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1. Positive steady states of a class of power law systems with independent decompositions

Author

Alamin, Al Jay Lan J. and Hernandez, Bryan S.

Subjects
Mathematics - Dynamical Systems
Abstract

Power law systems have been studied extensively due to their wide-ranging applications, particularly in chemistry. In this work, we focus on power law systems that can be decomposed into stoichiometrically independent subsystems. We show that for such systems where the ranks of the augmented matrices containing the kinetic order vectors of the underlying subnetworks sum up to the rank of the augmented matrix containing the kinetic order vectors of the entire network, then the existence of the positive steady states of each stoichiometrically independent subsystem is a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of the positive steady states of the given power law system. We demonstrate the result through illustrative examples. One of which is a network of a carbon cycle model that satisfies the assumption, while the other network fails to meet the assumption. Finally, using the aforementioned result, we present a systematic method for deriving positive steady state parametrizations for the mentioned subclass of power law systems, which is a generalization of our recent method for mass action systems.

Published
2024

2. Analysis of Influencing Factors and Construction of Predictive Model for Persistent Cough After Lung Cancer Resection Under Thoracoscopy

Author

Lan J, Lin X, and Liu L

Subjects
lung cancer, thoracoscopic resection, persistent cough, influencing factors, prediction model, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Jingling Lan, Xia Lin, Li Liu Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui City, Zhejiang Province, 323000, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Li Liu, Department of Cardiothoracic surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Central Hospital, No. 289 Kuocang Road, Liandu District, Lishui City, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China, Email longndj34@163.comObjective: This study aims to explore the influencing factors of cough after pulmonary resection (CAP) after thoracoscopic lung resection in lung cancer patients and to develop a predictive model.Methods: A total of 374 lung cancer patients who underwent lung resection in our hospital from March 2020 to October 2023 were randomly divided into a modeling group (n=262) and a validation group (n=112). Based on the occurrence of CAP in the modeling group, the patients were divided into a CAP group (n=85) and a non-CAP group (n=177). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the influencing factors of CAP in lung cancer patients. A nomogram model for predicting the risk of CAP was constructed using R4.3.1. The consistency of the model’s predictions was evaluated, and a clinical decision curve (DCA) was drawn to assess the clinical utility of the nomogram. The predictive performance of the model was evaluated using ROC curves and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test.Results: Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that smoking history (OR=6.285, 95% CI: 3.031– 13.036), preoperative respiratory function training (OR=20.293, 95% CI: 7.518– 54.779), surgical scope (OR=20.667, 95% CI: 7.734– 55.228), and peribronchial lymph node dissection (OR=5.883, 95% CI: 2.829– 12.235) were significant influencing factors of CAP in lung cancer patients (P< 0.05). ROC curves indicated good discriminatory power of the model, and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed a high degree of agreement between predicted and actual probabilities. The DCA curve revealed that the nomogram model had high clinical value when the high-risk threshold was between 0.08 and 0.98.Conclusion: The nomogram model based on smoking history, preoperative respiratory function training, surgical scope, and peribronchial lymph node dissection has high predictive performance for CAP in lung cancer patients. It is useful for clinical prediction, guiding preoperative preparation, and postoperative care.Keywords: lung cancer, thoracoscopic resection, persistent cough, influencing factors, prediction model

Published
2024

3. Transforming Cancer Treatment with Nanotechnology: The Role of Berberine as a Star Natural Compound

Author

Sun L, Lan J, Li Z, Zeng R, Shen Y, Zhang T, and Ding Y

Subjects
berberine, anti-cancer, nano drug delivery system, combination therapy, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Liyan Sun,1 Jinshuai Lan,1,2 Zhe Li,1,2 Ruifeng Zeng,1,2 Yi Shen,1 Tong Zhang,1,2 Yue Ding1– 3 1School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People’s Republic of China; 2State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People’s Republic of China; 3National Innovation Platform for Medical Industry-Education Integration, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yue Ding; Tong Zhang, Email dingyue-2001@hotmail.com; zhangtongshutcm@hotmail.comAbstract: Berberine (BBR), recognized as an oncotherapeutic phytochemical, exhibits its anti-cancer properties via multiple molecular pathways. However, its clinical application is hindered by suboptimal tumor accumulation, rapid systemic elimination, and diminished bioactive concentration owing to extensive metabolic degradation. To circumvent these limitations, the strategic employment of nanocarriers and other drugs in combination with BBR is emerging as a focus to potentiate its anti-cancer efficacy. This review introduced the expansive spectrum of BBR’s anti-cancer activities, BBR and other drugs co-loaded nanocarriers for anti-cancer treatments, and evaluated the synergistic augmentation of these amalgamated modalities. The aim is to provide an overview of BBR for cancer treatment based on nano-delivery. Berberine (BBR), recognized as an oncotherapeutic phytochemical, exhibits its anti-cancer properties via multiple molecular pathways. However, its clinical application is hindered by suboptimal tumor accumulation, rapid systemic elimination, and diminished bioactive concentration owing to extensive metabolic degradation. To circumvent these limitations, the strategic employment of nanocarriers and other drugs in combination with BBR is emerging as a focus to potentiate its anti-cancer efficacy. Nano-delivery systems increase drug concentration at the tumor site by improving pharmacological activity and tissue distribution, enhancing drug bioavailability. Organic nanocarriers have advantages for berberine delivery including biocompatibility, encapsulation, and controlled release of the drug. While the advantages of inorganic nanocarriers for berberine delivery mainly lie in their efficient loading ability of the drug and their slow release ability of the drug. This review introduced the expansive spectrum of BBR’s anti-cancer activities, BBR and other drugs co-loaded nanocarriers for anti-cancer treatments, and evaluated the synergistic augmentation of these amalgamated modalities. The aim is to provide an overview of BBR for cancer treatment based on nano-delivery.Keywords: berberine, anti-cancer, nano drug delivery system, combination therapy

Published
2024

6. Guanine-Rich RNA Sequence Binding Factor 1 Deficiency Promotes Colorectal Cancer Progression by Regulating PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway

Author

Huang J, Liu J, Lan J, Sun J, Zhou K, Deng Y, Liang L, Liu L, and Liu X

Subjects
grsf1, crc, proliferation, metastasis, ras/pi3k/akt, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Jingzhan Huang,1,&ast; Jialong Liu,1,&ast; Jin Lan,1,&ast; Jingbo Sun,1 Kun Zhou,1 Yunyao Deng,1 Li Liang,2 Lixin Liu,1,&ast; Xiaolong Liu1 1Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Lixin Liu; Xiaolong Liu, Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, 183 West Zhongshan Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, People’s Republic of China, Email llx0129@i.smu.edu.cn; lxl1979@i.smu.edu.cnBackground: Guanine-rich RNA sequence binding factor 1 (GRSF1), part of the RNA-binding protein family, is now attracting interest due to its potential association with the progression of a variety of human cancers. The precise contribution and molecular mechanism of GRSF1 to colorectal cancer (CRC) progression, however, have yet to be clarified.Methods: Immunohistochemistry and Western Blot analysis was carried out to detect the expression of GRSF1 in CRC at both mRNA and protein levels and its subsequent effects on prognosis. A series of functional tests were performed to understand its influence on proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells.Results: The universal downregulation of GRSF1 in CRC was identified, indicating a correlation with poor prognosis. Our functional studies unveiled that the elimination of GRSF1 enhances tumour activities such as proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells, while GRSF1 overexpression curtailed these abilities.Conclusion: Notably, we uncovered that GRSF1 insufficiency modulates the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and Ras activation in CRC. Therefore, our data suggest GRSF1 operates as a tumor suppressor gene in CRC and may offer promise as a potential biomarker and novel therapeutic target in CRC management. Keywords: GRSF1, CRC, proliferation, metastasis, Ras/PI3K/Akt

Published
2024

7. Self-Assembled Nanoparticles from Xie-Bai-San Decoction: Isolation, Characterization and Enhancing Oral Bioavailability

Author

Nie W, Liu Y, Lan J, Li T, He Y, Li Z, Zhang T, and Ding Y

Subjects
nanoparticles, enhancing bioavailability, comparative pharmacokinetics, uplc-ms/ms, xie-bai-san decoction, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Wenlong Nie,&ast; Yun Liu,&ast; Jinshuai Lan, Ting Li, Yitian He, Zhe Li, Tong Zhang, Yue Ding School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201210, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Tong Zhang; Yue Ding, Email zhangtongshutcm@hotmail.com; Dingyue-2001@hotmail.comBackground: Natural nanoparticles have been found to exist in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) decoctions. However, whether natural nanoparticles can influence the oral bioavailability of active compounds has not been elucidated. Using Xie-Bai-San decoction (XBSD) as an example, the purpose of this study was to isolate, characterize and elucidate the mechanism of the nanoparticles (N-XBSD) in XBSD, and further to explore whether the bioavailability of the main active compounds could be enhanced by N-XBSD.Methods: N-XBSD were isolated from XBSD, and investigated its characterization and study of its formation mechanism, and evaluation of its ability to enhance bioavailability of active compounds.Results: The N-XBSD was successfully isolated with the average particle size of 104.53 nm, PDI of 0.27 and zeta potential of − 5.14 mV. Meanwhile, all the eight active compounds were most presented in N-XBSD. Kukoamine B could self-assemble with mulberroside A or liquiritin to form nanoparticles, respectively. And the FT-IR and HRMS results indicated the possible binding of the ammonium group of kukoamine B with the phenolic hydroxyl group of mulberroside A or liquiritin, respectively. The established UPLC-MS/MS method was accurate and reliable and met the quantitative requirements. The pharmacokinetic behaviors of the N-XBSD and decoction were similar in rats. Most notably, compared to that of free drugs, the Cmax, AUC0-∞, AUC0-t, T1/2 and MRT0-∞ values of index compounds were the higher in N-XBSD, with a slower plasma clearance rate in rats.Conclusion: The major active compounds of XBSD were mainly distributed in N-XBSD, and N-XBSD was formed through self-assembly among active compounds. N-XBSD could obviously promote the bioavailability of active compounds, indicating natural nanoparticles of decoctions play an important role in therapeutic effects. Keywords: nanoparticles, enhancing bioavailability, comparative pharmacokinetics, UPLC-MS/MS, Xie-Bai-San decoction

Published
2024

9. Comparison of the Graduate Education between Canada and China

Author

Tang, Tao, Aldhaeebi, Maged A., Lan, J. Q., and Bamanger, Ebrahim

Abstract

In this study, a comparison of the graduate education program between Canada and China is presented. Compared with some developed countries in Europe and America, Canada's graduate education does not start too early. After World War II, especially in recent decades, its graduate education has developed rapidly. The reason is that under the situation of the rapid development of science, technology, and economy in domestic and foreign scale, the Canadian federal government and provincial government gradually realize the importance of graduate education; therefore, they vigorously support and fund graduate education. China's graduate education has started later than Canada's. However, it has developed rapidly in recent years. Canadian and Chinese graduate education have their distinct characteristics with some similarities and some differences. The development history, present situation and problems, training mode and future development of graduate education in Canada and China are compared, and then some suggestions for the development of graduate education in China are presented accordingly.

Published
2020

10. Optimal Teicoplanin Dosage Regimens in Critically Ill Patients: Population Pharmacokinetics and Dosing Simulations Based on Renal Function and Infection Type

Author

Wang Y, Yao F, Chen S, Ouyang X, Lan J, Wu Z, Chen J, Wang X, and Chen C

Subjects
teicoplanin, pharmacokinetics, monte carlo simulation, intensive care unit, renal function, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Yifan Wang,1,2,&ast; Fen Yao,2,&ast; Shenglong Chen,3 Xin Ouyang,4 Jinhua Lan,5 Zheng Wu,2 Yirong Wang,2 Jingchun Chen,2 Xipei Wang,6,7 Chunbo Chen1 1Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Intensive Care Unit of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, Guangzhou, 510010, People’s Republic of China; 6Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China; 7Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Chunbo Chen, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020, People’s Republic of China, Email gghccm@163.com Xipei Wang, Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China, Email xipei_wang@163.comPurpose: To develop a population pharmacokinetic model describing teicoplanin concentrations in patients hospitalized in intensive care unit (ICU) and to perform Monte Carlo simulations to provide detailed dosing regimens of teicoplanin.Methods: This single-center, prospective, observational study was conducted on 151 patients in ICU with 347 plasma samples. The population pharmacokinetics model was established and various covariates were evaluated. The probability of target attainment (PTA) of various proposal dosing regimens was calculated by Monte Carlo simulations.Results: The two-compartment model adequately described teicoplanin concentration-time data. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) associated with systemic clearance (CL) was the only covariate included in the final model. The estimate of CL was 0.838 L/h, with the eGFR adjustment factor of 0.00823. The volume of the central compartment (Vc), inter-compartmental clearance (Q) and volumes of the peripheral compartments (Vp) were 14.4 L, 3.08 L/h and 51.6 L, respectively. The simulations revealed that the standard dosage regimen was only sufficient for the patients with severe renal dysfunction (eGFR ≤ 30 mL/min/1.73 m2) to attain target trough concentration (Cmin, PTA 52.8%). When eGFR > 30 mL/min/1.73 m2, increasing dose and the administration times of loading doses were the preferred options to achieve target Cmin based on the renal function and types of infection.Conclusion: The most commonly used standard dosage regimen was insufficient for all ICU patients. Our study provided detailed dosing regimens of teicoplanin stratified by eGFR and types of infection for ICU patients.Keywords: teicoplanin, pharmacokinetics, Monte Carlo simulation, intensive care unit, renal function

Published
2023

11. Association of rs35006907 Polymorphism with Risk of Dilated Cardiomyopathy in Han Chinese Population

Author

Yang C, Chen F, Li Sh, Zeng X, Wang Sh, and Lan J

Subjects
dilated cardiomyopathy, risk, metastasis suppressor 1 protein, genetic polymorphism, rs35006907, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

Several investigations have demonstrated the association of MTSS1 with left ventricular (LV) structure and function. A recently published study has even revealed that rs35006907 was associated with both MTSS1 expression and the risk of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM).

Published
2023
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12. Association Between Hypertension and New-Onset Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Chinese Non-Obese People: A Longitudinal Cohort Study

Author

Yang D, Lan J, Cen J, Han Y, and Hu H

Subjects
hypertension, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, propensity-score matching, standardized-mortality-ratio weights, inverse probability of treatment weights, Specialties of internal medicine, RC581-951
Abstract

Dezhi Yang,1,&ast; Jing Lan,2,&ast; Ji Cen,3,&ast; Yong Han,4– 6 Haofei Hu6– 8 1Department of Cardiology Second Ward, Hechi People’s Hospital, Hechi, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Gastroenterology, Hechi People’s Hospital, Hechi, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Nephrology, Hechi People’s Hospital, Hechi, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Emergency, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China; 6Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China; 7Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China; 8Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yong Han, Department of Emergency, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, No. 3002 Sungang Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-755-83366388, Email hanyong511023@163.com Haofei Hu, Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, No. 3002 Sungang Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-755-83366388, Email huhaofei0319@126.comBackground: Quantification of the relationship between hypertension and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) risk is limited and controversial. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between hypertension and NAFLD in non-obese Chinese and to use different methods to demonstrate that hypertension is an independent risk factor for NAFLD.Methods: On 16,153 nonobese individuals, a retrospective cohort study was conducted in China to examine the impact of hypertension on incident NAFLD. We compared five methods: multivariable Cox proportional-hazards regression, propensity score-matched (PSM) analysis, propensity score adjustment method (considering the propensity score as a covariate in a multivariable Cox proportional-hazard regression), and two propensity score-based weighted methods-The first one estimated the hypertension effect in the overall study population-inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTW), the other in the hypertensive population-standardized mortality ratio (SMR) weights. We also used a genetic matching (GenMatch) algorithm to match the participants for sensitive analysis.Results: Between 2010 and 2014, 16,153 participants met our inclusion criteria, including 2427 (15.03%) with hypertension. A total of 2321 (14.37%) participants developed NAFLD during the median follow-up of 2.98 years. The crude hazard ratio (HR) between hypertension and incident NAFLD was 2.05 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.87, 2.25). The adjusted HR depended on the different methods, ranging from 1.09 (95% CI: 0.77, 1.23) for the PSM method to 2.24 (95% CI: 2.05, 2.44) for the SMR weighted analysis. Hypertensive participants with high propensity scores had a higher risk of developing NAFLD in the future. Excluding participants with propensity scores < 8% yielded comparable hazard ratios with a narrower range, from 1.04 to 1.80. After adjusting for the confounding variables, the relationship also existed in the GenMatch cohort as a sensitivity analysis (HR=1.06, 95% CI 1.01– 1.13).Conclusion: Hypertension is a significant cause of NAFLD in Chinese adults in non-obese Chinese adults, with the hazard ratio ranging from 1.09 to 2.24.Keywords: hypertension, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, propensity-score matching, standardized-mortality-ratio weights, inverse probability of treatment weights

Published
2023

16. A Tissue-Tended Mycophenolate-Modified Nanoparticle Alleviates Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in MRL/Lpr Mouse Model Mainly by Promoting Local M2-Like Macrophagocytes Polarization

Author

Jiang B, Zhang Y, Li Y, Chen Y, Sha S, Zhao L, Li D, Wen J, Lan J, Lou Y, Su H, Zhang C, Zhu J, and Tao J

Subjects
mycophenolate, nanoparticles, macrophage polarization, tissue damage, systemic lupus erythematosus, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Biling Jiang,1,&ast; Yamin Zhang,1,&ast; Yuce Li,2 Yu Chen,2 Shanshan Sha,1 Liang Zhao,1 Danqi Li,1 Jingjing Wen,1 Jiajia Lan,1 Yuchen Lou,1 Hua Su,3 Chun Zhang,3 Jintao Zhu,2 Juan Tao1 1Hubei Engineering Research Center of Skin Disease Theranostics and Health, Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, People’s Republic of China; 2Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, HUST, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Juan Tao; Jintao Zhu, Email tjhappy@126.com; jtzhu@mail.hust.edu.cnBackground: Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), for which the bioactive metabolite is mycophenolic acid (MPA), is a frequently used immunosuppressant for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, its short half-life and poor biodistribution into cells and tissues hinder its clinical efficacy. Our dextran mycophenolate-based nanoparticles (MPA@Dex-MPA NPs) have greatly improved the pharmacokinetics of MMF/MPA. We here tested the therapeutic efficacy of MPA@Dex-MPA NPs against SLE and investigated the underlying mechanism.Methods: The tissue and immune cell biodistributions of MPA@Dex-MPA NPs were traced using live fluorescence imaging system and flow cytometry, respectively. Serological proinflammatory mediators and kidney damage were detected to assess the efficacy of MPA@Dex-MPA NPs treatments of MRL/lpr lupus-prone mice. Immune cell changes in the kidney and spleen were further analyzed post-treatment via flow cytometry. Bone marrow-derived macrophages were used to investigate the potential mechanism.Results: MPA@Dex-MPA NPs exhibited superior therapeutic efficacy and safety in the MRL/lpr mice using significantly lower administration dosage (one-fifth) and frequency (once/3 days) compared to MMF/MPA used in ordinary practice. The overall prognosis of the mice was improved as they showed lower levels of serological proinflammatory mediators. Moreover, kidney injury was alleviated with reduced pathological signs and decreased urine protein-creatinine ratio. Further investigations of the underlying mechanism revealed a preferential penetration and persistent retention of MPA@Dex-MPA NPs in the spleen and kidney, where they were mostly phagocytosed by macrophages. The macrophages were found to be polarized towards a CD206+ M2-like phenotype, with a downregulation of surface CD80 and CD40, and reduced TNF-α production in the spleen and kidney and in vitro. The expansion of T cells was also significantly inhibited in these two organs.Conclusion: Our research improved the efficacy of MPA for MRL/lpr mice through synthesizing MPA@Dex-MPA NPs to enhance its tissue biodistribution and explored the possible mechanism, providing a promising strategy for SLE therapy.Graphical Abstract: Keywords: mycophenolate, nanoparticles, macrophage polarization, tissue damage, systemic lupus erythematosus

Published
2022

17. Acute Mast Cell Leukemia Preceded by Malignant Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumor: A Case Report and Literature Review

Author

Wang H, Chen Y, Lin H, Ni W, Zhang Q, Lan J, and Jin L

Subjects
case report, mast cell leukemia, germ cell tumor, primary mediastinal, kit, tp53, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Huafang Wang,1 Yuan Chen,2 Huijun Lin,3 Wanmao Ni,4 Qiaolei Zhang,5 Jianping Lan,1 Lai Jin1 1Cancer Center, Department of Hematology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, People’s Republic of China; 2Cancer Center, Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, People’s Republic of China; 3Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, People’s Republic of China; 4Cancer Center, Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Hematology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Lai Jin; Jianping Lan, Cancer Center, Department of Hematology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), No. 158 Shangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-571-85893497, Email 13586990325@163.com; LANJP@163.comBackground: Mast cell leukemia (MCL) is a highly life-threatening and extremely rare subtype of systemic mastocytosis (SM). MCL often genetically contains one or more somatic mutations, particularly activating mutations of KIT. This study reported on an acute MCL patient who had a rare phenotype and genetic mutants with a history of primary malignant mediastinal germ cell tumor (GCT).Case Presentation: A 30-year-old Asian male patient who underwent two rounds of surgery and chemotherapy with a history of primary mediastinal GCT (PM-GCTs) was admitted to our hospital due to persistent chest pain and severe fatigue. The diagnosis of acute MCL was confirmed via morphology analysis and chemical staining of marrow aspirate, as well as via marrow biopsy, with the addition of C-findings that included splenomegaly and cytopenia. The atypical MCs were phenotypically positive for CD117 and CD9 but weakly positive for CD2 and negative for CD25. Next-generation sequencing of the marrow aspirate identified heterozygous mutations in TP53 P301Qfs&ast;44, FLT3 R973X, SETBP1 N272D, and JAK3 I688F, whereas mutations in KIT were not found. Although the initial therapy of corticosteroids, ruxolitinib, and dasatinib-based regimens was effective, he died of acute respiratory distress syndrome after the first cycle of chemotherapy with cladribine and cytarabine. The patient’s survival time was 2.4 months after the initial presentation of MCL.Conclusion: In this case, MCL preceded by PM-GCTs had similar clinical symptoms and morphological manifestations but distinctly different genetic profiles than primary MCL. The characteristic morphology of MCL provides the most pivotal evidence that led our diagnosis in the correct direction. A competing hypothesis is that there is a common embryonal cancer stem cell between PM-GCTs and secondary MCL, and the latter is gradually developed in the context of additional “driver mutations”.Keywords: case report, mast cell leukemia, germ cell tumor, primary mediastinal, KIT, TP53

Published
2022

20. Rhabdomyosarcoma in Adults: Case Series and Literature Review

Author

Chen J, Liu X, Lan J, Li T, She C, Zhang Q, and Yang W

Subjects
rhabdomyosarcoma, adult, pregnancy, diagnosis, heterogeneity, prognosis, Gynecology and obstetrics, RG1-991
Abstract

Jian Chen,1 Xiaoyun Liu,1 Jian Lan,1 Tingchao Li,2 Chaokun She,1 Qingyun Zhang,1 Wei Yang3 1Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi City, Guizhou Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Pathology Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi City, Guizhou Province, People’s Republic of China; 3Imaging Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi City, Guizhou Province, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xiaoyun Liu; Jian Lan, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi), No. 98, Fenghuang Road, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, People’s Republic of China, Email 656479556@qq.com; 1981551873@qq.comAbstract: Rhabdomyosarcoma, a common soft tissue malignant tumor in children and adolescents, is exceedingly rare in adults. Nevertheless, The outcome in adults is very poor, especially when compared to outcomes in children in whom significant improvements in treatment has been achieved. The first case was of a 24-year-old pregnant Chinese woman with a rare primary site of rhabdomyosarcoma in the perineal body. She presented with a perineal mass and was diagnosed during the second trimester of pregnancy, which is a very rare occurrence. The second case was a 70-year-old Chinese woman who suffered from right lower abdominal pain for 1 month and was misdiagnosed with an epithelial ovarian carcinoma. Mesenteric pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma was later confirmed by postoperative pathology. Both cases had undergone preoperative examination with chest and abdominal computed tomography (CT) and pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations, as well as examination of complete blood count, liver panel, renal panel, and serum tumor markers. Diagnosis was based on histopathology and immunohistochemistry. The patient in the first case received chemotherapy after which the mass decreased in size; however, the patient was lost to follow-up. The second case underwent tumor resection and received chemotherapy and radiotherapy.Keywords: rhabdomyosarcoma, adult, pregnancy, diagnosis, heterogeneity, prognosis

Published
2022

23. Search for Anisotropy in the Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ray Spectrum using the Telescope Array Surface Detector

Author

Abbasi, R. U., Abe, M., Abu-Zayyad, T., Allen, M., Azuma, R., Barcikowski, E., Belz, J. W., Bergman, D. R., Blake, S. A., Cady, R., Cheon, B. G., Chiba, J., Chikawa, M., Fujii, T., Fukushima, M., Goto, T., Hanlon, W., Hayashi, Y., Hayashi, M., Hayashida, N., Hibino, K., Honda, K., Ikeda, D., Inoue, N., Ishii, T., Ishimori, R., Ito, H., Ivanov, D., Jui, C. C. H., Kadota, K., Kakimoto, F., Kalashev, O., Kasahara, K., Kawai, H., Kawakami, S., Kawana, S., Kawata, K., Kido, E., Kim, H. B., Kim, J. H., Kishigami, S., Kitamura, S., Kitamura, Y., Kuzmin, V., Kuznetsov, M., Kwon, Y. J., Lan, J., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lundquist, J. P., Machida, K., Martens, K., Matsuda, T., Matsuyama, T., Matthews, J. N., Minamino, M., Mukai, K., Myers, I., Nagasawa, K., Nagataki, S., Nakamura, T., Nonaka, T., Nozato, A., Ogio, S., Ogura, J., Ohnishi, M., Ohoka, H., Oki, K., Okuda, T., Ono, M., Onogi, R., Oshima, A., Ozawa, S., Park, I. H., Pshirkov, M. S., Rodriguez, D. C., Rubtsov, G., Ryu, D., Sagawa, H., Saito, K., Saito, Y., Sakaki, N., Sakurai, N., Scott, L. M., Sekino, K., Shah, P. D., Shibata, T., Shibata, F., Shimodaira, H., Shin, B. K., Shin, H. S., Smith, J. D., Sokolsky, P., Stokes, B. T., Stratton, S. R., Stroman, T. A., Suzawa, T., Takahashi, Y., Takamura, M., Takeda, M., Takeishi, R., Taketa, A., Takita, M., Tameda, Y., Tanaka, M., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, H., Thomas, S. B., Thomson, G. B., Tinyakov, P., Tkachev, I., Tokuno, H., Tomida, T., Troitsky, S., Tsunesada, Y., Tsutsumi, K., Uchihori, Y., Udo, S., Urban, F., Wong, T., Yamane, R., Yamaoka, H., Yamazaki, K., Yang, J., Yashiro, K., Yoneda, Y., Yoshida, S., Yoshii, H., Zhezher, Y., Zollinger, R., and Zundel, Z.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

The Telescope Array (TA) experiment is located in the western desert of Utah, USA, and observes ultra high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) in the Northern hemisphere. At the highest energies, $E>10$~EeV, the shape of cosmic ray energy spectrum may carry an imprint of the source density distribution along the line of sight different in different directions of the sky. In this study, we search for such directional variations in the shape of the energy spectrum using events observed with the Telescope Array's surface detector. We divide the TA field of view into two nearly equal-exposure regions: the "on-source" region which we define as $\pm 30^\circ$ of the supergalactic plane containing mostly nearby structures, and the complementary "off-source" region where the sources are further away on average. We compare the UHECR spectra in these regions by fitting them to the broken power law and comparing the resulting parameters. We find that the off-source spectrum has an earlier break at highest energies. The chance probability to obtain such or larger difference in statistically equivalent distributions is estimated as $6.2\pm1.1\times10^{-4}$ ($3.2\sigma$) by a Monte-Carlo simulation. The observed difference in spectra is in a reasonable quantitative agreement with a simplified model that assumes that the UHECR sources trace the galaxy distribution from the 2MRS catalogue, primary particles are protons and the magnetic deflections can be neglected., Comment: 17 pages 6 figures, submitted to Physical Review Letters, (31.May.2017)

Published
2017

24. Gamma-ray Showers Observed at Ground Level in Coincidence With Downward Lightning Leaders

Author

Abbasi, R. U., Abu-Zayyad, T., Allen, M., Barcikowski, E., Belz, J. W., Bergman, D. R., Blake, S. A., Byrne, M., Cady, R., Cheon, B. G., Chiba, J., Chikawa, M., Fujii, T., Fukushima, M., Furlich, G., Goto, T., Hanlon, W., Hayashi, Y., Hayashida, N., Hibino, K., Honda, K., Ikeda, D., Inoue, N., Ishii, T., Ito, H., Ivanov, D., Jeong, S., Jui, C. C. H., Kadota, K., Kakimoto, F., Kalashev, O., Kasahara, K., Kawai, H., Kawakami, S., Kawata, K., Kido, E., Kim, H. B., Kim, J. H., Kishigami, S. S., Krehbiel, P. R., Kuzmin, V., Kwon, Y. J., Lan, J., LeVon, R., Lundquist, J. P., Machida, K., Martens, K., Matuyama, T., Matthews, J. N., Minamino, M., Mukai, K., Myers, I., Nagataki, S., Nakamura, R., Nakamura, T., Nonaka, T., Ogio, S., Ohnishi, M., Ohoka, H., Oki, K., Okuda, T., Ono, M., Onogi, R., Oshima, A., Ozawa, S., Park, I. H., Pshirkov, M. S., Remington, J., Rison, W., Rodeheffer, D., Rodriguez, D. C., Rubtsov, G., Ryu, D., Sagawa, H., Saito, K., Sakaki, N., Sakurai, N., Seki, T., Sekino, K., Shah, P. D., Shibata, F., Shibata, T., Shimodaira, H., Shin, B. K., Shin, H. S., Smith, J. D., Sokolsky, P., Springer, R. W., Stokes, B. T., Stroman, T. A., Takai, H., Takeda, M., Takeishi, R., Taketa, A., Takita, M., Tameda, Y., Tanaka, H., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, M., Thomas, R. J., Thomas, S. B., Thomson, G. B., Tinyakov, P., Tkachev, I., Tokuno, H., Tomida, T., Troitsky, S., Tsunesada, Y., Uchihori, Y., Udo, S., Urban, F., Vasiloff, G., Wong, T., Yamamoto, M., Yamane, R., Yamaoka, H., Yamazaki, K., Yang, J., Yashiro, K., Yoneda, Y., Yoshida, S., Yoshii, H., and Zundel, Z.

Subjects
Physics - Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Bursts of gamma ray showers have been observed in coincidence with downward propagating negative leaders in lightning flashes by the Telescope Array Surface Detector (TASD). The TASD is a 700~square kilometer cosmic ray observatory located in southwestern Utah, U.S.A. In data collected between 2014 and 2016, correlated observations showing the structure and temporal development of three shower-producing flashes were obtained with a 3D lightning mapping array, and electric field change measurements were obtained for an additional seven flashes, in both cases co-located with the TASD. National Lightning Detection Network (NLDN) information was also used throughout. The showers arrived in a sequence of 2--5 short-duration ($\le$10~$\mu$s) bursts over time intervals of several hundred microseconds, and originated at an altitude of $\simeq$3--5 kilometers above ground level during the first 1--2 ms of downward negative leader breakdown at the beginning of cloud-to-ground lightning flashes. The shower footprints, associated waveforms and the effect of atmospheric propagation indicate that the showers consist primarily of downward-beamed gamma radiation. This has been supported by GEANT simulation studies, which indicate primary source fluxes of $\simeq$$10^{12}$--$10^{14}$ photons for $16^{\circ}$ half-angle beams. We conclude that the showers are terrestrial gamma-ray flashes (TGFs), similar to those observed by satellites, but that the ground-based observations are more representative of the temporal source activity and are also more sensitive than satellite observations, which detect only the most powerful TGFs.

Published
2017
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25. The role of the water contact layer on hydration and transport at solid/liquid interfaces.

Author

Gäding, J., Balda, V. Della, Lan, J., Konrad, J., Iannuzzi, M., Meißner, R. H., and Tocci, G.

Subjects
HYDROPHOBIC interactions, MOLECULAR dynamics, NANOFLUIDICS, GAS absorption & adsorption, MACHINE learning
Abstract

Understanding the structure in the nanoscopic region of water that is in direct contact with solid surfaces, so-called contact layer, is key to quantifying macroscopic properties that are of interest to e.g. catalysis, ice nucleation, nanofluidics, gas adsorption, and sensing. We explore the structure of the water contact layer on various technologically relevant solid surfaces, namely graphene, MoS2, Au(111), Au(100), Pt(111), and Pt(100), which have been previously hampered by time and length scale limitations of ab initio approaches or force field inaccuracies, by means of molecular dynamics simulations based on ab initio machine learning potentials built using an active learning scheme. Our results reveal that the in-plane intermolecular correlations of the water contact layer vary greatly among different systems: Whereas the contact layer on graphene and on Au(111) is predominantly homogeneous and isotropic, it is inhomogeneous and anisotropic on MoS2, on Au(100), and on the Pt surfaces, where it additionally forms two distinct sublayers. We apply hydrodynamics and the theory of the hydrophobic effect, to relate the energy corrugation and the characteristic lengthscales of the contact layer with wetting, slippage, the hydration of small hydrophobic solutes and diffusio-osmotic transport. Thus, this work provides a microscopic picture of the water contact layer and links it to macroscopic properties of liquid/solid interfaces that are measured experimentally and that are relevant to wetting, hydrophobic solvation, nanofluidics, and osmotic transport. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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28. Triptolide is a Promising Therapeutic Approach in Treating Thyroid Cancer Based on in silico and in vitro Experiment

Author

Wang F, An SJ, Yin Y, Li JJ, Sun CH, Lan J, Zhao WJ, and Li CQ

Subjects
triptolide, thyroid cancer, molecular docking, apoptosis, inflammation, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Fang Wang,1,&ast; Shu-Jing An,2,&ast; Yirong Yin,1,&ast; Juan-Juan Li,1 Chun-Hui Sun,3 Jie Lan,1 Wen-Juan Zhao,1 Cheng-Qian Li1 1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Oral Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Endocrinology, The Third People’s Hospital of Qingdao Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Wen-Juan Zhao; Cheng-Qian LiDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail 18661807103@163.com; lichengqian5213@qdu.edu.cnIntroduction: Thyroid cancer is a familiar kind of cancer. Natural products are promising therapeutic approaches in treating thyroid cancer. Triptolide is a diterpenoid epoxide extracted from Tripterygium wilfordii. The mechanism of triptolide in the treatment of thyroid cancer has not been investigated clearly.Methods: We evaluated triptolide targets and thyroid cancer targets with related databases. The protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks of the triptolide targets and thyroid cancer targets were constructed with Cytoscape software. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses of the core PPI network were obtained. Molecular docking analysis was used to evaluated the binding of triptolide with core targets. Furthermore, apoptosis assays, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting were used to evaluate the anticancer functions of triptolide.Results: Triptolide had 34 targets, and thyroid cancer had 210 targets. The core PPI network of merged PPI networks had 164 nodes and 4513 edges. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses showed that triptolide were related to the cell cycle, apoptosis, and inflammatory signaling pathways. Molecular docking analysis showed that triptolide directly reacted with four core targets: cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (CDKN1A), c-JUN, RELA, and tumor protein p53 (TP53). CB-Dock analysis indicated that triptolide could stably bind to core targets. Triptolide inhibited the growth but induced apoptosis of thyroid cancer cells. Triptolide increased the mRNA expression of CDKN1A and TP53 but reduced the mRNA expression of c-JUN and RELA, as shown by RT-PCR. Triptolide increased the protein levels of CDKN1A and phospho-p53 but reduced those of phospho-c-JUN and phospho-NF-κB p65, as shown by Western blotting.Discussion: We considered that triptolide could treat thyroid cancer by inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis and inhibiting inflammatory pathways such as the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. CDKN1A, c-JUN, RELA, and TP53 were involved in the antithyroid cancer mechanism of triptolide.Keywords: triptolide, thyroid cancer, molecular docking, apoptosis, inflammation

Published
2021

29. Search for EeV Protons of Galactic Origin

Author

Abbasi, R. U., Abe, M., Abu-Zayyad, T., Allen, M., Azuma, R., Barcikowski, E., Belz, J. W., Bergman, D. R., Blake, S. A., Cady, R., Cheon, B. G., Chiba, J., Chikawa, M., Fujii, T., Fukushima, M., Goto, T., Hanlon, W., Hayashi, Y., Hayashi, M., Hayashida, N., Hibino, K., Honda, K., Ikeda, D., Inoue, N., Ishii, T., Ishimori, R., Ito, H., Ivanov, D., Jui, C. C. H., Kadota, K., Kakimoto, F., Kalashev, O., Kasahara, K., Kawai, H., Kawakami, S., Kawana, S., Kawata, K., Kido, E., Kim, H. B., Kim, J. H., Kishigami, S., Kitamura, S., Kitamura, Y., Kuzmin, V., Kwon, Y. J., Lan, J., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lundquist, J. P., Machida, K., Martens, K., Matsuda, T., Matsuyama, T., Matthews, J. N., Minamino, M., Mukai, K., Myers, I., Nagasawa, K., Nagataki, S., Nakamura, T., Nonaka, T., Nozato, A., Ogio, S., Ogura, J., Ohnishi, M., Ohoka, H., Oki, K., Okuda, T., Ono, M., Onogi, R., Oshima, A., Ozawa, S., Park, I. H., Pshirkov, M. S., Rodriguez, D. C., Rubtsov, G., Ryu, D., Sagawa, H., Saito, K., Saito, Y., Sakaki, N., Sakurai, N., Scott, L. M., Sekino, K., Shah, P. D., Shibata, T., Shibata, F., Shimodaira, H., Shin, B. K., Shin, H. S., Smith, J. D., Sokolsky, P., Stokes, B. T., Stratton, S. R., Stroman, T. A., Suzawa, T., Takahashi, Y., Takamura, M., Takeda, M., Takeishi, R., Taketa, A., Takita, M., Tameda, Y., Tanaka, M., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, H., Thomas, S. B., Thomson, G. B., Tinyakov, P., Tirone, A. H., Tkachev, I., Tokuno, H., Tomida, T., Troitsky, S., Tsunesada, Y., Tsutsumi, K., Uchihori, Y., Udo, S., Urban, F., Wong, T., Yamane, R., Yamaoka, H., Yamazaki, K., Yang, J., Yashiro, K., Yoneda, Y., Yoshida, S., Yoshii, H., Zollinger, R., and Zundel, Z.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Cosmic rays in the energy range $10^{18.0}$ - $10^{18.5}$ eV are thought to have a light, probably protonic, composition. To study their origin one can search for anisotropy in their arrival directions. Extragalactic cosmic rays should be isotropic, but galactic cosmic rays of this type should be seen mostly along the galactic plane, and there should be a shortage of events coming from directions near the galactic anticenter. This is due to the fact that, under the influence of the galactic magnetic field, the transition from ballistic to diffusive behavior is well advanced, and this qualitative picture persists over the whole energy range. Guided by models of the galactic magnetic field that indicate that the enhancement along the galactic plane should have a standard deviation of about 20$^\circ$ in galactic latitude, and the deficit in the galactic anticenter direction should have a standard deviation of about 50$^\circ$ in galactic longitude, we use the data of the Telescope Array surface detector in $10^{18.0}$ to $10^{18.5}$ eV energy range to search for these effects. The data are isotropic. Neither an enhancement along the galactic plane nor a deficit in the galactic anticenter direction is found. Using these data we place an upper limit on the fraction of EeV cosmic rays of galactic origin at 1.3% at 95% confidence level.

Published
2016
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30. First Upper Limits on the Radar Cross Section of Cosmic-Ray Induced Extensive Air Showers

Author

Abbasi, R. U., Abe, M., Othman, M. Abou Bakr, Abu-Zayyad, T., Allen, M., Anderson, R., Azuma, R., Barcikowski, E., Belz, J. W., Bergman, D. R., Besson, D., Blake, S. A., Byrne, M., Cady, R., Chae, M. J., Cheon, B. G., Chiba, J., Chikawa, M., Cho, W. R., Farhang-Boroujeny, B., Fujii, T., Fukushima, M., Gillman, W. H., Goto, T., Hanlon, W., Hanson, J. C., Hayashi, Y., Hayashida, N., Hibino, K., Honda, K., Ikeda, D., Inoue, N., Ishii, T., Ishimori, R., Ito, H., Ivanov, D., Jayanthmurthy, C., Jui, C. C. H., Kadota, K., Kakimoto, F., Kalashev, O., Kasahara, K., Kawai, H., Kawakami, S., Kawana, S., Kawata, K., Kido, E., Kim, H. B., Kim, J. H., Kitamura, S., Kitamura, Y., Kunwar, S., Kuzmin, V., Kwon, Y. J., Lan, J., Lim, S. I., Lundquist, J. P., Machida, K., Martens, K., Matsuda, T., Matsuyama, T., Matthews, J. N., Minamino, M., Mukai, K., Myers, I., Nagasawa, K., Nagataki, S., Nakamura, T., Nonaka, T., Nozato, A., Ogio, S., Ogura, J., Ohnishi, M., Ohoka, H., Oki, K., Okuda, T., Ono, M., Oshima, A., Ozawa, S., Park, I. H., Prohira, S., Pshirkov, M. S., Rezazadeh-Reyhani, A., Rodriguez, D. C., Rubtsov, G., Ryu, D., Sagawa, H., Sakurai, N., Sampson, A. L., Scott, L. M., Schurig, D., Shah, P. D., Shibata, F., Shibata, T., Shimodaira, H., Shin, B. K., Smith, J. D., Sokolsky, P., Springer, R. W., Stokes, B. T., Stratton, S. R., Stroman, T. A., Suzawa, T., Takai, H., Takamura, M., Takeda, M., Takeishi, R., Taketa, A., Takita, M., Tameda, Y., Tanaka, H., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, M., Thomas, S. B., Thomson, G. B., Tinyakov, P., Tkachev, I., Tokuno, H., Tomida, T., Troitsky, S., Tsunesada, Y., Tsutsumi, K., Uchihori, Y., Udo, S., Urban, F., Vasiloff, G., Venkatesh, S., Wong, T., Yamane, R., Yamaoka, H., Yamazaki, K., Yang, J., Yashiro, K., Yoneda, Y., Yoshida, S., Yoshii, H., Zollinger, R., and Zundel, Z.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

TARA (Telescope Array Radar) is a cosmic ray radar detection experiment colocated with Telescope Array, the conventional surface scintillation detector (SD) and fluorescence telescope detector (FD) near Delta, Utah, U.S.A. The TARA detector combines a 40 kW, 54.1 MHz VHF transmitter and high-gain transmitting antenna which broadcasts the radar carrier over the SD array and within the FD field of view, towards a 250 MS/s DAQ receiver. TARA has been collecting data since 2013 with the primary goal of observing the radar signatures of extensive air showers (EAS). Simulations indicate that echoes are expected to be short in duration (~10 microseconds) and exhibit rapidly changing frequency, with rates on the order of 1 MHz/microsecond. The EAS radar cross-section (RCS) is currently unknown although it is the subject of over 70 years of speculation. A novel signal search technique is described in which the expected radar echo of a particular air shower is used as a matched filter template and compared to waveforms obtained by triggering the radar DAQ using the Telescope Array fluorescence detector. No evidence for the scattering of radio frequency radiation by EAS is obtained to date. We report the first quantitative RCS upper limits using EAS that triggered the Telescope Array Fluorescence Detector., Comment: 21 pages, 30 figures

Published
2016
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31. Search for correlations between the arrival directions of IceCube neutrino events and ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays detected by the Pierre Auger Observatory and the Telescope Array

Author

The IceCube Collaboration, Aartsen, M. G., Abraham, K., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., Altmann, D., Anderson, T., Ansseau, I., Archinger, M., Arguelles, C., Arlen, T. C., Auffenberg, J., Bai, X., Barwick, S. W., Baum, V., Bay, R., Beatty, J. J., Tjus, J. Becker, Becker, K. -H., Beiser, E., Berghaus, P., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Bernhard, A., Besson, D. Z., Binder, G., Bindig, D., Bissok, M., Blaufuss, E., Blumenthal, J., Boersma, D. J., Bohm, C., Börner, M., Bos, F., Bose, D., Böser, S., Botner, O., Braun, J., Brayeur, L., Bretz, H. -P., Buzinsky, N., Casey, J., Casier, M., Cheung, E., Chirkin, D., Christov, A., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coenders, S., Cowen, D. F., Silva, A. H. Cruz, Daughhetee, J., Davis, J. C., Day, M., de André, J. P. A. M., De Clercq, C., Rosendo, E. del Pino, Dembinski, H., De Ridder, S., Desiati, P., de Vries, K. D., de Wasseige, G., de With, M., DeYoung, T., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., di Lorenzo, V., Dumm, J. P., Dunkman, M., Eberhardt, B., Ehrhardt, T., Eichmann, B., Euler, S., Evenson, P. A., Fahey, S., Fazely, A. R., Feintzeig, J., Felde, J., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Fischer-Wasels, T., Flis, S., Fösig, C. -C., Fuchs, T., Gaisser, T. K., Gaior, R., Gallagher, J., Gerhardt, L., Ghorbani, K., Gier, D., Gladstone, L., Glagla, M., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Golup, G., Gonzalez, J. G., Góra, D., Grant, D., Griffith, Z., Groß, A., Ha, C., Haack, C., Ismail, A. Haj, Hallgren, A., Halzen, F., Hansen, E., Hansmann, B., Hanson, K., Hebecker, D., Heereman, D., Helbing, K., Hellauer, R., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, R., Holzapfel, K., Homeier, A., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Huber, M., Huelsnitz, W., Hulth, P. O., Hultqvist, K., In, S., Ishihara, A., Jacobi, E., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jero, K., Jurkovic, M., Kappes, A., Karg, T., Karle, A., Kauer, M., Keivani, A., Kelley, J. L., Kemp, J., Kheirandish, A., Kiryluk, J., Kläs, J., Klein, S. R., Kohnen, G., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Konietz, R., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Krings, K., Kroll, G., Kroll, M., Krückl, G., Kunnen, J., Kurahashi, N., Kuwabara, T., Labare, M., Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lesiak-Bzdak, M., Leuermann, M., Leuner, J., Lu, L., Lünemann, J., Madsen, J., Maggi, G., Mahn, K. B. M., Mandelartz, M., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Matis, H. S., Maunu, R., McNally, F., Meagher, K., Medici, M., Meli, A., Menne, T., Merino, G., Meures, T., Miarecki, S., Middell, E., Mohrmann, L., Montaruli, T., Morse, R., Nahnhauer, R., Naumann, U., Neer, G., Niederhausen, H., Nowicki, S. C., Nygren, D. R., Pollmann, A. Obertacke, Olivas, A., Omairat, A., O'Murchadha, A., Palczewski, T., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Paul, L., Pepper, J. A., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Pfendner, C., Pieloth, D., Pinat, E., Posselt, J., Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Quinnan, M., Raab, C., Rädel, L., Rameez, M., Rawlins, K., Reimann, R., Relich, M., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Richter, S., Riedel, B., Robertson, S., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Sabbatini, L., Sander, H. -G., Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Sarkar, S., Schatto, K., Schimp, M., Schmidt, T., Schoenen, S., Schöneberg, S., Schönwald, A., Schulte, L., Schumacher, L., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Soldin, D., Song, M., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stahlberg, M., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stasik, A., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stößl, A., Ström, R., Strotjohann, N. L., Sullivan, G. W., Sutherland, M., Taavola, H., Taboada, I., Tatar, J., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terliuk, A., Tešić, G., Tilav, S., Toale, P. A., Tobin, M. N., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Tselengidou, M., Turcati, A., Unger, E., Usner, M., Vallecorsa, S., Vandenbroucke, J., van Eijndhoven, N., Vanheule, S., van Santen, J., Veenkamp, J., Vehring, M., Voge, M., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Wallraff, M., Wandkowsky, N., Weaver, Ch., Wendt, C., Westerhoff, S., Whelan, B. J., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Wille, L., Williams, D. R., Wissing, H., Wolf, M., Wood, T. R., Woschnagg, K., Xu, D. L., Xu, X. W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., Collaboration, M. Zoll. The Pierre Auger, Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Ahn, E. J., Samarai, I. Al, Albuquerque, I. F. M., Allekotte, I., Allison, P., Almela, A., Castillo, J. Alvarez, Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Batista, R. Alves, Ambrosio, M., Aminaei, A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Arqueros, F., Arsene, N., Asorey, H., Assis, P., Aublin, J., Avila, G., Awal, N., Badescu, A. M., Baus, C., Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. 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Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

This paper presents the results of different searches for correlations between very high-energy neutrino candidates detected by IceCube and the highest-energy cosmic rays measured by the Pierre Auger Observatory and the Telescope Array. We first consider samples of cascade neutrino events and of high-energy neutrino-induced muon tracks, which provided evidence for a neutrino flux of astrophysical origin, and study their cross-correlation with the ultrahigh-energy cosmic ray (UHECR) samples as a function of angular separation. We also study their possible directional correlations using a likelihood method stacking the neutrino arrival directions and adopting different assumptions on the size of the UHECR magnetic deflections. Finally, we perform another likelihood analysis stacking the UHECR directions and using a sample of through-going muon tracks optimized for neutrino point-source searches with sub-degree angular resolution. No indications of correlations at discovery level are obtained for any of the searches performed. The smallest of the p-values comes from the search for correlation between UHECRs with IceCube high-energy cascades, a result that should continue to be monitored., Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DOI

Published
2015
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32. The IceCube Neutrino Observatory, the Pierre Auger Observatory and the Telescope Array: Joint Contribution to the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2015)

Author

IceCube Collaboration, Aartsen, M. G., Abraham, K., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., Altmann, D., Anderson, T., Ansseau, I., Archinger, M., Arguelles, C., Arlen, T. C., Auffenberg, J., Bai, X., Barwick, S. W., Baum, V., Bay, R., Beatty, J. J., Tjus, J. Becker, Becker, K. -H., Beiser, E., BenZvi, S., Berghaus, P., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Bernhard, A., Besson, D. Z., Binder, G., Bindig, D., Bissok, M., Blaufuss, E., Blumenthal, J., Boersma, D. J., Bohm, C., Börner, M., Bos, F., Bose, D., Böser, S., Botner, O., Braun, J., Brayeur, L., Bretz, H. -P., Buzinsky, N., Casey, J., Casier, M., Cheung, E., Chirkin, D., Christov, A., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coenders, S., Cowen, D. F., Silva, A. H. Cruz, Daughhetee, J., Davis, J. C., Day, M., de André, J. P. A. M., De Clercq, C., Rosendo, E. del Pino, Dembinski, H., De Ridder, S., Desiati, P., de Vries, K. D., de Wasseige, G., de With, M., DeYoung, T., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., di Lorenzo, V., Dumm, J. 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R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huber, D., Huege, T., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Jandt, I., Jansen, S., Jarne, C., Johnsen, J. A., Josebachuili, M., Kääpä, A., Kambeitz, O., Kampert, K. H., Kasper, P., Katkov, I., Keilhauer, B., Kemp, E., Kieckhafer, R. M., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Krause, R., Krohm, N., Kuempel, D., Mezek, G. Kukec, Kunka, N., Awad, A. W. Kuotb, LaHurd, D., Latronico, L., Lauer, R., Lauscher, M., Lautridou, P., Coz, S. Le, Lebrun, D., Lebrun, P., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Link, K., Lopes, L., López, R., Casado, A. López, Louedec, K., Lucero, A., Malacari, M., Mallamaci, M., Maller, J., Mandat, D., Mantsch, P., Mariazzi, A. G., Marin, V., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Bravo, O. Martínez, Martraire, D., Meza, J. J. Masías, Mathes, H. J., Mathys, S., Matthews, J., Matthews, J. A. J., Matthiae, G., Maurizio, D., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina, C., Medina-Tanco, G., Meissner, R., Mello, V. B. B., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Messina, S., Micheletti, M. I., Middendorf, L., Minaya, I. A., Miramonti, L., Mitrica, B., Molina-Bueno, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Mostafá, M., Moura, C. A., Müller, G., Muller, M. A., Müller, S., Navas, S., Necesal, P., Nellen, L., Nelles, A., Neuser, J., Nguyen, P. H., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Niemietz, L., Niggemann, T., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Núñez, L. A., Ochilo, L., Oikonomou, F., Olinto, A., Pacheco, N., Selmi-Dei, D. Pakk, Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Paul, T., Pech, M., Pȩkala, J., Pelayo, R., Pepe, I. M., Perrone, L., Petermann, E., Peters, C., Petrera, S., Petrov, Y., Phuntsok, J., Piegaia, R., Pierog, T., Pieroni, P., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Plum, M., Porcelli, A., Porowski, C., Prado, R. R., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Quel, E. J., Querchfeld, S., Quinn, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravel, O., Ravignani, D., Reinert, D., Revenu, B., Ridky, J., Risse, M., Ristori, P., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Rodríguez-Frías, M. D., Rogozin, D., Rosado, J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Saleh, A., Greus, F. Salesa, Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Sanchez-Lucas, P., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarkar, B., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Scarso, C., Schauer, M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schoorlemmer, H., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schulz, A., Schulz, J., Schumacher, J., Sciutto, S. J., Segreto, A., Settimo, M., Shadkam, A., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Sima, O., Śmiałkowski, A., Šmída, R., Snow, G. R., Sommers, P., Sonntag, S., Sorokin, J., Squartini, R., Srivastava, Y. N., Stanca, D., Stanič, S., Stapleton, J., Stasielak, J., Stephan, M., Stutz, A., Suarez, F., Durán, M. Suarez, Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Sutherland, M. S., Swain, J., Szadkowski, Z., Taborda, O. A., Tapia, A., Tepe, A., Theodoro, V. M., Tibolla, O., Timmermans, C., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Toma, G., Tomankova, L., Tomé, B., Tonachini, A., Elipe, G. Torralba, Machado, D. Torres, Travnicek, P., Trini, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Urban, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valiño, I., Valore, L., van Aar, G., van Bodegom, P., Berg, A. M. van den, van Velzen, S., van Vliet, A., Varela, E., Cárdenas, B. Vargas, Varner, G., Vasquez, R., Vázquez, J. R., Vázquez, R. A., Veberič, D., Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Videla, M., Villaseñor, L., Vlcek, B., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Wainberg, O., Walz, D., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weidenhaupt, K., Weindl, A., Welling, C., Werner, F., Widom, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Winchen, T., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Wykes, S., Yang, L., Yapici, T., Yushkov, A., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zepeda, A., Zimmermann, B., Ziolkowski, M., Zuccarello, F., Collaboration, Telescope Array, Abbasi, R. U., Abe, M., Abu-Zayyad, T., Allen, M., Azuma, R., Barcikowski, E., Belz, J. W., Bergman, D. R., Blake, S. A., Cady, R., Chae, M. J., Cheon, B. G., Chiba, J., Chikawa, M., Cho, W. R., Fukushima, M., Goto, T., Hanlon, W., Hayashi, Y., Hayashida, N., Hibino, K., Honda, K., Ikeda, D., Inoue, N., Ishii, T., Ishimori, R., Ito, H., Ivanov, D., Jui, C. C. H., Kadota, K., Kakimoto, F., Kalashev, O., Kasahara, K., Kawai, H., Kawakami, S., Kawana, S., Kawata, K., Kido, E., Kim, H. B., Kim, J. H., Kitamura, S., Kitamura, Y., Kuzmin, V., Kwon, Y. J., Lan, J., Lim, S. I., Lundquist, J. P., Machida, K., Martens, K., Matsuda, T., Matsuyama, T., Matthews, J. N., Minamino, M., Mukai, Y., Myers, I., Nagasawa, K., Nagataki, S., Nakamura, T., Nonaka, T., Nozato, A., Ogio, S., Ogura, J., Ohnishi, M., Ohoka, H., Oki, K., Okuda, T., Ono, M., Oshima, A., Ozawa, S., Park, I. H., Pshirkov, M. S., Rodriguez, D. C., Rubtsov, G., Ryu, D., Sagawa, H., Sakurai, N., Scott, L. M., Shah, P. D., Shibata, F., Shibata, T., Shimodaira, H., Shin, B. K., Shin, H. S., Smith, J. D., Sokolsky, P., Springer, R. W., Stokes, B. T., Stratton, S. R., Stroman, T. A., Suzawa, T., Takamura, M., Takeda, M., Takeishi, R., Taketa, A., Takita, M., Tameda, Y., Tanaka, H., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, M., Thomas, S. B., Thomson, G. B., Tinyakov, P., Tkachev, I., Tokuno, H., Tomida, T., Troitsky, S., Tsunesada, Y., Tsutsumi, K., Uchihori, Y., Udo, S., Urban, F., Vasiloff, G., Wong, T., Yamane, R., Yamaoka, H., Yamazaki, K., Yang, J., Yashiro, K., Yoneda, Y., Yoshii, H., Zollinger, R., and Zundel, Z.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We have conducted three searches for correlations between ultra-high energy cosmic rays detected by the Telescope Array and the Pierre Auger Observatory, and high-energy neutrino candidate events from IceCube. Two cross-correlation analyses with UHECRs are done: one with 39 cascades from the IceCube `high-energy starting events' sample and the other with 16 high-energy `track events'. The angular separation between the arrival directions of neutrinos and UHECRs is scanned over. The same events are also used in a separate search using a maximum likelihood approach, after the neutrino arrival directions are stacked. To estimate the significance we assume UHECR magnetic deflections to be inversely proportional to their energy, with values $3^\circ$, $6^\circ$ and $9^\circ$ at 100 EeV to allow for the uncertainties on the magnetic field strength and UHECR charge. A similar analysis is performed on stacked UHECR arrival directions and the IceCube sample of through-going muon track events which were optimized for neutrino point-source searches., Comment: one proceeding, the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference, 30 July - 6 August 2015, The Hague, The Netherlands; will appear in PoS(ICRC2015)

Published
2015

33. Pierre Auger Observatory and Telescope Array: Joint Contributions to the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2015)

Author

Telescope Array Collaboration, Abbasi, R. U., Abe, M., Abu-Zayyad, T., Allen, M., Azuma, R., Barcikowski, E., Belz, J. W., Bergman, D. R., Blake, S. A., Cady, R., Chae, M. J., Cheon, B. G., Chiba, J., Chikawa, M., Cho, W. R., Fujii, T., Fukushima, M., Goto, T., Hanlon, W., Hayashi, Y., Hayashida, N., Hibino, K., Honda, K., Ikeda, D., Inoue, N., Ishii, T., Ishimori, R., Ito, H., Ivanov, D., Jui, C. C. H., Kadota, K., Kakimoto, F., Kalashev, O., Kasahara, K., Kawai, H., Kawakami, S., Kawana, S., Kawata, K., Kido, E., Kim, H. B., Kim, J. H., Kitamura, S., Kitamura, Y., Kuzmin, V., Kwon, Y. J., Lan, J., Lim, S. I., Lundquist, J. P., Machida, K., Martens, K., Matsuda, T., Matsuyama, T., Matthews, J. N., Minamino, M., Mukai, Y., Myers, I., Nagasawa, K., Nagataki, S., Nakamura, T., Nonaka, T., Nozato, A., Ogio, S., Ogura, J., Ohnishi, M., Ohoka, H., Oki, K., Okuda, T., Ono, M., Oshima, A., Ozawa, S., Park, I. H., Pshirkov, M. S., Rodriguez, D. C., Rubtsov, G., Ryu, D., Sagawa, H., Sakurai, N., Scott, L. M., Shah, P. D., Shibata, F., Shibata, T., Shimodaira, H., Shin, B. K., Shin, H. S., Smith, J. D., Sokolsky, P., Springer, R. W., Stokes, B. T., Stratton, S. R., Stroman, T. A., Suzawa, T., Takamura, M., Takeda, M., Takeishi, R., Taketa, A., Takita, M., Tameda, Y., Tanaka, H., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, M., Thomas, S. B., Thomson, G. B., Tinyakov, P., Tkachev, I., Tokuno, H., Tomida, T., Troitsky, S., Tsunesada, Y., Tsutsumi, K., Uchihori, Y., Udo, S., Urban, F., Vasiloff, G., Wong, T., Yamane, R., Yamaoka, H., Yamazaki, K., Yang, J., Yashiro, K., Yoneda, Y., Yoshida, S., Yoshii, H., Zollinger, R., Zundel, Z., Collaboration, Pierre Auger, Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Ahn, E. J., Samarai, I. Al, Albuquerque, I. F. M., Allekotte, I., Allison, P., Almela, A., Castillo, J. Alvarez, Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Batista, R. Alves, Ambrosio, M., Aminaei, A., Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Arqueros, F., Arsene, N., Asorey, H., Assis, P., Aublin, J., Avila, G., Awal, N., Badescu, A. M., Baus, C., Beatty, J. J., Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Billoir, P., Blaess, S. G., Blanco, A., Blanco, M., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Blümer, H., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Borodai, N., Brack, J., Brancus, I., Bretz, T., Bridgeman, A., Brogueira, P., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, B., Caccianiga, L., Candusso, M., Caramete, L., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cester, R., Chavez, A. G., Chiavassa, A., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Cilmo, M., Clay, R. W., Cocciolo, G., Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Collica, L., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Contreras, F., Cooper, M. J., Cordier, A., Coutu, S., Covault, C. E., Dallier, R., Daniel, B., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., de Almeida, R. M., de Jong, S. J., De Mauro, G., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., de Souza, V., del Peral, L., Deligny, O., Dhital, N., Di Giulio, C., Di Matteo, A., Diaz, J. C., Castro, M. L. Díaz, Diogo, F., Dobrigkeit, C., Docters, W., D'Olivo, J. C., Dorofeev, A., Hasankiadeh, Q. Dorosti, Anjos, R. C. dos, Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Erdmann, M., Erfani, M., Escobar, C. O., Espadanal, J., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Fang, K., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Ferguson, A. P., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filevich, A., Filipčič, A., Fratu, O., Freire, M. M., García, B., García-Gámez, D., Garcia-Pinto, D., Gate, F., Gemmeke, H., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Głas, D., Glaser, C., Glass, H., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, González, N., Gookin, B., Gordon, J., Gorgi, A., Gorham, P., Gouffon, P., Griffith, N., Grillo, A. F., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harrison, T. A., Hartmann, S., Harton, J. L., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Heimann, P., Hervé, A. E., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Hollon, N., Holt, E., Homola, P., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huber, D., Huege, T., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Jandt, I., Jansen, S., Jarne, C., Johnsen, J. A., Josebachuili, M., Kääpä, A., Kambeitz, O., Kampert, K. H., Kasper, P., Katkov, I., Keilhauer, B., Kemp, E., Kieckhafer, R. M., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Krause, R., Krohm, N., Kuempel, D., Mezek, G. Kukec, Kunka, N., Awad, A. W. Kuotb, LaHurd, D., Latronico, L., Lauer, R., Lauscher, M., Lautridou, P., Coz, S. Le, Lebrun, D., Lebrun, P., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Link, K., Lopes, L., López, R., Casado, A. López, Louedec, K., Lucero, A., Malacari, M., Mallamaci, M., Maller, J., Mandat, D., Mantsch, P., Mariazzi, A. G., Marin, V., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Bravo, O. Martínez, Martraire, D., Meza, J. J. Masías, Mathes, H. J., Mathys, S., Matthews, J., Matthews, J. A. J., Matthiae, G., Maurizio, D., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina, C., Medina-Tanco, G., Meissner, R., Mello, V. B. B., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Messina, S., Micheletti, M. I., Middendorf, L., Minaya, I. A., Miramonti, L., Mitrica, B., Molina-Bueno, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Mostafá, M., Moura, C. A., Müller, G., Muller, M. A., Müller, S., Navas, S., Necesal, P., Nellen, L., Nelles, A., Neuser, J., Nguyen, P. H., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Niemietz, L., Niggemann, T., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Núñez, L. A., Ochilo, L., Oikonomou, F., Olinto, A., Pacheco, N., Selmi-Dei, D. Pakk, Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Paul, T., Pech, M., Pȩkala, J., Pelayo, R., Pepe, I. M., Perrone, L., Petermann, E., Peters, C., Petrera, S., Petrov, Y., Phuntsok, J., Piegaia, R., Pierog, T., Pieroni, P., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Plum, M., Porcelli, A., Porowski, C., Prado, R. R., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Quel, E. J., Querchfeld, S., Quinn, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravel, O., Ravignani, D., Reinert, D., Revenu, B., Ridky, J., Risse, M., Ristori, P., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Rodríguez-Frías, M. D., Rogozin, D., Rosado, J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Saleh, A., Greus, F. Salesa, Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Sanchez-Lucas, P., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarkar, B., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Scarso, C., Schauer, M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schoorlemmer, H., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schulz, A., Schulz, J., Schumacher, J., Sciutto, S. J., Segreto, A., Settimo, M., Shadkam, A., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Sima, O., Śmiałkowski, A., Šmída, R., Snow, G. R., Sommers, P., Sonntag, S., Sorokin, J., Squartini, R., Srivastava, Y. N., Stanca, D., Stanič, S., Stapleton, J., Stasielak, J., Stephan, M., Stutz, A., Suarez, F., Durán, M. Suarez, Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Sutherland, M. S., Swain, J., Szadkowski, Z., Taborda, O. A., Tapia, A., Tepe, A., Theodoro, V. M., Tibolla, O., Timmermans, C., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Toma, G., Tomankova, L., Tomé, B., Tonachini, A., Elipe, G. Torralba, Machado, D. Torres, Travnicek, P., Trini, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Urban, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valiño, I., Valore, L., van Aar, G., van Bodegom, P., Berg, A. M. van den, van Velzen, S., van Vliet, A., Varela, E., Cárdenas, B. Vargas, Varner, G., Vasquez, R., Vázquez, J. R., Vázquez, R. A., Veberič, D., Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Videla, M., Villaseñor, L., Vlcek, B., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Wainberg, O., Walz, D., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weidenhaupt, K., Weindl, A., Welling, C., Werner, F., Widom, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Winchen, T., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Wykes, S., Yang, L., Yapici, T., Yushkov, A., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zepeda, A., Zimmermann, B., Ziolkowski, M., and Zuccarello, F.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Joint contributions of the Pierre Auger Collaboration and the Telescope Array Collaboration to the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference, 30 July - 6 August 2015, The Hague, The Netherlands., Comment: 3 proceedings, the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference, 30 July - 6 August 2015, The Hague, The Netherlands; will appear in PoS(ICRC2015)

Published
2015

34. Pharmacokinetics of Linezolid Dose Adjustment for Creatinine Clearance in Critically Ill Patients: A Multicenter, Prospective, Open-Label, Observational Study

Author

Wang X, Wang Y, Yao F, Chen S, Hou Y, Zheng Z, Luo J, Qiu B, Li Z, Wu Z, Lan J, and Chen C

Subjects
critically ill patients, linezolid, population pharmacokinetic, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Xipei Wang,1,* Yifan Wang,2,3,* Fen Yao,2,3,* Shenglong Chen,2,* Yating Hou,4 Zhijie Zheng,1 Jinbiao Luo,5 Binghui Qiu,6 Zhanfu Li,7 Yirong Wang,2 Zheng Wu,2 Jinhua Lan,2 Chunbo Chen8,9 1Department of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 3School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Oncology, Maoming People’s Hospital, Maoming, 525000, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Neurosurgery, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510180, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 7Department of Intensive Care Unit, Guangdong 999 Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, 510510, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 8Department of Intensive Care Unit of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 9The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Chunbo ChenDepartment of Intensive Care Unit of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, 96 Dongchuan Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail gghccm@163.comPurpose: The aim of this study is to use a population pharmacokinetic (PK) approach to evaluate the optimal dosing strategy for linezolid (LNZ) in critically ill patients.Methods: This multicenter, prospective, open-label, observational study was conducted in 152 patients, and 117 of them were included in the PK model, whereas the rest were in the validation group. The percentage of therapeutic target attainment (PTTA) comprising two pharmacodynamic indices and one toxicity index was used to evaluate dosing regimens based on Monte Carlo simulations stratified by low, normal, and high renal clearance for MICs of 0.25– 4 mg/L.Results: A single-compartment model with a covariate creatinine clearance (CrCL) was chosen as the final model. The PK parameter estimates were clearance of 5.60 L/h, with CrCL adjustment factor of 0.386, and a distribution volume of 43.4 L. For MIC ≤ 2 mg/L, the standard dosing regimen (600 mg q12h) for patients with severe renal impairment (CrCL, 40 mL/min) and standard dosing or 900 mg q12h for patients with normal renal functions (CrCL, 80 mL/min) could achieve PTTA ≥ 74%. The dose of 2400 mg per 24-h continuous infusion was ideal for augmented renal clearance (ARC) with MIC ≤ 1 mg/L. For MICs > 2 mg/L, rare optimal dose regimens were found regardless of renal function.Conclusion: In critically ill patients, the standard dose of 600 mg q12h was sufficient for MIC ≤ 2 mg/L in patients without ARC. Moreover, a 2400 mg/day 24-h continuous infusion was recommended for ARC patients.Keywords: critically ill patients, linezolid, population pharmacokinetic

Published
2021

36. Narrative coherence across the transition to parenthood: Primiparous parents' representations of their child in relation to parental sensitivity

Author

Marjolein C.E. Branger, Rosanneke A.G. Emmen, Mi-lan J. Woudstra, Lenneke R.A. Alink, and Judi Mesman

Subjects
Five minute speech sample, Narrative coherence, Pregnancy, Representation, Parental sensitivity, Psychology, BF1-990
Abstract

Narrative coherence reflects parents' ability to provide a believable, clear, relevant, and internally consistent story about their child. Parents demonstrating more narrative coherence have been theorized to show higher parental sensitivity, but this has not been examined in a normative sample, nor across the transition to parenthood, and only once in fathers. The aim of this study was to examine stability and change in narrative coherence across the transition to parenthood in mothers and fathers, as well as the relation between pre- and postnatal narrative coherence and postnatal parental sensitivity. The sample consisted of 105 primiparous expecting parents. Narrative coherence was measured at 36-weeks pregnancy and when the child was 4 months old, using the Five Minute Speech Sample procedure. Parental sensitivity was observed in three episodes. Results demonstrated that narrative coherence was moderately stable (correlations) across the transition to parenthood in fathers only. Both mothers' and fathers' narrative coherence improved over time. Furthermore, mothers and fathers were overall equally coherent, and maternal and paternal narrative coherence were positively interrelated during pregnancy only. Lastly, our findings showed weak evidence for the theorized link between narrative coherence and parental sensitivity: only postnatal narrative coherence predicted paternal sensitivity, only during free play. Our findings give new insight in the development of narrative coherence across the transition to parenthood, and how it relates to actual parenting. More research is needed to confirm our findings and further explore this topic.

Published
2022
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37. Measurement of the Proton-Air Cross Section with Telescope Array's Middle Drum Detector and Surface Array in Hybrid Mode

Author

Abbasi, R. U., Abe, M., Abu-Zayyad, T., Allen, M., Anderson, R., Azuma, R., Barcikowski, E., Belz, J. W., Bergman, D. R., Blake, S. A., Cady, R., Chae, M. J., Cheon, B. G., Chiba, J., Chikawa, M., Cho, W. R., Fujii, T., Fukushima, M., Goto, T., Hanlon, W., Hayashi, Y., Hayashida, N., Hibino, K., Honda, K., Ikeda, D., Inoue, N., Ishii, T., Ishimori, R., Ito, H., Ivanov, D., Jui, C. C. H., Kadota, K., Kakimoto, F., Kalashev, O., Kasahara, K., Kawai, H., Kawakami, S., Kawana, S., Kawata, K., Kido, E., Kim, H. B., Kim, J. H., Kitamura, S., Kitamura, Y., Kuzmin, V., Kwon, Y. J., Lan, J., Lim, S. I., Lundquist, J. P., Machida, K., Martens, K., Matsuda, T., Matsuyama, T., Matthews, J. N., Minamino, M., Mukai, K., Myers, I., Nagasawa, K., Nagataki, S., Nakamura, T., Nonaka, T., Nozato, A., Ogio, S., Ogura, J., Ohnishi, M., Ohoka, H., Oki, K., Okuda, T., Ono, M., Oshima, A., Ozawa, S., Park, I. H., Pshirkov, M. S., Rodriguez, D. C., Rubtsov, G., Ryu, D., Sagawa, H., Sakurai, N., Sampson, A. L., Scott, L. M., Shah, P. D., Shibata, F., Shibata, T., Shimodaira, H., Shin, B. K., Smith, J. D., Sokolsky, P., Springer, R. W., Stokes, B. T., Stratton, S. R., Stroman, T. A., Suzawa, T., Takamura, M., Takeda, M., Takeishi, R., Taketa, A., Takita, M., Tameda, Y., Tanaka, H., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, M., Thomas, S. B., Thomson, G. B., Tinyakov, P., Tkachev, I., Tokuno, H., Tomida, T., Troitsky, S., Tsunesada, Y., Tsutsumi, K., Uchihori, Y., Udo, S., Urban, F., Vasiloff, G., Wong, T., Yamane, R., Yamaoka, H., Yamazaki, K., Yang, J., Yashiro, K., Yoneda, Y., Yoshida, S., Yoshii, H., Zollinger, R., and Zundel, Z.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

In this work we are reporting on the measurement of the proton-air inelastic cross section $\sigma^{\rm inel}_{\rm p-air}$ using the Telescope Array (TA) detector. Based on the measurement of the $\sigma^{\rm inel}_{\rm p-air}$ the proton-proton cross section $\sigma_{\rm p-p}$ value is also determined at $\sqrt{s} = 95_{-8}^{+5}$ TeV. Detecting cosmic ray events at ultra high energies with Telescope Array enables us to study this fundamental parameter that we are otherwise unable to access with particle accelerators. The data used in this report is the hybrid events observed by the Middle Drum fluorescence detector together with the surface array detector collected over five years. The value of the $\sigma^{\rm inel}_{\rm p-air}$ is found to be equal to $567.0 \pm 70.5 [{\rm Stat.}] ^{+29}_{-25} [{\rm Sys.}]$ mb. The total proton-proton cross section is subsequently inferred from Glauber Formalism and Block, Halzen and Stanev QCD inspired fit and is found to be equal to $170_{-44}^{+48} [{\rm Stat.}] _{-17}^{+19} [{\rm Sys.}] $mb.

Published
2015
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41. Searches for Large-Scale Anisotropy in the Arrival Directions of Cosmic Rays Detected above Energy of $10^{19}$ eV at the Pierre Auger Observatory and the Telescope Array

Author

Auger, The Pierre, Collaborations, Telescope Array, Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Ahn, E. J., Samarai, I. Al, Albuquerque, I. F. M., Allekotte, I., Allen, J., Allison, P., Almela, A., Castillo, J. Alvarez, Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Batista, R. Alves, Ambrosio, M., Aminaei, A., Anchordoqui, L., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Arqueros, F., Asorey, H., Assis, P., Aublin, J., Ave, M., Avenier, M., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Barber, K. B., Bäuml, J., Baus, C., Beatty, J. J., Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Billoir, P., Blanco, M., Bleve, C., Blümer, H., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Bonino, R., Borodai, N., Brack, J., Brancus, I., Brogueira, P., Brown, W. C., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, B., Caccianiga, L., Candusso, M., Caramete, L., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cester, R., Chavez, A. G., Chiavassa, A., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Cilmo, M., Clay, R. W., Cocciolo, G., Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Collica, L., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Contreras, F., Cooper, M. J., Cordier, A., Coutu, S., Covault, C. E., Cronin, J., Curutiu, A., Dallier, R., Daniel, B., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., de Almeida, R. M., De Domenico, M., de Jong, S. J., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., de Souza, V., del Peral, L., Deligny, O., Dembinski, H., Dhital, N., Di Giulio, C., Di Matteo, A., Diaz, J. C., Castro, M. L. Díaz, Diogo, F., Dobrigkeit, C., Docters, W., D'Olivo, J. C., Dorofeev, A., Hasankiadeh, Q. Dorosti, Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Erdmann, M., Erfani, M., Escobar, C. O., Espadanal, J., Etchegoyen, A., Luis, P. Facal San, Falcke, H., Fang, K., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Ferguson, A. P., Fernandes, M., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filevich, A., Filipčič, A., Fox, B. D., Fratu, O., Fröhlich, U., Fuchs, B., Fuji, T., Gaior, R., García, B., Roca, S. T. Garcia, Garcia-Gamez, D., Garcia-Pinto, D., Garilli, G., Bravo, A. Gascon, Gate, F., Gemmeke, H., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Glaser, C., Glass, H., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gonçalves, P., Gonzalez, J. G., González, N., Gookin, B., Gorgi, A., Gorham, P., Gouffon, P., Grebe, S., Griffith, N., Grillo, A. F., Grubb, T. D., Guardincerri, Y., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harrison, T. A., Hartmann, S., Harton, J. L., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Heimann, P., Herve, A. E., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Hollon, N., Holt, E., Homola, P., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huber, D., Huege, T., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Islo, K., Jandt, I., Jansen, S., Jarne, C., Josebachuili, M., Kääpä, A., Kambeitz, O., Kampert, K. H., Kasper, P., Katkov, I., Kégl, B., Keilhauer, B., Keivani, A., Kemp, E., Kieckhafer, R. M., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Krause, R., Krohm, N., Krömer, O., Kruppke-Hansen, D., Kuempel, D., Kunka, N., La Rosa, G., LaHurd, D., Latronico, L., Lauer, R., Lauscher, M., Lautridou, P., Coz, S. Le, Leão, M. S. A. B., Lebrun, D., Lebrun, P., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Link, K., López, R., Agüera, A. Lopez, Louedec, K., Bahilo, J. Lozano, Lu, L., Lucero, A., Ludwig, M., Maccarone, M. C., Malacari, M., Maldera, S., Mallamaci, M., Maller, J., Mandat, D., Mantsch, P., Mariazzi, A. G., Marin, V., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martin, L., Martinez, H., Bravo, O. Martínez, Martraire, D., Meza, J. J. Masías, Mathes, H. J., Mathys, S., Matthews, J. A. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Maurel, D., Maurizio, D., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina, C., Medina-Tanco, G., Melissas, M., Melo, D., Menichetti, E., Menshikov, A., Messina, S., Meyhandan, R., Mićanović, S., Micheletti, M. I., Middendorf, L., Minaya, I. A., Miramonti, L., Mitrica, B., Molina-Bueno, L., Mollerach, S., Monasor, M., Ragaigne, D. Monnier, Montanet, F., Morello, C., Mostafá, M., Moura, C. A., Muller, M. A., Müller, G., Münchmeyer, M., Mussa, R., Navarra, G., Navas, S., Necesal, P., Nellen, L., Nelles, A., Neuser, J., Niechciol, M., Niemietz, L., Niggemann, T., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Ochilo, L., Olinto, A., Oliveira, M., Pacheco, N., Selmi-Dei, D. Pakk, Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Palmieri, N., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Paul, T., Pech, M., Pekala, J., Pelayo, R., Pepe, I. M., Perrone, L., Pesce, R., Petermann, E., Peters, C., Petrera, S., Petrolini, A., Petrov, Y., Phuntsok, J., Piegaia, R., Pierog, T., Pieroni, P., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Plum, M., Porcelli, A., Porowski, C., Prado, R. R., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Purrello, V., Quel, E. J., Querchfeld, S., Quinn, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravel, O., Ravignani, D., Revenu, B., Ridky, J., Riggi, S., Risse, M., Ristori, P., Rizi, V., Roberts, J., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Cabo, I. Rodriguez, Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Rodríguez-Frías, M. D., Ros, G., Rosado, J., Rossler, T., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Saleh, A., Greus, F. Salesa, Salina, G., Sánchez, F., Sanchez-Lucas, P., Santo, C. E., Santos, E., Santos, E. M., Sarazin, F., Sarkar, B., Sarmento, R., Sato, R., Scharf, N., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schiffer, P., Scholten, O., Schoorlemmer, H., Schovánek, P., Schulz, A., Schulz, J., Schumacher, J., Sciutto, S. J., Segreto, A., Settimo, M., Shadkam, A., Shellard, R. C., Sidelnik, I., Sigl, G., Sima, O., Śmiał, A., Šmída, R., Snow, G. R., Sommers, P., Sorokin, J., Squartini, R., Srivastava, Y. N., Stanič, S., Stapleton, J., Stasielak, J., Stephan, M., Stutz, A., Suarez, F., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Sutherland, M. S., Swain, J., Szadkowski, Z., Szuba, M., Taborda, O. A., Tapia, A., Tartare, M., Theodoro, V. M., Timmermans, C., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Toma, G., Tomankova, L., Tomé, B., Tonachini, A., Elipe, G. Torralba, Machado, D. Torres, Travnicek, P., Trovato, E., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Urban, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valiño, I., Valore, L., van Aar, G., Berg, A. M. van den, van Velzen, S., van Vliet, A., Varela, E., Cárdenas, B. Vargas, Varner, G., Vázquez, J. R., Vázquez, R. A., Veberič, D., Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Videla, M., Villaseñor, L., Vlcek, B., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Wainberg, O., Walz, D., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weidenhaupt, K., Weindl, A., Werner, F., Widom, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyńska, B., Wilczyński, H., Will, M., Williams, C., Winchen, T., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Wykes, S., Yamamoto, T., Yapici, T., Younk, P., Yuan, G., Yushkov, A., Zamorano, B., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zaw, I., Zepeda, A., Zhou, J., Zhu, Y., Silva, M. Zimbres, Ziolkowski, M., Abbasi, R. U., Abe, M., Abu-Zayyad, T., Allen, M., Anderson, R., Azuma, R., Barcikowski, E., Belz, J. W., Bergman, D. R., Blake, S. A., Cady, R., Chae, M. J., Cheon, B. G., Chiba, J., Chikawa, M., Cho, W. R., Fujii, T., Fukushima, M., Goto, T., Hanlon, W., Hayashi, Y., Hayashida, N., Hibino, K., Honda, K., Ikeda, D., Inoue, N., Ishii, T., Ishimori, R., Ito, H., Ivanov, D., Jui, C. C. H., Kadota, K., Kakimoto, F., Kalashev, O., Kasahara, K., Kawai, H., Kawakami, S., Kawana, S., Kawata, K., Kido, E., Kim, H. B., Kim, J. H., Kitamura, S., Kitamura, Y., Kuzmin, V., Kwon, Y. J., Lan, J., Lim, S. I., Lundquist, J. P., Machida, K., Martens, K., Matsuda, T., Matsuyama, T., Matthews, J. N., Minamino, M., Mukai, K., Myers, I., Nagasawa, K., Nagataki, S., Nakamura, T., Nonaka, T., Nozato, A., Ogio, S., Ogura, J., Ohnishi, M., Ohoka, H., Oki, K., Okuda, T., Ono, M., Oshima, A., Ozawa, S., Park, I. H., Pshirkov, M. S., Rodriguez, D. C., Rubtsov, G., Ryu, D., Sagawa, H., Sakurai, N., Sampson, A. L., Scott, L. M., Shah, P. D., Shibata, F., Shibata, T., Shimodaira, H., Shin, B. K., Smith, J. D., Sokolsky, P., Springer, R. W., Stokes, B. T., Stratton, S. R., Stroman, T. A., Suzawa, T., Takamura, M., Takeda, M., Takeishi, R., Taketa, A., Takita, M., Tameda, Y., Tanaka, H., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, M., Thomas, S. B., Thomson, G. B., Tinyakov, P., Tkachev, I., Tokuno, H., Tomida, T., Troitsky, S., Tsunesada, Y., Tsutsumi, K., Uchihori, Y., Udo, S., Urban, F., Vasiloff, G., Wong, T., Yamane, R., Yamaoka, H., Yamazaki, K., Yang, J., Yashiro, K., Yoneda, Y., Yoshida, S., Yoshii, H., Zollinger, R., and Zundel, Z.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

Spherical harmonic moments are well-suited for capturing anisotropy at any scale in the flux of cosmic rays. An unambiguous measurement of the full set of spherical harmonic coefficients requires full-sky coverage. This can be achieved by combining data from observatories located in both the northern and southern hemispheres. To this end, a joint analysis using data recorded at the Telescope Array and the Pierre Auger Observatory above $10^{19}$ eV is presented in this work. The resulting multipolar expansion of the flux of cosmic rays allows us to perform a series of anisotropy searches, and in particular to report on the angular power spectrum of cosmic rays above $10^{19}$ eV. No significant deviation from isotropic expectations is found throughout the analyses performed. Upper limits on the amplitudes of the dipole and quadrupole moments are derived as a function of the direction in the sky, varying between 7% and 13% for the dipole and between 7% and 10% for a symmetric quadrupole., Comment: 33 pages, 13 figures, to appear in The Astrophysical Journal

Published
2014
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42. Study of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray Composition Using Telescope Array's Middle Drum Detector and Surface Array in Hybrid Mode

Author

Abbasi, R. U., Abe, M., Abu-Zayyad, T., Allen, M., Anderson, R., Azuma, R., Barcikowski, E., Belz, J. W., Bergman, D. R., Blake, S. A., Cady, R., Chae, M. J., Cheon, B. G., Chiba, J., Chikawa, M., Cho, W. R., Fujii, T., Fukushima, M., Goto, T., Hanlon, W., Hayashi, Y., Hayashida, N., Hibino, K., Honda, K., Ikeda, D., Inoue, N., Ishii, T., Ishimori, R., Ito, H., Ivanov, D., Jui, C. C. H., Kadota, K., Kakimoto, F., Kalashev, O., Kasahara, K., Kawai, H., Kawakami, S., Kawana, S., Kawata, K., Kido, E., Kim, H. B., Kim, J. H., Kitamura, S., Kitamura, Y., Kuzmin, V., Kwon, Y. J., Lan, J., Lim, S. I., Lundquist, J. P., Machida, K., Martens, K., Matsuda, T., Matsuyama, T., Matthews, J. N., Minamino, M., Mukai, Y., Myers, I., Nagasawa, K., Nagataki, S., Nakamura, T., Nonaka, T., Nozato, A., Ogio, S., Ogura, J., Ohnishi, M., Ohoka, H., Oki, K., Okuda, T., Ono, M., Oshima, A., Ozawa, S., Park, I. H., Pshirkov, M. S., Rodriguez, D. C., Rubtsov, G., Ryu, D., Sagawa, H., Sakurai, N., Sampson, A. L., Scott, L. M., Shah, P. D., Shibata, F., Shibata, T., Shimodaira, H., Shin, B. K., Shin, H. S., Smith, J. D., Sokolsky, P., Springer, R. W., Stokes, B. T., Stratton, S. R., Stroman, T., Suzawa, T., Takamura, M., Takeda, M., Takeishi, R., Taketa, A., Takita, M., Tameda, Y., Tanaka, H., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, M., Thomas, S. B., Thomson, G. B., Tinyakov, P., Tkachev, I., Tokuno, H., Tomida, T., Troitsky, S., Tsunesada, Y., Tsutsumi, K., Uchihori, Y., Udo, S., Urban, F., Vasiloff, G., Wong, T., Yamane, R., Yamaoka, H., Yamazaki, K., Yang, J., Yashiro, K., Yoneda, Y., Yoshida, S., Yoshiia, H., Zollinger, R., and Zundel, Z.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

Previous measurements of the composition of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays(UHECRs) made by the High Resolution Fly's Eye(HiRes) and Pierre Auger Observatory(PAO) are seemingly contradictory, but utilize different detection methods, as HiRes was a stereo detector and PAO is a hybrid detector. The five year Telescope Array(TA) Middle Drum hybrid composition measurement is similar in some, but not all, respects in methodology to PAO, and good agreement is evident between data and a light, largely protonic, composition when comparing the measurements to predictions obtained with the QGSJetII-03 and QGSJet-01c models. These models are also in agreement with previous HiRes stereo measurements, confirming the equivalence of the stereo and hybrid methods. The data is incompatible with a pure iron composition, for all models examined, over the available range of energies. The elongation rate and mean values of Xmax are in good agreement with Pierre Auger Observatory data. This analysis is presented using two methods: data cuts using simple geometrical variables and a new pattern recognition technique., Comment: 23 pages, 30 figures

Published
2014
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43. A Northern Sky Survey for Point-Like Sources of EeV Neutral Particles with the Telescope Array Experiment

Author

Abbasi, R. U., Abe, M., Abu-Zayyad, T., Allen, M., Anderson, R., Azuma, R., Barcikowski, E., Belz, J. W., Bergman, D. R., Blake, S. A., Cady, R., Chae, M. J., Cheon, B. G., Chiba, J., Chikawa, M., Cho, W. R., Fujii, T., Fukushima, M., Goto, T., Hanlon, W., Hayashi, Y., Hayashida, N., Hibino, K., Honda, K., Ikeda, D., Inoue, N., Ishii, T., Ishimori, R., Ito, H., Ivanov, D., Jui, C. C. H., Kadota, K., Kakimoto, F., Kalashev, O., Kasahara, K., Kawai, H., Kawakami, S., Kawana, S., Kawata, K., Kido, E., Kim, H. B., Kim, J. H., Kitamura, S., Kitamura, Y., Kuzmin, V., Kwon, Y. J., Lan, J., Lim, S. I., Lundquist, J. P., Machida, K., Martens, K., Matsuda, T., Matsuyama, T., Matthews, J. N., Minamino, M., Mukai, K., Myers, I., Nagasawa, K., Nagataki, S., Nakamura, T., Nonaka, T., Nozato, A., Ogio, S., Ogura, J., Ohnishi, M., Ohoka, H., Oki, K., Okuda, T., Ono, M., Oshima, A., Ozawa, S., Park, I. H., Pshirkov, M. S., Rodriguez, D. C., Rubtsov, G., Ryu, D., Sagawa, H., Sakurai, N., Sampson, A. L., Scott, L. M., Shah, P. D., Shibata, F., Shibata, T., Shimodaira, H., Shin, B. K., Smith, J. D., Sokolsky, P., Springer, R. W., Stokes, B. T., Stratton, S. R., Stroman, T. A., Suzawa, T., Takamura, M., Takeda, M., Takeishi, R., Taketa, A., Takita, M., Tameda, Y., Tanaka, H., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, M., Thomas, S. B., Thomson, G. B., Tinyakov, P., Tkachev, I., Tokuno, H., Tomida, T., Troitsky, S., Tsunesada, Y., Tsutsumi, K., Uchihori, Y., Udo, S., Urban, F., Vasiloff, G., Wong, T., Yamane, R., Yamaoka, H., Yamazaki, K., Yang, J., Yashiro, K., Yoneda, Y., Yoshida, S., Yoshii, H., Zollinger, R., and Zundel, Z.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We report on the search for steady point-like sources of neutral particles around 10$^{18}$ eV between 2008 May and 2013 May with the scintillator surface detector of the Telescope Array experiment. We found overall no significant point-like excess above 0.5 EeV in the northern sky. Subsequently, we also searched for coincidence with the Fermi bright Galactic sources. No significant coincidence was found within the statistical uncertainty. Hence, we set an upper limit on the neutron flux that corresponds to an averaged flux of 0.07 km$^{-2}$ yr$^{-1}$ for $E>1$ EeV in the northern sky at the 95% confidence level. This is the most stringent flux upper limit in a northern sky survey assuming point-like sources. The upper limit at the 95% confidence level on the neutron flux from Cygnus X-3 is also set to 0.2 km$^{-2}$ yr$^{-1}$ for $E>0.5$ EeV. This is an order of magnitude lower than previous flux measurements., Comment: 27 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal

Published
2014
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44. Indications of Intermediate-Scale Anisotropy of Cosmic Rays with Energy Greater Than 57 EeV in the Northern Sky Measured with the Surface Detector of the Telescope Array Experiment

Author

The Telescope Array Collaboration, Abbasi, R. U., Abe, M., Abu-Zayyad, T., Allen, M., Anderson, R., Azuma, R., Barcikowski, E., Belz, J. W., Bergman, D. R., Blake, S. A., Cady, R., Chae, M. J., Cheon, B. G., Chiba, J., Chikawa, M., Cho, W. R., Fujii, T., Fukushima, M., Goto, T., Hanlon, W., Hayashi, Y., Hayashida, N., Hibino, K., Honda, K., Ikeda, D., Inoue, N., Ishii, T., Ishimori, R., Ito, H., Ivanov, D., Jui, C. C. H., Kadota, K., Kakimoto, F., Kalashev, O., Kasahara, K., Kawai, H., Kawakami, S., Kawana, S., Kawata, K., Kido, E., Kim, H. B., Kim, J. H., Kitamura, S., Kitamura, Y., Kuzmin, V., Kwon, Y. J., Lan, J., Lim, S. I., Lundquist, J. P., Machida, K., Martens, K., Matsuda, T., Matsuyama, T., Matthews, J. N., Minamino, M., Mukai, K., Myers, I., Nagasawa, K., Nagataki, S., Nakamura, T., Nonaka, T., Nozato, A., Ogio, S., Ogura, J., Ohnishi, M., Ohoka, H., Oki, K., Okuda, T., Ono, M., Oshima, A., Ozawa, S., Park, I. H., Pshirkov, M. S., Rodriguez, D. C., Rubtsov, G., Ryu, D., Sagawa, H., Sakurai, N., Sampson, A. L., Scott, L. M., Shah, P. D., Shibata, F., Shibata, T., Shimodaira, H., Shin, B. K., Smith, J. D., Sokolsky, P., Springer, R. W., Stokes, B. T., Stratton, S. R., Stroman, T. A., Suzawa, T., Takamura, M., Takeda, M., Takeishi, R., Taketa, A., Takita, M., Tameda, Y., Tanaka, H., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, M., Thomas, S. B., Thomson, G. B., Tinyakov, P., Tkachev, I., Tokuno, H., Tomida, T., Troitsky, S., Tsunesada, Y., Tsutsumi, K., Uchihori, Y., Udo, S., Urban, F., Vasiloff, G., Wong, T., Yamane, R., Yamaoka, H., Yamazaki, K., Yang, J., Yashiro, K., Yoneda, Y., Yoshida, S., Yoshii, H., Zollinger, R., and Zundel, Z.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We have searched for intermediate-scale anisotropy in the arrival directions of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays with energies above 57~EeV in the northern sky using data collected over a 5 year period by the surface detector of the Telescope Array experiment. We report on a cluster of events that we call the hotspot, found by oversampling using 20$^\circ$-radius circles. The hotspot has a Li-Ma statistical significance of 5.1$\sigma$, and is centered at R.A.=146.7$^{\circ}$, Dec.=43.2$^{\circ}$. The position of the hotspot is about 19$^{\circ}$ off of the supergalactic plane. The probability of a cluster of events of 5.1$\sigma$ significance, appearing by chance in an isotropic cosmic-ray sky, is estimated to be 3.7$\times$10$^{-4}$ (3.4$\sigma$)., Comment: 16 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in the ApJ Letters

Published
2014
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45. Construction and Comprehensive Analysis of a ceRNA Network to Reveal Potential Novel Biomarkers for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Author

Ma L, Song G, Li M, Hao X, Huang Y, Lan J, Yang S, Zhang Z, Zhang G, and Mu J

Subjects
triple-negative breast cancer, cerna network, overall survival, novel biomarkers, leukemia inhibitory factor receptor, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Lifei Ma,1,2 Guiqin Song,1 Meiyu Li,3 Xiuqing Hao,4 Yong Huang,1 Jinping Lan,1 Siqian Yang,5 Zetian Zhang,6 Guohui Zhang,3 Jiao Mu3,7 1College of Laboratory Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei 075000, People’s Republic of China; 2State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Forensic Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei 075000, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei 075000, People’s Republic of China; 5College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei 075000, People’s Republic of China; 7Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jiao Mu; Guohui Zhang Department of Forensic Medicine, Zhangjiakou, Hebei 075000, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-18931315882; +86-18931316008 Email jiaomu@hebeinu.edu.cn; 18931316008@163.comBackground: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most common and aggressive type of breast cancer with an unfavourable outcome worldwide. Novel therapeutic targets are urgently required to explore this malignancy. This study explored the ceRNA network and the important genes for predicting the therapeutic targets.Methods: It identified the differentially expressed genes of mRNAs, lncRNAs and miRNAs between TNBC and non-TNBC samples in four cohorts (TCGA, GSE38959, GSE45827 and GSE65194) to explore the novel therapeutic targets for TNBC. Downstream analyses, including functional enrichment analysis, ceRNA network, protein–protein interaction and survival analysis, were then conducted by bioinformatics analysis. Finally, the potential core protein of the ceRNA network in TNBC was validated by immunohistochemistry.Results: A total of 1,045 lncRNAs and 28 miRNAs were differentially expressed in the TCGA TNBC samples, and the intersections of 282 mRNAs (176 upregulations and 106 downregulations) between the GEO and TCGA databases were identified. A ceRNA network composed of 7 lncRNAs, 62 mRNAs, 12 miRNAs and 244 edges specific to TNBC was established. The functional assay showed dysregulated genes, and GO, DO and KEGG enrichment analysis were performed. Survival analysis showed that mRNA LIFR and lncRNA AC124312.3 were significantly correlated with the overall survival of patients with TNBC in the TCGA databases (P < 0.05). Finally, the LIFR protein was validated, and immunohistochemical results showed the upregulated expression of LIFR in TNBC tissues.Conclusion: Thus, our study presents an enhanced understanding of the ceRNA network in TNBC, where the key gene LIFR may be a new promising potential therapeutic target for patients with TNBC.Keywords: triple-negative breast cancer, ceRNA network, overall survival, novel biomarkers, leukemia inhibitory factor receptor

Published
2020

46. Echinocandins versus Amphotericin B Against Candida tropicalis Fungemia in Adult Hematological Patients with Neutropenia: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study

Author

You L, Yao C, Yang F, Yang Q, Lan J, Song X, Shen J, Sheng X, Chen X, Tang H, Jiang H, Wu H, Qian S, and Meng H

Subjects
candida tropicalis, candidemia, hematological malignancy, neutropenia, amphotericin b, echinocandins, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Liangshun You,1,* Cunying Yao,1,2,* Fan Yang,3 Qing Yang,4 Jianping Lan,5 Xiaolu Song,5 Jianping Shen,6 Xianfu Sheng,6 Xiaohui Chen,7 Huifen Tang,7 Huifang Jiang,8 Haiying Wu,8 Shenxian Qian,3 Haitao Meng1 1Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 4State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Hematology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 7Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 8Department of Hematology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Haitao Meng; Shenxian Qian Email menghait2004@zju.edu.cn; sxqian@hotmail.comBackground: Candida tropicalis is the most common non-albicans Candida species identified in immunocompromised patients, which often appears with high mortality. However, data on the outcomes of treatment for Candida tropicalis fungemia in patients with neutropenia remain limited.Methods: In the present study, 90 neutropenic adult patients with proven Candida tropicalis fungemia, who received initial antifungal therapy, were retrospectively analyzed.Results: These results revealed that the overall 8-day and 30-day mortality among patients in the entire data set were 22.2% and 33.3%, respectively. However, there was no significant difference between the survival and death group, in terms of baseline characteristics. The univariate analysis of risk factors identified the treatment with azole as a predictor of mortality, while treatments that containing amphotericin B were associated with reduced mortality. In addition, the survival rate on day 30 was observed in 60.7% (17/28) of patients who were initially treated with echinocandins, while this was observed in 86.4% (19/22, P= 0.039) and 100% (13/13, P= 0.024) of patients treated with amphotericin B plus echinocandins and amphotericin B, respectively.Conclusion: These data indicate for the first time that the initial therapy with amphotericin B-based agents was associated with a better survival rate and could be assessed as the optimal strategy for the treatment of Candida tropicalis fungemia in patients with neutropenia.Keywords: Candida tropicalis, candidemia, hematological malignancy, neutropenia, amphotericin B, echinocandins

Published
2020

47. Benefits, Safety, and Adjunct Modality Prevalences of Long-Term Botulinum Toxin Injections for Cervical Dystonia and Myofascial Neck Pain: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Author

Diep D, Ko J, Lan J, Koprowicz KT, and Ko G

Subjects
botulinum toxin, cervical dystonia, myofascial pain syndrome, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Dion Diep,1 Jasmine Ko,2 John Lan,3 Kinga T Koprowicz,3 Gordon Ko3,4 1MD Program, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; 2Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; 3Canadian Centre of Integrative Medicine, Toronto, ON, Canada; 4Division of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, CanadaCorrespondence: Gordon KoClinical Adjunct Lecturer, Division of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Ave, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, CanadaTel +1416-480-4342Fax +1416-480-6885Email drgordko@rogers.comIntroduction: There is a paucity of long-term treatment benefit and safety data of botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) for cervical dystonia (CD) and myofascial neck pain syndrome (MPS). Additionally, the prevalence of adjunct modality uses during this period is unknown despite evolving practices.Objective: To assess and compare treatment benefit, safety, and adjunct modality prevalences of long-term BTX-A injections between CD and MPS patients.Design: Retrospective cohort study.Setting: Private practice tertiary care clinics in Toronto.Patients: Convenience sample of 37 (52.9%) CD and 33 (47.1%) MPS patients treated for a mean±SD duration of 7.2± 4.3 and 8.3± 4.7 years, respectively.Interventions: BTX-A injections administered at least once yearly, for a duration longer than 1 year.Main Outcome Measures: Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scales (TWSTRS) for disability and pain, Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC) score, time to peak effect, duration of total response, adverse effects, and prevalence of adjunct modalities.Results: CD patients experienced improvements in TWSTRS disability (17.57± 6.79 to 9.81± 4.35, p< 0.001) and pain (14.61± 3.08 to 9.05± 3.49, p< 0.001) scores as well as PGIC score (52.00%± 23.60% to 64.80%± 23.60%, p=0.007). MPS patients experienced improvements in TWSTRS disability (15.86± 7.70 to 10.07± 7.01, p=0.01) and pain (15.25± 4.09 to 10.85± 4.49, p=0.01) scores. In both cohorts, there were no changes in time to peak effect and duration of total response. Adverse effects were minimal and self-limiting. Prevalences of adjunct modalities used by CD versus MPS patients were 28.13% versus 50.00% for anesthetic procedures, 23.08% versus 15.38% for image-guidance, 65.71% versus 56.25% for pectoralis minor injections, and 47.06% versus 53.13% for cannabis-use.Conclusion: There were demonstrated and comparable treatment benefit, safety, and adjunct modality prevalences. Our study is the first to demonstrate that long-term BTX-A injections for MPS, although commonly used off-label, can be effective and safe.Keywords: botulinum toxin, cervical dystonia, myofascial pain syndrome

Published
2020

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