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Background: India, with a large population working in industries, has a considerable amount of nail bed injuries day to day as well as infections and other issues with nails. However, there are no normative data for nail growth in our population. This study aims to measure and analyze the rate of nail growth in the Indian population, which will be a valuable tool for clinical assessment and treatment.

Bruno O Villoutreix,1 Rajagopal Krishnamoorthy,2 Ryad Tamouza,2 Marion Leboyer,2 Philippe Beaune3 1INSERM U1141, NeuroDiderot, Université de Paris, Hôpital Robert-Debré, Paris, F-75019, France; 2Université Paris Est Créteil, INSERM U955, IMRB, Laboratoire Neuropsychiatrie Translationnelle, AP-HP, Département Medico-Universitaire de Psychiatrie et d’Addictologie (DMU ADAPT), Hôpital Henri Mondor, Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, F-94010, France; 3INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université de Paris, Paris, 75006, FranceCorrespondence: Bruno O Villoutreix Email bruno.villoutreix@inserm.frIntroduction: There is an urgent need to identify therapies that prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection and improve the outcome of COVID-19 patients.Objective: Based upon clinical observations, we proposed that some psychotropic and antihistaminic drugs could protect psychiatric patients from SARS-CoV-2 infection. This observation is investigated in the light of experimental in vitro data on SARS-CoV-2.Methods: SARS-CoV-2 high-throughput screening results are available at the NCATS COVID-19 portal. We investigated the in vitro anti-viral activity of many psychotropic and antihistaminic drugs using chemoinformatics approaches.Results and Discussion: We analyze our clinical observations in the light of SARS-CoV-2 experimental screening results and propose that several cationic amphiphilic psychotropic and antihistaminic drugs could protect people from SARS-CoV-2 infection; some of these molecules have very limited adverse effects and could be used as prophylactic drugs. Other cationic amphiphilic drugs used in other disease areas are also highlighted. Recent analyses of patient electronic health records reported by several research groups indicate that some of these molecules could be of interest at different stages of the disease progression. In addition, recently reported drug combination studies further suggest that it might be valuable to associate several cationic amphiphilic drugs. Taken together, these observations underline the need for clinical trials to fully evaluate the potentials of these molecules, some fitting in the so-called category of broad-spectrum antiviral agents. Repositioning orally available drugs that have moderate side effects and should act on molecular mechanisms less prone to drug resistance would indeed be of utmost importance to deal with COVID-19.Keywords: chemoinformatics, COVID-19, high-throughput screening, phenothiazine, prophylaxis, antihistamine, drug repurposing

Wind energy is one of the supremely renewable energy sources and has been widely established worldwide. Due to strong seasonal variations in the wind resource, accurate predictions of wind resource assessment and appropriate wind speed distribution models (for any location) are the significant facets for planning and commissioning wind farms. In this work, the wind characteristics and wind potential assessment of onshore, offshore, and nearshore locations of India—particularly Kayathar in Tamilnadu, the Gulf of Khambhat, and Jafrabad in Gujarat—are statistically analyzed with wind distribution methods. Further, the resource assessments are carried out using Weibull, Rayleigh, gamma, Nakagami, generalized extreme value (GEV), lognormal, inverse Gaussian, Rician, Birnbaum–Sandras, and Bimodal–Weibull distribution methods. Additionally, the advent of artificial intelligence and soft computing techniques with the moth flame optimization (MFO) method leads to superior results in solving complex problems and parameter estimations. The data analytics are carried out in the MATLAB platform, with in-house coding developed for MFO parameters estimated through optimization and other wind distribution parameters using the maximum likelihood method. The observed outcomes show that the MFO method performed well on parameter estimation. Correspondingly, wind power generation was shown to peak at the South West Monsoon periods from June to September, with mean wind speeds ranging from 9 to 12 m/s. Furthermore, the wind speed distribution method of mixed Weibull, Nakagami, and Rician methods performed well in calculating potential assessments for the targeted locations. Likewise, the Gulf of Khambhat (offshore) area has steady wind speeds ranging from 7 to 10 m/s with less turbulence intensity and the highest wind power density of 431 watts/m2. The proposed optimization method proves its potential for accurate assessment of Indian wind conditions in selected locations.

Objective: There is limited literature in the Indian subcontinent on the attitude of the medical personnel regarding blood donation. The purpose of the present study was to identify and assess the barriers that prevent people from becoming blood donors and also to devise recruitment strategies to increase the blood collection. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in a tertiary care centre with attached medical college in Tamilnadu amongst 750 medical personnel. A self administered questionnaire was used for data collection from each individual. Results: Amongst the 750 medical personnel under study, 470 were never donors and 280 were lapsed donors. The foremost reason for not donating blood among lapsed donors and non donors was never being asked again. Conclusion: Donors often donate blood once and rarely return to make a second or subsequent donation. Further education, motivation and dissemination of information would help in recruitment and retention of non-remunerated blood donors.