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This paper analyzes the thermodynamic second law analysis of mixed convection heat transfer of Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC)-water based viscoelastic hybrid nanofluid flow in a vertical parallel plate channel filled with porous medium. In mixed convection flow, where both buoyancy and viscous forces play significant roles in the flow behavior, the inclusion of viscous dissipation in the analysis is crucial. The governing equations of the problem are converted into a system of ordinary differential equations using appropriate similarity transformations, which are then solved by the Homotopy Analysis Method (HAM). The behavior of non-dimensional velocity, temperature, skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number, entropy generation and Bejan number profiles for a range of pertinent flow parameter values is displayed graphically and deliberated. Study reveals that a decrease in the dominance of viscous forces relative to inertial forces within the porous medium lowers entropy generation in the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mathematical modeling of biological fluids holds paramount importance, given its diverse applications in the medical field. Understanding the peristaltic mechanism is crucial for gaining insights into various biological flows. This study focuses on numerically estimating the double-diffusive peristaltic flow of a non-Newtonian six constant Jefferys nanofluid within an irregular medium. The investigation considers the influences of nonlinear thermal emission, viscous dissolution, and induced magnetization, incorporating multiple slip conditions. The Buongiorno model is employed to underscore key features related to thermophoresis and Brownian diffusion coefficients. The convection of double diffusivity is elucidated through the Soret and Dufour variables. Lubrication technique is employed for mathematical simulation, and the resulting nonlinear coupled system of differential equations is solved numerically through the Mathematica program's built-in command (ND Solve function). The graphical representation of the impact of crucial flow variables, such as nanoparticle volume proportion, pressure gradient, solute density, temperature, pressure fluctuation per wavelength, and velocity distribution, provides valuable insight. The findings of the current study show that an increase in the Prandtl number and thermophoresis parameter leads to the expansion of thermal curves. Moreover, it is also noted that rising heat frequencies of radiation cause the concentration of nanoparticles to increase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we investigate the Bödewadt boundary layer flow of ferrous oxide-based electrically non-conducting Nanofluid considering the influence of thermal radiation and viscous dissipation over a permeable disc with slip conditions. Here, viscosity is taken as a function of temperature and depth. The equation of energy incorporates the radiative heat flux as described by the Rosseland approximation. The Von Kármán Model alters the constitutive nonlinear coupled partial differential equations of motion, which include slip boundary conditions. The final system of equations in PDE is solved computationally using a shooting approach in MATLAB with ode45, and the results are elucidated, through graphs and tables. The effects of all the above-considered physical entities including the geothermal viscosity on the velocity profile and temperature distribution over the disc are examined. An exhaustive analysis of all the above-investigated results is presented for the record. It is observed that the geothermal viscosity with considered boundary conditions retards the motion of the fluid causing decay in the net molecular movement and the thermal diffusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper investigates a two-dimensional couple stress flow of hybrid nanofluid (HN) over a nonlinear stretching surface with heat transfer analysis. HNs are well-known for their exceptional heat transfer properties compared to conventional fluids. The mathematical modeling of the problem involves the formulation of basic governing equations, namely, continuity, momentum and energy equations. To simplify the analysis, a similarity transformation technique is employed to convert the dimensional NLPDEs into dimensionless NODEs. Subsequently, the obtained governing equations are analytically solved using the HAM. The investigation explores the impact of several parameters, including magnetic field inclination, slip parameter, couple stress parameter, nanoparticle volume fraction, nonlinear stretching parameter, EN, thermophoresis parameter and PN. This study presents graphical representations of temperature and velocity distribution to visualize the effects of these parameters on the HN flow. Furthermore, different graphs and tables are employed to explain the impact of the factors on SF and NN. Notably, the results indicate that the HN exhibits significantly enhanced heat transfer properties over the base fluid, particularly under the influence of an inclined magnetic field. This research is expected to contribute to the advancement of the field of condensed nanostructure and nanomaterials, opening new avenues for further exploration in heat transfer enhancement applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The magnetohydrodynamic (MHD), forced convective, rotating flow of nanofluid is investigated induced by eccentric rotations of a unsteady stretching porous disk and that of the fluid at infinity. The fluid is assumed to be incompressible, viscous, and electrically conductible. The disk and fluid away from the disk rotate about non-coincident axes at the same angular velocity. The forced convection is due to the temperature gradient between the uniform temperatures of the disk and that of the fluid far away from the disk. Consideration of the Joule heating as well as viscous dissipation have been taken into account. Nanofluids based on copper, alumina, and titania have also been assumed. Exact solution has been carried out for the velocity field. Numerical solution, on the other hand, is obtained using Crank–Nicolson algorithm for the temperature profiles. Several physical aspects of the investigation are discussed and explained by means of dimensionless parameters, Prandtl number Pr, Eckert number Ec, porosity parameter S, magnetic parameter M 2 and unsteady stretching parameter. With increasing nanoparticle volume fraction, the velocity profile is reduced, while the thickness of the boundary layer upsurges. As the unsteady parameter C gets higher values, the velocity profile enhanced whereas the temperature profile gets weaker. Fluid temperature decreases as suction parameter S raises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The hybrid nanofluid (HNF) flow consists of polymer/CNT matrix nanocomposite material (MNC) across coaxial cylinders is numerically described in this study. The HNF flow is inspected under the consequences of thermal radiation, exponential heat source/sink and viscous dissipation. The HNF is prepared by adding polymer/CNT MNC in water. MNCs are highly productive elements with unique designs and properties. The MNCs are widely used in biomedicine and electrical applications due to their exceptional thermophysical properties. Based on their exceptionally high electrical conductivity, CNT/polymer nanoparticles (NPs) are also utilized as shielding for electrostatic discharge and electromagnetic interference (EMI). The HNF flow is modeled with the help of energy, continuity, and momentum equations. MATLAB package bvp4c is used to numerically handle the modeled equations. It has been perceived that the intensifying numbers of polymer/CNT MNC will lessen the fluid velocity and temperature profile in cases of both nanofluid and HNF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current research deals with analytical analysis of Marangoni convection on ethylene glycol base hybrid nanofluid two-dimension flow with viscous dissipation through a porous medium, which have some important application in mechanical, civil, electronics, and chemical engineering. Two types of nanoparticles one is sliver and other is graphene oxide and ethylene glycol is used as base fluid in this research work. The authors applied appropriate transformations to convert a collection of dimension form of nonlinear partial differential equations to dimensionless form of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The transformed nonlinear ordinary differential equations are solved with the help of an approximate analytical method known as the homotopy analysis method. The effects of various parameters, including nanoparticle volume fraction, porosity parameter, Marangoni convection, and Eckert number, on energy and momentum profiles are analyzed, with the results illustrated using graphs. A physical explanation is provided to simulate and evaluate the behavior of nanofluid structures, such as temperature and velocity, in response to changes in these influencing factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates how thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, double-diffusive convection, and slip boundaries collectively affect the peristaltic movement of a magneto-pseudoplastic nanofluid within a uniform channel. The inclusion of slip boundary conditions at the channel walls helps to accurately represent the flow behavior of the nanofluid near these boundaries. The magneto-pseudoplastic nanofluid exhibits peculiar rheological features to flow dynamics due to pseudoplastic characteristics of nanoparticles in its composition and exposure to magnetic force. The mathematical formulation of motion equations is done through appropriate technique combining the properties of heat radiation, magnetic flux, double diffusion convection, and rheological features. The equation is further simplified by suitable method. The current study aims to evaluate the peristaltic movement under influence of slip boundaries characteristics, sort of concentration, heat radioactivity, flux properties, and temperature profile. Moreover, it will assess the flow dynamics with ratio of mass and heat exchange under the effect of critical parameters which include Prandtl number, Grashof number, slip limitations, and Hartmann number. So, the research will widen the theoretical underpinning of complex fluid transportation of magneto-pseudoplastic nanofluids under peristaltic flux and explicate the practical outcomes in terms of slip boundary settings in such systems. The results and conclusions are imperative for restructuring and devising biomedicine engineering, microfluidic equipment and gadgets, manufacturing techniques for complex fluid with peristaltic flow under the influence of slip limitations and magnetic force. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this analysis, the collective effects of rotation, viscous dissipation and vertical throughflow on the onset of convective movement in Jeffrey fluid saturated permeable layer is studied. The improved Darcy model is applied to depict the rheological performance of Jeffrey fluid flow in porous medium. The approximate analytical solution with overall error 0.4 % and numerical solution accurate to one decimal place are presented using the Galerkin process. The analysis reveals that the convective motion concentrates in the top layer if it occurred with sufficiently high value of the Darcy–Eckert number. The rotation factor and the Péclet number postponement the onset of convective drive while, the Gebhart number quicken it weakly. In the occurrence of rotation, the Jeffrey factor displays dual impact on the coming of convective movement. The magnitude of the convection cell declines with increasing the rotation factor, the Jeffrey factor and the Péclet number, while it decreases with enhancing the Gebhart number. It is also found that in the lack of rotation, the Jeffrey factor has no impression on the extent of the convective cell, whereas in the nonexistence of the Péclet number, the Gebhart number has no impact on the arrival of convective drive as well as on the magnitude of the convective cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the effects of velocity slip and power-law nanofluid flow on tetrahybrid nanofluids across a stretching sheet. Tetrahybrid nanofluids, which combine four distinct nanoparticles Ag, S i O 2 , CuO, and ZnO with engine oil as the base fluid, are investigated for their potential to enhance thermal performance. Engine oil plays a critical role in reducing friction and wear in mechanical systems by forming a protective layer on components such as cylinders, pistons, and bearings. Using MATLAB’s bvp4c, the study solves a set of ordinary differential equations derived from boundary layer equations, applying appropriate similarity transformations. It is observed that two unique velocity profiles intersect at a specific location, which shifts away from the stretching sheet as the velocity slip parameter increases. The findings indicate that tetrahybrid nanofluids offer superior heat transfer rates compared to standard nanofluids, showing improvements of 7.43, 6.27, and 5.35% over hybrid and tri-hybrid nanofluids, respectively. This study provides graphical representations of how various parameters, including the Prandtl number, power-law index, slip parameter, magnetic field parameter, and Reynolds number, affect temperature and velocity profiles. It is revealed that increasing the value of the solid volume fraction causes the tetrahybrid nanofluid velocity to decrease and its temperature to rise. The innovation of this work lies in its detailed examination of tetrahybrid nanofluids, extending beyond earlier research on simpler nanofluids and offering valuable insights for advanced thermal management solutions.Article highlights: Increasing nanoparticle volume fraction thickens and densifies the nanofluid layer, raising resistance to flow The tetrahybrid nanofluid’s temperature rises as nanoparticles enhance thermal conductivity and heat transfer capacity. The tetrahybrid nanofluid’s temperature rises as nanoparticles enhance thermal conductivity and heat transfer capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on flow structures and thermal fields of the Carreau–Yasuda (CY) nanofluid model through a two-dimensional, wavy, complicated vertical asymmetrical conduit filled with porous elements. Formulations of the viscous dissipation in the case of CY nanofluids are derived and nonlinear radiation flux as well as joule heating are examined. Buongiorno's nanofluid approach, which involves Brownian motion and thermophoresis aspects is considered. The electrical conductivity of the suspension is considered as a variable where it depends upon the ambient temperature and concentration distributions and the Joule heating impacts are not neglected. The approach of solving the problem is contingent upon converting the system to dimensionless form then the lubrication approach with low magnetic Reynold numbers is applied. Numerical solutions are found for the resultant system, and wide ranges are considered for Weissenberg number We, non-Newtonian parameter n and Darcy number D a , namely, 0 ≤ We ≤ 2 , − 0. 5 ≤ n ≤ 1. 5 and 0 ≤ D a ≤ 1. 6 , respectively. The major results indicated that gradients of the pressure are higher in case of shear thickening (n > 1) comparing to in the instance of shear thinning (n < 1). Also, the velocity is enhanced, close to the channel's lowest portion, as the Weissenberg number is growing. The variable electrical conductivity gives a higher mass transfer rate compared to the constant property. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study is to numerically investigate and compare the characteristics of two distinct hybrid nanofluids EG-MoS2-SiO2 and H2O-Cu-Al2O3 flowing steadily over a channel created by two non-parallel absorbent porous walls. Further, the considered fluid flow is under the influence of exponential space-based heat source, viscous dissipation, Joule heating, radiation, and external magnetic field. The nonlinear partial differential equations and subjecting boundary conditions of the flow are transformed into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations through suitable similarity transformations and are solved by combining the shooting technique with the traditional Runge–Kutta method. The consequential results are produced utilizing MATLAB software. The comparisons of the velocity profiles, temperature profiles, surface drag, and Nusselt number for both hybrid nanofluids are illustrated as graphs. The findings indicate that H2O-Cu-Al2O3 exhibits better velocity profiles, EG-MoS2-SiO2 displays enhanced temperature profiles, while H2O-Cu-Al2O3 has improved skin friction and Nusselt number. It is noteworthy to mention that numerous industries, including manufacturing, power generation, chemical processes, microelectronics, and transportation, depend on improving heat transfer coefficients. Hence, the significance and novelty of this work lie in the evaluation of optimization and sensitivity analysis of the EG-MoS2-SiO2 hybrid nanofluid to enhance heat transmission using Response Surface Methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our focus here is on examining the behavior of a boundary layer that regulates the movement of a non-Newtonian fluid undergoing a chemical reaction on a radiative paraboloid surface. This includes studying the fluid’s movement, temperature, and mass transfer. The fluid being studied pertains to the Williamson fluid model, which is described as a type of extended Newtonian fluid. We have considered the effects of Joule heating and dissipation through viscous phenomena based on the rules of heat and mass movement. The equations in the mathematical structure of partial differential equations (PDEs) governing the fluid continue to flow model in the problem. A subsequent evolution of these equations into ODEs by incorporating similarity variables. The velocity field’s schematic behavior is attributable to the magnetic parameter, thickness parameter, and the Weissenberg number, which exhibit velocity profile decline. In this research, both thermal radiation and Eckert number are highlighted, and it is concluded that both of these variables substantially raise the temperature field. We continue to track the concentration-reducing chemical reaction characteristic that remains tracked along with concentration transfer. Furthermore, the study includes a comprehensive presentation of comparative analyses with previously published scholarly works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims at developing non-similar solutions for heat transfer augmentation in ternary hybrid nanofluids. Nanofluid is composed of three distinct (Silver, Copper, Aluminum oxide) nanosize particles while water is considered as a base fluid. Darcy–Forchheimer expression with variable porosity and permeability is adopted. Joule heating and viscous dissipations are also considered. Non-similar approach is utilized. Numerical solutions are computed by bvp4c solver of MATLAB. Graphical illustrations for flow and thermal fields behavior are provided. Comparative results are obtained for ternary hybrid nanofluid and nanoliquid. Physical quantities such as skin drag coefficient and Nusselt number are computed and interpreted. Our results reveal that rate of heat transfer augments substantially for Ag/water nanofluid in comparison to other classes of nanofluid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]