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17,029 results on '"Inoue M"'

1. Clinical Differences Between Survivors and Non-Survivors of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: The Roles of Sulbactam/Ampicillin and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Author

Seki M, Takimoto A, Inoue M, Niiyama K, Masuoka A, and Kotajima F

Subjects
methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, sulbactam/ampicillin, pseudomonas aeruginosa, vancomycin, ventilator-associated pneumonia, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Masafumi Seki,1,2 Anna Takimoto,2 Manabu Inoue,2 Kazuya Niiyama,2 Ayumu Masuoka,2 Futoshi Kotajima2 1Division of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan; 2Respiratory Support Team, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, JapanCorrespondence: Masafumi Seki, Division of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Yamane 1397-1, Hidaka, Saitama, 350-1298, Japan, Tel +81-42-984-4392, Fax +81-42-984-0280, Email sekimm@saitama-med.ac.jpBackground: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the most lethal complications in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. However, critical issues of non-survivors vary and are still unclear in VAP patients.Methods: The clinical differences between survivors and non-survivors of VAP were retrospectively analyzed in patients hospitalized from April 2023 to March 2024.Results: Of a total of 42 VAP patients, 22 (52.4%) survived, and 20 died. Survivors were significantly younger (69.1 vs 71.7 years, p < 0.01) and received sulbactam/ampicillin (SAM) as the initial antibiotics, significantly more (45.5% vs 10%, p = 0.006) than non-survivors. The male/female ratio and wards where they were managed were similar in both groups, but methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was detected significantly more frequently in non-survivors (4/4 = 100%).Conclusion: These data suggest that VAP patients who survived were younger and received treatment with narrow-spectrum antibiotics, such as SAM. Isolation of MRSA might be critical. These findings could influence antibiotic protocols and ICU management strategies to prevent infection with resistant bacteria to improve the prognosis of patients with VAP.Keywords: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, sulbactam/ampicillin, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, vancomycin, ventilator-associated pneumonia

Published
2024

2. Exploring Whether Weight-Related Cues Affect Food Intake in Older Adults with Dementia

Author

Kimura A, Yamaguchi K, Tohara H, Sato Y, Sawada N, Nakagawa Y, Matsuda Y, Inoue M, Wada Y, and Tamaki K

Subjects
nudge, body weight, dementia, food consumption, dining environment, Geriatrics, RC952-954.6
Abstract

Atsushi Kimura,1 Kohei Yamaguchi,2 Haruka Tohara,2 Yusuke Sato,3 Naoko Sawada,3 Yasuhide Nakagawa,3 Yukako Matsuda,4,5 Motoharu Inoue,5 Yuji Wada,6 Kazuhiro Tamaki3,4 1College of Risk Management, Nihon University, Tokyo, Japan; 2Department of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; 3Geriatric Health Services Facility Nanohana, Medical Corporation Kanjinkai, Tokyo, Japan; 4Nanohana Dentistry Clinic, Medical Corporation Kanjinkai, Tokyo, Japan; 5Department of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Nihon University of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan; 6College of Gastronomy Management, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, JapanCorrespondence: Atsushi Kimura, College of Risk Management, Nihon University, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 1548513, Japan, Tel +81 3 6453 1600, Fax +81 3 6453 1630, Email kimura.atsushi@nihon-u.ac.jp Kazuhiro Tamaki, Geriatric Health Services Facility Nanohana, Medical Corporation Kanjinkai, Nishitama-Gun, Tokyo, 1901212, Japan, Tel +81 42 568 5111, Fax +81 42 568 5127, Email tamakikazuhiro@g.kanjinkai.netPurpose: Past research has shown that exposure to the image of a slim person reduces food consumption among young adults. However, it remains unknown whether this paradigm could be adapted and applied to increase food intake among older adults with dementia by exposing them to the image of a higher-weight person to mitigate weight loss and malnutrition. The present study explored whether weight-related visual cues affect the amount of food consumed by older adults with dementia.Participants and Methods: In the experiment, twenty-one elderly people with dementia living in a nursing home were visually exposed to one of four conditions (a cartoon image of a normal-weight chef, a higher-weight chef, a flower or no image) during real-life daily lunch situations over the course of four weeks, during which each condition was presented for one week.Results: Results demonstrate that participants finished their meals more frequently when they were exposed to the image of the higher-weight chef than when they were not exposed to any images.Conclusion: These results suggest that exposure to a cartoon chef character representing a stereotyped social group related to body weight activates the stereotype and increases stereotype-consistent behavior in older adults with dementia. The present findings will contribute to understanding the effect of visual information on eating behavior and to designing eating environments which facilitate sufficient nutrition intake among older adults with dementia.Keywords: nudge, body weight, dementia, food consumption, dining environment

Published
2023

3. Low Serum Total Protein at Admission Predicts in-Hospital Mortality Among General Inpatients: Historical Cohort Study

Author

Inoue M, Takeuchi J, Sakuma M, Nakamura T, and Morimoto T

Subjects
admission, general patients, historical cohort study, mortality, total protein, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Miharu Inoue,1 Jiro Takeuchi,2 Mio Sakuma,2 Tsukasa Nakamura,3 Takeshi Morimoto2 1Japanese Red Cross Aichi Medical Center Nagoya Daini Hospital, Nagoya, Japan; 2Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Japan; 3Department of Infectious Diseases, Shimane Prefectural Central Hospital, Izumo, JapanCorrespondence: Takeshi Morimoto, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan, Tel +81-798-45-6879, Fax +81-798-45-6920, Email morimoto@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jpPurpose: Low total protein (TP) is associated with mortality among patients with specific diseases, but its association was uncertain among general patients. We evaluated the effects of low TP on in-hospital mortality among general inpatients.Patients and Methods: We used data from the Japan Adverse Drug Events study series. We enrolled adult inpatients (≥ 16 years) admitted to a tertiary care hospital between September 1 and November 30, 2013. We excluded patients with multiple myeloma, pregnant women, and bone marrow graft donors. Patient data were extracted from electronic medical records. All patients were stratified into those with and without malignancy and divided into the low and normal TP groups. Low TP was defined as < 6.5 g/dL. We compared the in-hospital mortality of the low and normal TP groups stratified by the presence of malignancy.Results: Among the 2235 enrolled patients (mean age, 67.8 years), the TP value was lower in 516 patients with malignancy than in 1719 patients without malignancy (6.6 g/dL vs 6.8 g/dL, P = 0.0002). Among patients without or with malignancy, 27% (462/1719) and 35% (183/516) were in the low TP group, respectively. Mortality was higher in the low TP group among patients without malignancy (23.2% vs 10.2%, P < 0.0001). Likewise, among patients with malignancy, mortality was higher in the low TP group (34.7% vs 11.3%, P = 0.0029). The adjusted hazard ratio of the low TP group was 1.75 (95% confidence interval, 1.04– 2.96) in patients without malignancy and 2.45 (95% confidence interval, 1.12– 5.37) in patients with malignancy, but the interaction was not significant (P = 0.23).Conclusion: Low TP values were associated with higher in-hospital mortality among general inpatients, and this association was observed among patients with and those without malignancy. Routinely measured TP should be utilized to risk stratification on admission.Keywords: admission, general patients, historical cohort study, mortality, total protein

Published
2022

4. Intrascleral Intraocular Lens Fixation Preserving the Lens Capsule in Cases of Cataract with Insufficient Zonular Support

Author

Kato M, Namba M, Shimoyama S, Inoue M, Ouchi C, and Shimizu T

Subjects
insufficient zonular support, phacodonesis, lens capsule, capsular tension ring, intrascleral iol fixation, Ophthalmology, RE1-994
Abstract

Mutsuko Kato, Michie Namba, Sachika Shimoyama, Mayumi Inoue, Chihiro Ouchi, Takehiro Shimizu Department of Ophthalmology, Japan Red Cross Okayama Hospital, Okayama, JapanCorrespondence: Mutsuko KatoDepartment of Ophthalmology, Japan Red Cross Okayama Hospital, 2-1-1 Aoe, Kita-ward, Okayama, 700-8607, JapanTel +81 86 222 8811Fax +81 86 222 8841Email mutsukato@okayama-med.jrc.or.jpPurpose: To report our modified simple technique for optic capture and the clinical results of intrascleral IOL fixation preserving the lens capsule, without vitrectomy, in cases of cataract with insufficient zonular support to stabilize the intraocular lens (IOL).Patients and Methods: In 37 eyes of 25 patients with phacodonesis and two or more risk factors for progressive zonular insufficiency, we inserted a CTR to support the capsule and zonules during cataract surgery and IOL fixation; an optic was inserted into the lens capsule, and a haptic was fixed in the scleral tunnel without vitrectomy. In all cases, anterior or total vitrectomy was not needed.Results: The postoperative mean (± standard deviation) tilt and decentration of the implanted IOL did not change from 6 to 12 months (6.77 ± 3.15° to 6.33 ± 3.38° and 0.60 ± 0.30 to 0.61 ± 0.35 mm, respectively). We encountered no late IOL dislocation and no retinal complications, including retinal breaks or cystoid macular oedema, postoperatively (follow-up = 21.1 ± 5.2 months).Conclusion: Our modified techniques preclude the need for vitrectomy. If the lens capsule can be preserved using a CTR, our modified technique can be used to stabilize IOL.Keywords: insufficient zonular support, phacodonesis, lens capsule, capsular tension ring, intrascleral IOL fixation

Published
2022

5. Addition Of Sauce Enhances Finger-Snack Intake Among Japanese Elderly People With Dementia

Author

Kimura A, Yamaguchi K, Tohara H, Sato Y, Sawada N, Nakagawa Y, Matsuda Y, Inoue M, and Tamaki K

Subjects
food consumption, dementia, under nutrition, food improvement, sauce, Geriatrics, RC952-954.6
Abstract

Atsushi Kimura,1 Kohei Yamaguchi,2,3 Haruka Tohara,3 Yusuke Sato,4 Naoko Sawada,4 Yasuhide Nakagawa,4 Yukako Matsuda,2,5 Motoharu Inoue,2,5 Kazuhiro Tamaki2,4 1College of Risk Management, Nihon University, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan; 2Dentistry Nanohana Clinic, Medical Corporation Kanjinkai, Nishitama-gun, Tokyo, Japan; 3Department of Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan; 4Geriatric Health Services Facility Nanohana, Medical Corporation Kanjinkai, Nishitama-gun, Tokyo, Japan; 5Department of Dysphasia Rehabilitation, Nihon University of Dentistry, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, JapanCorrespondence: Atsushi KimuraCollege of Risk Management, Nihon University, 3-34-1 Shimouma, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 154-8513, JapanTel +81 3 6453 1600Fax +81 3 6453 1630Email kimura.atsushi@nihon-u.ac.jpKazuhiro TamakiGeriatric Health Services Facility Nanohana, Medical Corporation Kanjinkai, 454 Tonogaya, Mizuho-machi, Nishitama-gun, Tokyo 190-1212, JapanTel +81 42 568 5111Fax +81 42 568 5127Email tamakikazuhiro@g.kanjinkai.netPurpose: The previous study demonstrated that the addition of a sauce is an effective means of influencing the consumption of finger foods among French elderly people with dementia. However, it is unclear the relative importance of low-level sensory factors such as flavor and a semi-solid nature and high-level cognitive factors such as memory stimulation and familiarity to the effect of the addition of sauce on food intake. The present study investigated whether the addition of sauce affects finger-snack intake among Japanese elderly people with dementia who were not familiar with sauce dipping.Patients And Methods: A total of 21 patients with dementia who were recruited in a nursing home in Tokyo received a plate of cut baumkuchen (a very thinly layered German roll cake), which had pieces of baumkuchen both with and without sauce, at their afternoon snack time. The amount of food intake and the first choice between options were measured for each participant. We used chocolate (in Experiment 1, n = 21) and agave (Experiment 2, n =14) syrups as sauce samples.Results: Results of both experiments demonstrate that snack consumption was greater for the with-sauce options than for the without-sauce options. A 90.5% of the participants in Experiment 1 and 64.3% of participants in Experiment 2 ate more snacks with sauce than without sauce.Conclusion: These findings imply that low-level sensory factors such as flavor and a semi-solid nature contribute relatively more strongly to the enhancement of food consumption with the addition of sauce than do high-level cognitive factors such as memory stimulation and familiarity, because Japanese elderly people are not always familiar with the custom of wiping up the sauce with food.Keywords: food consumption, dementia, under nutrition, food improvement, sauce

Published
2019

6. Comparative effectiveness of switching paroxetine formulation for treatment of major depressive disorder: an open-label multicenter study

Author

Otsubo T, Watanabe Y, Hongo S, Inoue M, Akimoto K, Murakami K, Takahashi R, and Kikuchi T

Subjects
major depressive disorder, controlled-release paroxetine, drug formulation, antidepressant, switching, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429
Abstract

Tempei Otsubo,1 Yoshinori Watanabe,2,3 Seiji Hongo,3 Mikichika Inoue,4 Kimiko Akimoto,4 Ken Murakami,5 Ryutaro Takahashi,6 Toshiaki Kikuchi7 1Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Women’s Medical University Medical Center East, Tokyo, Japan; 2Himorogi Psychiatric Institute, Tokyo, Japan; 3Nanko Clinic of Psychiatry, Shirakawa, Japan; 4Ikebukuro Internal Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; 5Murakami Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; 6Takahashi Clinic, Tokyo, Japan; 7Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan Aim: To assess the effectiveness and safety of switching the antidepressant formulation from immediate-release (IR) to controlled-release (CR) paroxetine in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Patients and methods: A total of 113 outpatients with MDD diagnosed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision, and treated with a stable dose of IR paroxetine for at least 6 months were enrolled. Patients were then switched to CR paroxetine for 8 weeks. Effectiveness was evaluated by scores on the Himorogi Self-Rating Depression/Anxiety Scales (HSDS/HSAS) and the Clinical Global Impression – Severity (CGI-S). Safety was evaluated based on the reported adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Medication satisfaction and preference were assessed based on questionnaire responses using Likert-type scales. Results: The overall patient HSDS/HSAS scores significantly improved after switching from IR to CR paroxetine (P

Published
2018

7. Broadband Multi-wavelength Properties of M87 during the 2018 EHT Campaign including a Very High Energy Flaring Episode

Author

Algaba, J. C., Balokovic, M., Chandra, S., Cheong, W. Y., Cui, Y. Z., D'Ammando, F., Falcone, A. D., Ford, N. M., Giroletti, M., Goddi, C., Gurwell, M. A., Hada, K., Haggard, D., Jorstad, S., Kaur, A., Kawashima, T., Kerby, S., Kim, J. Y., Kino, M., Kravchenko, E. V., Lee, S. S., Lu, R. S., Markoff, S., Michail, J., Neilsen, J., Nowak, M. A., Principe, G., Ramakrishnan, V., Ripperda, B., Sasada, M., Savchenko, S. S., Sheridan, C., Akiyama, K., Alberdi, A., Alef, W., Anantua, R., Asada, K., Azulay, R., Bach, U., Baczko, A. -K., Ball, D., Bandyopadhyay, B., Barrett, J., Bauböck, M., Benson, B. A., Bintley, D., Blackburn, L., Blundell, R., Bouman, K. L., Bower, G. C., Boyce, H., Bremer, M., Brissenden, R., Britzen, S., Broderick, A. E., Broguiere, D., Bronzwaer, T., Bustamante, S., Carlstrom, J. E., Chael, A., Chan, C. -K., Chang, D. O., Chatterjee, K., Chatterjee, S., Chen, M. -T., Chen, Y., Cheng, X., Cho, I., Christian, P., Conroy, N. S., Conway, J. E., Crawford, T. M., Crew, G. B., Cruz-Osorio, A., Dahale, R., Davelaar, J., De Laurentis, M., Deane, R., Dempsey, J., Desvignes, G., Dexter, J., Dhruv, V., Dihingia, I. K., Doeleman, S. S., Dzib, S. A., Eatough, R. P., Emami, R., Falcke, H., Farah, J., Fish, V. L., Fomalont, E., Ford, H. A., Foschi, M., Fraga-Encinas, R., Freeman, W. T., Friberg, P., Fromm, C. M., Fuentes, A., Galison, P., Gammie, C. F., García, R., Gentaz, O., Georgiev, B., Gold, R., Gómez-Ruiz, A. I., Gómez, J. L., Gu, M., Hesper, R., Heumann, D., Ho, L. C., Ho, P., Honma, M., Huang, C. -W. L., Huang, L., Hughes, D. H., Ikeda, S., Impellizzeri, C. M. V., Inoue, M., Issaoun, S., James, D. J., Jannuzi, B. T., Janssen, M., Jeter, B., Jiang, W., Jiménez-Rosales, A., Johnson, M. D., Jones, A. C., Joshi, A. V., Jung, T., Karuppusamy, R., Keating, G. K., Kettenis, M., Kim, D. -J., Kim, J., Koay, J. Y., Kocherlakota, P., Kofuji, Y., Koch, P. M., Koyama, S., Kramer, C., Kramer, J. A., Kramer, M., Krichbaum, T. P., Kuo, C. -Y., La Bella, N., Levis, A., Li, Z., Lico, R., Lindahl, G., Lindqvist, M., Lisakov, M., Liu, J., Liu, K., Liuzzo, E., Lo, W. -P., Lobanov, A. P., Loinard, L., Lonsdale, C. J., Lowitz, A. E., MacDonald, N. R., Mao, J., Marchili, N., Marrone, D. P., Marscher, A. P., Martí-Vidal, I., Matsushita, S., Matthews, L. D., Medeiros, L., Menten, K. M., Mizuno, I., Mizuno, Y., Montgomery, J., Moran, J. M., Moriyama, K., Moscibrodzka, M., Mulaudzi, W., Müller, C., Müller, H., Mus, A., Musoke, G., Myserlis, I., Nagai, H., Nagar, N. M., Nair, D. G., Nakamura, M., Narayanan, G., Natarajan, I., Nathanail, A., Fuentes, S. Navarro, Ni, C., Oh, J., Okino, H., Olivares, H., Oyama, T., Özel, F., Palumbo, D. C. M., Paraschos, G. Filippos, Park, J., Parsons, H., Patel, N., Pen, U. -L., Pesce, D. W., Piétu, V., PopStefanija, A., Porth, O., Prather, B., Psaltis, D., Pu, H. -Y., Rao, R., Rawlings, M. G., Raymond, A. W., Rezzolla, L., Ricarte, A., Roelofs, F., Romero-Cañizales, C., Ros, E., Roshanineshat, A., Rottmann, H., Roy, A. L., Ruiz, I., Ruszczyk, C., Rygl, K. L. J., Sánchez, S., Sánchez-Argüelles, D., Sánchez-Portal, M., Satapathy, K., Savolainen, T., Schloerb, F. P., Schonfeld, J., Schuster, K. -F., Shao, L., Shen, Z., Small, D., Sohn, B. W., SooHoo, J., Salas, L. D. Sosapanta, Souccar, K., Stanway, J. S., Sun, H., Tazaki, F., Tetarenko, A. J., Tiede, P., Tilanus, R. P. J., Titus, M., Toma, K., Torne, P., Toscano, T., Traianou, E., Trent, T., Trippe, S., Turk, M., van Bemmel, I., van Langevelde, H. J., van Rossum, D. R., Vos, J., Wagner, J., Ward-Thompson, D., Wardle, J., Washington, J. E., Weintroub, J., Wharton, R., Wielgus, M., Wiik, K., Witzel, G., Wondrak, M. F., Wong, G. N., Wu, Q., Yadlapalli, N., Yamaguchi, P., Yfantis, A., Yoon, D., Young, A., Younsi, Z., Yu, W., Yuan, F., Yuan, Y. -F., Zensus, J. A., Zhang, S., Zhao, G. -Y., Zhao, S. -S., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Bissaldi, E., Blandford, R. D., Bonino, R., Bruel, P., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Cavazzuti, E., Cheung, C. C., Ciprini, S., Orestano, P. Cristarella, Cutini, S., Di Lalla, N., Dinesh, A., Di Venere, L., Domínguez, A., Fegan, S. J., Franckowiak, A., Fukazawa, Y., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasbarra, C., Germani, S., Giliberti, M., Grenier, I. A., Hays, E., Horan, D., Kuss, M., Larsson, S., Liodakis, I., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lovellette, M. N., Maldera, S., Mazziotta, M. N., Mereu, I., Michelson, P. F., Mirabal, N., Mizuno, T., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Negro, M., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Persic, M., Rainò, S., Rani, B., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Sánchez-Conde, M., Parkinson, P. M. Saz, Sgrò, C., Siskind, E. J., Spinelli, P., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Torres, D. F., Zaharijas, G., Aharonian, F., Benkhali, F. Ait, Aschersleben, J., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Martins, V. Barbosa, Batzofin, R., Becherini, Y., Berge, D., Böttcher, M., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, Borowska, J., Bouyahiaoui, M., Bradascio, F., Brose, R., Brown, A., Bruno, B., Bulik, T., Burger-Scheidlin, C., Casanova, S., Cecil, R., Celic, J., Cerruti, M., Chand, T., Chen, A., Chibueze, J., Chibueze, O., Czerny, T., Dainotti, M., Dubus, F., Dumm, J., D'Urso, G., Drouhin, A., Durouchoux, P., Fabbian, D., Franczak, D., Funk, M., Gabanyi, J., Gaggero, G., Garcia, N., Geiger, A., Giorgi, M. G., Gleeson, S., Gonzalez, S., Gauthier, G. T., Grasso, P., Hovatta, T., Hyman, J., Kaaret, C., Kirk, D., Lal, S., Lesch, T. M., Lohmann, K., Massaro, C., Mayer, M., Meintjes, P. J., Miral, E., Mirra, A., Neronov, J., Padovani, E., Paccagnella, F., Parisi, E., Piotrowska, A., Pohl, S., Puga, G., Ramirez, L. R., Reville, S., Rowell, D. S., Rudge, M., Rybka, G., Schlenstedt, M. S., Seo, E. S., Svirski, J., Taylor, J. R., Torres, F., Tsujimoto, K., Tosti, F., Volpi, S., Walraven, N. A., Welker, L., Zietkiewicz, M., Abdalla, G., Aleva, C., Benkhali, H. A. Ait, Aldous, M., Amin, M., Aschieri, M. A., de Deus, E., Santos, J. de Los, Fontanot, D., Jorfi, S., Levens, P., Zwart, A. E. E., Oliviero, S., Puglisi, D., Thiel, M., Zaharijas, C., Amaral, F., Boella, L., Holincheck, L., Queiroz, R., Sofue, H., Tellis, G., Wagner, G., Wierzcholska, A., Zacharias, M., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zywucka, N., Abe, S., Abhir, J., Abhishek, A., Acciari, V. A., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Aniello, T., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Engels, A. Arbet, Arcaro, C., Artero, M., Asano, K., Babic, A., de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batkovic, I., Bautista, A., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Bernete, J., Berti, A., Besenrieder, J., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Bosnjak, Z., Bronzini, E., Burelli, I., Busetto, G., Campoy-Ordaz, A., Carosi, A., Carosi, R., Carretero-Castrillo, M., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Cerasole, D., Ceribella, G., Chai, Y., Cifuentes, A., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., D'Amico, G., D'Elia, V., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., de Menezes, R., Delfino, M., Delgado, J., Mendez, C. Delgado, Di Pierro, F., Di Tria, R., Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Elsaesser, D., Escudero, J., Fariña, L., Fattorini, A., Foffano, L., Font, L., Fröse, S., Fukami, S., López, R. J. García, Garczarczyk, M., Gasparyan, S., Gaug, M., Paiva, J. G. Giesbrecht, Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Gliwny, P., Godinovic, N., Gradetzke, T., Grau, R., Green, D., Green, J. G., Günther, P., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hassan, T., Heckmann, L., Llorente, J. Herrera, Hrupec, D., Imazawa, R., Ishio, K., Martínez, I. Jiménez, Jormanainen, J., Kayanoki, T., Kerszberg, D., Kluge, G. W., Kobayashi, Y., Kouch, P. M., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Laínez, M., Lamastra, A., Leone, F., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Lorini, A., Lyard, E., Fraga, B. Machado de Oliveira, Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mangano, S., Mannheim, K., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Martínez-Chicharro, M., Mas-Aguilar, A., Mazin, D., Menchiari, S., Mender, S., Miceli, D., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., González, M. Molero, Molina, E., Mondal, H. A., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Nakamori, T., Nanci, C., Neustroev, V., Nickel, L., Rosillo, M. Nievas, Nigro, C., Nikolic, L., Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Ekoume, T. Njoh, Noda, K., Nozaki, S., Ohtani, Y., Okumura, A., Otero-Santos, J., Paiano, S., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Peresano, M., Pihet, M., Pirola, G., Podobnik, F., Moroni, P. G. Prada, Prandini, E., Priyadarshi, C., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Righi, C., Sahakyan, N., Saito, T., Saturni, F. G., Schmidt, K., Schmuckermaier, F., Schubert, J. L., Schweizer, T., Sciaccaluga, A., Silvestri, G., Sitarek, J., Sliusar, V., Sobczynska, D., Spolon, A., Stamerra, A., Strišković, J., Strom, D., Strzys, M., Suda, Y., Suutarinen, S., Takahashi, M., Takeishi, R., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terauchi, K., Terzic, T., Teshima, M., Truzzi, S., Tutone, A., Ubach, S., van Scherpenberg, J., Acosta, M. Vazquez, Ventura, S., Verna, G., Viale, I., Vigorito, C. F., Vitale, V., Vovk, I., Walter, R., Will, M., Wunderlich, C., Yamamoto, T., Acharyya, A., Adams, C. B., Bangale, P., Bartkoske, J. T., Benbow, W., Christiansen, J. L., Duerr, A., Errando, M., Feng, Q., Foote, G. M., Fortson, L., Furniss, A., Hanlon, W., Hervet, O., Hinrichs, C. E., Holder, J., Humensky, T. B., Jin, W., Johnson, M. N., Kaaret, P., Kertzman, M., Kieda, D., Kleiner, T. K., Korzoun, N., Krennrich, F., Kumar, S., Lang, M. J., Lundy, M., Maier, G., McGrath, C. E., Millard, M. J., Mooney, C. L., Moriarty, P., Mukherjee, R., Ning, W., O'Brien, S., Ong, R. A., Pohl, M., Pueschel, E., Quinn, J., Ragan, K., Reynolds, P. T., Ribeiro, D., Roache, E., Ryan, J. L., Sadeh, I., Saha, L., Santander, M., Sembroski, G. H., Shang, R., Splettstoesser, M., Talluri, A. K., Tucci, J. V., Valverde, J., Vassiliev, V. V., Williams, D. A., Wong, S. L., Chen, Z., Cui, L., Hirota, T., Li, B., Li, G., Liu, Q., Liu, X., Liu, Z., Ma, J., Niinuma, K., Ro, H., Sakai, N., Sawada-Satoh, S., Wajima, K., Wang, J., Wang, N., Xia, B., Yan, H., Yonekura, Y., Zhang, H., Zhao, R., Zhong, W., group, The Event Horizon Telescope - Multi-wavelength science working, Collaboration, The Event Horizon Telescope, Collaboration, The Fermi Large Area Telescope, Collaboration, H. E. S. S., Collaboration, MAGIC, Collaboration, VERITAS, and Collaboration, EAVN

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

The nearby elliptical galaxy M87 contains one of the only two supermassive black holes whose emission surrounding the event horizon has been imaged by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT). In 2018, more than two dozen multi-wavelength (MWL) facilities (from radio to gamma-ray energies) took part in the second M87 EHT campaign. The goal of this extensive MWL campaign was to better understand the physics of the accreting black hole M87*, the relationship between the inflow and inner jets, and the high-energy particle acceleration. Understanding the complex astrophysics is also a necessary first step towards performing further tests of general relativity. The MWL campaign took place in April 2018, overlapping with the EHT M87* observations. We present a new, contemporaneous spectral energy distribution (SED) ranging from radio to very high energy (VHE) gamma-rays, as well as details of the individual observations and light curves. We also conduct phenomenological modelling to investigate the basic source properties. We present the first VHE gamma-ray flare from M87 detected since 2010. The flux above 350 GeV has more than doubled within a period of about 36 hours. We find that the X-ray flux is enhanced by about a factor of two compared to 2017, while the radio and millimetre core fluxes are consistent between 2017 and 2018. We detect evidence for a monotonically increasing jet position angle that corresponds to variations in the bright spot of the EHT image. Our results show the value of continued MWL monitoring together with precision imaging for addressing the origins of high-energy particle acceleration. While we cannot currently pinpoint the precise location where such acceleration takes place, the new VHE gamma-ray flare already presents a challenge to simple one-zone leptonic emission model approaches, and emphasises the need for combined image and spectral modelling., Comment: 46 pages, 23 figures, accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics on August. 29, 2024

Published
2024
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8. Surgical intervention for renal cell carcinoma with inferior vena cava extension combined with laparoscopic procedure

Author

Kamimura T, Kida K, Takeda M, Sato S, Fujii M, Inoue M, Tsukino H, Mukai S, Nanashima A, Nakamura K, and Kamoto T

Subjects
renal cell carcinoma, IVC extension, combined laparoscopic-open surgery, Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology, RC870-923
Abstract

Toshio Kamimura,1 Kazutaka Kida,1 Masashi Takeda,1 Shunsuke Sato,1 Masato Fujii,1 Masahiro Inoue,1 Hiromasa Tsukino,1 Shoichiro Mukai,1 Atsushi Nanashima,2 Kunihide Nakamura,2 Toshiyuki Kamoto1 1Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan; 2Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan Abstract: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) shows extreme hypervascularity, which may cause significant bleeding during surgery. For this reason, control of arterial blood supply is an important factor in the choice of operative procedure and in avoiding perioperative complications. This case series reports the successful dissection of renal artery in the preliminary stage of laparoscopic procedure in three ccRCC patients with inferior vena cava (IVC) extension. Patient 1 had right renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with level I tumor thrombus through two renal veins, and the renal artery was successfully dissected by retroperitonealscopic approach. Patient 2 had right invasive, immobilized RCC with significant infiltration to IVC and liver. Ligation of renal artery was performed by transperitoneal laparoscopic procedure. Patient 3 had left RCC with level III tumor thrombus and lung metastasis. Ligation of left renal artery and mobilization of peritoneal organs and kidney were performed by transperitoneal laparoscopic surgery. These cases suggest that combined laparoscopic-open surgery for RCC with IVC extension may facilitate early control of arterial blood supply. Keywords: renal cell carcinoma, IVC extension, combined laparoscopic-open surgery

Published
2017

9. Efficacy of intravitreal aflibercept injections for Japanese patients with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy

Author

Arakawa A, Inoue M, Sato S, Yamane S, and Kadonosono K

Subjects
aflibercept, polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy, Japanese, Early Treatment Diabetic Retnipathy Study chart, Ophthalmology, RE1-994
Abstract

Akira Arakawa,1,2 Maiko Inoue,2 Shimpei Sato,2 Shin Yamane,2 Kazuaki Kadonosono2 1Department of Ophthalmology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Yokohama City Seibu Hospital, 2Department of Ophthalmology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of intravitreal aflibercept therapy in treatment-naïve Japanese patients with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) using Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) letter scores.Subjects and methods: This study was a prospective, nonrandomized, interventional exploratory clinical trial performed in an institutional setting. Patients with PCV were treated with intravitreal aflibercept 2 mg/0.05 mL every 2 months after 3 initial monthly doses, for 1 year. Visual acuity test using the ETDRS chart and indocyanine green angiography was performed at baseline and at 6 and 12 months after initiating the treatment, in addition to routine examinations performed at each visit. The main outcome measure was the proportion of patients who achieved

Published
2017

10. Ordered magnetic fields around the 3C 84 central black hole

Author

Paraschos, G. F., Kim, J. -Y., Wielgus, M., Röder, J., Krichbaum, T. P., Ros, E., Agudo, I., Myserlis, I., Moscibrodzka, M., Traianou, E., Zensus, J. A., Blackburn, L., Chan, C. -K., Issaoun, S., Janssen, M., Johnson, M. D., Fish, V. L., Akiyama, K., Alberdi, A., Alef, W., Algaba, J. C., Anantua, R., Asada, K., Azulay, R., Bach, U., Baczko, A. -K., Ball, D., Baloković, M., Barrett, J., Bauböck, M., Benson, B. A., Bintley, D., Blundell, R., Bouman, K. L., Bower, G. C., Boyce, H., Bremer, M., Brinkerink, C. D., Brissenden, R., Britzen, S., Broderick, A. E., Broguiere, D., Bronzwaer, T., Bustamante, S., Byun, D. -Y., Carlstrom, J. E., Ceccobello, C., Chael, A., Chang, D. O., Chatterjee, K., Chatterjee, S., Chen, M. T., Chen, Y., Cheng, X., Cho, I., Christian, P., Conroy, N. S., Conway, J. E., Cordes, J. M., Crawford, T. M., Crew, G. B., Cruz-Osorio, A., Cui, Y., Dahale, R., Davelaar, J., De Laurentis, M., Deane, R., Dempsey, J., Desvignes, G., Dexter, J., Dhruv, V., Doeleman, S. S., Dougal, S., Dzib, S. A., Eatough, R. P., Emami, R., Falcke, H., Farah, J., Fomalont, E., Ford, H. A., Foschi, M., Fraga-Encinas, R., Freeman, W. T., Friberg, P., Fromm, C. M., Fuentes, A., Galison, P., Gammie, C. F., García, R., Gentaz, O., Georgiev, B., Goddi, C., Gold, R., Gómez-Ruiz, A. I., Gómez, J. L., Gu, M., Gurwell, M., Hada, K., Haggard, D., Haworth, K., Hecht, M. H., Hesper, R., Heumann, D., Ho, L. C., Ho, P., Honma, M., Huang, C. L., Huang, L., Hughes, D. H., Ikeda, S., Impellizzeri, C. M. V., Inoue, M., James, D. J., Jannuzi, B. T., Jeter, B., Jaing, W., Jiménez-Rosales, A., Jorstad, S., Joshi, A. V., Jung, T., Karami, M., Karuppusamy, R., Kawashima, T., Keating, G. K., Kettenis, M., Kim, D. -J., Kim, J., Kino, M., Koay, J. Y., Kocherlakota, P., Kofuji, Y., Koch, P. M., Koyama, S., Kramer, C., Kramer, J. A., Kramer, M., Kuo, C. -Y., La Bella, N., Lauer, T. R., Lee, D., Lee, S. -S., Leung, P. K., Levis, A., Li, Z., Lico, R., Lindahl, G., Lindqvist, M., Lisakov, M., Liu, J., Liu, K., Liuzzo, E., Lo, W. -P., Lobanov, A. P., Loinard, L., Lonsdale, C. J., Lowitz, A. E., Lu, R. -S., MacDonald, N. R., Mao, J., Marchili, N., Markoff, S., Marrone, D. P., Marscher, A. P., Martí-Vidal, I., Matsushita, S., Matthews, L. D., Medeiros, L., Menten, K. M., Michalik, D., Mizuno, I., Mizuno, Y., Moran, J. M., Moriyama, K., Mulaudzi, W., Müller, C., Müller, H., Mus, A., Musoke, G., Nadolski, A., Nagai, H., Nagar, N. M., Nakamura, M., Narayanan, G., Natarajan, I., Nathanail, A., Fuentes, S. Navarro, Neilsen, J., Neri, R., Ni, C., Noutsos, A., Nowak, M. A., Oh, J., Okino, H., Olivares, H., Ortiz-León, G. N., Oyama, T., Özel, F., Palumbo, D. C. M., Park, J., Parsons, H., Patel, N., Pen, U. -L., Piétu, V., Plambeck, R., PopStefanija, A., Porth, O., Pötzl, F. M., Prather, B., Preciado-López, J. A., Psaltis, D., Pu, H. -Y., Ramakrishnan, V., Rao, R., Rawlings, M. G., Raymond, A. W., Rezzolla, L., Ricarte, A., Ripperda, B., Roelofs, F., Rogers, A., Romero-Cañizales, C., Roshanineshat, A., Rottmann, H., Roy, A. L., Ruiz, I., Ruszczyk, C., Rygl, K. L. J., Sánchez, S., Sánchez-Argüelles, D., Sánchez-Portal, M., Sasada, M., Satapathy, K., Savolainen, T., Schloerb, F. P., Schonfeld, J., Schuster, K., Shao, L., Shen, Z., Small, D., Sohn, B. W., SooHoo, J., Salas, L. D. Sosapanta, Souccar, K., Sun, H., Tazaki, F., Tetarenko, A. J., Tiede, P., Tilanus, R. P. J., Titus, M., Torne, P., Toscano, T., Trent, T., Trippe, S., Turk, M., van Bemmel, I., van Langevelde, H. J., van Rossum, D. R., Vos, J., Wagner, J., Ward-Thompson, D., Wardle, J., Washington, J. E., Weintroub, J., Wharton, R., Wiik, K., Witzel, G., Wondrak, M. F., Wong, G. N., Wu, Q., Yadlapalli, N., Yamaguchi, P., Yfantis, A., Yoon, D., Young, A., Young, K., Younsi, Z., Yu, W., Yuan, F., Yuan, Y. -F., Zhang, S., Zhao, G. Y., and Zhao, S. -S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

3C84 is a nearby radio source with a complex total intensity structure, showing linear polarisation and spectral patterns. A detailed investigation of the central engine region necessitates the use of VLBI above the hitherto available maximum frequency of 86GHz. Using ultrahigh resolution VLBI observations at the highest available frequency of 228GHz, we aim to directly detect compact structures and understand the physical conditions in the compact region of 3C84. We used EHT 228GHz observations and, given the limited (u,v)-coverage, applied geometric model fitting to the data. We also employed quasi-simultaneously observed, multi-frequency VLBI data for the source in order to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the core structure. We report the detection of a highly ordered, strong magnetic field around the central, SMBH of 3C84. The brightness temperature analysis suggests that the system is in equipartition. We determined a turnover frequency of $\nu_m=(113\pm4)$GHz, a corresponding synchrotron self-absorbed magnetic field of $B_{SSA}=(2.9\pm1.6)$G, and an equipartition magnetic field of $B_{eq}=(5.2\pm0.6)$G. Three components are resolved with the highest fractional polarisation detected for this object ($m_\textrm{net}=(17.0\pm3.9)$%). The positions of the components are compatible with those seen in low-frequency VLBI observations since 2017-2018. We report a steeply negative slope of the spectrum at 228GHz. We used these findings to test models of jet formation, propagation, and Faraday rotation in 3C84. The findings of our investigation into different flow geometries and black hole spins support an advection-dominated accretion flow in a magnetically arrested state around a rapidly rotating supermassive black hole as a model of the jet-launching system in the core of 3C84. However, systematic uncertainties due to the limited (u,v)-coverage, however, cannot be ignored., Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures, published in A&A

Published
2024
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11. Absolute Flux Density Calibration of the Greenland Telescope Data for Event Horizon Telescope Observations

Author

Koay, J. Y., Asada, K., Matsushita, S., Kuo, C. -Y., Huang, C. -W. L., Romero-Cañizales, C., Koyama, S., Park, J., Lo, W. -P., Bower, G., Chen, M. -T., Chang, S. -H., Chen, C. -C., Chilson, R., Han, C. C., Ho, P. T. P., Huang, Y. -D., Inoue, M., Jeter, B., Jiang, H., Koch, P. M., Kubo, D., Li, C. -T., Liu, C. -T., Liu, K. -Y., Martin-Cocher, P., Nakamura, M., Norton, T. J., Nystrom, G., Oshiro, P., Patel, N., Pen, U. -L., Pu, H. -Y, Raffin, P. A., Rao, R., Sridharan, T. K., Srinivasan, R., and Wei, T. -S

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

Starting from the observing campaign in April 2018, the Greenland Telescope (GLT) has been added as a new station of the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) array. Visibilities on baselines to the GLT, particularly in the North-South direction, potentially provide valuable new constraints for the modeling and imaging of sources such as M87*. The GLT's location at high Northern latitudes adds unique challenges to its calibration strategies. Additionally, the performance of the GLT was not optimal during the 2018 observations due to it being only partially commissioned at the time. This document describes the steps taken to estimate the various parameters (and their uncertainties) required for the absolute flux calibration of the GLT data as part of the EHT. In particular, we consider the non-optimized status of the GLT in 2018, as well as its improved performance during the 2021 EHT campaign., Comment: 17 pages, 4 figures, EHT Memo Series 2023-L1-02

Published
2023

13. Outcomes of microincision vitrectomy surgery with internal limiting membrane peeling for macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion

Author

Sato S, Inoue M, Yamane S, Arakawa A, Mori M, and Kadonosono K

Subjects
Ophthalmology, RE1-994
Abstract

Shimpei Sato,1 Maiko Inoue,2 Shin Yamane,2 Akira Arakawa,2 Mikiro Mori,1 Kazuaki Kadonosono2 1Department of Opthalmology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; 2Department of Ophthalmology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan Purpose: To evaluate the anatomic and functional effect of microincision vitrectomy surgery (MIVS) with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling for macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO).Methods: The medical records of 101 eyes of 101 patients who had undergone MIVS with ILM peeling for macular edema secondary to BRVO were studied. Patients were classified into ischemic and non-ischemic BRVO based on angiograph. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central foveal thickness (CFT), determined by spectral domain optical coherence tomography, were evaluated at baseline and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.Results: Preoperative mean logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) BCVA ± standard deviation (SD) was 0.52±0.43 and mean CFT ± SD was 489.4±224.9 µm. Postoperative mean BCVA ± SD values were 0.41±0.35, 0.35±0.41, 0.29±0.36, and 0.25±0.41, and mean CFT values were 370.1±148.9, 327.5±157.5, 310.9±154.9, and 274.4±135.3 µm at 1, 3, 6, 12 months, respectively. The mean BCVA was significantly improved at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively (all P

Published
2015

14. Comparison of the effects of 23-gauge and 25-gauge microincision vitrectomy blade designs on incision architecture

Author

Inoue M, Abulon DJ, and Hirakata A

Subjects
Ophthalmology, RE1-994
Abstract

Makoto Inoue,1 Dina Joy K Abulon,2 Akito Hirakata1 1Kyorin Eye Center, School of Medicine, Kyorin University, Tokyo, Japan; 2Alcon Research, Ltd., Irvine, CA, USA Purpose: To compare the effects of different 23- and 25-gauge microincision vitrectomy trocar cannula entry systems on incision architecture.Methods: We tested one ridged microvitreoretinal (MVR), one non-ridged MVR, one pointed beveled, and one round-tipped beveled blade (n=10 per blade design per incision type). Each blade’s straight and oblique incision architecture was assessed in a silicone disc simulating the sclera. Wound leakage under pressure and endoscopic observations were conducted on sclerotomy sites of isolated porcine eyes (n=4 per blade design) after simulated vitrectomy.Results: Differences in blade design created distinct incision architecture. Incisions were linear with the ridged MVR blade, flattened “M-shaped” with the non-ridged MVR blade, asymmetrical chevron-shaped with the pointed beveled blade, and curved with the round-tipped beveled blade. With the exception of oblique entry incision thickness, both MVR blade designs created thinner incisions than the beveled blades at entry and exit sites. Only the ridged MVR blade created incisions with no leakage. Vitreous incarceration was observed with all trocar cannula systems.Conclusion: Wound closure in porcine eyes was similar with all blades despite differences in incision architecture. Wound leakage occurred at low to moderate infusion pressures with most blades; no wound leakage was observed with ridged MVR blades. Keywords: entry system, incision closure, leakage, pars plana incision, sclerotomy, trocar blade

Published
2014

15. Intravitreal injection of ranibizumab using a pro re nata regimen for age-related macular degeneration and vision-related quality of life

Author

Inoue M, Arakawa A, Yamane S, and Kadonosono K

Subjects
Ophthalmology, RE1-994
Abstract

Maiko Inoue, Akira Arakawa, Shin Yamane, Kazuaki Kadonosono Department of Ophthalmology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan Background: The purpose of this study was to assess visual function and vision-related ­quality of life after intravitreal injection of ranibizumab (IVR) using a pro re nata regimen for the treatment of age-related macular degeneration.Methods: A prospective study of 54 eyes in 54 patients scheduled to undergo IVR for the treatment of exudative age-related macular degeneration was performed. A self-administered, 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25) was completed before and 3 and 12 months after the initial IVR treatment. We evaluated logMAR visual acuity and NEI VFQ-25 scores preoperatively and postoperatively. Further, associations between the changes in NEI VFQ-25 scores and patient characteristics were investigated at 12 months. Results: Postoperative best-corrected visual acuity improved significantly when compared with the preoperative visual acuity throughout the 12-month period (P

Published
2014

16. Matched control study of visual outcomes after arteriovenous sheathotomy for branch retinal vein occlusion

Author

Yamane S, Kamei M, Sakimoto S, Inoue M, Arakawa A, Suzuki M, Matsumura N, and Kadonosono K

Subjects
Ophthalmology, RE1-994
Abstract

Shin Yamane,1 Motohiro Kamei,2 Susumu Sakimoto,2 Maiko Inoue,1 Akira Arakawa,1 Mihoko Suzuki,2 Nagakazu Matsumura,2 Kazuaki Kadonosono11Department of Ophthalmology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, 2Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, JapanBackground: The purpose of this study was to evaluate visual outcomes of arteriovenous sheathotomy for macular edema due to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO).Methods: The medical records of 45 eyes from 45 patients who had undergone vitrectomy surgery with arteriovenous sheathotomy for BRVO were studied. Forty-five eyes of 45 patients with a BRVO but without intervention were studied as the control group. The best-corrected visual acuity and central macular thickness were compared between the two groups at baseline and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.Results: Improvement of best-corrected visual acuity was 0.42 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) units in the sheathotomy group and 0.22 logMAR units in the control group (P=0.007). The mean postoperative central macular thickness was significantly thinner in the sheathotomy group at 1 month (P=0.01), but not at 3, 6, and 12 months (P=0.75, P=0.81, and P=0.46, respectively). Improvement of best-corrected visual acuity at 12 months was significantly correlated with baseline best-corrected visual acuity, age, duration of symptoms, and sheathotomy (P

Published
2014

17. Reduced prefrontal cortex activation using the Trail Making Test in schizophrenia

Author

Fujiki R, Morita K, Sato M, Kamada Y, Kato Y, Inoue M, Shoji Y, and Uchimura N

Subjects
Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429
Abstract

Ryo Fujiki,1,2 Kiichiro Morita,1,2 Mamoru Sato,1,2 Yuji Kamada,1,2 Yusuke Kato,1,2 Masayuki Inoue,2 Yoshihisa Shoji,1,2 Naohisa Uchimura1 1Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume-City, Japan; 2Cognitive and Molecular Research Institute of Brain Diseases, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume-City, Japan Abstract: Schizophrenia has been associated with a deficit of the prefrontal cortex, which is involved in attention, executive processes, and working memory. The Trail Making Test (TMT) is administered in two parts, TMT-A and TMT-B. It is suggested that the difference in performance between part A and part B reflects executive processes. In this study, we compared the characteristics of hemodynamic changes during TMT tasks between 14 outpatients with schizophrenia and 14 age- and gender-matched healthy control subjects. Using multichannel near-infrared spectroscopy, we measured relative changes in oxygenated hemoglobin concentration, which reflects brain activity of the prefrontal cortex during this task. In both tasks, patients showed significantly smaller activation than controls and, in an assessment of executive functions, a subtraction of oxygenated hemoglobin (oxy-Hb) changes during TMT-A from those of TMT-B showed a decrease in cerebral lateralization and hypoactivity in patients. There was a significant negative correlation between oxy-Hb changes and the severity of psychiatric symptoms. These findings may characterize disease-related features, suggesting the usefulness of oxy-Hb change measurement during TMT tasks for assessing functional outcomes in schizophrenic patients. Keywords: Trail Making Test, multichannel near-infrared spectroscopy, schizophrenia, prefrontal cortex, executive function

Published
2013

18. Descemet-stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty for vitrectomized cases with traumatic aniridia and aphakic bullous keratopathy

Author

Eguchi H, Miyamoto T, Hotta F, Tomida M, Inoue M, and Mitamura Y

Subjects
Ophthalmology, RE1-994
Abstract

Hiroshi Eguchi, Tatsuro Miyamoto, Fumika Hotta, Machiko Tomida, Masayuki Inoue, Yoshinori MitamuraDepartment of Ophthalmology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, JapanAbstract: The surgical indication for Descemet-stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) is largely limited to phakic or pseudophakic cases of endothelial dysfunction with normal pupils, because the endothelial lenticule is generally attached to the recipient cornea by use of gas tamponade into the anterior chamber. Although it may be desirable for vitrectomized cases with aniridia and aphakic bullous keratopathy without capsule support to undergo DSAEK, one of the major problems is lenticule detachment during surgery or in the postoperative period. To perform DSAEK in such cases, special surgical techniques are needed in order to facilitate adhesion of the lenticule. Herein, we describe a suture technique for attaching the endothelial lenticule in DSAEK for aniridic and aphakic cases that have undergone vitrectomy for traumatic vitreoretinal disease.Keywords: traumatic aniridia, aphakic bullous keratopathy, Descemet-stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty, vitrectomy

Published
2012

19. Absolute $\rm ^3$He polarimetry for a double-chambered cell using transmission of thermal neutrons

Author

Watanabe, A., Sekiguchi, K., Ino, T., Inoue, M., Nakai, S., Otake, Y., Taketani, A., and Wakabayashi, Y.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We present an absolute $^3$He polarimetry method based on thermal neutron transmission for a double-chambered cell. This method utilizes the fact that a $^3$He nucleus has a large absorption cross section and a spin dependence for thermal neutrons. The cell had a pumping chamber and a target chamber. Polarized $^3$He gas was produced in the pumping chamber by SEOP and then diffused into the target chamber. The $^3$He polarization in the target chamber was determined by comparing the neutron transmissions with the polarized and unpolarized targets. The measurement was performed at the RIKEN Accelerator-Driven Compact Neutron Source. The $^3$He polarization in the target chamber was determined with a statistical error of 1.8% and systematic uncertainty of 0.6%. This method can be used to obtain high-precision data of spin observables in few-nucleon scattering for the investigation of nuclear forces., Comment: 15 pages, 7 figures

Published
2022
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22. Spin dynamics of positively charged excitons in Cr$^+$-doped quantum dots probed by resonant photoluminescence

Author

Tiwari, V., Inoue, M. Morita T., Kuroda, S. Ando S., Boukari, H., and Besombes, L.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

We study the dynamics of the spin system that consist of a positively charged II-VI semiconductor quantum dot doped with a single Cr$^+$ ion. The resonant photoluminescence (PL) of the positively charged exciton coupled with the Cr$^+$ spin is used to analyze the main spin relaxation channels. The intensity of the resonant PL is reduced by an optical pumping of the spin of the resident hole-Cr$^+$ complex that can be seen as a nano-magnet. The spin memory can be partially erased by a non-resonant optical excitation. This leads to an increase of the resonant PL signal. The resonant PL is co-circularly polarized and corresponds to relaxation channels that conserve the Cr$^+$ spin $\vert S_z \vert$. The observation in the resonant-PL excitation spectra of optical transitions with a change of the Cr$^+$ spin permits to determine the magnetic anisotropy of the magnetic atom. Optical pumping, auto-correlation measurements and the power dependence of the PL intensity distribution show that the effective temperature of the hole-Cr$^+$ spin system is affected by the optical excitation through the local generation of phonons.

Published
2022
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24. Long-term exposure to particulate matter and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in an analysis of multiple Asian cohorts

Author

Downward, G.S., Hystad, P., Tasmin, S., Abe, S.K., Saito, E, Rahman, M.S., Islam, M.R., Gupta, P.C., Sawada, N., Malekzadeh, R., You, S.L., Ahsan, H., Park, S.K., Pednekar, M.S., Tsugane, S., Etemadi, A., Chen, C.J., Shin, A., Chen, Y., Boffetta, P., Chia, K.S., Matsuo, K., Qiao, Y.L., Rothman, N., Zheng, W., Inoue, M., Kang, D., Lan, Q., and Vermeulen, R.C.H

Published
2024
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25. Proton-$\rm ^3He$ elastic scattering at intermediate energies

Author

Watanabe, A., Nakai, S., Wada, Y., Sekiguchi, K., Deltuva, A., Akieda, T., Etoh, D., Inoue, M., Inoue, Y., Kawahara, K., Kon, H., Miki, K., Mukai, T., Sakai, D., Shibuya, S., Shiokawa, Y., Taguchi, T., Umetsu, H., Utsuki, Y., Watanabe, M., Goto, S., Hatanaka, K., Hirai, Y., Ino, T., Inomoto, D., Inoue, A., Ishikawa, S., Itoh, M., Kanda, H., Kasahara, H., Kobayashi, N., Maeda, Y., Mitsumoto, S., Nakamura, S., Nonaka, K., Ong, H. J., Oshiro, H., Otake, Y., Sakai, H., Taketani, A., Tamii, A., Tran, D. T., Wakasa, T., Wakabayashi, Y., and Wakui, T.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract

We present a precise measurement of the cross section, proton and $\rm ^3He$ analyzing powers, and spin correlation coefficient $C_{y,y}$ for $p$-$\rm ^3He$ elastic scattering near 65 MeV, and a comparison with rigorous four-nucleon scattering calculations based on realistic nuclear potentials and a model with $\Delta$-isobar excitation. Clear discrepancies are seen in some of the measured observables in the regime around the cross section minimum. Theoretical predictions using scaling relations between the calculated cross section and the $\rm ^3 He$ binding energy are not successful in reproducing the data. Large sensitivity to the $NN$ potentials and rather small $\Delta$-isobar effects in the calculated cross section are noticed as different features from those in the deuteron-proton elastic scattering. The results obtained above indicate that $p$-$\rm ^3He$ scattering at intermediate energies is an excellent tool to explore nuclear interactions not accessible by three-nucleon scattering., Comment: 22 pages, 6 figures

Published
2021
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26. SYMBA: An end-to-end VLBI synthetic data generation pipeline

Author

Roelofs, F., Janssen, M., Natarajan, I., Deane, R., Davelaar, J., Olivares, H., Porth, O., Paine, S. N., Bouman, K. L., Tilanus, R. P. J., van Bemmel, I. M., Falcke, H., Akiyama, K., Alberdi, A., Alef, W., Asada, K., Azulay, R., Baczko, A., Ball, D., Baloković, M., Barrett, J., Bintley, D., Blackburn, L., Boland, W., Bower, G. C., Bremer, M., Brinkerink, C. D., Brissenden, R., Britzen, S., Broderick, A. E., Broguiere, D., Bronzwaer, T., Byun, D., Carlstrom, J. E., Chael, A., Chan, C., Chatterjee, S., Chatterjee, K., Chen, M., Chen, Y., Cho, I., Christian, P., Conway, J. E., Cordes, J. M., Crew, G. B., Cui, Y., De Laurentis, M., Dempsey, J., Desvignes, G., Dexter, J., Doeleman, S. S., Eatough, R. P., Fish, V. L., Fomalont, E., Fraga-Encinas, R., Friberg, P., Fromm, C. M., Gómez, J. L., Galison, P., Gammie, C. F., García, R., Gentaz, O., Georgiev, B., Goddi, C., Gold, R., Gu, M., Gurwell, M., Hada, K., Hecht, M. H., Hesper, R., Ho, L. C., Ho, P., Honma, M., Huang, C. L., Huang, L., Hughes, D. H., Ikeda, S., Inoue, M., Issaoun, S., James, D. J., Jannuzi, B. T., Jeter, B., Jiang, W., Johnson, M. D., Jorstad, S., Jung, T., Karami, M., Karuppusamy, R., Kawashima, T., Keating, G. K., Kettenis, M., Kim, J., Kino, M., Koay, J. Yi, Koch, P. M., Koyama, S., Kramer, M., Kramer, C., Krichbaum, T. P., Kuo, C., Lauer, T. R., Lee, S., Li, Y., Li, Z., Lindqvist, M., Lico, R., Liu, K., Liuzzo, E., Lo, W., Lobanov, A. P., Loinard, L., Lonsdale, C., Lu, R., MacDonald, N. R., Mao, J., Markoff, S., Marrone, D. P., Marscher, A. P., Martí-Vidal, I., Matsushita, S., Matthews, L. D., Medeiros, L., Menten, K. M., Mizuno, Y., Mizuno, I., Moran, J. M., Moriyama, K., Moscibrodzka, M., Müller, C., Nagai, H., Nagar, N. M., Nakamura, M., Narayan, R., Narayanan, G., Neri, R., Ni, C., Noutsos, A., Okino, H., Ortiz-León, G. N., Oyama, T., Özel, F., Palumbo, D. C. M., Patel, N., Pen, U., Pesce, D. W., Piétu, V., Plambeck, R., PopStefanija, A., Prather, B., Preciado-López, J. A., Psaltis, D., Pu, H., Ramakrishnan, V., Rao, R., Rawlings, M. G., Raymond, A. W., Rezzolla, L., Ripperda, B., Rogers, A., Ros, E., Rose, M., Roshanineshat, A., Rottmann, H., Roy, A. L., Ruszczyk, C., Ryan, B. R., Rygl, K. L. J., Sánchez, S., Sánchez-Arguelles, D., Sasada, M., Savolainen, T., Schloerb, F. Peter, Schuster, K., Shao, L., Shen, Z., Small, D., Sohn, B. Won, SooHoo, J., Tazaki, F., Tiede, P., Titus, M., Toma, K., Torne, P., Trent, T., Trippe, S., Tsuda, S., van Langevelde, H. J., van Rossum, D. R., Wagner, J., Wardle, J., Ward-Thompson, D., Weintroub, J., Wex, N., Wharton, R., Wielgus, M., Wong, G. N., Wu, Q., Young, A., Young, K., Younsi, Z., Yuan, F., Yuan, Y., Zensus, J. A., Zhao, G., Zhao, S., and Zhu, Z.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Realistic synthetic observations of theoretical source models are essential for our understanding of real observational data. In using synthetic data, one can verify the extent to which source parameters can be recovered and evaluate how various data corruption effects can be calibrated. These studies are important when proposing observations of new sources, in the characterization of the capabilities of new or upgraded instruments, and when verifying model-based theoretical predictions in a comparison with observational data. We present the SYnthetic Measurement creator for long Baseline Arrays (SYMBA), a novel synthetic data generation pipeline for Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) observations. SYMBA takes into account several realistic atmospheric, instrumental, and calibration effects. We used SYMBA to create synthetic observations for the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT), a mm VLBI array, which has recently captured the first image of a black hole shadow. After testing SYMBA with simple source and corruption models, we study the importance of including all corruption and calibration effects. Based on two example general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics (GRMHD) model images of M87, we performed case studies to assess the attainable image quality with the current and future EHT array for different weather conditions. The results show that the effects of atmospheric and instrumental corruptions on the measured visibilities are significant. Despite these effects, we demonstrate how the overall structure of the input models can be recovered robustly after performing calibration steps. With the planned addition of new stations to the EHT array, images could be reconstructed with higher angular resolution and dynamic range. In our case study, these improvements allowed for a distinction between a thermal and a non-thermal GRMHD model based on salient features in reconstructed images., Comment: 20 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in A&A

Published
2020
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27. Greenland Telescope (GLT) Project

Author

Nakamura M., Algaba J. C., Asada K., Chen B., Chen M.-T., Han J., Ho P. H. P., Hsieh S.-N., Huang T., Inoue M., Koch P., Kuo C.-Y., Martin-Cocher P., Matsushita S., Meyer-Zhao Z., Nishioka H., Nystrom G., Pradel N., Pu H.-Y., Raffin P., Shen H.-Y., and Tseng C.-Y.

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The GLT project is deploying a new submillimeter (submm) VLBI station in Greenland. Our primary scientific goal is to image a shadow of the supermassive black hole (SMBH) of six billion solar masses in M87 at the center of the Virgo cluster of galaxies. The expected SMBH shadow size of 40-50 μas requires superbly high angular resolution, suggesting that the submm VLBI would be the only way to obtain the shadow image. The Summit station in Greenland enables us to establish baselines longer than 9,000 km with ALMA in Chile and SMA in Hawaii as well as providing a unique u–v coverage for imaging M87. Our VLBI network will achieve a superior angular resolution of about 20 μas at 350 GHz, corresponding to ∼ 2.5 times of the Schwarzschild radius of the supermassive black hole in M87. We have been monitoring the atmospheric opacity at 230 GHz since August. 2011; we have confirmed the value on site during the winter season is comparable to the ALMA site thanks to high altitude of 3,200 m and low temperature of −50°C. We will report current status and future plan of the GLT project towards our expected first light on 2015–2016.

Published
2013
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28. Vertical distributions of 226Ra, 228Ra, and 137Cs activities in the southwestern part of the Sea of Okhotsk

Author

Hamajima Y., Kofuji H., Nagao S., Minakawa M., Yoshida K., Inoue M., and Yamamoto M.

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

We collected 14 water column seawater samples in the southwestern part of the Sea of Okhotsk and employed low-background γ-spectrometry with convenient minimal radiochemical processing to determine the activities of 226Ra (half-life t1/2 = 1600 y), 228Ra (5.75y), and 137Cs (30.2 y) of the samples. All of these nuclides exhibited unique vertical profiles; 226Ra, 228Ra, and 137Cs activities exhibit small variations from 50–500 m depth (226Ra, ~ 2 mBq l−1; 228Ra, ~0.4 mBq l−1; 137Cs, ~ 1 mBq l−1); These profiles can be explained by convective mixing of surface water to this layer.

Published
2012
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29. Seasonal variations of 228Ra/226Ra and 228Th/228Ra ratios in surface water from the eastern East China Sea

Author

Hamajima Y., Nagao S., Kofuji H., Minakawa M., Kiyomoto Y., Inoue M., Yoshida K., and Yamamoto M.

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

A total of 30 surface water samples were collected at 2 sites on the east side of the East China Sea (ECS) during 2008–20f0, and 226Ra, 228Ra, and 228Th activities were measured using low-background γ-spectrometry. The 228Ra/226Ra and 228Th/228Ra activity ratios of the samples exhibited notable seasonal variations (228Ra/226Ra = 0.2–3.3; 228Th/228Ra = < 0.1–0.4) accompanying salinity changes (31.0–34.6). These changes are hypothesized to cause the change by altering the mixing ratio of 228Ra-rich and particle-rich continental shelf water within the ECS.

Published
2012
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30. Sedimentation rates in Kagoshima Bay, Southwestern Japan, using the 210Pb method

Author

Yokota K., Inoue M., Kofuji H., and Maeda H.

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

To understand the pattern of sedimentation rates as fundamental physical parameter of coastal environment, the 210Pb dating method was applied to core samples collected from Kagoshima Bay, Southwestern Japan. The sedimentation rate varied at each location within the bay (0.08–0.30 g·cm−2·y−1), and the rate at the bay-head area was less than that at the centre of the bay. The inventory of ex210Pb has a lower value in the bay-head area. The low ex210Pb inventory at Stn.5' is considered to be due to physical, and chemical conditions in the bay-head area.

Published
2012
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32. Measurement of 3He analyzing power for p-3He scattering using the polarized 3He target

Author

Watanabe, A., Nakai, S., Sekiguchi, K., Akieda, T., Etoh, D., Inoue, M., Inoue, Y., Kawahara, K., Kon, H., Miki, K., Mukai, T., Sakai, D., Shibuya, S., Shiokawa, Y., Taguchi, T., Umetsu, H., Utsuki, Y., Wada, Y., Watanabe, M., Itoh, M., Ino, T., Wakui, T., Hatanaka, K., Kanda, H., Ong, H. J., Tran, D. T., Goto, S., Hirai, Y., Inomoto, D., Kasahara, H., Mitsumoto, S., Oshiro, H., Wakasa, T., Maeda, Y., Nonaka, K., Sakai, H., and Uesaka, T.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Proton-3He scattering is one of the good probes to study the T=3/2 channel of three--nucleon forces. We have measured 3He analyzing powers for p-3He elastic scattering with the polarized 3He target at 70 and 100 MeV. The data are compared with the theoretical predictions based on the modern nucleon--nucleon potentials. Large discrepancies are found between the data and the calculations at the angles where the 3He analyzing power takes the minimum and maximum values, which are not explained by taking into account Delta-isobar degrees of freedom., Comment: 7pages, 3 figures Submission to SciPost

Published
2019

37. The LiteBIRD Satellite Mission - Sub-Kelvin Instrument

Author

Suzuki, A., Ade, P. A. R., Akiba, Y., Alonso, D., Arnold, K., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Barron, D., Basak, S., Beckman, S., Borrill, J., Boulanger, F., Bucher, M., Calabrese, E., Chinone, Y., Cho, H-M., Cukierman, A., Curtis, D. W., de Haan, T., Dobbs, M., Dominjon, A., Dotani, T., Duband, L., Ducout, A., Dunkley, J., Duval, J. M., Elleflot, T., Eriksen, H. K., Errard, J., Fischer, J., Fujino, T., Funaki, T., Fuskeland, U., Ganga, K., Goeckner-Wald, N., Grain, J., Halverson, N. W., Hamada, T., Hasebe, T., Hasegawa, M., Hattori, K., Hattori, M., Hayes, L., Hazumi, M., Hidehira, N., Hill, C. A., Hilton, G., Hubmayr, J., Ichiki, K., Iida, T., Imada, H., Inoue, M., Inoue, Y., D., K., Ishino, H., Jeong, O., Kanai, H., Kaneko, D., Kashima, S., Katayama, N., Kawasaki, T., Kernasovskiy, S. A., Keskitalo, R., Kibayashi, A., Kida, Y., Kimura, K., Kisner, T., Kohri, K., Komatsu, E., Komatsu, K., Kuo, C. L., Kurinsky, N. A., Kusaka, A., Lazarian, A., Lee, A. T., Li, D., Linder, E., Maffei, B., Mangilli, A., Maki, M., Matsumura, T., Matsuura, S., Meilhan, D., Mima, S., Minami, Y., Mitsuda, K., Montier, L., Nagai, M., Nagasaki, T., Nagata, R., Nakajima, M., Nakamura, S., Namikawa, T., Naruse, M., Nishino, H., Nitta, T., Noguchi, T., Ogawa, H., Oguri, S., Okada, N., Okamoto, A., Okamura, T., Otani, C., Patanchon, G., Pisano, G., Rebeiz, G., Remazeilles, M., Richards, P. L., Sakai, S., Sakurai, Y., Sato, Y., Sato, N., Sawada, M., Segawa, Y., Sekimoto, Y., Seljak, U., Sherwin, B. D., Shimizu, T., Shinozaki, K., Stompor, R., Sugai, H., Sugita, H., Suzuki, J., Tajima, O., Takada, S., Takaku, R., Takakura, S., Takatori, S., Tanabe, D., Taylor, E., Thompson, K. L., Thorne, B., Tomaru, T., Tomida, T., Tomita, N., Tristram, M., Tucker, C., Turin, P., Tsujimoto, M., Uozumi, S., Utsunomiya, S., Uzawa, Y., Vansyngel, F., Wehus, I. K., Westbrook, B., Willer, M., Whitehorn, N., Yamada, Y., Yamamoto, R., Yamasaki, N., Yamashita, T., and Yoshida, M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Inflation is the leading theory of the first instant of the universe. Inflation, which postulates that the universe underwent a period of rapid expansion an instant after its birth, provides convincing explanation for cosmological observations. Recent advancements in detector technology have opened opportunities to explore primordial gravitational waves generated by the inflation through B-mode (divergent-free) polarization pattern embedded in the Cosmic Microwave Background anisotropies. If detected, these signals would provide strong evidence for inflation, point to the correct model for inflation, and open a window to physics at ultra-high energies. LiteBIRD is a satellite mission with a goal of detecting degree-and-larger-angular-scale B-mode polarization. LiteBIRD will observe at the second Lagrange point with a 400 mm diameter telescope and 2,622 detectors. It will survey the entire sky with 15 frequency bands from 40 to 400 GHz to measure and subtract foregrounds. The U.S. LiteBIRD team is proposing to deliver sub-Kelvin instruments that include detectors and readout electronics. A lenslet-coupled sinuous antenna array will cover low-frequency bands (40 GHz to 235 GHz) with four frequency arrangements of trichroic pixels. An orthomode-transducer-coupled corrugated horn array will cover high-frequency bands (280 GHz to 402 GHz) with three types of single frequency detectors. The detectors will be made with Transition Edge Sensor (TES) bolometers cooled to a 100 milli-Kelvin base temperature by an adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator.The TES bolometers will be read out using digital frequency multiplexing with Superconducting QUantum Interference Device (SQUID) amplifiers. Up to 78 bolometers will be multiplexed with a single SQUID amplidier. We report on the sub-Kelvin instrument design and ongoing developments for the LiteBIRD mission., Comment: 7 pages 2 figures Journal of Low Temperature Physics - Special edition - LTD17 Proceeding

Published
2018
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38. The ALMA Phasing System: A Beamforming Capability for Ultra-High-Resolution Science at (Sub)Millimeter Wavelengths

Author

Matthews, L. D., Crew, G. B., Doeleman, S. S., Lacasse, R., Saez, A., Alef, W., Akiyama, K., Amestica, R., Anderson, J. M., Barkats, D. A., Baudry, A., Brogiere, D., Escoffier, R., Fish, V. L., Greenberg, J., Hecht, M. H., Hiriart, R., Hirota, A., Honma, M., Ho, P. T. P., Impellizzeri, C. M. V., Inoue, M., Kohno, Y., Lopez, B., Marti-Vidal, I., Messias, H., Meyer-Zhao, Z., Mora-Klein, M., Nagar, N. M., Nishioka, H., Oyama, T., Pankratius, V., Perez, J., Phillips, N., Pradel, N., Rottmann, H., Roy, A. L., Ruszczyk, C. A., Shillue, B., Suzuki, S., and Treacy, R.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The Atacama Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Phasing Project (APP) has developed and deployed the hardware and software necessary to coherently sum the signals of individual ALMA antennas and record the aggregate sum in Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) Data Exchange Format. These beamforming capabilities allow the ALMA array to collectively function as the equivalent of a single large aperture and participate in global VLBI arrays. The inclusion of phased ALMA in current VLBI networks operating at (sub)millimeter wavelengths provides an order of magnitude improvement in sensitivity, as well as enhancements in u-v coverage and north-south angular resolution. The availability of a phased ALMA enables a wide range of new ultra-high angular resolution science applications, including the resolution of supermassive black holes on event horizon scales and studies of the launch and collimation of astrophysical jets. It also provides a high-sensitivity aperture that may be used for investigations such as pulsar searches at high frequencies. This paper provides an overview of the ALMA Phasing System design, implementation, and performance characteristics., Comment: Accepted to PASP; 23 pages

Published
2017
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39. White Paper on East Asian Vision for mm/submm VLBI: Toward Black Hole Astrophysics down to Angular Resolution of 1~R$_{S}$

Author

Asada, K., Kino, M., Honma, M., Hirota, T., Lu, R. -S., Inoue, M., Sohn, B. -W., Shen, Z. -Q., Ho, P. T. P., Akiyama, K., Algaba, J-C., An, T., Bower, G., Byun, D-Y., Dodson, R., Doi, A., Edwards, P. G., Fujisawa, K., Gu, M-F., Hada, K., Hagiwara, Y., Jaroenjittichai, P., Jung, T., Kawashima, T., Koyama, S., Lee, S-S., Matsushita, S., Nagai, H., Nakamura, M., Niinuma, K., Phillips, C., Park, J-H., Pu, H-Y., Ro, H-W., Stevens, J., Trippe, S., Wajima, K., and Zhao, G-Y.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

This White Paper details the intentions and plans of the East Asian Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) community for pushing the frontiers of millimeter/submillimeter VLBI. To this end, we shall endeavor to actively promote coordinated efforts in the East Asia region. Our goal is to establish firm collaborations among the East Asia VLBI community in partnership with related institutes in North America and Europe and to expand existing global mm/submm VLBI arrays for (a) exploring the vicinity of black holes with an ultimate angular resolution down to 1~R$_{S}$ (Schwarzschild radius) and (b) investigating the dynamics of circumstellar gas in star-forming regions and late-type stars, and circumnuclear gas around active galactic nuclei (AGNs). In the first half of this White Paper, we highlight scientific accomplishments of the East Asia (EA) VLBI community. Various VLBI research results on M87, Sgr A*, blazars, narrow-line Seyfert~1 galaxies, and compact symmetric objects are described, and future visions of our VLBI science are briefly presented. Maser science of star formation, stellar evolution, and physics of accretion disks around AGNs are also discussed. A new vision for conducting multi-transition maser studies using mm/submm VLBI together with the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) is described. In the second half of this White Paper, we describe the EA community's vision for using mm/submm VLBI arrays in the framework or extended version of the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) and the Global Millimeter VLBI Array (GMVA). The accomplishment of the aforementioned goal will maximize the overall scientific outcomes of mm/submm VLBI in the world., Comment: 93 pages, 54 figures. White Paper from East Asia VLBI community

Published
2017

40. The LiteBIRD Satellite Mission: Sub-Kelvin Instrument

Author

Suzuki, A, Ade, PAR, Akiba, Y, Alonso, D, Arnold, K, Aumont, J, Baccigalupi, C, Barron, D, Basak, S, Beckman, S, Borrill, J, Boulanger, F, Bucher, M, Calabrese, E, Chinone, Y, Cho, S, Crill, B, Cukierman, A, Curtis, DW, de Haan, T, Dobbs, M, Dominjon, A, Dotani, T, Duband, L, Ducout, A, Dunkley, J, Duval, JM, Elleflot, T, Eriksen, HK, Errard, J, Fischer, J, Fujino, T, Funaki, T, Fuskeland, U, Ganga, K, Goeckner-Wald, N, Grain, J, Halverson, NW, Hamada, T, Hasebe, T, Hasegawa, M, Hattori, K, Hattori, M, Hayes, L, Hazumi, M, Hidehira, N, Hill, CA, Hilton, G, Hubmayr, J, Ichiki, K, Iida, T, Imada, H, Inoue, M, Inoue, Y, Irwin, KD, Ishino, H, Jeong, O, Kanai, H, Kaneko, D, Kashima, S, Katayama, N, Kawasaki, T, Kernasovskiy, SA, Keskitalo, R, Kibayashi, A, Kida, Y, Kimura, K, Kisner, T, Kohri, K, Komatsu, E, Komatsu, K, Kuo, CL, Kurinsky, NA, Kusaka, A, Lazarian, A, Lee, AT, Li, D, Linder, E, Maffei, B, Mangilli, A, Maki, M, Matsumura, T, Matsuura, S, Meilhan, D, Mima, S, Minami, Y, Mitsuda, K, Montier, L, Nagai, M, Nagasaki, T, Nagata, R, Nakajima, M, Nakamura, S, Namikawa, T, Naruse, M, Nishino, H, Nitta, T, Noguchi, T, Ogawa, H, and Oguri, S

Subjects
Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, Cosmic microwave background, Satellite, Inflation, Polarization, B-mode, astro-ph.IM, astro-ph.GA, Mathematical Physics, Classical Physics, Condensed Matter Physics, General Physics, Classical physics, Condensed matter physics
Abstract

Inflation is the leading theory of the first instant of the universe. Inflation, which postulates that the universe underwent a period of rapid expansion an instant after its birth, provides convincing explanation for cosmological observations. Recent advancements in detector technology have opened opportunities to explore primordial gravitational waves generated by the inflation through “B-mode” (divergent-free) polarization pattern embedded in the cosmic microwave background anisotropies. If detected, these signals would provide strong evidence for inflation, point to the correct model for inflation, and open a window to physics at ultra-high energies. LiteBIRD is a satellite mission with a goal of detecting degree-and-larger-angular-scale B-mode polarization. LiteBIRD will observe at the second Lagrange point with a 400 mm diameter telescope and 2622 detectors. It will survey the entire sky with 15 frequency bands from 40 to 400 GHz to measure and subtract foregrounds. The US LiteBIRD team is proposing to deliver sub-Kelvin instruments that include detectors and readout electronics. A lenslet-coupled sinuous antenna array will cover low-frequency bands (40–235 GHz) with four frequency arrangements of trichroic pixels. An orthomode-transducer-coupled corrugated horn array will cover high-frequency bands (280–402 GHz) with three types of single frequency detectors. The detectors will be made with transition edge sensor (TES) bolometers cooled to a 100 milli-Kelvin base temperature by an adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator. The TES bolometers will be read out using digital frequency multiplexing with Superconducting QUantum Interference Device (SQUID) amplifiers. Up to 78 bolometers will be multiplexed with a single SQUID amplifier. We report on the sub-Kelvin instrument design and ongoing developments for the LiteBIRD mission.

Published
2018

41. Concept Study of Optical Configurations for High-Frequency Telescope for LiteBIRD

Author

Hasebe, T, Kashima, S, Ade, PAR, Akiba, Y, Alonso, D, Arnold, K, Aumont, J, Baccigalupi, C, Barron, D, Basak, S, Beckman, S, Borrill, J, Boulanger, F, Bucher, M, Calabrese, E, Chinone, Y, Cho, H-M, Cukierman, A, Curtis, DW, de Haan, T, Dobbs, M, Dominjon, A, Dotani, T, Duband, L, Ducout, A, Dunkley, J, Duval, JM, Elleflot, T, Eriksen, HK, Errard, J, Fischer, J, Fujino, T, Funaki, T, Fuskeland, U, Ganga, K, Goeckner-Wald, N, Grain, J, Halverson, NW, Hamada, T, Hasegawa, M, Hattori, K, Hattori, M, Hayes, L, Hazumi, M, Hidehira, N, Hill, CA, Hilton, G, Hubmayr, J, Ichiki, K, Iida, T, Imada, H, Inoue, M, Inoue, Y, Irwin, KD, Ishino, H, Jeong, O, Kanai, H, Kaneko, D, Katayama, N, Kawasaki, T, Kernasovskiy, SA, Keskitalo, R, Kibayashi, A, Kida, Y, Kimura, K, Kisner, T, Kohri, K, Komatsu, E, Komatsu, K, Kuo, CL, Kurinsky, NA, Kusaka, A, Lazarian, A, Lee, AT, Li, D, Linder, E, Maffei, B, Mangilli, A, Maki, M, Matsumura, T, Matsuura, S, Meilhan, D, Mima, S, Minami, Y, Mitsuda, K, Montier, L, Nagai, M, Nagasaki, T, Nagata, R, Nakajima, M, Nakamura, S, Namikawa, T, Naruse, M, Nishino, H, Nitta, T, Noguchi, T, Ogawa, H, Oguri, S, Okada, N, and Okamoto, A

Subjects
Physical Sciences, Classical Physics, Condensed Matter Physics, Cosmic microwave background radiation, Inflation, Satellite, Telescope, Mathematical Physics, General Physics, Classical physics, Condensed matter physics
Abstract

The high-frequency telescope for LiteBIRD is designed with refractive and reflective optics. In order to improve sensitivity, this paper suggests the new optical configurations of the HFT which have approximately 7 times larger focal planes than that of the original design. The sensitivities of both the designs are compared, and the requirement of anti-reflection (AR) coating on the lens for the refractive option is derived. We also present the simulation result of a sub-wavelength AR structure on both surfaces of silicon, which shows a band-averaged reflection of 1.1–3.2% at 101–448 GHz.

Published
2018

44. Practical survival analysis tools for heterogeneous cohorts and informative censoring

Author

Rowley, M., Garmo, H., Van Hemelrijck, M., Wulaningsih, W., Grundmark, B., Zethelius, B., Hammar, N., Walldius, G., Inoue, M., Holmberg, L., and Coolen, A. C. C.

Subjects
Statistics - Applications
Abstract

In heterogeneous cohorts and those where censoring by non-primary risks is informative many conventional survival analysis methods are not applicable; the proportional hazards assumption is usually violated at population level and the observed crude hazard rates are no longer estimators of what they would have been in the absence of other risks. In this paper, we develop a fully Bayesian survival analysis to determine the probabilistically optimal description of a heterogeneous cohort and we propose a novel means of recovering hazard rates and survival functions `decontaminated' of the effects of any competing risks. Most competing risks studies implicitly assume that risk correlations are induced by cohort or disease heterogeneity that is not captured by covariates. We additionally assume that proportional hazards hold at the level of individuals, for all risks, leading to a generic statistical description that allows us to decontaminate the effects of informative censoring, and from which Cox regression, frailty and random effects models, and latent class models can all be recovered as special cases. Synthetic data confirm that our approach can map a cohort's substructure, and remove heterogeneity-induced false protectivity and false aetiology effects. Application to survival data from the ULSAM cohort leads to plausible alternative explanations for previous counter-intuitive inferences to prostate cancer. The importance of managing cardiovascular disease as a comorbidity in women diagnosed with breast cancer is suggested on application to survival data from the AMORIS study., Comment: 23 pages, 8 figures

Published
2015

45. First 230 GHz VLBI Fringes on 3C 279 using the APEX Telescope

Author

Wagner, J., Roy, A. L., Krichbaum, T. P., Alef, W., Bansod, A., Bertarini, A., Güsten, R., Graham, D., Hodgson, J., Märtens, R., Menten, K., Muders, D., Rottmann, H., Tuccari, G., Weiss, A., Wieching, G., Wunderlich, M., Zensus, J. A., Araneda, J. P., Arriagada, O., Cantzler, M., Duran, C., Montenegro-Montes, F. M., Olivares, R., Caro, P., Bergman, P., Conway, J., Haas, R., Johansson, J., Lindqvist, M., Olofsson, H., Pantaleev, M., Buttaccio, S., Cappallo, R., Crew, G., Doeleman, S., Fish, V., Lu, R. -S., Ruszczyk, C., SooHoo, J., Titus, M., Freund, R., Marrone, D., Strittmatter, P., Ziurys, L., Blundell, R., Primiani, R., Weintroub, J., Young, K., Bremer, M., Sánchez, S., Marscher, A. P., Chilson, R., Asada, K., and Inoue, M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

We report about a 230 GHz very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) fringe finder observation of blazar 3C 279 with the APEX telescope in Chile, the phased submillimeter array (SMA), and the SMT of the Arizona Radio Observatory (ARO). We installed VLBI equipment and measured the APEX station position to 1 cm accuracy (1 sigma). We then observed 3C 279 on 2012 May 7 in a 5 hour 230 GHz VLBI track with baseline lengths of 2800 M$\lambda$ to 7200 M$\lambda$ and a finest fringe spacing of 28.6 micro-arcseconds. Fringes were detected on all baselines with SNRs of 12 to 55 in 420 s. The correlated flux density on the longest baseline was ~0.3 Jy/beam, out of a total flux density of 19.8 Jy. Visibility data suggest an emission region <38 uas in size, and at least two components, possibly polarized. We find a lower limit of the brightness temperature of the inner jet region of about 10^10 K. Lastly, we find an upper limit of 20% on the linear polarization fraction at a fringe spacing of ~38 uas. With APEX the angular resolution of 230 GHz VLBI improves to 28.6 uas. This allows one to resolve the last-photon ring around the Galactic Center black hole event horizon, expected to be 40 uas in diameter, and probe radio jet launching at unprecedented resolution, down to a few gravitational radii in galaxies like M 87. To probe the structure in the inner parsecs of 3C 279 in detail, follow-up observations with APEX and five other mm-VLBI stations have been conducted (March 2013) and are being analyzed., Comment: accepted for publication in A&A

Published
2015
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46. Measurement of Spin Correlation Coefficient $${\varvec{C}}_{{\varvec{y}},{\varvec{y}}}$$ for Proton-$$^{{\textbf {3}}}$$He Elastic Scattering

Author

Watanabe, A., primary, Nakai, S., additional, Sekiguchi, K., additional, Goto, S., additional, Hatanaka, K., additional, Hirai, Y., additional, Ino, T., additional, Inomoto, D., additional, Inoue, M., additional, Ishikawa, S., additional, Itoh, M., additional, Kanda, H., additional, Kasahara, H., additional, Maeda, Y., additional, Miki, K., additional, Nonaka, K., additional, Ong, H. J., additional, Oshiro, H., additional, Sakai, D., additional, Sakai, H., additional, Shibuya, S., additional, Tran, D. T., additional, Umetsu, H., additional, Utsuki, Y., additional, and Wakasa, T., additional

Published
2024
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47. LiteBIRD: Mission Overview and Focal Plane Layout

Author

Matsumura, T, Akiba, Y, Arnold, K, Borrill, J, Chendra, R, Chinone, Y, Cukierman, A, de Haan, T, Dobbs, M, Dominjon, A, Elleflot, T, Errard, J, Fujino, T, Fuke, H, Goeckner-wald, N, Halverson, N, Harvey, P, Hasegawa, M, Hattori, K, Hattori, M, Hazumi, M, Hill, C, Hilton, G, Holzapfel, W, Hori, Y, Hubmayr, J, Ichiki, K, Inatani, J, Inoue, M, Inoue, Y, Irie, F, Irwin, K, Ishino, H, Ishitsuka, H, Jeong, O, Karatsu, K, Kashima, S, Katayama, N, Kawano, I, Keating, B, Kibayashi, A, Kibe, Y, Kida, Y, Kimura, K, Kimura, N, Kohri, K, Komatsu, E, Kuo, CL, Kuromiya, S, Kusaka, A, Lee, A, Linder, E, Matsuhara, H, Matsuoka, S, Matsuura, S, Mima, S, Mitsuda, K, Mizukami, K, Morii, H, Morishima, T, Nagai, M, Nagasaki, T, Nagata, R, Nakajima, M, Nakamura, S, Namikawa, T, Naruse, M, Natsume, K, Nishibori, T, Nishijo, K, Nishino, H, Nitta, T, Noda, A, Noguchi, T, Ogawa, H, Oguri, S, Ohta, IS, Otani, C, Okada, N, Okamoto, A, Okamura, T, Rebeiz, G, Richards, P, Sakai, S, Sato, N, Sato, Y, Segawa, Y, Sekiguchi, S, Sekimoto, Y, Sekine, M, Seljak, U, Sherwin, B, Shinozaki, K, Shu, S, Stompor, R, Sugai, H, Sugita, H, Suzuki, T, and Suzuki, A

Subjects
Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, Inflation, CMB, Polarization, Primordial B-mode, TES bolometer, MKID, Satellite, Mathematical Physics, Classical Physics, Condensed Matter Physics, General Physics, Classical physics, Condensed matter physics
Abstract

LiteBIRD is a proposed CMB polarization satellite project to probe the inflationary B-mode signal. The satellite is designed to measure the tensor-to-scalar ratio with a 68 % confidence level uncertainty of σr< 10 - 3, including statistical, instrumental systematic, and foreground uncertainties. LiteBIRD will observe the full sky from the second Lagrange point for 3 years. We have a focal plane layout for observing frequency coverage that spans 40–402 GHz to characterize the galactic foregrounds. We have two detector candidates, transition-edge sensor bolometers and microwave kinetic inductance detectors. In both cases, a telecentric focal plane consists of approximately 2 × 10 3 superconducting detectors. We will present the mission overview of LiteBIRD, the project status, and the TES focal plane layout.

Published
2016

48. Bias corrections of GOSAT SWIR XCO2 and XCH4 with TCCON data and their evaluation using aircraft measurement data

Author

Inoue, M, Morino, I, Uchino, O, Nakatsuru, T, Yoshida, Y, Yokota, T, Wunch, D, Wennberg, PO, Roehl, CM, Griffith, DWT, Velazco, VA, Deutscher, NM, Warneke, T, Notholt, J, Robinson, J, Sherlock, V, Hase, F, Blumenstock, T, Rettinger, M, Sussmann, R, Kyrö, E, Kivi, R, Shiomi, K, Kawakami, S, De Mazière, M, Arnold, SG, Feist, DG, Barrow, EA, Barney, J, Dubey, M, Schneider, M, Iraci, LT, Podolske, JR, Hillyard, PW, Machida, T, Sawa, Y, Tsuboi, K, Matsueda, H, Sweeney, C, Tans, PP, Andrews, AE, Biraud, SC, Fukuyama, Y, Pittman, JV, Kort, EA, and Tanaka, T

Subjects
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences, Atmospheric Sciences
Abstract

We describe a method for removing systematic biases of column-averaged dry air mole fractions of CO2 (XCO2) and CH4 (XCH4) derived from short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) spectra of the Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT). We conduct correlation analyses between the GOSAT biases and simultaneously retrieved auxiliary parameters. We use these correlations to bias correct the GOSAT data, removing these spurious correlations. Data from the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) were used as reference values for this regression analysis. To evaluate the effectiveness of this correction method, the tnzuncorrected/corrected GOSAT data were compared to independent XCO2 and XCH4 data derived from aircraft measurements taken for the Comprehensive Observation Network for TRace gases by AIrLiner (CONTRAIL) project, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the US Department of Energy (DOE), the National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), the HIAPER Pole-to-Pole observations (HIPPO) program, and the GOSAT validation aircraft observation campaign over Japan. These comparisons demonstrate that the empirically derived bias correction improves the agreement between GOSAT XCO2/XCH4 and the aircraft data. Finally, we present spatial distributions and temporal variations of the derived GOSAT biases.

Published
2016

49. Greenland Telescope Project --- Direct Confirmation of Black Hole with Sub-millimeter VLBI

Author

Inoue, M., Algaba-Marcos, J. C., Asada, K., Chang, C. -C., Chen, M. -T., Han, J., Hirashita, H., Ho, P. T. P., Hsieh, S. -N., Huang, T., Jiang, H., Koch, P. M., Kubo, D. Y., Kuo, C. -Y., Liu, B., Martin-Cocher, P., Matsushita, S., Meyer-Zhao, Z., Nakamura, M., Nishioka, H., Nystrom, G., Pradel, N., Pu, H. -Y., Raffin, P. A., Shen, H. -Y., Snow, W., Srinivasan, R., Wei, T. -S., Blundell, R., Burgos, R., Grimes, P., Keto, E., Paine, S., Patel, N., Sridharan, T. K., Doeleman, S. S., Fish, V., Brisken, W., and Napier, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

A 12-m diameter radio telescope will be deployed to the Summit Station in Greenland to provide direct confirmation of a Super Massive Black Hole (SMBH) by observing its shadow image in the active galaxy M87. The telescope (Greenland Telescope: GLT) is to become one of the Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) stations at sub-millimeter (submm) regime, providing the longest baseline > 9,000 km to achieve an exceptional angular resolution of 20 micro arc sec at 350 GHz, which will enable us to resolve the shadow size of ~40 micro arc sec. The triangle with the longest baselines formed by the GLT, the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) in Chile, and the Submillimeter Array (SMA) in Hawaii will play a key role for the M87 observations. We have been working on the image simulations based on realistic conditions for a better understanding of the possible observed images. In parallel, retrofitting of the telescope and the site developments are in progress. Based on three years of opacity monitoring at 225 GHz, our measurements indicate that the site is excellent for submm observations, comparable to the ALMA site. The GLT is also expected to make single-dish observations up to 1.5 THz., Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures, accepted by Radio Science journal

Published
2014
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50. Long-term exposure to particulate matter and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in an analysis of multiple Asian cohorts

Author

Downward, G. S., Hystad, P., Tasmin, S., Abe, S. K., Saito, E., Rahman, M. S., Islam, M. R., Gupta, P. C., Sawada, N., Malekzadeh, R., You, S. L., Ahsan, H., Park, S. K., Pednekar, M. S., Tsugane, S., Etemadi, A., Chen, C. J., Shin, A., Chen, Y., Boffetta, P., Chia, K. S., Matsuo, K., Qiao, Y. L., Rothman, N., Zheng, W., Inoue, M., Kang, D., Lan, Q., Vermeulen, R. C.H., Downward, G. S., Hystad, P., Tasmin, S., Abe, S. K., Saito, E., Rahman, M. S., Islam, M. R., Gupta, P. C., Sawada, N., Malekzadeh, R., You, S. L., Ahsan, H., Park, S. K., Pednekar, M. S., Tsugane, S., Etemadi, A., Chen, C. J., Shin, A., Chen, Y., Boffetta, P., Chia, K. S., Matsuo, K., Qiao, Y. L., Rothman, N., Zheng, W., Inoue, M., Kang, D., Lan, Q., and Vermeulen, R. C.H.

Abstract

Background: Exposure to ambient air pollution is associated with a significant number of deaths. Much of the evidence associating air pollution with adverse effects is from North American and Europe, partially due to incomplete data in other regions limiting location specific examinations. The aim of the current paper is to leverage satellite derived air quality data to examine the relationship between ambient particulate matter and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in Asia. Methods: Six cohorts from the Asia Cohort Consortium provided residential information for participants, recruited between 1991 and 2008, across six countries (Bangladesh, India, Iran, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan). Ambient particulate material (PM2·5) levels for the year of enrolment (or 1998 if enrolled earlier) were assigned utilizing satellite and sensor-based maps. Cox proportional models were used to examine the association between ambient air pollution and all-cause and cause-specific mortality (all cancer, lung cancer, cardiovascular and lung disease). Models were additionally adjusted for urbanicity (representing urban and built characteristics) and stratified by smoking status in secondary analyses. Country-specific findings were pooled via random-effects meta-analysis. Findings: More than 300,000 participants across six cohorts were included, representing more than 4-million-person years. A positive relationship was observed between a 5 µg/m (Dockery et al., 1993) increase in PM2·5 and cardiovascular mortality (HR: 1·06, 95 % CI: 0.99, 1·13). The additional adjustment for urbanicity resulted in increased associations between PM2.5 and mortality outcomes, including all-cause mortality (1·04, 95 % CI: 0·97, 1·11). Results were generally similar regardless of whether one was a current, never, or ex-smoker. Interpretation: Using satellite and remote sensing technology we showed that associations between PM2.5 and all-cause and cause-spe

Published
2024

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