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2. Contribution of Soil Ciliates to Biomass and Secondary Production in a Subtropical Forest of Puerto Rico.

Author

ACOSTA-MERCADO, DIMARIS, RODRÍGUEZ-BARRERAS, RUBER, and LYNN, DENIS H.

Subjects
SPECIES diversity, SPECIES distribution
Abstract

Protists, ciliates in particular, play a role in ecosystem functioning by recycling microbial biomass, and thus, nutrients and energy. Studies on their secondary production in aquatic ecosystems suggest that their overall contribution to annual secondary production is relatively minor, only becoming significant during bloom episodes. It remains unclear if the ecological role of soil ciliates, as estimated by their secondary production, is similarly minor. Temporal data on ciliate abundance and biovolume among the rhizosphere of three flowering plant species were used to estimate biomass and potential secondary production of soil ciliates in a subtropical forest of Puerto Rico. Ciliate abundance, biomass, and secondary production were estimated in the top 5 cm of soil during both the dry and wet seasons. Mean ciliate abundances in these months were 5 ± 10.3 and 16 ± 16.1 (n = 93 soil samples) for nanociliates and microciliates, respectively. Mean ciliate biomass was 41,854 ± 37,055 pg C g-1 of dry weight soil. Mean nano- and microciliate biomass were 418 ± 704.4 pg C g-1 of dry weight soil and 45,315 ± 39,466.8 pg C g-1 of dry weight soil, respectively. The season in which the ciliates were collected significantly affected ciliate abundance and biomass, but this effect showed no predictable pattern, suggesting a lack of seasonality. Mean daily ciliate secondary production (the product of biomass and growth rate) was 1.74 x 104 ± 1.95 x 104 pg C g-1 of dry weigth soil d-1 (0.002 kJ m-2 d-1 or 0.047 kJ m-3 d-1), ranging from 0 to 107,804 pg C g-1 of dry weigth soil d-1. Based on monthly precipitation data, annual ciliate secondary production was estimated to be 40.0 x 105 pg C g-1 of dry weight soil yr-1, equivalent to 1.1 kJ m-2 yr-1 or 21.7 kJ m-3 yr-1. Reduced secondary production estimates, in addition to low mean consumption of microbial biomass (0.002%), indicates that ciliates have a relatively minor role in this subtropical soil ecosystem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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5. Ciliophora

Author

Lynn, Denis H., Archibald, John M., editor, Simpson, Alastair G.B., editor, and Slamovits, Claudio H., editor

Published
2017
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32. Use of Tetrahymena thermophila to study the role of protozoa in inactivation of viruses in water

Author

Pinheiro, Marcel D.O., Power, Mary E., Butler, Barbara J., Dayeh, Vivian R., Slawson, Robin, Lee, Lucy E.J., Lynn, Denis H., and Bols, Niels C.

Subjects
Ciliata -- Research, Ciliata -- Genetic aspects, Bacteriophage T4 -- Research, Viruses -- Inactivation, Viruses -- Research, Biological sciences
Abstract

A system is devised to examine T4 phase removal by Tetrahymena thermophila and also the cellular mechanism. The results have indicated the active removal of T4 bacteriophage from fluid by macropinocytosis, followed by digestion in food vacuoles.

Published
2007

47. Revisions to the Classification, Nomenclature, and Diversity of Eukaryotes

Author

Adl, Sina M., Bass, David, Lane, Christopher E., Lukes, Julius, Schoch, Conrad L., Smirnov, Alexey, Agatha, Sabine, Berney, Cedric, Brown, Matthew W., Burki, Fabien, Cárdenas, Paco, Cepicka, Ivan, Chistyakova, Lyudmila, del Campo, Javier, Dunthorn, Micah, Edvardsen, Bente, Eglit, Yana, Guillou, Laure, Hampl, Vladimir, Heiss, Aaron A., Hoppenrath, Mona, James, Timothy Y., Karnkowska, Anna, Karpov, Sergey, Kim, Eunsoo, Kolisko, Martin, Kudryavtsev, Alexander, Lahr, Daniel J. G., Lara, Enrique, Le Gall, Line, Lynn, Denis H., Mann, David G., Massana, Ramon, Mitchell, Edward A. D., Morrow, Christine, Park, Jong Soo, Pawlowski, Jan W., Powell, Martha J., Richter, Daniel J., Rueckert, Sonja, Shadwick, Lora, Shimano, Satoshi, Spiegel, Frederick W., Torruella, Guifre, Youssef, Noha, Zlatogursky, Vasily V., Zhang, Qianqian, Adl, Sina M., Bass, David, Lane, Christopher E., Lukes, Julius, Schoch, Conrad L., Smirnov, Alexey, Agatha, Sabine, Berney, Cedric, Brown, Matthew W., Burki, Fabien, Cárdenas, Paco, Cepicka, Ivan, Chistyakova, Lyudmila, del Campo, Javier, Dunthorn, Micah, Edvardsen, Bente, Eglit, Yana, Guillou, Laure, Hampl, Vladimir, Heiss, Aaron A., Hoppenrath, Mona, James, Timothy Y., Karnkowska, Anna, Karpov, Sergey, Kim, Eunsoo, Kolisko, Martin, Kudryavtsev, Alexander, Lahr, Daniel J. G., Lara, Enrique, Le Gall, Line, Lynn, Denis H., Mann, David G., Massana, Ramon, Mitchell, Edward A. D., Morrow, Christine, Park, Jong Soo, Pawlowski, Jan W., Powell, Martha J., Richter, Daniel J., Rueckert, Sonja, Shadwick, Lora, Shimano, Satoshi, Spiegel, Frederick W., Torruella, Guifre, Youssef, Noha, Zlatogursky, Vasily V., and Zhang, Qianqian

Abstract

This revision of the classification of eukaryotes follows that of Adl et al., 2012 [J. Euk. Microbiol. 59(5)] and retains an emphasis on protists. Changes since have improved the resolution of many nodes in phylogenetic analyses. For some clades even families are being clearly resolved. As we had predicted, environmental sampling in the intervening years has massively increased the genetic information at hand. Consequently, we have discovered novel clades, exciting new genera and uncovered a massive species level diversity beyond the morphological species descriptions. Several clades known from environmental samples only have now found their home. Sampling soils, deeper marine waters and the deep sea will continue to fill us with surprises. The main changes in this revision are the confirmation that eukaryotes form at least two domains, the loss of monophyly in the Excavata, robust support for the Haptista and Cryptista. We provide suggested primer sets for DNA sequences from environmental samples that are effective for each clade. We have provided a guide to trophic functional guilds in an appendix, to facilitate the interpretation of environmental samples, and a standardized taxonomic guide for East Asian users.

Published
2019
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48. Revisions to the Classification, Nomenclature, and Diversity of Eukaryotes

Author

Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Generalitat de Catalunya, Comunidad de Madrid, European Commission, Science for Life Laboratory, National Institutes of Health (US), Adl, Sina M., Bass, David, Lane, Christopher E., Massana, Ramon, Lukeš, Julius, Schoch, Conrad, Smirnov, A., Agatha, Sabine, Berney, Cédric, Brown, Matthew W., Burki, Fabien, Cárdenas, Paco, Čepička, Ivan, Chistyakova, Lyudmila, Campo, Javier del, Dunthorn, Micah, Edvardsen, Bente, Eglit, Yana, Guillou, Laure, Hampl, Vladimir, Heiss, Aaron A., Hoppenrath, Mona, James, Timothy Y., Karnkowska, Anna, Karpov, Sergey A., Kim, Eunsoo, Kolisko, Martin, Kudryavtsev, Alexander, Lahr, Daniel J.G., Lara, Enrique, Le Gall, Line, Lynn, Denis H., Mann, David G., Mitchell, Edward A.D., Morrow, Christine, Soo Park, Jong, Pawlowski, Jan, Powell, Martha J., Richter, Daniel J., Rueckert, Sonja, Shadwick, Lora, Shimano, Satoshi, Spiegel, Frederick W., Torruella, Guifré, Youssef, Noha, Zlatogursky, Vasily, Zhang, Qianqian, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Generalitat de Catalunya, Comunidad de Madrid, European Commission, Science for Life Laboratory, National Institutes of Health (US), Adl, Sina M., Bass, David, Lane, Christopher E., Massana, Ramon, Lukeš, Julius, Schoch, Conrad, Smirnov, A., Agatha, Sabine, Berney, Cédric, Brown, Matthew W., Burki, Fabien, Cárdenas, Paco, Čepička, Ivan, Chistyakova, Lyudmila, Campo, Javier del, Dunthorn, Micah, Edvardsen, Bente, Eglit, Yana, Guillou, Laure, Hampl, Vladimir, Heiss, Aaron A., Hoppenrath, Mona, James, Timothy Y., Karnkowska, Anna, Karpov, Sergey A., Kim, Eunsoo, Kolisko, Martin, Kudryavtsev, Alexander, Lahr, Daniel J.G., Lara, Enrique, Le Gall, Line, Lynn, Denis H., Mann, David G., Mitchell, Edward A.D., Morrow, Christine, Soo Park, Jong, Pawlowski, Jan, Powell, Martha J., Richter, Daniel J., Rueckert, Sonja, Shadwick, Lora, Shimano, Satoshi, Spiegel, Frederick W., Torruella, Guifré, Youssef, Noha, Zlatogursky, Vasily, and Zhang, Qianqian

Abstract

This revision of the classification of eukaryotes follows that of Adl et al., 2012 [J. Euk. Microbiol. 59(5)] and retains an emphasis on protists. Changes since have improved the resolution of many nodes in phylogenetic analyses. For some clades even families are being clearly resolved. As we had predicted, environmental sampling in the intervening years has massively increased the genetic information at hand. Consequently, we have discovered novel clades, exciting new genera and uncovered a massive species level diversity beyond the morphological species descriptions. Several clades known from environmental samples only have now found their home. Sampling soils, deeper marine waters and the deep sea will continue to fill us with surprises. The main changes in this revision are the confirmation that eukaryotes form at least two domains, the loss of monophyly in the Excavata, robust support for the Haptista and Cryptista. We provide suggested primer sets for DNA sequences from environmental samples that are effective for each clade. We have provided a guide to trophic functional guilds in an appendix, to facilitate the interpretation of environmental samples, and a standardized taxonomic guide for East Asian users

Published
2019

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