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Objective Our understanding of architecture-controlled oil-bearing heterogeneity shown in tight sandstone reservoirs is hindered by scarcity of large-scale oil-bearing outcrops. Triassic lacustrine delta and fluvial succession exposed in a quarry near Angou village （Yanchang county, northern Shannxi province） is an analog for buried oil-bearing tight sandstones in the Ordos basin. Methods In this study, 3D digital outcrop modeling was carried out on the oil-bearing sandstone outcrop of Angou by using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle（UAV） multi-point aerial photography, and then the depositional sequence diagenetic anatomy and field anatomy were carried out on the 3D digital model of Angou oil-bearing sandstone outcrop. Based on field observations, drone-based measurement and digital outcrop modelling, continuous sampling using Husquvarna power cutter and petrographic and diagenesis analysis under section, a 2D architectural heterogeneity model incorporating spatial configuration of effective reservoir was created. Results The UAV 3D digital outcrop modeling and field dissection revealed that the oil charging was only distributed within the interior, but not at the top or bottom of sand body. The configuration and nature of bounding surface underlying this succession was reconstructed with reference to lateral tracing for distinctive markers and a detailed measured profile with facies and sequence stratigraphic analysis. The results show that the sedimentary environment of oil-bearing tight sandstone is curved river channel. In the quarry, fluvial sandstone succession is underlain by a regional surface interpreted as a third-order sequence boundaries on the basis of abrupt landward facies change and locally developed incised valleys

Ubiquitin-conjugation enzyme E2C (UBE2C) is a crucial component of the ubiquitin-proteasome system that is involved in numerous cancers. In this study, we find that UBE2C expression is significantly increased in mouse embryos, a critical stage during skeletal muscle development. We further investigate the function of UBE2C in myogenesis. Knockdown of UBE2C inhibits C2C12 cell differentiation and decreases the expressions of MyoG and MyHC, while overexpression of UBE2C promotes C2C12 cell differentiation. Additionally, knockdown of UBE2C, specifically in the tibialis anterior muscle (TA), severely impedes muscle regeneration in vivo. Mechanistically, we show that UBE2C knockdown reduces the level of phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-Akt) and promotes the degradation of Akt. These findings suggest that UBE2C plays a critical role in myoblast differentiation and muscle regeneration and that UBE2C regulates myogenesis through the Akt signaling pathway.

Delving into porcine embryonic myogenesis is the key to elucidate the complex regulation of breed-specific differences in growth performance and meat production. Increasing evidence proves that pigs with less meat production show earlier embryonic myogenesis, but little is known about the underlying mechanisms. In this study, we examine the longissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) by immunohistochemistry and confirm that the differentiation of myogenic progenitors is increased (P–/MyoD+) and less (P+/MyoD–) in LT pigs at 35 days post-conception (35dpc). Additionally, embryonic myogenic progenitors isolated from LT pigs show greater (P

The combustion of biomass fuel boilers not only produces inorganic pollutants such as carbon oxides, nitrogen oxides, sulfur compounds, but also organic pollutants such as VOCs and PAHs, which directly affect the global biogeochemical cycle and atmospheric changes. Compared with foreign countries, there is relatively less research and related standards on the emission of organic pollutants from biomass fuel boilers in China. Therefore, it is necessary to study the emission characteristics of organic pollutants from biomass boilers, which can provide reference for the establishment of organic pollutant emission standards for biomass fuel boilers in China.The emission characteristics of volatile organic compounds(VOCs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) organic pollutants in the flue gas of three typical biomass-fired boilers in Chongqing were studied, and the emission concentrations of particulate matter, sulfur dioxides(SO2), and nitrogen oxides(NOX) were measured.The results show that the sulfur dioxide emissions from the three types of biomass-fired boilersrs are lower than the local standards in Chongqing, while nitrogen oxides and particulate matter have a phenomenon of exceeding the emission limits of the local standards in Chongqing. The main components of VOCs emitted from biomass powder and biomass particle combustion are OVOCs and aromatic hydrocarbons, while the main components of VOCs emitted from wood biomass combustion are alkynes. The gas-solid distribution pattern of PAHs during the combustion of three types of biomass is basically consistent. Low ring PAHs are mainly enriched in the gas phase, while medium and high ring PAHs are mainly enriched in particulate matter.

In this paper, a novel AlGaN/GaN HEMT structure with a P-GaN buried layer in the buffer layer and a locally doped barrier layer under the gate (PN-HEMT) is proposed to enhance its resistance to single event transient (SET) effects while also overcoming the degradation of other characteristics. The device operation mechanism and characteristics are investigated by TCAD simulation. The results show that the peak electric field and impact ionization at the gate edges are reduced in the PN-HEMT due to the introduced P-GaN buried layer in the buffer layer. This leads to a decrease in the peak drain current (Ipeak) induced by the SET effect and an improvement in the breakdown voltage (BV). Additionally, the locally doped barrier layer provides extra electrons to the channel, resulting in higher saturated drain current (ID,sat) and maximum transconductance (gmax). The Ipeak of the PN-HEMT (1.37 A/mm) is 71.8% lower than that of the conventional AlGaN/GaN HEMT (C-HEMT) (4.85 A/mm) at 0.6 pC/µm. Simultaneously, ID,sat and BV are increased by 21.2% and 63.9%, respectively. Therefore, the PN-HEMT enhances the hardened SET effect of the device without sacrificing other key characteristics of the AlGaN/GaN HEMT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]