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489 results on '"Hughes, Alice C."'

1. DNA-based studies and genetic diversity indicator assessments are complementary approaches to conserving evolutionary potential

Author

Hoban, Sean, Paz-Vinas, Ivan, Shaw, Robyn E., Castillo-Reina, Luis, Silva, Jessica M. D. A., DeWoody, J. Andrew, Ekblom, Robert, Fedorca, Ancuta, Forester, Brenna R., Funk, W. Chris, Geue, Julia C., Heuertz, Myriam, Hollingsworth, Peter M., Hughes, Alice C., Hunter, Margaret E., Hvilsom, Christina, Ishihama, Fumiko, Jordan, Rebecca, Kalamujić Stroil, Belma, Kershaw, Francine, Khoury, Colin K., Köppä, Viktoria, Laikre, Linda, Macdonald, Anna J., Mastretta-Yanes, Alicia, Meek, Mariah H., Mergeay, Joachim, Millette, Katie L., O’Brien, David, Rincón-Parra, Victor J., Rodríguez-Morales, M. Alejandra, Schuman, Meredith C., Segelbacher, Gernot, Sunnucks, Paul, Taylor, Rebecca S., Thurfjell, Henrik, Vernesi, Cristiano, and Grueber, Catherine E.

Published
2024
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4. A global biodiversity observing system to unite monitoring and guide action

Author

Gonzalez, Andrew, Vihervaara, Petteri, Balvanera, Patricia, Bates, Amanda E., Bayraktarov, Elisa, Bellingham, Peter J., Bruder, Andreas, Campbell, Jillian, Catchen, Michael D., Cavender-Bares, Jeannine, Chase, Jonathan, Coops, Nicholas, Costello, Mark J., Czúcz, Bálint, Delavaud, Aurélie, Dornelas, Maria, Dubois, Grégoire, Duffy, Emmett J., Eggermont, Hilde, Fernandez, Miguel, Fernandez, Nestor, Ferrier, Simon, Geller, Gary N., Gill, Michael, Gravel, Dominique, Guerra, Carlos A., Guralnick, Robert, Harfoot, Michael, Hirsch, Tim, Hoban, Sean, Hughes, Alice C., Hugo, Wim, Hunter, Margaret E., Isbell, Forest, Jetz, Walter, Juergens, Norbert, Kissling, W. Daniel, Krug, Cornelia B., Kullberg, Peter, Le Bras, Yvan, Leung, Brian, Londoño-Murcia, Maria Cecilia, Lord, Jean-Michel, Loreau, Michel, Luers, Amy, Ma, Keping, MacDonald, Anna J., Maes, Joachim, McGeoch, Melodie, Mihoub, Jean Baptiste, Millette, Katie L., Molnar, Zsolt, Montes, Enrique, Mori, Akira S., Muller-Karger, Frank E., Muraoka, Hiroyuki, Nakaoka, Masahiro, Navarro, Laetitia, Newbold, Tim, Niamir, Aidin, Obura, David, O’Connor, Mary, Paganini, Marc, Pelletier, Dominique, Pereira, Henrique, Poisot, Timothée, Pollock, Laura J., Purvis, Andy, Radulovici, Adriana, Rocchini, Duccio, Roeoesli, Claudia, Schaepman, Michael, Schaepman-Strub, Gabriela, Schmeller, Dirk S., Schmiedel, Ute, Schneider, Fabian D., Shakya, Mangal Man, Skidmore, Andrew, Skowno, Andrew L., Takeuchi, Yayioi, Tuanmu, Mao-Ning, Turak, Eren, Turner, Woody, Urban, Mark C., Urbina-Cardona, Nicolás, Valbuena, Ruben, Van de Putte, Anton, van Havre, Basile, Wingate, Vladimir Ruslan, Wright, Elaine, and Torrelio, Carlos Zambrana

Published
2023
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11. A globally synthesised and flagged bee occurrence dataset and cleaning workflow

Author

Dorey, James B., Fischer, Erica E., Chesshire, Paige R., Nava-Bolaños, Angela, O’Reilly, Robert L., Bossert, Silas, Collins, Shannon M., Lichtenberg, Elinor M., Tucker, Erika M., Smith-Pardo, Allan, Falcon-Brindis, Armando, Guevara, Diego A., Ribeiro, Bruno, de Pedro, Diego, Pickering, John, Hung, Keng-Lou James, Parys, Katherine A., McCabe, Lindsie M., Rogan, Matthew S., Minckley, Robert L., Velazco, Santiago J. E., Griswold, Terry, Zarrillo, Tracy A., Jetz, Walter, Sica, Yanina V., Orr, Michael C., Guzman, Laura Melissa, Ascher, John S., Hughes, Alice C., and Cobb, Neil S.

Published
2023
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13. A horizon scan of global biological conservation issues for 2024

Author

Sutherland, William J., Bennett, Craig, Brotherton, Peter N.M., Butchart, Stuart H.M., Butterworth, Holly M., Clarke, Stewart J., Esmail, Nafeesa, Fleishman, Erica, Gaston, Kevin J., Herbert-Read, James E., Hughes, Alice C., James, Jennifer, Kaartokallio, Hermanni, Le Roux, Xavier, Lickorish, Fiona A., Newport, Sarah, Palardy, James E., Pearce-Higgins, James W., Peck, Lloyd S., Pettorelli, Nathalie, Primack, Richard B., Primack, Willow E., Schloss, Irene R., Spalding, Mark D., ten Brink, Dirk, Tew, Eleanor, Timoshyna, Anastasiya, Tubbs, Nicolas, Watson, James E.M., Wentworth, Jonathan, Wilson, Jeremy D., and Thornton, Ann

Published
2024
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17. Author Correction: A global biodiversity observing system to unite monitoring and guide action

Author

Gonzalez, Andrew, Vihervaara, Petteri, Balvanera, Patricia, Bates, Amanda E., Bayraktarov, Elisa, Bellingham, Peter J., Bruder, Andreas, Campbell, Jillian, Catchen, Michael D., Cavender-Bares, Jeannine, Chase, Jonathan, Coops, Nicholas, Costello, Mark J., Czúcz, Bálint, Delavaud, Aurélie, Dornelas, Maria, Dubois, Grégoire, Duffy, Emmett J., Eggermont, Hilde, Fernandez, Miguel, Fernandez, Nestor, Ferrier, Simon, Geller, Gary N., Gill, Michael, Gravel, Dominique, Guerra, Carlos A., Guralnick, Robert, Harfoot, Michael, Hirsch, Tim, Hoban, Sean, Hughes, Alice C., Hugo, Wim, Hunter, Margaret E., Isbell, Forest, Jetz, Walter, Juergens, Norbert, Kissling, W. Daniel, Krug, Cornelia B., Kullberg, Peter, Le Bras, Yvan, Leung, Brian, Londoño-Murcia, Maria Cecilia, Lord, Jean-Michel, Loreau, Michel, Luers, Amy, Ma, Keping, MacDonald, Anna J., Maes, Joachim, McGeoch, Melodie, Mihoub, Jean Baptiste, Millette, Katie L., Molnar, Zsolt, Montes, Enrique, Mori, Akira S., Muller-Karger, Frank E., Muraoka, Hiroyuki, Nakaoka, Masahiro, Navarro, Laetitia, Newbold, Tim, Niamir, Aidin, Obura, David, O’Connor, Mary, Paganini, Marc, Pelletier, Dominique, Pereira, Henrique, Poisot, Timothée, Pollock, Laura J., Purvis, Andy, Radulovici, Adriana, Rocchini, Duccio, Roeoesli, Claudia, Schaepman, Michael, Schaepman-Strub, Gabriela, Schmeller, Dirk S., Schmiedel, Ute, Schneider, Fabian D., Shakya, Mangal Man, Skidmore, Andrew, Skowno, Andrew L., Takeuchi, Yayioi, Tuanmu, Mao-Ning, Turak, Eren, Turner, Woody, Urban, Mark C., Urbina-Cardona, Nicolás, Valbuena, Ruben, Van de Putte, Anton, van Havre, Basile, Wingate, Vladimir Ruslan, Wright, Elaine, and Torrelio, Carlos Zambrana

Published
2023
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19. Smaller human populations are still not a necessary condition for biodiversity conservation: A response to Cafaro et al. (2023)

Author

Hughes, Alice C., Tougeron, Kévin, Martin, Dominic A., Menga, Filippo, Rosado, Bruno H.P., Villasante, Sebastian, Madgulkar, Shweta, Gonçalves, Fernando, Diele-Viegas, Luisa Maria, Colla, Sheila R., de Andrade Kamimura, Vitor, Caggiano, Holly, Melo, Felipe, de Oliveira Dias, Marcelo Guilherme, Kellner, Elke, and do Couto, Edivando Vitor

Published
2023
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24. The Progressive Co-evolutionary Development of the Pan-Tibetan Highlands, the Asian Monsoon system and Asian Biodiversity

Author

Spicer, Robert A., primary, Farnsworth, Alex, additional, Su, Tao, additional, Ding, Lin, additional, Witkowski, Caitlyn R., additional, Li, Shu-Feng, additional, Xiong, Zhongyu, additional, Zhou, Zhekun, additional, Li, Shihu, additional, Hughes, Alice C., additional, Valdes, Paul J., additional, Widdowson, Mike, additional, Zhang, Xinwen, additional, He, Songlin, additional, Liu, Jia, additional, Huang, Jian, additional, Herman, Alexei B., additional, Xu, Qiang, additional, Liu, Xiaoyan, additional, Jin, Jianhua, additional, Pancost, Richard D., additional, Lunt, Daniel J., additional, and Zhang, Shitao, additional

Published
2024
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30. A horizon scan of global biological conservation issues for 2022

Author

Sutherland, William J., Atkinson, Philip W., Butchart, Stuart H.M., Capaja, Marcela, Dicks, Lynn V., Fleishman, Erica, Gaston, Kevin J., Hails, Rosemary S., Hughes, Alice C., Le Anstey, Becky, Le Roux, Xavier, Lickorish, Fiona A., Maggs, Luke, Noor, Noor, Oldfield, Thomasina E.E., Palardy, James E., Peck, Lloyd S., Pettorelli, Nathalie, Pretty, Jules, Spalding, Mark D., Tonneijck, Femke H., Truelove, Gemma, Watson, James E.M., Wentworth, Jonathan, Wilson, Jeremy D., and Thornton, Ann

Published
2022
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31. Measuring metrics: what diversity indicators are most appropriate for different forms of data bias?

Author

Qiao, Huijie, Orr, Michael C., and Hughes, Alice C.

Subjects
BIRD diversity, STANDARDIZED tests, VIRTUAL reality, CITIZEN science, MACROECOLOGY
Abstract

Biodiversity metrics have become a ubiquitous component of conservation assessments across scales. However, whilst indices have become increasingly widely used, their ability to perform in the face of different biases has remained largely untested under realistic conditions. Citizen science data are increasingly available, but present new challenges and biases, thus understanding how to use them effectively is essential. Here, we built a virtual world incorporating BirdLife data and accounting for their biases, then explored how well commonly‐used diversity metrics could estimate known values across a suite of representative scenarios. We used predictive modelling to model bird diversity globally and overcome biases using the approaches found most accurate in prior assessments. Performance was highly variable across the different types of biases, but in many instances Simpson's index performed best, followed by Hill numbers, whereas Pielou's index was almost universally worst. From standardised tests, we then applied these metrics to eBird data using 611 520 112 samples of 10 359 species of bird (around 88% of known species), to reconstruct global diversity patterns at five and ten km resolutions. However, when we mapped out diversity using Maxent based on these indices, Simpson's index generally over‐predicted diversity, whereas Hill numbers were more conservative. Based on an average of the better projected indices, one can map out diversity across resolutions and overcome biases accurately predicting diversity patterns even for data‐poor areas, but if a single metric is used, Hill numbers are most robust to bias. Going forward, this workflow will enable standardized best practices for diversity mapping based on a clear understanding of the performance of different metrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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32. Big data, big problems? How to circumvent problems in biodiversity mapping and ensure meaningful results.

Author

Hughes, Alice C., Dorey, James B., Bossert, Silas, Qiao, Huijie, and Orr, Michael C.

Subjects
*SPECIES distribution, *ENVIRONMENTAL degradation, *PROTECTED areas, *BIG data, *BEST practices
Abstract

Our knowledge of biodiversity hinges on sufficient data, reliable methods, and realistic models. Without an accurate assessment of species distributions, we cannot effectively target and stem biodiversity loss. Species range maps are the foundation of such efforts, but countless studies have failed to account for the most basic assumptions of reliable species mapping practices, undermining the credibility of their results and potentially misleading and hindering conservation and management efforts. Here, we use examples from the recent literature and broader conservation community to highlight the substantial shortfalls in current practices and their consequences for both analyses and conservation management. We detail how different decisions on data filtering impact the outcomes of analysis and provide practical recommendations and steps for more reliable analysis, whilst understanding the limits of what available data will reliably allow and what methods are most appropriate. Whilst perfect analyses are not possible for many taxa given limited data, and biases, ensuring we use data within reasonable limits and understanding inherent assumptions is crucial to ensure appropriate use. By embracing and enacting such best practices, we can ensure both the accuracy and improved comparability of biodiversity analyses going forward, ultimately enhancing our ability to use data to facilitate our protection of the natural world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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33. Spatial patterns and drivers of native plant diversity in Hainan, China.

Author

Wang, Guo‐Qing, Scherson, Rosa A., Vera, Diego, Bai, Yun‐Hao, Wen, Jun, Guo, Lin‐Yuan, Hughes, Alice C., and Wang, Hua‐Feng

Subjects
PLANT diversity, NATIVE plants, SPECIES diversity, TROPICAL forests, MOLECULAR phylogeny, PLANT protection
Abstract

Hainan Island has the most extensive and well‐preserved tropical forests in China. With rapid economic development of Hainan, biodiversity is increasingly at risk. Determining the spatial patterns of plant diversity in Hainan and explaining the drivers behind plant diversity are important considerations in assessing and maximizing the effectiveness of national parks, such as the newly designated Hainan Rainforest National Park. We assessed phylogenetic diversity patterns, and species richness using 106,252 georeferenced specimen records and a molecular phylogeny of 3,792 native plant species. Based on phylogenetic range‐weighted turnover metrics, we divided Hainan flora into four major floristic units. The Grade of Membership model was used to further verify the four units, and to understand their boundaries and the internal structure of each floristic unit. Finally, the best combination model was used to explore the driving mechanisms underlying the division. Our results reveal that central Hainan is the most important hotspot for plant endemism and diversity, followed by the southern area. Environmental energy is the main factor determining the spatial patterns of native plant diversity on the island, and accessibility has the greatest impact on native plant diversity among social factors. We explore patterns of spatial phylogenetics and biogeography to identify potential priorities for management and conservation drivers of plant diversity patterns across Hainan, to provide the basis for the effective protection of native plant diversity and the improvement of national parks of Hainan Island. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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34. Patterns and Drivers of Bumblebee Diversity in Gansu.

Author

Naeem, Muhammad, Chen, Huanhuan, Li, Wenbo, Hughes, Alice C., Williams, Paul H., Bashir, Nawaz Haider, Miao, Zhengying, Huang, Jiaxing, and An, Jiandong

Subjects
LIFE zones, SEASONAL temperature variations, VAPOR pressure, WATER pressure, GRID cells
Abstract

Simple Summary: Bumblebee species are crucial pollinators for both crops and natural ecosystems. Managing diversity and securing the services they provide requires sufficient data to manage these systems effectively. In this study, seventeen environmental factors were selected to understand their contribution to shaping species assemblages and to provide baseline information for understanding drivers of community assembly. The study focused on Gansu Province because it has some of the highest richness of bumblebees within China, and China represents a major data gap for bee distribution data. Net primary productivity followed by water vapor pressure were top-ranked drivers of species distributions. The results enhance our understanding of the importance of environmental factors in shaping bumblebee community assemblages. Understanding the influence of factors responsible for shaping community assemblage is crucial for biodiversity management and conservation. Gansu is one of the richest regions for bumblebee species in the world. We explored the distribution data of 52 bumblebee species collected in Gansu and its surroundings between 2002 and 2022, predicting habitat suitability based on 17 environmental variables using MaxEnt. The factors influencing community assemblage were assessed using canonical correspondence analysis. Net primary productivity, water vapor pressure, temperature seasonality, annual precipitation, and precipitation seasonality were some of the most influential drivers of species distributions. Based on Ward's agglomerative cluster analysis, four biogeographic zones are described: the Southern humid zone, the Western Qilian snow mountain zone, the Eastern Loess plateau zone, and the Western dry mountain zone. In the clusters of grid cells based on beta diversity values, the Southern humid zone comprised 42.5% of the grid cells, followed by the Eastern Loess plateau zone (32.5%), the Western dry mountain zone (20%), and the Western Qilian snow mountain zone (5%). Almost all the environmental factors showed a significant contribution to the assemblages of bumblebees of different groups. Our findings highlight the need for better data to understand species biogeography and diversity patterns, and they provide key baseline data for refining conservation strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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35. Ambio fit for the 2020s

Author

Andersson, Erik, Boonstra, Wiebren J., de la Torre Castro, Maricela, Hughes, Alice C., Ilstedt, Ulrik, Jernelöv, Arne, Jonsson, Bengt-Gunnar, Kalantari, Zahra, Keskitalo, Carina, Kritzberg, Emma, Kätterer, Thomas, McNeely, Jeffrey A., Mohr, Claudia, Mustonen, Tero, Ostwald, Madelene, Reyes-Garcia, Victoria, Rusch, Graciela M., Sanderson Bellamy, Angelina, Stage, Jesper, Tedengren, Michael, Thomas, David N., Wulff, Angela, and Söderström, Bo

Published
2022
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36. A solution scan of societal options to reduce transmission and spread of respiratory viruses: SARS-CoV-2 as a case study

Author

Sutherland, William J., Taylor, Nigel G., Aldridge, David C., Martin, Philip, Rhodes, Catherine, Shackelford, Gorm, Beard, Simon, Belfield, Haydn, Bladon, Andrew J., Brick, Cameron, Christie, Alec P., Dobson, Andrew P., Downey, Harriet, Hood, Amelia S.C., Hua, Fangyuan, Hughes, Alice C., Jarvis, Rebecca M., MacFarlane, Douglas, Morgan, William H., Mupepele, Anne-Christine, Marciniak, Stefan J., Nelson, Cassidy, Ó hÉigeartaigh, Seán, Rios Rojas, Clarissa, Sainsbury, Katherine A., Smith, Rebecca K., Sundaram, Lalitha S., Thornton, Ann, Watkins, John, White, Thomas B., Willott, Kate, and Petrovan, Silviu O.

Published
2021
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45. On the origin of SARS-CoV-2—The blind watchmaker argument

Author

Wu, Chung-I, Wen, Haijun, Lu, Jian, Su, Xiao-dong, Hughes, Alice C., Zhai, Weiwei, Chen, Chen, Chen, Hua, Li, Mingkun, Song, Shuhui, Qian, Zhaohui, Wang, Qihui, Chen, Bingjie, Guo, Zixiao, Ruan, Yongsen, Lu, Xuemei, Wei, Fuwen, Jin, Li, Kang, Le, Xue, Yongbiao, Zhao, Guoping, and Zhang, Ya-Ping

Published
2021
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46. A 2021 Horizon Scan of Emerging Global Biological Conservation Issues

Author

Sutherland, William J., Atkinson, Philip W., Broad, Steven, Brown, Sam, Clout, Mick, Dias, Maria P., Dicks, Lynn V., Doran, Helen, Fleishman, Erica, Garratt, Elizabeth L., Gaston, Kevin J., Hughes, Alice C., Le Roux, Xavier, Lickorish, Fiona A., Maggs, Luke, Palardy, James E., Peck, Lloyd S., Pettorelli, Nathalie, Pretty, Jules, Spalding, Mark D., Tonneijck, Femke H., Walpole, Matt, Watson, James E.M., Wentworth, Jonathan, and Thornton, Ann

Published
2021
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48. Impact of aridity rise and arid lands expansion on carbon‐storing capacity, biodiversity loss, and ecosystem services.

Author

Tariq, Akash, Sardans, Jordi, Zeng, Fanjiang, Graciano, Corina, Hughes, Alice C., Farré‐Armengol, Gerard, and Peñuelas, Josep

Subjects
ENVIRONMENTAL degradation, CLIMATE feedbacks, DEVELOPING countries, BIOLOGICAL extinction, ECOSYSTEMS, SURFACE of the earth, DROUGHTS, ECOSYSTEM services, ARID regions
Abstract

Drylands, comprising semi‐arid, arid, and hyperarid regions, cover approximately 41% of the Earth's land surface and have expanded considerably in recent decades. Even under more optimistic scenarios, such as limiting global temperature rise to 1.5°C by 2100, semi‐arid lands may increase by up to 38%. This study provides an overview of the state‐of‐the‐art regarding changing aridity in arid regions, with a specific focus on its effects on the accumulation and availability of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) in plant–soil systems. Additionally, we summarized the impacts of rising aridity on biodiversity, service provisioning, and feedback effects on climate change across scales. The expansion of arid ecosystems is linked to a decline in C and nutrient stocks, plant community biomass and diversity, thereby diminishing the capacity for recovery and maintaining adequate water‐use efficiency by plants and microbes. Prolonged drought led to a −3.3% reduction in soil organic carbon (SOC) content (based on 148 drought‐manipulation studies), a −8.7% decrease in plant litter input, a −13.0% decline in absolute litter decomposition, and a −5.7% decrease in litter decomposition rate. Moreover, a substantial positive feedback loop with global warming exists, primarily due to increased albedo. The loss of critical ecosystem services, including food production capacity and water resources, poses a severe challenge to the inhabitants of these regions. Increased aridity reduces SOC, nutrient, and water content. Aridity expansion and intensification exacerbate socio‐economic disparities between economically rich and least developed countries, with significant opportunities for improvement through substantial investments in infrastructure and technology. By 2100, half the world's landmass may become dryland, characterized by severe conditions marked by limited C, N, and P resources, water scarcity, and substantial loss of native species biodiversity. These conditions pose formidable challenges for maintaining essential services, impacting human well‐being and raising complex global and regional socio‐political challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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49. Horizon Scan of the Belt and Road Initiative

Author

Hughes, Alice C., Lechner, Alex M., Chitov, Alexander, Horstmann, Alexander, Hinsley, Amy, Tritto, Angela, Chariton, Anthony, Li, Binbin V., Ganapin, Delfin, Simonov, Eugene, Morton, Katherine, Toktomushev, Kemel, Foggin, Marc, Tan-Mullins, May, Orr, Michael C., Griffiths, Richard, Nash, Richard, Perkin, Scott, Glémet, Raphaël, Kim, Minsun, and Yu, Douglas W.

Published
2020
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