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Purpose Internal cervical os (ICO) stiffness is related to menstrual pain, a key symptom of endometriosis. The study evaluated whether women with endometriosis have a stiffer ICO than unaffected women. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted using prospectively collected data from women with and without endometriosis, spanning from June 2020 to September 2022. Endometriosis was diagnosed through clinical and ultrasound evaluations, with histological confirmation in a subset of participants. Strain elastography (SE) was employed to measure tissue elasticity in four cervical regions of interest: the ICO and the anterior, posterior, and middle cervical compartments (ACC, PCC, and MCC, respectively). Tissue elasticity was quantified using a color-based scoring system ranging from 0.1 (blue, indicating less elasticity) to 3.0 (red, indicating greater elasticity). Results Overall, 287 women were included, with 157 diagnosed with endometriosis and 130 controls. On SE, women with endometriosis exhibited a lower color score (mean±standard deviation), indicating lower elasticity, for the ICO (0.56±0.28 vs. 0.70±0.26, P=0.001) and PCC (0.69±0.30 vs. 0.80±0.27, P=0.002). Additionally, they had a lower ICO/MCC ratio (0.45±0.28 vs. 0.60±0.32, P=0.001) and ICO/ACC ratio (0.68±0.42 vs. 0.85±0.39, P=0.001). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that endometriosis was associated with the ICO color score (odds ratio, 0.053; 95% confidence interval, 0.014 to 0.202; R2=0.358; P=0.001), even after adjusting for confounding factors like the presence of myomas (P=0.040) and the use of hormonal therapy (P=0.001). The results were corroborated in women with histologically confirmed endometriosis (n=71). Conclusion The findings suggest a potential relationship between a stiffer ICO and endometriosis.

Abstract The influence of naps on tinnitus was systematically assessed by exploring the frequency, clinical and demographic characteristics of this phenomenon. 9,724 data from two different tinnitus databases (Tinnitus Hub: n = 6115; Tinnitus Research Initiative (TRI): n = 3627) were included. After separate analysis of the databases, these results were then compared with each other. In the Tinnitus Hub survey database, a total of 31.1% reported an influence on tinnitus by taking a nap (26.9% in the TRI database), with much more frequent worsening after a nap than improvement (23.0% a little or a lot worse; TRI: 17.7% worse; 8.1% a little or a lot better; TRI: 9.2% better). The influence of napping on tinnitus was associated in both databases with other clinical features, such as the dependence of tinnitus on night quality, stress and somatosensory maneuvers. The present study confirms the clinical observation that more tinnitus sufferers report worsening after a nap than tinnitus sufferers reporting an improvement. It was consistently shown that tinnitus sufferers reporting nap-induced modulation of tinnitus also report more frequently an influence of night sleep on their tinnitus. Further clinical and polysomnographic research is warranted to better understand the interaction between sleep and tinnitus.

Abstract This study conducted bibliometric and systematic analyses of the literature to map the application of life cycle assessment studies on photovoltaic panels, focusing on end-of-life alternatives. Seventy-six articles addressing management strategies, treatment, recycling, and utilization of the panels were examined. The results revealed a significant increase in the number of publications over time, particularly in high-impact journals. Sixteen end-of-life alternatives for the panels were identified, including recycling practices, material recovery, and landfills. All alternatives were analyzed regarding environmental, social, and economic impacts. Understanding the impacts of different end-of-life methods for solar panels is key in supporting government management and the implementation of effective policies and regulations. Additionally, it is necessary to consider the environmental and social effects, as well as ensure the protection of workers involved in related activities and prevent soil, water, and air contamination caused by different types of alternatives, such as dissolution and incineration. To enhance the recycling and recovery of elements from solar panels, scientific advancements and improvements in industrial infrastructure are necessary along with the implementation of a regional logistics approach that minimizes emissions resulting from transportation. The bibliometric analysis indicates that 65% of the studies were published within the last 3 years, and one quarter of the trending keywords of this period is “recycling”. This is particularly relevant to show a major area for research in the solar industry. By means of the systematic analysis, this study compiles and synthetizes the most recent and relevant alternatives for managing end-of-life photovoltaic panels. The comprehensive overview of the impacts associated with these alternatives contributes to the literature and practice of sustainability in the energy sector, providing support for informed decisions directed towards implementation.

Abstract Objective The Moon has a noticeable influence on the Earth due to its gravity, the most visible manifestation of which are tides. We aimed to see if the Moon’s daily cycle, like the Sun’s, affects the prevalence and incidence of childbirth. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, we examined all deliveries at the Academic Hospital of Udine between 2001 and 2019. All consecutive singleton pregnancies with spontaneous labor and vaginal delivery were included. Results During the period, 13,349 singleton pregnancies with spontaneous labor and vaginal delivery were delivered in 6939 days. A significantly higher prevalence of deliveries was found with the Moon above the horizon (50.63% vs. 49.37%, p

Objetivo: Este Boletim Informativo tem o objetivo de apresentar a Política Nacional de Saúde Integral de Lésbicas, Gays, Bissexuais, Travestis e Transexuais (LGBT), seus objetivos e desafios de implementação como política de equidade do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). A sigla que representa a diversidade sexual e de gênero, abrange pessoas que se identificam como Lésbicas, Gays, Bissexuais, Travestis e Transexuais e/ou Transgêneros, Queer, Intersexuais, Assexuais, Pansexuais, Pessoas Não-Binárias e outras expressões de gênero e sexualidade. Conclusão: Esse grupo populacional historicamente sofre desassistência na saúde que está relacionado ao preconceito e discriminação pelos profissionais da saúde e pelo medo de passarem por constrangimentos nos serviços de saúde. Embora a criação da Política seja um avanço no acesso à saúde dessa população, existem desafios a serem enfrentados que incluem a vulnerabilidade social e o preconceito. Percebe-se a necessidade de implementação de ações que contemplem a saúde bucal, assim como ações e pesquisas específicas para identificar os principais problemas, estabelecer planos resolutivos e fazer o monitoramento permanente dessas ações, assim como possibilitar o acesso facilitado aos serviços de saúde bucal no SUS.

Resumo: Analisamos o perfil acadêmico de 37 bolsistas de produtividade em pesquisa do Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) em Educação Matemática, no ano de 2021. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva de levantamento em abordagem qualitativa. Dos principiais resultados, depreende-se que a maior parte dos bolsistas estão enquadrados na categoria 2 (26 bolsistas; 17 mulheres e 9 homens); possuem licenciatura em Matemática (21); mestrado em Educação (14); doutorado em Educação (22); e estágio pós-doutoral em Educação ou Educação Matemática (29). São do sexo feminino (21 bolsistas; 17 PQ-2; 3 PQ-1D e 1 PQ-1A); estão localizados nas regiões Sudeste (18) e Sul (14); nos estados de São Paulo (12), Paraná e Rio Grande do Sul (5 bolsistas cada); na Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) e na Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), com 4 bolsistas cada. Com base nos achados, apresentamos um perfil acadêmico desses bolsistas por categorias/níveis e sublinhamos estudos complementares.

Anna Del Fabro1, Lorenza Driul1, Omar Anis1, Ambrogio P Londero1, Serena Bertozzi2, Livio Bortotto3, Diego Marchesoni11Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2Clinic of Surgery, 3Unit of Genetics, University Hospital of Udine, Udine, ItalyBackground: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the gender ratio and incidence of chromosomal anomalies in the products of conception (POC) from recurrent miscarriages.Methods: We determined the karyotypes of POC from patients with recurrent spontaneous miscarriages between 1999 and 2009.Results: In total, 313 specimens were successfully karyotyped, with a median gestational age of 10 weeks at miscarriage (interquartile range 8–13); 199 (64%) were females and 114 (36%) were males. In total, 121 (39%) had abnormal karyotypes, the most prevalent of which were chromosome 21 and 16 trisomies, triploidy, and monosomy X.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that female POC might be more susceptible to recurrent miscarriages than male ones during embryogenesis, implantation, and initial fetal development.Keywords: fetal gender, recurrent miscarriages, karyotype anomalies

Abstract Background Pregnancy-related cancers are mostly breast cancers, and their incidence is likely to increase as a result of the modern trend of delaying childbearing. In particular, advanced maternal age increases breast cancer risk, and younger breast cancer patients are more likely to die and metastasize. This study compared a population with a high incidence of delayed childbearing with another population with a lower mean age at childbirth in order to determine whether breast cancer diagnosis and childbearing age overlap. Methods We retrospectively analyzed multiple data sources. The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program, the United States National Center for Health Statistics as part of the National Vital Statistics System, the United Nations Population Division, the GLOBOCAN Cancer Observatory, the CLIO-INFRA project database, the Human Fertility Database, and anonymized local data were used. Results As women’s age at delivery increased, the convergence between their age distribution at breast cancer diagnosis and childbearing increased. In addition, the overlap between the two age distributions increased by more than 200% as the average age at delivery increased from 27 to 35 years. Conclusions As women’s average childbearing age has progressively risen, pregnancy and breast cancer age distributions have significantly overlapped. This finding emphasizes the need for increased awareness and educational efforts to inform women about the potential consequences of delayed childbearing. By providing comprehensive information and support, women can make more informed decisions about their reproductive health and cancer prevention strategies.

Cranial CT scans of eleven immunocompetent children with central nervous system (CNS) infection due to Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii were retrospectively reviewed. These children had an average age of 8.8 years and positive culture for C. n. var. gattii in cerebrospinal fluid. The most common signs and symptoms were headache, fever, nuchal rigidity, nausea and vomiting. No normal cranial CT was detected in any patient. Hypodense nodules were observed in all patients . The remaining scan abnormalities were as follows: nine had diffuse atrophy, six had hydrocephalus, and five had hydrocephalus coexistent with diffuse atrophy.

Objetivo: Este Boletim Informativo retoma a Política Nacional de Atenção Integral à Saúde das Pessoas Privadas de Liberdade no Sistema Prisional (PNAISP), instituída em 2014, e destaca pontos importantes para sua implementação e para o enfrentamento das desigualdades sociais visíveis na população carcerária. Reforça a necessidade de atenção à saúde bucal da população carcerária, as dificuldades enfrentadas durante o período de enchentes no Rio Grande do Sul e as dificuldades e negligências das mulheres privadas de liberdade. Conclusão: É necessário dar visibilidade à PNAISP, pois este grupo populacional já tem suas condições de saúde agravadas por questões socioeconômicas e culturais e deve receber o cuidado integral como prevê a política.

ABSTRACT The aim of the present negatively controlled, randomized clinical trial was to assess dry matter intake (DMI) and behavior in cows with mild and moderate naturally occurring CM caused by gram-negative or culture-negative pathogens. Enrolled cases were assigned to either the negative control or to the treatment group, which received one infusion of intramammary ciprofloxacin for three consecutive days. Behavior was assessed through neck collars which monitors rumination, activity, and rest times. Electronic feeders were used to record feeding behavior and DMI. Also, average daily milk yield, milk composition, somatic cells count (SCC), and white blood cells count (WBC) were evaluated. Of a total of 67 cases of CM, 23 met the criteria to enter the experiment and were enrolled to the negative control (n=13) and to the treated group (n=10). There was no difference in behavior between groups throughout the studied period. Also, no difference was found in DMI, feeding behavior and in the other parameters between negative control and treated cases. Therefore, the selective treatment did not have negative impacts on behavior and DMI, as well as in the other parameters. This therapeutic strategy can be beneficial since reduces costs and the use of antimicrobials in dairy farms.

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos de diferentes protocolos de administração da associação de cianocobalamina e butafosfan no pós-parto recente de vacas da raça Holandês sobre marcadores metabólicos e produção de leite. Foram utilizadas 154 vacas da raça Holandês, multíparas, mantidas em sistema Free-stall e divididas em cinco grupos, utilizando como critérios de randomização o número de lactações e a data provável do parto. Os animais receberam aplicações por via intramuscular após o parto da associação de 100 mg/mL de butafosfan e 0,05 mg/mL de cianocobalamina, em volume de 1mL para cada 20 kg de peso vivo, variando apenas os dias de aplicação: T1: no dia do parto (dia 0) (n=36); T2: dias 0 e 3 (n = 31); T3: dias 0 e 7 (n = 30); T4: dias 0, 3 e 7 (n = 28). O grupo controle (GC) recebeu solução fisiológica nos dias 0, 3 e 7 (n = 29). As amostras de sangue foram coletadas para avaliação de metabólitos nos dias 0, 7, 21 e 30 pós-parto. A produção de leite foi registrada uma vez por semana até 98 dias em lactação. Observou-se que o grupo T4 apresentou a média de produção de leite maior (25,87±0,34 kg/dia; P < 0,001) do que os demais grupos. O protocolo com a administração da associação de butafosfan e cianocobalamina aplicado nos dias 0, 3 e 7 pós-parto foi o mais eficiente em relação a produção de leite e contribuiu para um melhor metabolismo energético e hepático dos animais.

A case of sporotrichosis in a woman presenting 63 cutaneous lesions distributed all over the tegument is related. The patient had both humoral (Immunoglobulins) and cellular (Lymphocytes subpopulations) immunity within normal limits, but was under treatment with steroid during a long time (Prednisone 10 mg daily for 2 years), due to a sciatic pain. In addition a review of the Brazilian literature on this type of lesions was carried out and commented.

Objective. CoolSeal is a new vessel sealing system for dissection and hemostasis during surgery. No clinical studies have investigated safety, advantages or disadvantages regarding the use of this device. The aim of the present study was to investigate the safety of CoolSeal and compare it with conventional ligation technique or LigaSure during the total thyroidectomy. We hypothesized that the use of CoolSeal would reduce the operating time and bleeding without complications increase. Study design represents a retrospective cohort study with a tertiary reference center setting.

Se analiza la relación de Miguel Delibes (1920-2010) con Italia desde una perspectiva doble: en la primera parte se considera de qué forma y qué aspectos culturales y literarios del país conoció y apreció el autor –durante viajes y estancias emprendidos desde 1956 hasta 1985 por motivos profesionales–, mientras que en la segunda se examina la recepción de la obra delibeana por parte de los intelectuales italianos (sobre todo, académicos) a través de los ensayos y de las traducciones publicados desde finales de los cincuenta del siglo XX hasta hoy. Las huellas principales que el contacto con Italia dejó en la producción delibeana consisten en las ocho estampas dedicadas a varias ciudades italianas, recogidas en el libro de viajes Europa, parada y fonda (1963); un interesante conjunto de reseñas (1948-1957), donde el vallisoletano expresa su pasión por el cine neorrealista; un breve y tardío texto sobre Alberto Moravia (1990) y la cita de Cesare Pavese en un trabajo de 2004. El balance, bastante decepcionante, se debe al hecho de que el reflexivo e introvertido Delibes quedó al margen de los ambientes de mayor intercambio artístico entre Italia y España en su época: las ferias de libros, las tertulias y los premios literarios. Probablemente fueron razones ideológicas –vinculadas con la permanencia del escritor en España durante el franquismo, a pesar de su velada oposición al régimen, que le proporcionó muchos problemas con la censura– las que provocaron un desierto crítico en Italia con respecto a su narrativa hasta por lo menos los años sesenta. De hecho, los estudios italianos sobre Delibes y las versiones de algunos de sus cuentos y novelas, realizados en especial por docentes universitarios (empezando por Giuseppe Bellini), se han desarrollado en los últimos cuarenta años: sobre ellos versan las páginas finales, donde se abriga la esperanza de que un clásico contemporáneo como Delibes despierte más atención crítica en Italia en un futuro próximo.

Purpose This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of perineal trauma during childbirth and to assess the correlations of the pelvic floor dimensions and fetal head station with obstetric trauma in a prospectively recruited cohort of women. Methods The study included women with a gestational age of at least 37 weeks, who were carrying a single fetus in a cephalic presentation. Transperineal ultrasound (TPU) was performed prior to the onset of labor or labor induction. The purpose was to measure the anteroposterior diameter (APD) of the levator ani muscle (LAM) and the angle of progression, at both rest and maximum Valsalva maneuver. The head-perineum distance was assessed only at rest. Results A total of 296 women were included. Of the 253 women who delivered vaginally, 19% (48/253) experienced no perineal trauma, 18.2% (46/253) received an episiotomy during childbirth, 34.4% (87/253) sustained a first-degree laceration, 25.3% (64/253) had a second-degree laceration, and 3.2% had a third- or fourth-degree laceration (8/253). Women with episiotomy had a significantly shorter median APD under Valsalva than women without perineal trauma. Furthermore, women with LAM coactivation (identified by a negative difference between the APD at Valsalva and the APD at rest) were approximately three times more likely to undergo an operative vaginal delivery and over five times more likely to sustain a third- or fourth-degree tear during childbirth than women who exhibited normal relaxation of the LAM during the Valsalva maneuver. Conclusion TPU may predict the risk of perineal trauma in women with term pregnancy during childbirth.

Mushroom β-D-glucans can be isolated from several species, including the widely consumed Agaricus bisporus. Besides immunomodulatory responses, some β-D-glucans may exhibit direct antitumoral effects. It was previously observed that a β-(1→6)-D-glucan (BDG16) has indirect cytotoxicity on triple-negative breast cancer cells. In this study, the cytotoxicity of this same glucan was observed on estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer cells (MCF-7). Cell viability was determined by multiple methods to assess metabolic activity, lysosomal membrane integrity, and adhesion capacity. Assays to evaluate cell respiration, cell cycle, apoptosis, necroptosis, and oxidative stress were performed to determine the action of BDG16 on MCF-7 cells. A gradual and significant cell viability reduction was observed when the cells were treated with BDG16 (10–1000 µg/mL). This result could be associated with the inhibition of the basal state respiration after incubation with the β-D-glucan. The cells showed a significant arrest in G1 phase population at 1000 µg/mL, with no induction of apoptosis. However, an increase in necrosis and necroptosis at the same concentration was observed. No difference in oxidative stress-related molecules was observed. Altogether, our findings demonstrate that BDG16 directly induces toxicity in MCF-7 cells, primarily by impairing mitochondrial respiration and promoting necroptosis. The specific mechanisms that mediate this action are being investigated.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the main areas in which researchers are focusing their efforts in terms of sustainability in higher education (curriculum, campus greening, research, governance or outreach), the format in which this research is performed (in terms of individual or combined efforts) and the primary research focus (in terms of local or global issues). Design/methodology/approach: Trends on sustainability research were investigated by means of an online survey -- the World Survey on Sustainability Publishing and Research in Higher Education, which was disseminated among members of the European School of Sustainability Science and Research and the Inter-University Sustainable Development Research Programme. Findings: The survey collected responses from 103 researchers across over 40 countries. Three trends emerged: in spite of the intrinsic value of sustainability research in higher education, this area is not as mature as one could expect; the range of themes covered is wide and addresses a variety of areas; and individuals working alone is the most common means of doing research, whereas research at the university, department and faculty level appears to be less common. Originality/value: The paper outlines some measures via which higher education institutions may be able to take more advantage of the many opportunities sustainability research offers to them.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to analyse through a systematic literature review the evolution of the theme of environmental social and governance (ESG) in universities, correlating variables and presenting a panorama for Latin American universities. Design/methodology/approach: This paper uses a systematic literature review approach. The Web of Science database was used for data collection, and a set of keywords (Environmental, Social and Governance × Universities) and a classification method were used, resulting in 111 articles classified in the Zotero software. After classification, these publications were analysed in the VOSviewer software. Findings: The main evidence about ESG and universities shows that its relevance has been growing worldwide with an emphasis on England, the USA, Spain, followed by Brazil in fourth place regarding the number of papers published worldwide. The most representative areas identified were governance, sustainability, higher education, sustainable campus, environmental science, ecology, science and technology. The journals presenting more published papers under the topic are "International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education," "Journal of Cleaner Production and Sustainability." As for the most relevant authors, the Europeans Lozano and Leal Filho, Velasquez from Mexico and Brandli from Brazil were identified. As for institutions, the University Durham, State University System of Florida and State University of Campinas do Brazil stand out. Research limitations/implications: As the main limitation of the study is related to the sample of articles. This study is focused on the analysis of publications from the last decade, presenting only 111 results. However, this restriction in the timeline is justified as it is a new topic; this study was also limited to the use of a single database; in this sense, future research can carry out a more comprehensive review of the sustainability literature covering periods prior to a decade and an analysis in other databases. Originality/value: These results provide a basis for improving sustainability in universities and ESG in Latin America. It also allows to explore and reflect on several indicators, enabling the evaluation and planning of actions to improve competitiveness.

We can act in two ways to offer a good physical and mental health status to humanity: to prevent and to cure. In both cases, firstly we have to study the problem and the strategy that aims to its resolution. Secondly, if we hold a good solution to the problem in order to obtain the best possible result we must teach other doctors and people this possible solution to the studied problem. In case of primary prevention the first people to whom we must explain all these things are the people who live in the world which must be able to consciously choose whether or not to live in a healthy way possibly without compromising the choices and the health of other people. All these situations require great teaching skills by physicians. What we discussed so far is what should always happen in theory.

This study assessed the effect of subclinical mastitis on the productivity and inflammatory markers in Jersey dairy cows. Blood, milk, and milk yield data were collected from 59 Jersey dairy cows reared under a semi-extensive system. Milk samples were collected from individual collectors and evaluated for their somatic cell count (SCC), lactose (Lact), protein, fat, total and defatted dry extracts (DDE), casein, freezing point, and milk urea nitrogen (MUN) levels. After milking, blood was collected by puncturing the coccygeal arteriovenous complex. In the serum samples, the inflammatory biomarkers paraoxonase-1, albumin, and total plasma protein levels were analyzed using colorimetric methods. Samples of the entire diet provided and pastures were submitted for bromatological analysis. Additionally, the body condition score, number of lactations, milk yield, days of lactation, calving interval, number of inseminations until conception, calving-conception interval, and days of pregnancy were analyzed. The cows were categorized based on their SCC into a subclinical mastitis group (SubG), with SCC levels greater than or equal to 200,000 cells/mL, and a control group (CG), with SCC levels below 200,000 cells/mL. Blood metabolic variables, milk quality, and milk production data were analyzed using multivariate regression, analysis of variance, and logistic regression using the SAS® program. The multivariate regression analysis revealed that several markers, such as Lact, total protein, and casein, influenced milk composition, predicting over 97% of the data. The SubG showed lower concentrations of Lact (4.37 vs. 4.47%; P = 0.0002), MUN (20.55 vs. 23.85 mg/dL; P = 0.02), and DDE (9.24 vs. 9.50%; P = 0.02) compared with the CG; moreover, animals in the SubG had a higher number of lactations compared with those in the CG (4.30 vs. 2.69; P = 0.0039). Cows with a Lact content lower than 4.265% (quartile 25%), compared with those with Lact content greater than 4.565% (quartile 100%), were 52 times more likely to have subclinical mastitis. Jersey dairy cows with subclinical mastitis have lower Lact, urea, and defatted dry extract levels in their milk as well as a higher number of lactations. Therefore, Lact levels in milk serve as a good diagnostic marker of subclinical mastitis in Jersey cows. Subclinical mastitis in Jersey dairy cows did not decrease milk yield nor effect reproductive performance.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of diseases as well as metabolic and zootechnical parameters in Holstein calves maintained in individual or collective housing systems in the extreme south of Brazil. One hundred calves were included immediately after birth and monitored for 90 days. Animals were randomly divided into two groups: individual stalls group (ISG; n=50) and collective stalls group (CSG; n=50). ISG calves were individually housed in 1.2m² wood pens and received 6 L of milk/day and concentrate food and water ad libitum for 90 days. Calves in the CSG were housed in groups of up to 25 animals, in a total of two stalls containing one animal per 3 m2. CSG calves received up to 8 L of milk/day at 0-15 days, milk ad libitum at 15-40 days, 7.2 L of milk. /day at 40-60 days, and gradual weaning at 60-90 days with concentrate food and water ad libitum, using an automatic feeder. In both groups, Zootechnical parameters (weight, thoracic perimeter, height at the withers, and rump width) were measured weekly during the first 28 days and once every 15 days until weaning. Blood samples were retrieved weekly during the first 28 days. Metabolic parameters evaluated in this study were total calcium, beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), free fatty acids (FFA), and glucose. The animals were monitored daily for clinical signs of diseases diarrhea and respiratory symptoms. General morbidity was higher in CSG 92% compared to ISG 74% (p0.05). Glucose, FFA, and BHBA concentrations were higher in the ISG (p

Background: The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic has brought to light a significant surge in depression across diverse populations. While a considerable body of research has linked this upswing to lockdowns and restrictive measures, it is crucial to recognize that lockdowns alone cannot fully elucidate the observed increase in mental health disorders, given the vast array of individual psychological responses. Objective: This study aims to test e whether personality dimensions (Extroversion, Neuroticism, and Psychoticism) and resilience play a role in shielding individuals from developing depression during the COVID-19 pandemic, as observed in a sample of Brazilian adults. Methods: This research employed a one-year longitudinal naturalistic study involving the general population. It utilized a web-based questionnaire administered in three waves during the COVID-19 pandemic: April 2020, September 2020, and May 2021. The research protocol contains the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 – PHQ-9, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale – CD-RISC, and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised-Abbreviated - EPQR-A. Results: Our study encompassed 455 participants, of which 35.6 % met the criteria for depression in the first wave, and this figure decreased to 18.5 % in the second and third waves (p = 0.001). Resilience levels in the non-depressed group (consistently exhibited higher means across all three waves when compared to the depressed group (first wave: x¯= 27.98; second wave: x¯= 37.26; third wave: x¯= 36.67; p = 0.001). Furthermore, resilience exhibited an overall protective effect against depression in all waves (PR = 0.93, p = 0.000). Neuroticism and Psychoticism emerged as predictors of depression across all waves (PR = 1.346; p = 0.0001 and PR = 1.157; p = 0.030), while the Extroversion dimension showed no significant effect. Conclusion: The decline in depression rates during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic was influenced by levels of resilience, which acted as a protective factor against the development of depressive symptoms. Notably, Neuroticism and Psychoticism predicted the risk of developing depressive symptoms. Implications for practical intervention in future crisis scenarios suggest the need for public health policy programs featuring personalized interventions that prioritize enhancing resilience.

A case of a solitary pulmonary nodule due to Scedosporium apiospermum (Pseudallescheria boydii) is related. A review of the pertinent literature was done and, in addition, similar lesions caused by other opportunistic fungi are commented.