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Photographing Natural History is about photographing organisms in their natural habitats doing their daily and/or seasonal activities. This article is about photographing burrowing owls, Athene cunicularia, small, long-legged terrestrial, diurnal [...]

Dragon Boat Races are the main attraction at the Dragon Boat Festival or Duan wu Jie which is traditionally observed on the 5th day of the 5th month of the [...]

The inclusion of recovery animals in nonclinical safety studies that support clinical trials is undertaken with a wide diversity of approaches even while operating under harmonized regulatory guidance. While empirical evaluation of reversibility may enhance the overall nonclinical risk assessment, there are often overlooked opportunities to reduce recovery animal use by leveraging robust scientific and regulatory information. In the past, there were several attempts to benchmark recovery practices; however, recommendations have not been consistently applied across the pharmaceutical industry. A working group (WG) sponsored by the 3Rs Translational and Predictive Sciences Leadership Group of the IQ Consortium conducted a survey of current industry practice related to the evaluation of reversibility/recovery in repeat dose toxicity studies. Discussion among the WG representatives included member company strategies and case studies that highlight challenges and opportunities for continuous refinements in the use of recovery animals. The case studies presented in this paper demonstrate increasing alignment with the Society of Toxicologic Pathology recommendations (2013) towards (1) excluding recovery phase cohorts by default (include only when scientifically justified), (2) minimizing the number of recovery groups (e.g., control and one dose level), and (3) excluding controls in the recovery cohort by leveraging external and/or dosing phase data. Recovery group exclusion and decisions regarding the timing of reversibility evaluation may be driven by indication, modality, and/or other scientific or strategic factors using a weight of evidence approach. The results and recommendations discussed present opportunities to further decrease animal use without impacting the quality of human risk assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MICHELLE'S STORY On August 5, 2019, Michelle, a long time patient of the University of Minnesota (UMN) Physicians Broadway Family Medicine (BFM) clinic, came in for an appointment soon after [...], Family medicine covers all ages and specializes in chronic disease management as well as acute care medicine. As the health of the population continues to grow in complexity, treating patients appropriately and efficiently is imperative to improving health outcomes and managing health care costs. Family medicine physicians are uniquely poised to provide this type of care. A patient story plus a look at the patients seen over the course of a day within a family medicine residency clinic explores the complexity of care and the ability of family medicine physicians to provide the necessary care. Taking a close look at who comes through our door on a particular day highlights 3 points: primary care physicians are seeing patients with an increasing complexity of needs, our society is witnessing an extreme increase in patients suffering with mental health problems and substance use disorders, and addressing social determinants of health must be part of the solution. Key words: delivery of health care; patient-centered care.

It would not be unusual if some or perhaps many of you had an emotional reaction to the word 'Tattoo' in the title of this article. Tattoos are still, to [...]

Abstract: Expansion of red fox (Vulpes vulpes (L., 1758)) into new arctic habitat and the potential for competition with arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus (L., 1758)) are of considerable conservation concern. [...]