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Several methods have been developed to measure the friction coefficient of grains and seeds as well as their angle of repose, independently. However, it seems that one single method capable of simultaneous measurement of these two important parameters of grain products is of importance. In this study, simultaneous measurement of brown rice grain friction coefficient and angle of repose is performed by using rotating cylinders method. The effects of rotational speed, cylinder diameter and filling degree on rice grains, also lower and higher angle of repose along with their friction properties were considered. Results showed that proper speed for reaching slumping and rolling motions depends on cylinder diameter and filling degree varying from 0.5 to 9.7 rpm and 2 to 34.6 rpm, respectively. An insignificant difference in the range of 1° to 4° was observed between lower and upper angles of repose which indicates the reliability of the proposed method to determine the dynamic angle of repose. Results also revealed that rotational speed of cylinders did not significantly affect the lower and upper angles of repose; however, they were not affected by filling degree. Finally, the friction coefficient of rice grains was affected by cylinder diameter and filling degree. The findings of this study may be applied in the design and mathematical modeling of grains’ motions in rotary dryers, mixers, and silos.

In this study, physical properties of grain and cluster straw including geometric dimensions, moisture absorption and aerodynamic properties of two wheat cultivars were investigated. The effect of cultivar on width, thickness, geometric diameter, spheroid coefficient and mass density was significant at 1% probability level whilst there were no significant effect on grain projected area, length and weight. Moisture absorption of the grains was rapid during the first 30–40 min and then turned to zero. The terminal velocity of wheat grain and straw in three shapes was measured by calculating the projected area in horizontal, lateral and perpendicular directions and then, the drag coefficient was obtained by the equilibrium of the gravity and drag forces at the terminal velocity. Results also showed that increasing moisture content resulted in an increase in the terminal velocity and a decrease in the drag coefficient. Results obtained in this study can be used in designing wheat- cluster straw separation and processing.

A cyberattack detection model based on supervised deep neural network is proposed to identify random false data injection (FDI) on the tank’s level measurements of a water distribution system. The architecture of the neural network, as well as various hyper-parameters, is modified and tuned to acquire the highest detection performance using the smallest size of training data set. The efficacy of the proposed detection model against various activation functions including sigmoid, rectified linear unit, and softmax is examined. Regularization and momentum techniques are applied to update the weights and prohibit overfitting. Moreover, statistical metrics are presented to evaluate the performance and effectiveness of the proposed model in the presence of a range of measurement noise levels. The proposed model is tested for three attack scenarios composed for the battle of the attack detection algorithms. Results confirm that the size of the data sets required to train the neural network (NN) to accomplish the highest levels of accuracy and precision is significantly decreased as the number of hidden layers is increased. The trained 4- and 5-layer deep neural networks are able to detect the readings’ FDIs with 100% precision and accuracy in the presence of 30% background noise in the sensory data.

This data presented in this article was collected using simulations on a microgrid system to analyze reduction of carbon footprints using distributed battery storage devices. Analysis was performed over a 24-h period of operation of the microgrid system to reduce the CO2 emissions from 0% to 100% using battery storage devices. The data can be used in designing efficient microgrid systems, understanding the potential of battery energy storage devices in future electricity generation, and sizing the microgrid systems depending of the CO2 reduction goals in power systems. Keywords: Battery energy storage systems, Microgrids, CO2 emissions, Power systems, Smart grids

Sunflower petal is one of the parts of the sunflower which has drawn attention and has several applications these days. These applications justify getting information about physical properties, mechanical properties, drying trends, etc. in order to design new machines and use new methods to harvest or dry the sunflower petals. For three varieties of sunflower, picking force of petals was measured; number of petals of each head was counted; unit mass and 1000-unit mass of fresh petals were measured and length, width, and projected area of fresh petals were calculated based on image processing technique; frequency distributions of these parameters were modeled using statistical distribution models namely Gamma, Generalized Extreme Value (G. E. V), Lognormal, and Weibull. Results of picking force showed that with increasing number of days after appearing the first petal on each head from 5 to 14 and decreasing loading rate from 150 g min−1 to 50 g min−1 values of picking force were decreased for three varieties, but diameter of sunflower head had different effects on picking force for each variety. Length, width, and number of petals of Dorsefid variety ranged from 38.52 to 95.44 mm, 3.80 to 9.28 mm and 29 to 89, respectively. The corresponding values ranged from 34.19 to 88.18 mm, 4.28 to 10.60 mm and 21 to 89, respectively for Shamshiri variety and ranged from 44.47 to 114.63 mm, 7.03 to 20.31 mm and 29 to 89 for Sirena variety. Results of frequency distribution modeling indicated that in most cases, G. E. V and Weibull distributions had better performance than other distributions. Keywords: Sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) petal, Picking force, Image processing, Fibonacci sequence, Lucas sequence

Helical piles are environmentally friendly and economical deep foundations that, due to environmental considerations, are excellent additions to a variety of deep foundation alternatives available to the practitioner. Helical piles performance depends on soil properties, the pile geometry and soil-pile interaction. Helical piles can be a proper alternative in sensitive environmental sites if their bearing capacity is sufficient to support applied loads. The failure capacity of helical piles in this study was measured via an experimental research program that was carried out by Frustum Confining Vessel (FCV). FCV is a frustum chamber by approximately linear increase in vertical and lateral stresses along depth from top to bottom. Due to special geometry and applied bottom pressure, this apparatus is a proper choice to test small model piles which can simulate field stress conditions. Small scale helical piles are made with either single helix or more helixes and installed in fine grained sand with three various densities. Axial loading tests including compression and tension tests were performed to achieve pile ultimate capacity. The results indicate the helical piles behavior depends essentially on pile geometric characteristics, i.e. helix configuration and soil properties. According to the achievements, axial uplift capacity of helical model piles is about equal to usual steel model piles that have the helixes diameter. Helical pile compression bearing capacity is too sufficient to act as a medium pile, thus it can be substituted other piles in special geoenvironmental conditions. The bearing capacity also depends on spacing ratio, S/D, and helixes diameter.

Introduction: Patients perceived price fairness for the service provided an important element of marketing hospitals or health care provider organizations. To establish a fair system of pay for performance in a healthy market, a stable income and high performance centers is essential. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of perceived price fairness on satisfaction and loyalty through the services offered price acceptance the city's private hospitals. Methods: This research according to purpose is the application and the descriptive – survey based on structural equation model. The study population consisted of patients (customers) of the private medical centers in the Isfahan city that questionnaires are randomly distributed among the 345 people of these customers. Tool for data collection was based on standard questionnaire these validity and reliability were confirm based at expert and Cronbach’s alph. Method for data collecting was randomly classified and kind of result analysis was based on critical value and fitness index. In addition, the data were analyzed using SPSS18 and Amos 20. Results: The results is supporting of the effect of perceived price fairness on customer satisfaction (β= 0.48) and loyalty (β= 0.34). The data analysis showed that customer satisfaction (β= 0.39) and loyalty (β= 0.42) are two factors to predicting for price acceptance. conclusion: Regarding the effect of perceived price fairness on satisfaction, loyalty and acceptance price of medical services provided by the centers, it is recommended that the management of this center have required considering and comprehensive the price health care provided and as possible by providing marketing guidelines providing feel the price acceptance for patients through Satisfaction and loyalty.

مقدمه: یکی از معیار‌های ارزشیابی که در بیمارستان‌ها، مؤسسات درمانی و مطب‌های دندان‌پزشکی در سال‌های اخیر مورد توجه قرار گرفته است، ارزشیابی براساس کیفیت خدمات می‌باشد. هدف از این مطالعه تحلیل و اولویت‌بندی عوامل مؤثر بر کیفیت خدمات دندان‌پزشکی‌ها از دیدگاه مشتریان بوده است. روش بررسی: روش این پژوهش از نوع تحلیلی و مبتنی بر ابزار‌های تلفیقی Kano و فرایند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی فازی می‌باشد. جامعه‌ی آماری این پژوهش کلیه‌ی مشتریان دندان‌پزشکی‌های شهر اصفهان در سال 1391 بودند. بدین منظور تعداد 490 نفر از مشتریان به‌صورت تصادفی- طبقه‌ای انتخاب شدند. ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها شامل پرسش‌نامه‌ی کانو و فرایند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی بود. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها مبتنی بر روش‌های فازی و با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SPSS و Excel انجام شده است. یافته‌ها: تجزیه تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از مدل کانو نشان می‌دهد که معیار‌های صلاحیت حرفه‌ای، روش و رفتار دندان‌پزشک، کنترل و رفع درد جزو معیار‌های الزامی و معیار‌های زمان صرف شده برای درمان، محیط و جو، موقعیت سهل‌الوصول، انتظار برای درمان، وقت‌شناسی و حق‌الزحمه برای خدمات جزو معیار‌های تک بعدی و در نهایت معیار‌های شهرت دندان‌پزشک، مسیر و طرح‌بندی کلینیک و تسهیلات پارکینگ جزو معیار‌های جذاب شناسایی شدند. همچنین یافته‌های پژوهش با استفاده از فرایند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی فازی بیان‌گر این است که از دیدگاه مشتریان خدمات دندان‌پزشکی به ترتیب ابعاد الزامی (با مقدار 4641/0)، تک بعدی (با مقدار 3346/0) و جذاب (با مقدار 2013/0) از اهمیت و اولویت بیش‌تری برخوردارند. نتیجه‌گیری: مدیران و مسؤولین مراكز خدمات دندان‌پزشکی، با استفاده از ابزارهای تلفیقی کانو و فرایند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی فازی قادر خواهند بود که عوامل مؤثر بر کیفیت خدمات دندان‌پزشکی را شناخته و به برنامه‌ریزی جهت تقویت و اصلاح ضعف‌ها در این بخش بپردازند. واژه‌های کلیدی: کیفیت مراقبت‌های بهداشتی؛ دندان‌پزشکی؛الگوی کانو؛ فرایند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی

مقدمه: لازمه پیاده‌سازی فن‌آوری پزشکی از راه دور برای ارائه خدمات پزشکی و بهداشتی پذیرش آن است. هدف کلی مطالعه حاضر شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر پذیرش پزشکی از راه دور با بهره‌گیری از فن‌آوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات بود. روش بررسی: روش این پژوهش تحلیلی و ابزار گردآوری اطلاعات آن، ترکیبی از پرسشنامه‌ی مدل پذیرش فن‌آوری و تئوری رفتار برنامه‌ریزی شده بود. جامعه‌ی آماری پژوهش حاضر پزشکان بیمارستان‌های شهر اصفهان در دوره‌ی زمانی اردیبهشت و تیر 1391 بودند که با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی طبقه‌بندی شده، 125 نفر از آنان به عنوان نمونه‌ی پژوهش مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. جهت سنجش روایی و پایایی مدل از روش مدل‌یابی معادلات ساختاری و آلفای کرونباخ استفاده شد و براساس نتایج تحلیل مسیر ارتباط متغیرهای این پژوهش مورد تأیید قرار گرفت. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SPSS19 و AMOS20 انجام شد. یافته‌ها: سودمندی درک شده (54/0=β) و سهولت درک شده (43/0=β) بر نگرش نسبت به استفاده از پزشکی از راه دور تأثیرگذار بودند. یافته‌های پژوهش همچنین حاکی از تأثیر مثبت سودمندی درک شده (61/0=β) و کنترل رفتاری درک شده (39/0=β) بر تمایل افراد نسبت به این نوع فن‌آوری بود، درحالی که هنجارهای ذهنی (18/0=β) بر تمایلات رفتاری مورد تأیید قرار نگرفت. نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج بدست آمده حاکی از این است که مدل پذیرش فن‌آوری و تئوری رفتار برنامه‌ریزی شده می‌تواند نیت افراد را در به‌کارگیری فن‌آوری پزشکی از راه دور پیش‌بینی نماید. واژه‌های کلیدی: پزشکی از راه دور؛ فن‌آوری؛ مراقبت سلامت؛ بیمارستان‌ها

Introduction In recent years, increasing attention to the issue of organizational justice and its impacts on organizational outcome has urged organizations to strive for organizational justice in order to survive and reach their objectives. Perceiving injustice has a destructive impact on teamwork spirit and motivation of employees. Injustice and unfair distribution of organization's outputs and achievements demoralize employees and diminish their motivation to be active and assiduous. Besides, it probably reduces performance, production and commitment to the organization. In fact, justice does not mean to assign a single standard for all members. Rather, it means that we must enact responsibilities in certain conditions and act upon them in a fair way. Organizational justice determines how the employees must be treated so they feel they are being treated with justice. According to Lopaciuk (2011, p.63), while organizational justice have a positive effect on an organization's manpower in achieving objectives of employees and the organization, the employees' social capital is also instrumental in a way that chances of success in an organization with high levels of social capital is much more than those organization in which social capital is low. Social capital is a kind of latent wealth and property which is the result of mental preparedness of members of a society to give up their personal interests and engage in collaborative action. It could be considered as a manageable phenomenon in the sense that we can restructure it according to policies of the organization or help the process of its formation. Unlike other kinds of capital, social capital does not exist physically. Rather, it is the result of group and social norms and interactions whose increase causes the reduction of operational costs of the organization. Social capital is generative in nature and urges people to preserve values, perform tasks correctly, reach their goals and accomplish their life plans. In other words, no person or organization could succeed without social capital. Because it is related to perceived sense of injustice, this study attempts to discuss the establishment of justice in organization and employees' opinion on this issue as an effective factor regarding the amount of employees' social capital in the organization. The results, if proven, could help managers employ people with more social capital and hence achieve more success by establishing organizational justice. Material and Method The present study is an applied and descriptive research attempting to offer a clear definition for the correlation of perceived organizational justice and the amount of personnel's social capital. This is a cross sectional field research. For testing empirical data, a conceptual model was designed by the authors. This model has two main parts, including organizational justice and social capital. In order to reach to research objectives, four hypotheses have been tested, investigating the relationship between perceived organizational justice and its dimensions (distributive, procedural and interactional justice) with the amount of employees' social capital. Research population is composed of the personnel of the health network in Noshahr city, of whom 136 individuals were sampled randomly. For data collection, a questionnaire was made by the researchers containing 31 questions based on Likert's five-degree scale. 15 of the questions include aspects of organizational justice and the other 16 questions are relate to aspects of social capital. The questionnaire has a high reliability (0.91) which was calculated by Cronbach's alpha. Also, the content validity of the questionnaire has been assured by using advice from experts. SPSS software was used for data analysis. The statistical methods used in this research include descriptive statistical methods (such as mean and single sample tables) and inferential statistics, including Pearson's correlation coefficient. Discussion of Results & Conclusions Testing of the main hypotheses of the study shows, with 95% of precision, that there is a significant and positive correlation between perceived organizational justice and the amount of social capital in the sense that employees'' positive perception of organizational justice could increase their amount of social capital. Therefore, we can say that not only people with more social capital can better trust other members of their organization, but they can also trust members of other groups and organizations as well, participating in political cooperation, and becoming members of different groups and associations. They can also help to establish trust and uplift the organization's reputation, establish informal relationships in the organization, create empathy among the members and work in teams to perform their tasks. According to the results, striving to increase justice in organizations is one of the most significant factors which help organizations create an environment full of social capital and make great achievements as well as enjoying the benefits of organizational justice. They could also have a greater influence on the amount of employees' social capital by improving their positive perception of the administrators' just behavior (interactional justice). The researchers have reached a consensus that distributive justice leads to organizational effectiveness. By increasing the perception of procedural justice, employees obtain a positive view of the organization and its managers even if they are dissatisfied with payments, promotions and other personal benefits. In addition, procedural justice influences employees' confidence in organization and encourages them to remain in the organization. Various studies have shown that those organizations in which high levels of social capital exist have better organizational performance and hence are more successful in competition with their rivals. Therefore, social capital is the pivot of management issues and those managers who can produce more social capital are considered successful. Studies show that employees' opinion regarding degree of respecting justice in the organization influences attitudes such as organizational commitment and the legitimacy of people in authority. In addition, when employees feel that the organizational procedures and outcomes are unfair, they probably have a weaker performance. This behavior might also damage the process of social capital development in the organization. So all organizations in general and the health network in particular, must do their best to empower the process of justice in distributing outcomes, procedures and social interactions. We recommend that a cultural organization will be established to facilitate the development of employees' social capital and to include social capital indexes in the performance and reward assessment systems of organizations. Administrators can affect their employees' social capital through improvement of the relationship between their subordinates, partnerships, flexible and democratic structures, clear appraisals, fair treatments and empowerment of the employees. A careful study of these factors may reveals different types of justice in each of them.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of CSR on brand loyalty through the mediating role of brand image is casting. The purpose of this study applied descriptive - survey is based on structural equation modeling. The study sample consisted of 130 bank customers in the city that are classified randomly selected. The results of this study that the legal and ethical responsibilities with customers loyalty, by the functional and symbolic Images like copulative bridge are connected together. More precisely, loyal relationship with the symbolic image perceptions by customers, extending the functional images was detected. Hence, these banks can strengthen the structures of the mind, to be loyal customers.

All Given the importance and position of internet banking and the growing trend of internet banking services in the country in recent years, now is the financial and credit institutions and banks have found a good position to maintain and develop effective strategies without the utilization of scientific and practical management Information and communication is not possible.Today,banks in order to remain competitive need to improve the quality of its internet services to the linear view of this topic is not comprehensive. In order to study integrated model web-qual and kano is used that with removal the linear hypothesis is.In the first step towards internet service quality factors based on the nation's banks web-qual model to determine the current practice of banks and provide the service expectations of customers and their vision of internet service quality mentioned has been evaluated.In the first step factors towards internet service quality the nation's banks based on web-qual model to determine the current practice of banks and provide the service expectations of customers and their vision of internet service quality mentioned has been evaluated.Considering the gap between customer expectations and current practice of banks in providing these services, services to the two categories is divided into weak and strong.In the second step of research with integrating web-qual and Kano model, service quality factors based on Kano model classified to determine which features of internet service quality determined by the model web-qual and evaluated, is the strategic importance in relation to customer satisfaction.

Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is one of the most influential measurement approaches for relating design alternatives to user acceptance of new information technologies or systems. The emphasis of TAM is on perceived usefulness and ease of use. The main objective of this paper is to examine intention of the factors affecting electronic shopping (e-shopping) using the approach of expanded TAM. In this paper, in order to develop the TAM, security, consistency and normative beliefs have been used as extra aspects that have significant impact on the acceptance of e-shopping. In this survey based study, 280 student of the University of Isfahan have been selected using random stratified sampling method. Respondents have been asked to fill questionnaires of TAM developed by Teylor and Todd (1995), compatibility and normative beliefs developed by Vijayasarathy (2004) and security developed by Salisbury (2001). Findings indicate that security, ease of use, consistency and usefulness are significant predictors of attitudes toward intention to e-shopping and normative beliefs has a positive effect on intention to e-shopping. Therefore, based on the determined factors influencing e-shopping, such factors can be improved towards encouraging users to do more e-shopping.

Some physical and mechanical property testing of main stalks of Lilium was conducted to provide information for future automatic machine design. Shear, compression and bending properties of Lilium stalks were determined with using a universal testing machine. The experiments were conducted at three rate of loading levels from 30 to 50 mm/min, three knife bevel angle levels from 30 to 60 degree and at two levels the stalk; upper and lower. The results showed that all the mentioned above parameters had significant effect on the measured mechanical properties (P

Nowadays, there has been an increasing application of pruning robots for planted forests due to the growing concern on the efficiency and safety issues. Power consumption and working time of agricultural machines have become important issues due to the high value of energy in modern world. In this study, different multi-layer back-propagation networks were utilized for mapping the complex and highly interactive of pruning process parameters and to predict power consumption and cutting time of a force control equipped robotic pruning machine by knowing input parameters such as: rotation speed, stalk diameter, and sensitivity coefficient. Results showed significant effects of all input parameters on output parameters except rotational speed on cutting time. Therefore, for reducing the wear of cutting system, a less rotational speed in every sensitivity coefficient should be selected.