$_6$ as a disordered topological spin liquid in close proximity to bond-disordered versions of the KQSL. Our results shed light on how random disorder affects topological magnetic states and have implications for future experimental and theoretical works toward realizing the Kitaev model in condensed matter systems

Published
2023
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40. The Effelsberg survey of FU Orionis and EX Lupi objects I. -- Host environments of FUors/EXors traced by NH$_3$

Author

Szabó, Zs. M., Gong, Y., Menten, K. M., Yang, W., Cyganowski, C. J., Kóspál, Á., Ábrahám, P., Belloche, A., and Wyrowski, F.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

FU Orionis (FUor) and EX Lupi (EXor) type objects represent two small, but rather spectacular groups of low-mass, young eruptive stars. Outbursts of several magnitudes are observed, attributed to enhanced accretion from the circumstellar disk onto the central protostar. The host molecular environments of FUors/EXors are poorly explored due to the scarcity of systematic molecular line observations. We carried out the first dedicated survey of the molecular environments of a large sample of FUors/EXors, observing a total of 51 sources with the aim of studying the ammonia (NH$_3$) emission in their host environments. We observed the ammonia (J,K)=(1,1), (2,2), and (3,3) inversion transitions using the Effelsberg 100-m radio telescope. We derived H$_2$ column densities and dust temperatures using archival Herschel SPIRE data. We detected the (1,1) transition toward 28 sources and the (2,2) transition toward 12 sources, while the (3,3) transition was detected toward only two sources. We find kinetic temperatures between ~12 K and 21 K, ammonia column densities from $5.2\times10^{13}\,cm^{-2}$ to $3.2\times10^{15}\,cm^{-2}$, and fractional ammonia abundances with respect to H$_{2}$ from $4.7\times10^{-9}$ to $1.5\times10^{-7}$. The results are comparable to those found in infrared dark clouds (IRDCs). Kinetic analysis suggests that most of the eruptive stars in our sample reside in rather quiescent (sonic or transonic) host environments. Our NH$_3$ observations and analysis of the SPIRE dust-based H$_2$ column density maps confirm the presence of dense material toward 7 sources in our sample; additional sources might also harbour dense gas based on their NH$_2$ (2,2) detections, might indicate an earlier phase than originally classified. Based on our results, we suggest observations targeting additional molecular lines would help to refine the evolutionary classification of eruptive stars., Comment: 20 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in A&A

Published
2023
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41. Effects of Grain Size on Deformation Inhomogeneity of Hot-Deformed AA7075

Author

Su, B. Y., Guo, N., Tang, B. T., Yang, W. X., Liu, G. Q., Liu, Z., Chaari, Fakher, Series Editor, Gherardini, Francesco, Series Editor, Ivanov, Vitalii, Series Editor, Haddar, Mohamed, Series Editor, Cavas-Martínez, Francisco, Editorial Board Member, di Mare, Francesca, Editorial Board Member, Kwon, Young W., Editorial Board Member, Trojanowska, Justyna, Editorial Board Member, Xu, Jinyang, Editorial Board Member, Mocellin, Katia, editor, Bouchard, Pierre-Olivier, editor, Bigot, Régis, editor, and Balan, Tudor, editor

Published
2024
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42. Semi-inclusive deeply inelastic neutrino and antineutrino nucleus scattering

Author

Yang, X. and Yang, W.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

The (anti)neutrino nucleus scattering plays a very important role in probing the hadronic structure as well as the electroweak phenomenologies. To this end, we calculate the jet production semi-inclusive deeply inelastic (anti)neutrino nucleus scattering process. The initial (anti)neutrino is assumed to be scattered off by a target particle with spin 1. Due to the limitation of the factorization theorem, calculations are carried out in the quantum chromodynamics parton model framework up to tree level twist-3. We consider both the neutral current and the charged current processes and write them into a unified form due to the similar interaction forms. Considering the angular modulations and polarizations of the cross section, we calculate the complete azimuthal asymmetries. We also calculate the intrinsic asymmetries which reveal the imbalance in the distribution of the intrinsic transverse momentum of the quark. We find that these asymmetries can be expressed in terms of the transverse momentum-dependent parton distribution functions (TMD PDFs) and the electroweak couplings. With the determined couplings, these asymmetries can be used to extract the TMD PDFs and further to study the hadronic structures., Comment: 8 figures

Published
2022
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43. Nonlinear nanomechanical resonators approaching the quantum ground state

Author

Samanta, C., De Bonis, S. L., Møller, C. B., Tormo-Queralt, R., Yang, W., Urgell, C., Stamenic, B., Thibeault, B., Jin, Y., Czaplewski, D. A., Pistolesi, F., and Bachtold, A.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

An open question in mechanics is whether mechanical resonators can be made nonlinear with vibrations approaching the quantum ground state. This requires engineering a mechanical nonlinearity far beyond what has been realized thus far. Here we discovered a mechanism to boost the Duffing nonlinearity by coupling the vibrations of a nanotube resonator to single-electron tunneling and by operating the system in the ultrastrong coupling regime. Remarkably, thermal vibrations become highly nonlinear when lowering the temperature. The average vibration amplitude at the lowest temperature is 13 times the zero-point motion, with approximately 42% of the thermal energy stored in the anharmonic part of the potential. Our work paves the way for realizing mechanical Schrodinger cat states [1], mechanical qubits [2, 3], and quantum simulators emulating the electron-phonon coupling [4].

Published
2022
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44. The hadron pair forward-backward asymmetry in the electron positron annihilation process

Author

Yang, W. and Li, C.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

The forward-backward asymmetry is an important measurable quantity which can enable independent determination of the neutral-current couplings of fermions. In this paper, we extend the definition of the asymmetry from the partonic level to the hadronic level by calculating this asymmetry of the hadron pair in the semi-inclusive electron position annihilation process. Semi-inclusive implies that a back-to-back jet is also measured in addition to the hadron pair. Due to the limitation of the factorization theorem, we calculate this process up to leading order twist-4 level by applying the collinear expansion formalism. After obtaining the differential cross section, we calculate the forward-backward asymmetries and show them in terms of the corresponding di-hadron fragmentation functions. Di-hadron fragmentation functions are introduced to describe the hadron pair productions in the fragmentation process. With available parameterization of the functions, we present a numerical estimation of the forward-backward asymmetry. On the flip side, measurements of the forward-backward asymmetry would give strict restrictions of parameterizations of the di-hadron fragmentation functions. We also present a numerical estimation of the twist-4 di-hadron fragmentation functions in order to illustrate their contributions., Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2205.04068

Published
2022
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45. Detection of a quasi-periodic oscillation at $\sim$40 mHz in Cen X-3 with Insight-HXMT

Author

Liu, Q., Wang, W., Chen, X., Yang, W., Lu, F. J., Song, L. M., Qu, J. L., Zhang, S., and Zhang, S. N.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

We investigated the quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) features in the accretion-powered X-ray pulsar Cen X-3 observed by Insight-HXMT. For two observations in 2020 when Cen X-3 was in an extremely soft state, the power density spectrum revealed the presence of obvious QPO features at $\sim$40 mHz with an averaged fractional rms amplitude of $\sim9\%$. We study the mHz QPO frequency and rms amplitude over orbital phases, and find that the QPO frequency is $\sim$33-39 mHz at the orbital phase of 0.1-0.4, increasing to $\sim$37-43 mHz in the orbital phase of 0.4-0.8, but has no strong dependence on X-ray intensity. We also carried out an energy-dependent QPO analysis, the rms amplitude of the mHz QPOs have a decreasing trend as the energy increases from 2 to 20 keV. In addition, the QPO time-lag analysis shows that the time delay is $\sim 20$ ms (a hard lag) in the range of $\sim$5-10 keV, and becomes negative (time lag of $-(20-70)$ ms) above $\sim 10$ keV. The different QPO theoretical models are summarized and discussed. In the end, we suggest that these energy-dependent timing features as well as the origin of mHz QPOs in Cen X-3 may be ascribed to an instability when the accretion disk is truncated near the corotation radius., Comment: 9 pages, MNRAS in press

Published
2022
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48. A Diagnostic Nomogram for Predicting Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure in Patients with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Author

Zhou Z, Wang Y, Yang B, Xu C, Wang S, and Yang W

Subjects
acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypercapnic respiratory failure, nomogram, prediction model, Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Zihan Zhou,1,2,&ast; Yuhui Wang,2,3,&ast; Yongsheng Wang,1,2 Bo Yang,4 Chuchu Xu,1,2 Shuqin Wang,1,2 Wanchun Yang1,2 1Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, Anhui, 230011, People’s Republic of China; 2The Fifth Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Cardiology, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, Anhui, 230011, People’s Republic of China; 4Affiliated Hospital of West Anhui Health Vocational College, The Second People’s Hospital of Lu’an City, Lu’an, 237005, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Wanchun Yang, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, Anhui, 230011, People’s Republic of China, Email hfey2023@163.comPurpose: To develop and validate a nomogram for assessing the risk of developing hypercapnic respiratory failure (HRF) in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD).Patients and Methods: From January 2019 to August 2023, a total of 334 AECOPD patients were enrolled in this research. We employed the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression and multivariate logistic regression to determine independent predictors and develop a nomogram. This nomogram was appraised by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), calibration curve, Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test (HL test), decision curve analysis (DCA), and clinical impact curve (CIC). The enhanced bootstrap method was used for internal validation.Results: Sex, prognostic nutritional index (PNI), hematocrit (HCT), and activities of daily living (ADL) were independent predictors of HRF in AECOPD patients. The developed nomogram based on the above predictors showed good performance. The AUCs for the training, internal, and external validation cohorts were 0.841, 0.884, and 0.852, respectively. The calibration curves and HL test showed excellent concordance. The DCA and CIC showed excellent clinical usefulness. Finally, a dynamic nomogram was developed (https://a18895635453.shinyapps.io/dynnomapp/).Conclusion: This nomogram based on sex, PNI, HCT, and ADL demonstrated high accuracy and clinical value in predicting HRF. It is a less expensive and more accessible approach to assess the risk of developing HRF in AECOPD patients, which is more suitable for primary hospitals, especially in developing countries with high COPD-related morbidity and mortality.Keywords: acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypercapnic respiratory failure, nomogram, prediction model

Published
2024

49. A Food Poisoning Caused by Salmonella Enterica (S. Enteritidis) ST11 Carrying Multi-Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in 2019, China

Author

Zhang Z, Li B, Huang H, Fang Y, and Yang W

Subjects
salmonella food poisoning, sequence type 11, whole-genome sequencing, antimicrobial resistance, multi-locus sequence typing., Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Zhiyi Zhang,1,2,&ast; Baisheng Li,3,4,&ast; Huitao Huang,5 Yanmei Fang,5 Wenqiang Yang5 1School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, People’s Republic of China; 3Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 4Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 5Institute of Microbiology, Zhuhai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Wenqiang Yang, Zhuhai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhuhai, 519000, People’s Republic of China, Email 917461182@qq.comPurpose: This study was to identify and analyze the pathogen responsible for food poisoning in a tourist group traveling from Macao to Zhuhai.Patients and Methods: Samples were obtained from 27 patients of 96 cases, as well as samples of contaminated food in Macau. The collected samples were subjected to serological identification, drug sensitivity analysis, drug resistance gene identification, virulence factor analysis, and tracing.Results: Twenty-six isolates and the salad isolate were S. enteritidis ST11. Isolates from patients were exhibited significant resistance to Penicillin AMP (Ampicillin) and quinolones NAL (Nalidixic acid). Among these isolates, 21 strains were resistant to two or more antibiotics, indicating the multi-drug resistance (MDR). Genomic characteristics and phylogenetic analysis were performed on 9 of the isolates using whole genome sequencing (WGS). The analysis revealed that the resistance to AMP and NAL was primarily caused by a gryA mutation D87Y (9/9, 100%), and the presence of beta-lactam resistance genes blaOXA-1 (1/9, 11.11%), blaTEM-141 (1/9, 11.11%), and blaTEM-1B (8/9, 88.89%). It was also found a strains isolated from patients had two resistance genes to quinolones or beta-lactam drugs (1/8, 12.5%), respectively. The strains were found to possess 165 virulence genes, one adherence class virulence factor, one invasion class virulence factor and various pathogenicity islands, including SPI-1, SPI-2, SPI-3, SPI-4, SPI-5, SPI-9, SPI-10, SPI-13, SPI-14, SPI-15, SGI 1, CS54_island, and C63PI-1. Additionally, the virulence plasmids were detected, including IncFIB(s)-IncFII(s)-IncX1 (55.56%), IncFIB(s)-IncFII(s) (33.33%), and IncFIB(s)-IncFII(s)-IncHI2-IncHI2A (11.11%). PFGE (Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis) and phylogenetic tree analysis revealed a high degree of similarity between Salmonella isolates from patients and food samples from Macao.Conclusion: This study identified Salmonella enterica ST11 as the cause of the food poisoning outbreak. The findings highlight the importance of phenotypic characterization and next-generation sequencing (NGS) tools in epidemiological studies and emphasize the potential risk of a new emerging multi-antibiotic ST11 clone for S. enteritidis.Keywords: salmonella food poisoning, sequence type 11, whole-genome sequencing, antimicrobial resistance, multi-locus sequence typing

Published
2024

50. The Status and Influencing Factors of COVID-19 Vaccination for 3–7-Year-Old Children Born Prematurely

Author

Shi J, Zhao F, Yang W, Zhu Y, Wang M, and Yi B

Subjects
covid-19 vaccine, vaccination willingness, children born prematurely, influencing factors, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Jingyun Shi,1,&ast; Fangping Zhao,1,&ast; Wanyin Yang,2 Yuru Zhu,1 Min Wang,1 Bin Yi1 1Department of NICU, Gansu Provincial Maternal and Child Care Hospital (Gansu Provincial Central Hospital), Lanzhou City, Gansu, 730050, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of NICU, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou City, Gansu, 730050, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Min Wang; Bin Yi, Department of NICU, Gansu Provincial Maternal and Child care Hospital (Gansu Provincial Central Hospital), No. 143 of Qilihe North Street, Qilihe District, Lanzhou, 730050, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13919819662, Email wangmin_wm23@126.com; yibin_bin001@tom.comObjective: To explore the status and influencing factors of COVID-19 vaccination for 3– 7-year-old children born prematurely.Methods: A questionnaire was administered to parents of preterm infants born between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2019 in Gansu Maternal and Child Health Hospital using convenience sampling.Results: It was found that 96.81% of 282 parents had known about COVID-19 vaccines and acquired COVID-19- and vaccine-related knowledge primarily through WeChat (104/282, 36.88%) and TikTok (91/282, 32.27%). Most parents of the group whose children were vaccinated with a COVID-19 vaccine believed that this approach was effective in preventing COVID-19 (49.75%), whereas most parents of the group whose children were not vaccinated were worried about the adverse reaction and safety of the vaccine (45.88%). According to the regression analysis, the risk factors of children born prematurely receiving a COVID-19 vaccine were no vaccination against COVID-19 in the mothers (odds ratio [OR]=48.489, 95% CI: 6.524– 360.406) and in younger children (OR=12.157, 95% CI: 6.388– 23.139). Previous history of referral (OR=0.229, 95% CI: 0.057– 0.920), history of diseases (OR=0.130, 95% CI: 0.034– 0.503) and high educational level of guardians (OR=0.142, 95% CI: 0.112– 0.557) were protective factors for children born prematurely to receive COVID-19 vaccination.Conclusion: There is a relatively high proportion of children born prematurely receiving COVID-19 vaccination, but some people still have concerns. Publicity in the later stage can be conducted through WeChat, TikTok and other social media platforms, with special attention paid to the populations with lower education levels.Keywords: COVID-19 vaccine, vaccination willingness, children born prematurely, influencing factors

Published
2024

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