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1. Global consortium for the classification of fungi and fungus-like taxa

Author

Hyde, KD, Abdel-Wahab, MA, Abdollahzadeh, J, Abeywickrama, PD, Absalan, S, Afshari, N, Ainsworth, AM, Akulov, OY, Aleoshin, VV, Al-Sadi, AM, Alvarado, P, Alves, A, Alves-Silva, G, Amalfi, M, Amira, Y, Amuhenage, TB, Anderson, J, Antonín, V, Aouali, S, Aptroot, A, Apurillo, CCS, Araújo, JPM, Ariyawansa, HA, Armand, A, Arumugam, E, Asghari, R, Assis, DMA, Atienza, V, Avasthi, S, Azevedo, E, Bahkali, AH, Bakhshi, M, Banihashemi, Z, Bao, DF, Baral, HO, Barata, M, Barbosa, F, Barbosa, RN, Barreto, RW, Baschien, C, Belamesiatseva, DB, Bennett Reuel, M, Bera, I, Bezerra, JDP, Bezerra, JL, Bhat, DJ, Bhunjun, CS, Bianchinotti, MV, Błaszkowski, J, Blondelle, A, Boekhout, T, Bonito, G, Boonmee, S, Boonyuen, N, Bregant, C, Buchanan, P, Bundhun, D, Burgaud, G, Burgess, T, Buyck, B, Cabarroi-Hernández, M, Cáceres, MES, Caeiro, MF, Cai, L, Cai, MF, Calabon, MS, Calaça, FJS, Callalli, M, Cano-Lira, JF, Cantillo, T, Cao, B, Carlavilla, JR, Carvalho, A, Castañeda-Ruiz, RF, Castlebury, L, Castro-Jauregui, O, Catania, MDV, Cavalcanti, LH, Cazabonne, J, Cedeño-Sanchez, ML, Chaharmiri-Dokhaharani, S, Chaiwan, N, Chakraborty, N, Chaverri, P, Cheewangkoon, R, Chen, C, Chen, CY, Chen, KH, Chen, J, Chen, Q, Chen, WH, Chen, YP, Chethana, KWT, Coleine, C, Condé, TO, Corazon-Guivin, MA, Cortés-Pérez, A, Costa-Rezende, DH, Courtecuisse, R, Crouch, JA, Crous, PW, Cui, BK, Cui, YY, da Silva, DKA, da Silva, GA, da Silva, IR, da Silva, RMF, da Silva Santos, AC, Dai, DQ, Dai, YC, Damm, U, Darmostuk, V, Daroodi, Zoha, Das, K, Davoodian, N, Davydov, EA, Dayarathne, MC, Decock, C, de Groot, MD, De Kesel, A, dela Cruz, TEE, De Lange, R, Delgado, G, Denchev, CM, Denchev, TT, de Oliveira, NT, de Silva, NI, de Souza, FA, Dentinger, B, Devadatha, B, Dianese, JC, Dima, B, Diniz, AG, Dissanayake, AJ, Dissanayake, LS, Doğan, HH, Doilom, M, Dolatabadi, S, Dong, W, Dong, ZY, Dos Santos, LA, Drechsler-Santos, ER, Du, TY, Dubey, MK, Dutta, AK, Egidi, E, Elliott, TF, Elshahed, MS, Erdoğdu, M, Ertz, D, Etayo, J, Evans, HC, Fan, XL, Fan, YG, Fedosova, AG, Fell, J, Fernandes, I, Firmino, AL, Fiuza, PO, Flakus, A, Fragoso de Souza, CA, Frisvad, JC, Fryar, SC, Gabaldón, T, Gajanayake, AJ, Galindo, LJ, Gannibal, PB, García, D, García-Sandoval, SR, Garrido-Benavent, I, Garzoli, L, Gautam, AK, Ge, ZW, Gené, DJ, Gentekaki, E, Ghobad-Nejhad, M, Giachini, AJ, Gibertoni, TB, Góes-Neto, A, Gomdola, D, Gomes de Farias, AR, Gorjón, SP, Goto, BT, Granados-Montero, MM, Griffith, GW, Groenewald, JZ, Groenewald, M, Grossart, HP, Gueidan, C, Gunarathne, A, Gunaseelan, S, Gusmão, LFP, Gutierrez, AC, Guzmán-Dávalos, L, Haelewaters, D, Halling, R, Han, YF, Hapuarachchi, KK, Harder, CB, Harrington, TC, Hattori, T, He, MQ, He, S, He, SH, Healy, R, Herández-Restrepo, M, Heredia, G, Hodge, KT, Holgado-Rojas, M, Hongsanan, S, Horak, E, Hosoya, T, Houbraken, J, Huang, SK, Huanraluek, N, Hur, JS, Hurdeal, VG, Hustad, VP, Iotti, M, Iturriaga, T, Jafar, E, Janik, P, Jayalal, RGU, Jayasiri, SC, Jayawardena, RS, Jeewon, R, Jerônimo, GH, Jesus, AL, Jin, J, Johnston, PR, Jones, EBG, Joshi, Y, Justo, A, Kaishian, P, Kakishima, M, Kaliyaperumal, M, Kang, GP, Kang, JC, Karimi, O, Karpov, SA, Karunarathna, SC, Kaufmann, M, Kemler, M, Kezo, K, Khyaju, S, Kirchmair, M, Kirk, PM, Kitaura, MJ, Klawonn, I, Kolarik, M, Kong, A, Kuhar, F, Kukwa, M, Kumar, S, Kušan, I, Lado, C, Larsson, KH, Latha, KPD, Lee, HB, Leonardi, M, Leontyev, DL, Lestari, AS, Li, CJY, Li, DW, Li, H, Li, HY, Li, L, Li, QR, Li, WL, Li, Y, Li, YC, Liao, CF, Liimatainen, K, Lim, YW, Lin, CG, Linaldeddu, BT, Linde, CC, Linn, MM, Liu, F, Liu, JK, Liu, NG, Liu, S, Liu, SL, Liu, XF, Liu, XY, Liu, XZ, Liu, ZB, Lu, L, Lu, YZ, Luangharn, T, Luangsaard, JJ, Lumbsch, HT, Lumyong, S, Luo, L, Luo, M, Luo, ZL, Ma, J, Machado, AR, Madagammana, AD, Madrid, H, Magurno, F, Magyar, D, Mahadevan, N, Maharachchikumbura, SSN, Maimaiti, Y, Malosso, E, Manamgoda, DS, Manawasinghe, IS, Mapook, A, Marasinghe, DS, Mardones, M, Marin-Felix, Y, Márquez, R, Masigol, H, Matočec, N, May, T, McKenzie, EHC, Meiras-Ottoni, A, Melo, RFR, Mendes, ARL, Mendieta, S, Meng, QF, Menkis, A, Menolli Jr, N, Mešić, A, Meza Calvo, JG, Mikhailov, KV, Miller, SL, Moncada, B, Moncalvo, JM, Monteiro, JS, Monteiro, M, Mora-Montes, HM, Moreau, PA, Mueller, GM, Mukhopadyay, S, Murugadoss, R, Nagy, LG, Najafiniya, M, Nanayakkara, CM, Nascimento, CC, Nei, Y, Neves, MA, Neuhauser, S, Niego, AGT, Nilsson, RH, Niskanen, T, Niveiro, N, Noorabadi, MT, Noordeloos, (Machiel E.), Norphanphoun, C, Nuñez Otaño, NB, O’Donnell, RP, Oehl, F, Olariaga, I, Orlando, FP, Pang, KL, Papp, V, Pawłowska, J, Peintner, U, Pem, D, Pereira, OL, Perera, RH, Perez-Moreno, J, Perez-Ortega, S, Péter, G, Phillips, AJL, Phonemany, M, Phukhamsakda, C, Phutthacharoen, K, Piepenbring, M, Pires-Zottarelli, CLA, Poinar, G, Pošta, A, Prieto, M, Promputtha, I, Quandt, CA, Radek, R, Rahnama, K, Raj, KNA, Rajeshkumar, KC, Rämä, T, Rambold, G, Ramírez-Cruz, V, Rasconi, S, Rathnayaka, AR, Raza, M, Ren, GC, Robledo, GL, Rodriguez-Flakus, P, Ronikier, A, Rossi, W, Ryberg, M, Ryvarden, LR, Salvador‑Montoya, CA, Samant, B, Samarakoon, BC, Samarakoon, MC, Sánchez-Castro, I, Sánchez-García, M, Sandoval-Denis, M, Santiago, ALCMA, Santamaria, B, Santos, ACS, Sarma, VV, Savchenko, A, Savchenko, K, Saxena, RK, Scholler, M, Schoutteten, N, Seifollahi, E, Selbmann, L, Selcuk, F, Senanayake, IC, Shabashova, TG, Shen, HW, Shen, YM, SilvaFilho, AGS, Simmons, DR, Singh, R, Sir, EB, Song, Chang-Ge, Souza-Motta, CM, Sruthi, OP, Stadler, M, Stchigel, AM, Stemler, J, Stephenson, SL, Strassert, JFH, Su, HL, Su, L, Suetrong, S, Sulistyo, B, Sun, YF, Sun, YR, Svantesson, Sten, Sysouphanthong, P, Takamatsu, S, Tan, TH, Tanaka, K, Tang, AMC, Tang, X, Tanney, JB, Tavakol, NM, Taylor, JE, Taylor, PWJ, Tedersoo, L, Tennakoon, DS, Thamodini, GK, Thines, M, Thiyagaraja, V, Thongklang, N, Tiago, PV, Tian, Q, Tian, WH, Tibell, L, Tibell, S, Tibpromma, S, Tkalčec, Z, Tomšovský, M, Toome-Heller, M, Torruella, G, Tsurykau, A, Udayanga, D, Ulukapi, M, Untereiner, WA, Uzunov, BA, Valle, LG, Van Caenegem, W, Van den Wyngaert, S, Van Vooren, N, Velez, P, Verma, RK, Vieira, LC, Vieira, WAS, Vizzini, A, Walker, A, Walker, AK, Wanasinghe, DN, Wang, CG, Wang, K, Wang, SX, Wang, XY, Wang, Y, Wannasawang, N, Wartchow, F, Wei, DP, Wei, XL, White, JF, Wijayawardene, NN, Wijesinghe, SN, Wijesundara, DSA, Wisitrassameewong, K, Worthy, FR, Wu, F, Wu, G, Wu, HX, Wu, N, Wu, WP, Wurzbacher, C, Xiao, YP, Xiong, YR, Xu, LJ, Xu, R, Xu, RF, Xu, RJ, Xu, TM, Yakovchenko, L, Yan, JY, Yang, H, Yang, J, Yang, ZL, Yang, YH, Yapa, N, Yasanthika, E, Youssef, NH, Yu, FM, Yu, Q, Yu, YX, Yu, ZF, Yuan, HS, Yuan, Y, Yurkov, A, Zafari, D, Zamora, JC, Zare, R, Zeng, M, Zeng, NK, Zeng, XY, Zhang, F, Zhang, H, Zhang, JF, Zhang, JY, Zhang, QY, Zhang, SN, Zhang, W, Zhang, Y, Zhang, YX, Zhao, CL, Zhao, H, Zhao, Q, Zhao, RL, Zhou, LW, Zhou, M, Zhurbenko, MP, Zin, HH, Zucconi, L, Hyde, KD, Abdel-Wahab, MA, Abdollahzadeh, J, Abeywickrama, PD, Absalan, S, Afshari, N, Ainsworth, AM, Akulov, OY, Aleoshin, VV, Al-Sadi, AM, Alvarado, P, Alves, A, Alves-Silva, G, Amalfi, M, Amira, Y, Amuhenage, TB, Anderson, J, Antonín, V, Aouali, S, Aptroot, A, Apurillo, CCS, Araújo, JPM, Ariyawansa, HA, Armand, A, Arumugam, E, Asghari, R, Assis, DMA, Atienza, V, Avasthi, S, Azevedo, E, Bahkali, AH, Bakhshi, M, Banihashemi, Z, Bao, DF, Baral, HO, Barata, M, Barbosa, F, Barbosa, RN, Barreto, RW, Baschien, C, Belamesiatseva, DB, Bennett Reuel, M, Bera, I, Bezerra, JDP, Bezerra, JL, Bhat, DJ, Bhunjun, CS, Bianchinotti, MV, Błaszkowski, J, Blondelle, A, Boekhout, T, Bonito, G, Boonmee, S, Boonyuen, N, Bregant, C, Buchanan, P, Bundhun, D, Burgaud, G, Burgess, T, Buyck, B, Cabarroi-Hernández, M, Cáceres, MES, Caeiro, MF, Cai, L, Cai, MF, Calabon, MS, Calaça, FJS, Callalli, M, Cano-Lira, JF, Cantillo, T, Cao, B, Carlavilla, JR, Carvalho, A, Castañeda-Ruiz, RF, Castlebury, L, Castro-Jauregui, O, Catania, MDV, Cavalcanti, LH, Cazabonne, J, Cedeño-Sanchez, ML, Chaharmiri-Dokhaharani, S, Chaiwan, N, Chakraborty, N, Chaverri, P, Cheewangkoon, R, Chen, C, Chen, CY, Chen, KH, Chen, J, Chen, Q, Chen, WH, Chen, YP, Chethana, KWT, Coleine, C, Condé, TO, Corazon-Guivin, MA, Cortés-Pérez, A, Costa-Rezende, DH, Courtecuisse, R, Crouch, JA, Crous, PW, Cui, BK, Cui, YY, da Silva, DKA, da Silva, GA, da Silva, IR, da Silva, RMF, da Silva Santos, AC, Dai, DQ, Dai, YC, Damm, U, Darmostuk, V, Daroodi, Zoha, Das, K, Davoodian, N, Davydov, EA, Dayarathne, MC, Decock, C, de Groot, MD, De Kesel, A, dela Cruz, TEE, De Lange, R, Delgado, G, Denchev, CM, Denchev, TT, de Oliveira, NT, de Silva, NI, de Souza, FA, Dentinger, B, Devadatha, B, Dianese, JC, Dima, B, Diniz, AG, Dissanayake, AJ, Dissanayake, LS, Doğan, HH, Doilom, M, Dolatabadi, S, Dong, W, Dong, ZY, Dos Santos, LA, Drechsler-Santos, ER, Du, TY, Dubey, MK, Dutta, AK, Egidi, E, Elliott, TF, Elshahed, MS, Erdoğdu, M, Ertz, D, Etayo, J, Evans, HC, Fan, XL, Fan, YG, Fedosova, AG, Fell, J, Fernandes, I, Firmino, AL, Fiuza, PO, Flakus, A, Fragoso de Souza, CA, Frisvad, JC, Fryar, SC, Gabaldón, T, Gajanayake, AJ, Galindo, LJ, Gannibal, PB, García, D, García-Sandoval, SR, Garrido-Benavent, I, Garzoli, L, Gautam, AK, Ge, ZW, Gené, DJ, Gentekaki, E, Ghobad-Nejhad, M, Giachini, AJ, Gibertoni, TB, Góes-Neto, A, Gomdola, D, Gomes de Farias, AR, Gorjón, SP, Goto, BT, Granados-Montero, MM, Griffith, GW, Groenewald, JZ, Groenewald, M, Grossart, HP, Gueidan, C, Gunarathne, A, Gunaseelan, S, Gusmão, LFP, Gutierrez, AC, Guzmán-Dávalos, L, Haelewaters, D, Halling, R, Han, YF, Hapuarachchi, KK, Harder, CB, Harrington, TC, Hattori, T, He, MQ, He, S, He, SH, Healy, R, Herández-Restrepo, M, Heredia, G, Hodge, KT, Holgado-Rojas, M, Hongsanan, S, Horak, E, Hosoya, T, Houbraken, J, Huang, SK, Huanraluek, N, Hur, JS, Hurdeal, VG, Hustad, VP, Iotti, M, Iturriaga, T, Jafar, E, Janik, P, Jayalal, RGU, Jayasiri, SC, Jayawardena, RS, Jeewon, R, Jerônimo, GH, Jesus, AL, Jin, J, Johnston, PR, Jones, EBG, Joshi, Y, Justo, A, Kaishian, P, Kakishima, M, Kaliyaperumal, M, Kang, GP, Kang, JC, Karimi, O, Karpov, SA, Karunarathna, SC, Kaufmann, M, Kemler, M, Kezo, K, Khyaju, S, Kirchmair, M, Kirk, PM, Kitaura, MJ, Klawonn, I, Kolarik, M, Kong, A, Kuhar, F, Kukwa, M, Kumar, S, Kušan, I, Lado, C, Larsson, KH, Latha, KPD, Lee, HB, Leonardi, M, Leontyev, DL, Lestari, AS, Li, CJY, Li, DW, Li, H, Li, HY, Li, L, Li, QR, Li, WL, Li, Y, Li, YC, Liao, CF, Liimatainen, K, Lim, YW, Lin, CG, Linaldeddu, BT, Linde, CC, Linn, MM, Liu, F, Liu, JK, Liu, NG, Liu, S, Liu, SL, Liu, XF, Liu, XY, Liu, XZ, Liu, ZB, Lu, L, Lu, YZ, Luangharn, T, Luangsaard, JJ, Lumbsch, HT, Lumyong, S, Luo, L, Luo, M, Luo, ZL, Ma, J, Machado, AR, Madagammana, AD, Madrid, H, Magurno, F, Magyar, D, Mahadevan, N, Maharachchikumbura, SSN, Maimaiti, Y, Malosso, E, Manamgoda, DS, Manawasinghe, IS, Mapook, A, Marasinghe, DS, Mardones, M, Marin-Felix, Y, Márquez, R, Masigol, H, Matočec, N, May, T, McKenzie, EHC, Meiras-Ottoni, A, Melo, RFR, Mendes, ARL, Mendieta, S, Meng, QF, Menkis, A, Menolli Jr, N, Mešić, A, Meza Calvo, JG, Mikhailov, KV, Miller, SL, Moncada, B, Moncalvo, JM, Monteiro, JS, Monteiro, M, Mora-Montes, HM, Moreau, PA, Mueller, GM, Mukhopadyay, S, Murugadoss, R, Nagy, LG, Najafiniya, M, Nanayakkara, CM, Nascimento, CC, Nei, Y, Neves, MA, Neuhauser, S, Niego, AGT, Nilsson, RH, Niskanen, T, Niveiro, N, Noorabadi, MT, Noordeloos, (Machiel E.), Norphanphoun, C, Nuñez Otaño, NB, O’Donnell, RP, Oehl, F, Olariaga, I, Orlando, FP, Pang, KL, Papp, V, Pawłowska, J, Peintner, U, Pem, D, Pereira, OL, Perera, RH, Perez-Moreno, J, Perez-Ortega, S, Péter, G, Phillips, AJL, Phonemany, M, Phukhamsakda, C, Phutthacharoen, K, Piepenbring, M, Pires-Zottarelli, CLA, Poinar, G, Pošta, A, Prieto, M, Promputtha, I, Quandt, CA, Radek, R, Rahnama, K, Raj, KNA, Rajeshkumar, KC, Rämä, T, Rambold, G, Ramírez-Cruz, V, Rasconi, S, Rathnayaka, AR, Raza, M, Ren, GC, Robledo, GL, Rodriguez-Flakus, P, Ronikier, A, Rossi, W, Ryberg, M, Ryvarden, LR, Salvador‑Montoya, CA, Samant, B, Samarakoon, BC, Samarakoon, MC, Sánchez-Castro, I, Sánchez-García, M, Sandoval-Denis, M, Santiago, ALCMA, Santamaria, B, Santos, ACS, Sarma, VV, Savchenko, A, Savchenko, K, Saxena, RK, Scholler, M, Schoutteten, N, Seifollahi, E, Selbmann, L, Selcuk, F, Senanayake, IC, Shabashova, TG, Shen, HW, Shen, YM, SilvaFilho, AGS, Simmons, DR, Singh, R, Sir, EB, Song, Chang-Ge, Souza-Motta, CM, Sruthi, OP, Stadler, M, Stchigel, AM, Stemler, J, Stephenson, SL, Strassert, JFH, Su, HL, Su, L, Suetrong, S, Sulistyo, B, Sun, YF, Sun, YR, Svantesson, Sten, Sysouphanthong, P, Takamatsu, S, Tan, TH, Tanaka, K, Tang, AMC, Tang, X, Tanney, JB, Tavakol, NM, Taylor, JE, Taylor, PWJ, Tedersoo, L, Tennakoon, DS, Thamodini, GK, Thines, M, Thiyagaraja, V, Thongklang, N, Tiago, PV, Tian, Q, Tian, WH, Tibell, L, Tibell, S, Tibpromma, S, Tkalčec, Z, Tomšovský, M, Toome-Heller, M, Torruella, G, Tsurykau, A, Udayanga, D, Ulukapi, M, Untereiner, WA, Uzunov, BA, Valle, LG, Van Caenegem, W, Van den Wyngaert, S, Van Vooren, N, Velez, P, Verma, RK, Vieira, LC, Vieira, WAS, Vizzini, A, Walker, A, Walker, AK, Wanasinghe, DN, Wang, CG, Wang, K, Wang, SX, Wang, XY, Wang, Y, Wannasawang, N, Wartchow, F, Wei, DP, Wei, XL, White, JF, Wijayawardene, NN, Wijesinghe, SN, Wijesundara, DSA, Wisitrassameewong, K, Worthy, FR, Wu, F, Wu, G, Wu, HX, Wu, N, Wu, WP, Wurzbacher, C, Xiao, YP, Xiong, YR, Xu, LJ, Xu, R, Xu, RF, Xu, RJ, Xu, TM, Yakovchenko, L, Yan, JY, Yang, H, Yang, J, Yang, ZL, Yang, YH, Yapa, N, Yasanthika, E, Youssef, NH, Yu, FM, Yu, Q, Yu, YX, Yu, ZF, Yuan, HS, Yuan, Y, Yurkov, A, Zafari, D, Zamora, JC, Zare, R, Zeng, M, Zeng, NK, Zeng, XY, Zhang, F, Zhang, H, Zhang, JF, Zhang, JY, Zhang, QY, Zhang, SN, Zhang, W, Zhang, Y, Zhang, YX, Zhao, CL, Zhao, H, Zhao, Q, Zhao, RL, Zhou, LW, Zhou, M, Zhurbenko, MP, Zin, HH, and Zucconi, L

Abstract

The Global Consortium for the Classification of Fungi and fungus-like taxa is an international initiative of more than 550 mycologists to develop an electronic structure for the classification of these organisms. The members of the Consortium originate from 55 countries/regions worldwide, from a wide range of disciplines, and include senior, mid-career and early-career mycologists and plant pathologists. The Consortium will publish a biannual update of the Outline of Fungi and funguslike taxa, to act as an international scheme for other scientists. Notes on all newly published taxa at or above the level of species will be prepared and published online on the Outline of Fungi website (https://www.outlineoffungi.org/), and these will be finally published in the biannual edition of the Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa. Comments on recent important taxonomic opinions on controversial topics will be included in the biannual outline. For example, ‘to promote a more stable taxonomy in Fusarium given the divergences over its generic delimitation’, or ‘are there too many genera in the Boletales?’ and even more importantly, ‘what should be done with the tremendously diverse ‘dark fungal taxa?’ There are undeniable differences in mycologists’ perceptions and opinions regarding species classification as well as the establishment of new species. Given the pluralistic nature of fungal taxonomy and its implications for species concepts and the nature of species, this consortium aims to provide a platform to better refine and stabilise fungal classification, taking into consideration views from different parties. In the future, a confidential voting system will be set up to gauge the opinions of all mycologists in the Consortium on important topics. The results of such surveys will be presented to the International Commission on the Taxonomy of Fungi (ICTF) and the Nomenclature Committee for Fungi (NCF) with opinions and percentages of votes for and against. Criticisms based o

Published
2023
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2. Decoding Pixel-Level Image Features From Two-Photon Calcium Signals of Macaque Visual Cortex

Author

Zhang, Y, Bu, T, Zhang, J, Tang, S, Yu, Z, Liu, JK, and Huang, T

Subjects
Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Cognitive Neuroscience, Visual Perception, Animals, Brain, Macaca, Calcium, Neural Networks, Computer, Photic Stimulation, Visual Cortex
Abstract

Images of visual scenes comprise essential features important for visual cognition of the brain. The complexity of visual features lies at different levels, from simple artificial patterns to natural images with different scenes. It has been a focus of using stimulus images to predict neural responses. However, it remains unclear how to extract features from neuronal responses. Here we address this question by leveraging two-photon calcium neural data recorded from the visual cortex of awake macaque monkeys. With stimuli including various categories of artificial patterns and diverse scenes of natural images, we employed a deep neural network decoder inspired by image segmentation technique. Consistent with the notation of sparse coding for natural images, a few neurons with stronger responses dominated the decoding performance, whereas decoding of ar tificial patterns needs a large number of neurons. When natural images using the model pretrained on artificial patterns are decoded, salient features of natural scenes can be extracted, as well as the conventional category information. Altogether, our results give a new perspective on studying neural encoding principles using reverse-engineering decoding strategies.

Published
2022
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5. Neural Decoding of Visual Information Across Different Neural Recording Modalities and Approaches

Author

Zhang, Y-J, Yu, Z-F, Liu, JK, and Huang, T-J

Abstract

Vision plays a peculiar role in intelligence. Visual information, forming a large part of the sensory information, is fed into the human brain to formulate various types of cognition and behaviours that make humans become intelligent agents. Recent advances have led to the development of brain-inspired algorithms and models for machine vision. One of the key components of these methods is the utilization of the computational principles underlying biological neurons. Additionally, advanced experimental neuroscience techniques have generated different types of neural signals that carry essential visual information. Thus, there is a high demand for mapping out functional models for reading out visual information from neural signals. Here, we briefly review recent progress on this issue with a focus on how machine learning techniques can help in the development of models for contending various types of neural signals, from fine-scale neural spikes and single-cell calcium imaging to coarse-scale electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging recordings of brain signals.

Published
2022

7. Neural Encoding and Decoding with a Flow-based Invertible Generative Model

Author

Zhou, Q, Du, C, Li, D, Wang, H, Liu, JK, and He, H

Subjects
Artificial Intelligence, Software
Abstract

Recent studies on visual neural encoding and decoding have made significant progress, benefiting from the latest advances in deep neural networks having powerful representations. However, two challenges remain. First, the current decoding algorithms based on deep generative models always struggle with information losses, which may cause blurry reconstruction. Second, most studies model the neural encoding and decoding processes separately, neglecting the inherent dual relationship between the two tasks. In this paper, we propose a novel neural encoding and decoding method with a two-stage flow-based invertible generative model to tackle the above issues. First, a convolutional auto-encoder is trained to bridge the stimuli space and the feature space. Second, an adversarial cross-modal normalizing flow is trained to build up a bijective transformation between image features and neural signals, with local and global constraints imposed on the latent space to render cross-modal alignment. The method eventually achieves bi-directional generation of visual stimuli and neural responses with a combination of the flow-based generator and the auto-encoder. The flow-based invertible generative model can minimize information losses and unify neural encoding and decoding into a single framework. Experimental results on different neural signals containing spike signals and functional magnetic resonance imaging demonstrate that our model achieves the best comprehensive performance among the comparison models.

Published
2022
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9. A unified neural circuit of causal inference and multisensory integration

Author

Fang, Y, Yu, Z, Liu, JK, and Chen, F

Abstract

Causal inference and multisensory integration are two fundamental processes of perception. It is generally believed that there should be one unified neural circuit in the brain to realize these two processes in an optimal way. However, there is no solution yet due to the complicated neural implementation for posterior probability computation. In this study, we propose a unified neural network by solving the complicated posterior probability computation. A unified theoretical framework is presented from the viewpoint of expectation. In addition, a biologically realistic neural circuit is proposed with the combination of importance sampling and probabilistic population coding. Theoretical analyses and simulation results manifest that our proposed neural circuit can implement both causal inference and multisensory integration. Taken together, our framework provides a new perspective of how different perceptual tasks can be performed by the same neural circuit.

Published
2019

10. Search for long-lived, massive particles in events with displaced vertices and missing transverse momentum in root S=13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

Author

Aaboud, M, Aad, G, Abbott, B, Artoni, G, Backes, M, Barr, AJ, Becker, K, Beresford, L, Bortoletto, D, Burr, JTP, Cooper-Sarkar, AM, Fawcett, WJ, Frost, JA, Gallas, EJ, Giuli, F, Gupta, S, Gwenlan, C, Hays, CP, Huffman, TB, Issever, C, Liu, JK, Marchese, L, Nagai, K, Nelson, ME, Nickerson, RB, Norjoharuddeen, N, Petrov, M, Pickering, MA, Radescu, V, Shipsey, IPJ, Tseng, JC-L, Viehhauser, GHA, Vigani, L, Weidberg, AR, Zemaityte, G, and ATLAS Collaboration

Published
2019

14. Identification of natural recombinants derived from PCV2a and PCV2b

Author

Zeng Sy, Deng Sf, Xia Zhou, Man-Lin Luo, Hu J, Junqiong Zhai, Liu Jk, Zheng Y, Cheng S, Wang Hx, Shao-Lun Zhai, Chen Hl, Sun Bb, and Li Xp

Subjects
Circovirus, Swine, animal diseases, Molecular Sequence Data, Biology, Genetic recombination, Genome, law.invention, Cell Line, law, Genetics, Coding region, Animals, Circoviridae Infections, Molecular Biology, Polymerase chain reaction, Phylogeny, Recombination, Genetic, Phylogenetic tree, Base Sequence, virus diseases, Epithelial Cells, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Porcine circovirus, DNA, Viral, Recombinant DNA, Lymph Nodes, Sequence Alignment, Recombination, Reassortant Viruses, Spleen
Abstract

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is considered to be the main pathogen in PC-associated diseases, and significantly affects the global pig-producing industry. PCV2 continuously evolves by point mutations and genome recombinations. In the present study, we aimed to further identify recombinant PCV2 strains. We used polymerase chain reaction to detect PCV2 in the carcasses of pigs with suspected infections from different regions of Guangdong Province in China. DNA was extracted from samples with confirmed infection and full- genome amplification, sequencing, phylogenetic tree construction, gene recombination detection, and sequence alignment were performed in gene recombination analysis. Our results show that recombination occurred between the strains SHC (DQ104421) and ZhuJi2003 (AY579893). The recombination resulted in three recombinants: GD003 (KM503044), GD005 (KM487708), and GD008 (KM487709). Further analyses revealed that these novel recombinants appeared to result from recombination between the PCV2a and PCV2b strains, with crossover regions located in ORF2. This study was a comprehensive analysis that used several different methods, which demonstrated that a cluster of PCV2 strains resulted from the same type of inter-genotypic recombination pattern, with a breakpoint in the structural protein coding region. The results of our study provide both information on the recombination mechanism and disease pathogenesis and useful data for the prevention of PCV2 in the swine industry.

Published
2015

15. Spike-Triggered Covariance Analysis Reveals Phenomenological Diversity of Contrast Adaptation in the Retina

Author

Liu, JK and Gollisch, T

Subjects
lcsh:Biology (General), sense organs, lcsh:QH301-705.5, Action potentials, Covariance, Eigenvalues, Ganglion cells, Retina, Retinal ganglion cells, Salamanders, Signal filtering
Abstract

When visual contrast changes, retinal ganglion cells adapt by adjusting their sensitivity as well as their temporal filtering characteristics. The latter has classically been described by contrast-induced gain changes that depend on temporal frequency. Here, we explored a new perspective on contrast-induced changes in temporal filtering by using spike-triggered covariance analysis to extract multiple parallel temporal filters for individual ganglion cells. Based on multielectrode-array recordings from ganglion cells in the isolated salamander retina, we found that contrast adaptation of temporal filtering can largely be captured by contrast-invariant sets of filters with contrast-dependent weights. Moreover, differences among the ganglion cells in the filter sets and their contrast-dependent contributions allowed us to phenomenologically distinguish three types of filter changes. The first type is characterized by newly emerging features at higher contrast, which can be reproduced by computational models that contain response-triggered gain-control mechanisms. The second type follows from stronger adaptation in the Off pathway as compared to the On pathway in On-Off-type ganglion cells. Finally, we found that, in a subset of neurons, contrast-induced filter changes are governed by particularly strong spike-timing dynamics, in particular by pronounced stimulus-dependent latency shifts that can be observed in these cells. Together, our results show that the contrast dependence of temporal filtering in retinal ganglion cells has a multifaceted phenomenology and that a multi-filter analysis can provide a useful basis for capturing the underlying signal-processing dynamics. Open-Access-Publikationsfonds 2015 peerReviewed

Published
2015

16. Attribute-Based Data Sharing Scheme Revisited in Cloud Computing

Author

Wang, S, Liang, K, Liu, JK, Chen, J, Yu, J, Xie, W, Wang, S, Liang, K, Liu, JK, Chen, J, Yu, J, and Xie, W

Abstract

Ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption (CP-ABE) is a very promising encryption technique for secure data sharing in the context of cloud computing. Data owner is allowed to fully control the access policy associated with his data which to be shared. However, CP-ABE is limited to a potential security risk that is known as key escrow problem, whereby the secret keys of users have to be issued by a trusted key authority. Besides, most of the existing CP-ABE schemes cannot support attribute with arbitrary state. In this paper, we revisit attribute-based data sharing scheme in order to solve the key escrow issue but also improve the expressiveness of attribute, so that the resulting scheme is more friendly to cloud computing applications. We propose an improved two-party key issuing protocol that can guarantee that neither key authority nor cloud service provider can compromise the whole secret key of a user individually. Moreover, we introduce the concept of attribute with weight, being provided to enhance the expression of attribute, which can not only extend the expression from binary to arbitrary state, but also lighten the complexity of access policy. Therefore, both storage cost and encryption complexity for a ciphertext are relieved. The performance analysis and the security proof show that the proposed scheme is able to achieve efficient and secure data sharing in cloud computing.

Published
2016

17. Privacy-Preserving and Regular Language Search Over Encrypted Cloud Data

Author

Liang, K, Huang, X, Guo, F, Liu, JK, Liang, K, Huang, X, Guo, F, and Liu, JK

Abstract

Using cloud-based storage service, users can remotely store their data to clouds but also enjoy the high quality data retrieval services, without the tedious and cumbersome local data storage and maintenance. However, the sole storage service cannot satisfy all desirable requirements of users. Over the last decade, privacy-preserving search over encrypted cloud data has been a meaningful and practical research topic for outsourced data security. The fact of remote cloud storage service that users cannot have full physical possession of their data makes the privacy data search a formidable mission. A naive solution is to delegate a trusted party to access the stored data and fulfill a search task. This, nevertheless, does not scale well in practice as the fully data access may easily yield harm for user privacy. To securely introduce an effective solution, we should guarantee the privacy of search contents, i.e., what a user wants to search, and return results, i.e., what a server returns to the user. Furthermore, we also need to guarantee privacy for the outsourced data, and bring no additional local search burden to user. In this paper, we design a novel privacy-preserving functional encryption-based search mechanism over encrypted cloud data. A major advantage of our new primitive compared with the existing public key based search systems is that it supports an extreme expressive search mode, regular language search. Our security and performance analysis show that the proposed system is provably secure and more efficient than some searchable systems with high expressiveness.

Published
2016

18. Mode localization and frequency loci veering in an aircraft with external stores

Author

Chan Hc and Liu Jk

Subjects
Geometric group theory, Mechanics of Materials, Control theory, Mechanical Engineering, Mathematical analysis, Mode (statistics), Building and Construction, Complex plane, Geometric mapping, Subspace topology, Civil and Structural Engineering, Mathematics
Abstract

This paper presents an investigation of the mode localization and frequency loci veering phenomena in an aircraft with disordered external stores. Two theoretical analyses are carried out to study the occurring mechanism of the two phenomena: condensation technique in the subspace spanned by modes of interest and geometric mapping theory in the complex plane. Two simple criteria for predicting the occurrence of the mode localization and frequency loci veering are put forward. The prediction of the phenomena by our theoretically proposed criteria is in good agreement with that obtained through numerical calculations of characteristic solutions of the disordered system.

Published
1999
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23. Design research on business models in home healthcare

Author

Simonse, LWL, Zonneland, J, Liu, KQ, Govers, F, Vincent, R, Laban, V, Jensen, MG, van Roest, I, Hulsebosch, M, Hibolling, S, Voorend, M, Jun, C, Lockwood, T, Liu, JK, Wang, S, Song, Q, Siu, N, and Lee, A

Abstract

In Home Healthcare, a huge number of telemonitoring pilots have been executed. Positive indications suggest reduction of health problems and support in helping patients to gain control. For healthcare providers, significantreductions in healthcare costs have been estimated. However,” despite this large amount of pilot studies and the positive indications of benefits, there is only minor use of these telemonitoring systems outside research projects”.Gruber ea.(2009) identified a major innovation barrier for the diffusion of telemonitoring solutions to health care providers: “Unclear business models and high costs of change for the health providers”. Traditional businessmodels of the healthcare providers seem not to fit with the telemonitoring solutions. We started a design research study to investigate the business model designs of home healthcare services. We used an inductive researchapproach by in-depth qualitative analysis grounded in telemonitoring pilot studies. We first build our research on the four box framework of business model designs (ea. Johnson ea. 2008, Amit & Zott, 2009). Then we exploredhome healthcare services in the Netherlands and China. In the Netherlands we collected data from different actor perspectives (#32). In Eastern China we collected data from end users (#8) and compared this to an end user groupsin the Netherlands. These findings results in an overview of insights for business models in home health care.

Published
2011

24. Ballistic-electron-emission microscopy of electron transport through AlAs/GaAs heterostructures

Author

Liu Jk, L. C. Davis, Frank J. Grunthaner, L. D. Bell, Michael H. Hecht, and William J. Kaiser

Subjects
Electron transmission, Quantitative Biology::Biomolecules, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Formalism (philosophy of mathematics), Tight binding, Materials science, Condensed matter physics, Electrical resistivity and conductivity, Heterojunction, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, Spectroscopy, Electron transport chain, Ballistic electron emission microscopy
Abstract

BEEM spectroscopy has been used to characterize hot-carrier transport through AlAs/GaAs heterostructures. The dependence of electron transmission on AlAs thickness has been directly measured, and the position of the AlAs L 1 minima, which has been subject to some uncertainty in the past, has been determined. First-principles transmission calculations, based on a tight-binding formalism, are compared to the results of BEEM spectroscopy

Published
1993
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26. A Spike-Timing Pattern Based Neural Network Model for the Study of Memory Dynamics

Author

Liu, JK and She, Z-S

Subjects
Quantitative Biology::Neurons and Cognition
Abstract

It is well accepted that the brain's computation relies on spatiotemporal activity of neural networks. In particular, there is growing evidence of the importance of continuously and precisely timed spiking activity. Therefore, it is important to characterize memory states in terms of spike-timing patterns that give both reliable memory of firing activities and precise memory of firing timings. The relationship between memory states and spike-timing patterns has been studied empirically with large-scale recording of neuron population in recent years. Here, by using a recurrent neural network model with dynamics at two time scales, we construct a dynamical memory network model which embeds both fast neural and synaptic variation and slow learning dynamics. A state vector is proposed to describe memory states in terms of spike-timing patterns of neural population, and a distance measure of state vector is defined to study several important phenomena of memory dynamics: partial memory recall, learning efficiency, learning with correlated stimuli. We show that the distance measure can capture the timing difference of memory states. In addition, we examine the influence of network topology on learning ability, and show that local connections can increase the network's ability to embed more memory states. Together theses results suggest that the proposed system based on spike-timing patterns gives a productive model for the study of detailed learning and memory dynamics.

Published
2009

40. Implication of a tryptophyl residue in the active site of dihydrofolate reductase

Author

Liu Jk and Dunlap Rb

Subjects
Protein Denaturation, Stereochemistry, Succinimides, Biochemistry, Residue (chemistry), Dihydrofolate reductase, Urea, Amino Acids, Binding Sites, biology, Chemistry, Tryptophan, Active site, Drug Resistance, Microbial, Chromatography, Ion Exchange, Lacticaseibacillus casei, Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase, Methotrexate, biology.protein, Chromatography, Gel, Folic Acid Antagonists, Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel, Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet, Dialysis, Oxidation-Reduction, NADP
Published
1974

41. Stereuins A-F: Isopentenyl benzene congeners with antibacterial and neurotrophic activities from Stereum hirsutum HFG27.

Author

Zhao ZZ, Zhang F, He HJ, Wang Y, Du JH, Wang ZZ, Chen H, and Liu JK

Subjects
Molecular Structure, Basidiomycota chemistry, Structure-Activity Relationship, Animals, Benzene Derivatives pharmacology, Benzene Derivatives chemistry, Benzene Derivatives isolation & purification, Neuronal Outgrowth drug effects, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Rats, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Anti-Bacterial Agents chemistry, Anti-Bacterial Agents isolation & purification, Staphylococcus aureus drug effects, Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Abstract

Cultivation and extraction of the fungus Stereum hirsutum (Willd.) Pers. yielded 12 isopentenyl benzene derivatives, including six previously undescribed derivatives, named stereuins A-F. Their structures were established based on NMR and mass spectroscopy analyses, supplemented by comparison with previously reported data. Stereuins A-C are unique benzoate derivatives containing fatty acid subunits. Stereuins D and E feature a valylene group and a 6/6/6 ring system. In vitro, stereuin A significantly promoted neurite outgrowth. Several compounds exhibited antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Stereuin F has an IC 50 value of 5.2 μg/mL against S. aureus, comparable to the positive control, penicillin G sodium (1.4 μg/mL)., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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42. Myosuppressin signaling deficiency affects ovarian development via repression of 20-hydroxyecdysone biosynthesis in Grapholita molesta.

Author

Cheng J, Liu JK, Wang TL, Wei W, Xiang HM, Li XW, Ma RY, and Zhao ZG

Subjects
Animals, Female, Insect Proteins genetics, Insect Proteins metabolism, Neuropeptides metabolism, Neuropeptides genetics, Hemiptera metabolism, Hemiptera genetics, Hemiptera growth & development, Vitellogenins metabolism, Vitellogenins genetics, Vitellogenesis, Ovary metabolism, Ovary growth & development, Ecdysterone metabolism, Signal Transduction
Abstract

The steroid 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) is crucial in regulating ovarian development. However, the neuropeptidergic mechanisms underlying ovarian development via 20E are underexplored. In this study, we investigated myosuppressin (MS) signaling in the dominant fruit pest Grapholita molesta and revealed that MS signaling is necessary for 20E biosynthesis during ovarian maturation. Pharmacological and molecular docking analyses confirmed that the GmMS mature peptide could activate its receptor GmMSR. Additionally, transcript expression analyses of GmMS and GmMSR showed different distribution patterns in adults. Notably, GmMSR was also detected in the ovaries of sexually mature females. RNAi-mediated dysfunction of GmMS or GmMSR specifically decreased fertility in females. Furthermore, GmMS or GmMSR knockdown decreased vitellogenin synthesis and uptake, thereby delaying ovarian development. RNA-seq, gene expression validation, and hormone quantification further revealed that GmMS signaling depletion blocked 20E biosynthesis in the ovary. Finally, exogenous MS rescued most dsGmMS- or dsGmMSR-induced ovarian defects and 20E titers. These results suggest that MS/MSR-to-20E signaling regulates ovarian development through vitellogenesis, providing a new perspective on the development of neuroendocrine targets that suppress pest field populations., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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43. Hypofractionated and intensity-modulated radiotherapy combined with systemic therapy in metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma: A case report.

Author

Chen QQ, Chen CQ, Liu JK, Huang MY, Pan M, and Huang H

Abstract

Background: Liver cancer treatment is characterized by multidisciplinary participation and coexistence of multiple treatment methods. Hypofractionated and intensity-modulated radiotherapy is a new precise radiotherapy technique applied to the treatment of systemic malignant tumors. There is a lack of understanding of hypofractionated and intensity-modulated radiotherapy combined with systemic therapy in metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)., Case Summary: We report a case of metastatic HCC treated with hypofractionated and intensity-modulated radiotherapy combined with systemic therapy. A 41-year-old man was diagnosed with metastatic HCC (T3N1M1 stage IVB). Because it was found to be in the late stage of cancer and had already metastasized, it was impossible to undergo surgical treatment. In addition to aggressive comprehensive treatment for the primary lesion, local treatment for metastatic cancer can improve the patient's survival potential. Hypofractionated and intensity-modulated radiotherapy can provide a larger single treatment dose within a shorter overall treatment time, and improve the local control rate of the tumor. Follow-up examination demonstrated that the tumor and metastatic lesions had shrunk after therapy. The treatment has showed good efficacy. The patient survived for 18 months without disease progression and stable disease persisted for > 38 months., Conclusion: Targeted therapy and immunotherapy followed by hypofractionated and intensity-modulated radiotherapy are also effective for advanced metastatic HCC., Competing Interests: Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to disclose., (©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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44. Morpho-phylogenetic evidence reveals novel species and new records of Nigrograna (Nigrogranaceae) associated with medicinal plants in Southwestern China.

Author

Du HZ, Lu YH, Cheewangkoon R, and Liu JK

Abstract

During a survey of saprobic fungal niches in Southwestern China, eighteen ascomycetous collections of Nigrograna (Nigrogranaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes) were found on dead branches of medicinal plants. These taxa were characterized and identified based on morphological and culture characteristics, and phylogenetic analyses of a combined the internal transcribed spacer region of rDNA (ITS), nuclear large subunit rDNA (28S, LSU), RNA polymerase second-largest subunit (rpb2), nuclear small subunit rDNA (18S, SSU), and translation elongation factor 1-alpha ( tef1-α ) sequence dataset also confirmed their placement. As a result, four novel species, namely Nigrogranacamelliae , N.guttulata , N.longiorostiolata and N.neriicola were described. Additionally, four new host records of N.acericola , N.magnoliae , N.oleae and N.thymi were introduced. Furthermore, this study addresses the taxonomic status of N.trachycarpi , proposing its synonymy under N.oleae . Detailed illustrations, descriptions and informative notes for each newly identified taxon and novel host record are provided in this study., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Hong-Zhi Du, Yu-Hang Lu, Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon, Jian-Kui Liu.)

Published
2024
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46. Interoception mediates the association between social support and sociability in patients with major depressive disorder.

Author

Wang WL, Liu JK, Sun YF, Liu XH, Ma YH, Gao XZ, Chen LM, Zhou ZH, and Zhou HL

Abstract

Background: Interoception dysfunction has an important impact on the onset and development of major depressive disorder (MDD). Social support serves as a protective factor against MDD, and sociability also plays a significant role in this condition. These interconnected constructs-social support and sociability-play pivotal roles in MDD. However, no research on the mechanisms underlying the associations between social support and sociability, particularly the potential role of interoception, have been reported., Aim: To investigate the mediating effect of interoception between social support and social ability and to explore the independent role of social support in sociability., Methods: The participants included 292 patients with MDD and 257 healthy controls (HCs). The patient health questionnaire 9, the multidimensional assessment of interoception awareness, version 2 (MAIA-2), the social support rating scale (SSRS), and the Texas social behavior inventory (TSBI) were used to assess depression, interoception, social support, and sociability, respectively. A mediation analysis model for the eight dimensions of interoception (noticing, not distracting, not worrying, attention regulation, emotional awareness, self-regulation, body listening, and trust), social support, and sociability were established to evaluate the mediating effects., Results: A partial correlation analysis of eight dimensions of the MAIA-2, SSRS, and TSBI scores, with demographic data as control variables, revealed pairwise correlations between the SSRS score and both the MAIA-2 score and TSBI score. In the major depression (MD) group, the SSRS score had a positive direct effect on the TSBI score, while the scores for body listening, emotional awareness, self-regulation, and trust in the MAIA-2C had indirect effects on the TSBI score. In the HC group, the SSRS score had a positive direct effect on the TSBI score, and the scores for attention regulation, emotional awareness, self-regulation, and trust in the MAIA-2C had indirect effects on the TSBI score. The proportion of mediators in the MD group was lower than that in the HC group., Conclusion: Interoceptive awareness is a mediating factor in the association between social support and sociability in both HCs and depressed patients. Training in interoceptive awareness might not only help improve emotional regulation in depressed patients but also enhance their social skills and support networks., Competing Interests: Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest., (©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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47. Erinacenones A-L: Twelve New Isoindolinone Alkaloids from the Edible and Medicinal Mushroom Hericium erinaceus .

Author

Yuan LL and Liu JK

Subjects
Humans, MCF-7 Cells, Molecular Structure, Antineoplastic Agents pharmacology, Antineoplastic Agents chemistry, Antineoplastic Agents isolation & purification, Agaricales chemistry, Isoindoles chemistry, Isoindoles pharmacology, Isoindoles isolation & purification, Hericium chemistry, Alkaloids chemistry, Alkaloids pharmacology, Alkaloids isolation & purification
Abstract

A total of twelve previously unreported isoindolin-1-one compounds, erinacenones A-L ( 1 - 12 ), were isolated from liquid cultures of the medicinal fungus Hericium erinaceus . Their structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic data analysis. The absolute configuration of 12 was determined by comparing its optical rotations with values reported in the literature. The most distinctive feature of these compounds is that their nitrogen atoms are connected to different parts of the special structure moieties. Among them, compounds 3 and 4 , as well as 10 and 11 , are two pairs of isomers differing only by a small change in the position of one double bond. Compounds 4 and 5 were found to show cytotoxic activities, with IC 50 values of 24.7 and 18.4 μM, respectively, against MCF-7 cell lines.

Published
2024
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49. Association of the Triglyceride-Glucose Index With Resistant Hypertension and a Nomogram Model Construction.

Author

Yang HT, Liu JK, Liu BQ, Yang Y, and Xie X

Subjects
Humans, Female, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, China epidemiology, Risk Assessment, Aged, Biomarkers blood, Incidence, Blood Pressure physiology, Drug Resistance, Predictive Value of Tests, Nomograms, Hypertension blood, Hypertension epidemiology, Hypertension diagnosis, Hypertension physiopathology, Triglycerides blood, Blood Glucose metabolism, Insulin Resistance
Abstract

Background: Resistant hypertension (RH) remains one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease. This study aims to investigate the association between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and RH incidence in patients with hypertension and to construct a nomogram for predicting the occurrence of RH., Methods and Results: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 1635 patients initially diagnosed with hypertension at the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from August 2019 to August 2021. Patients were followed up for a median of 31 months, with 373 cases (22.81%) developing RH. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression and multivariable Cox regression analysis identified the TyG index as the strongest predictor of RH (hazard ratio, 5.472 [95% CI, 4.028-7.433]; P <0.001). Consistent results were also observed in subgroup analyses across different ages and sexes. In addition to the TyG index, other independent risk factors, including uric acid, age, and the apnea-hypopnea index, were noted. A nomogram model was subsequently developed using these risk factors, and including the TyG index notably enhanced the diagnostic effectiveness of the model in predicting the occurrence of RH., Conclusions: The TyG index appears to be a potential predictor of RH in patients with hypertension, indicating that insulin resistance might be an important factor in the development and progression of RH.

Published
2024
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50. Sesquiterpenoids from Carpesium abrotanoides and their anti-inflammatory activity both in vitro and in vivo.

Author

Zhang XF, Li HF, Liu H, Wei FL, Du JX, Liu JK, He J, and Feng T

Subjects
Animals, Mice, RAW 264.7 Cells, Molecular Structure, Structure-Activity Relationship, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Lipopolysaccharides antagonists & inhibitors, Lipopolysaccharides pharmacology, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal pharmacology, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal chemistry, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal isolation & purification, Anti-Inflammatory Agents pharmacology, Anti-Inflammatory Agents chemistry, Anti-Inflammatory Agents isolation & purification, Macrophages drug effects, Male, Sesquiterpenes pharmacology, Sesquiterpenes chemistry, Sesquiterpenes isolation & purification, Asteraceae chemistry, Nitric Oxide antagonists & inhibitors, Nitric Oxide biosynthesis, Nitric Oxide metabolism
Abstract

Twenty-nine sesquiterpenoids, including pseudoguaiane-type (1-11), eudesmane-type (12-23), and carabrane-type (24-29), have been identified from the plant Carpesium abrotanoides. Of them, compounds 1-4, 12-15, and 24-27, namely carpabrotins A-L, are twelve previously undescribed ones. Compound 3 possessed a pseudoguaiane backbone with a rearrangement modification at C-11, C-12 and C-13, while compound 4 suffered a carbon bond break between the C-4 and C-5 to form a rare 4,5-seco-pseudoguaiane lactone. Compounds 1-3, 5, 13-16 and 25-27 exhibited anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting NO production in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages with IC 50 values less than 40 μM, while compounds 1, 2, 5, 13, 14, 16, and 25-27 showed significant inhibitory activity comparable to that of dexamethasone. The anti-atopic dermatitis (AD) effects of compounds 5 and 16 were tested according to 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced AD-like skin lesions in KM mice, and the results revealed that the major products 5 and 16 improved the histological features of AD-like skin lesions and mast cell infiltration in mice. This study suggested that sesquiterpenoids in C. abrotanoides should play a key role in its anti-inflammatory use., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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