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The traditional generation right transaction ledger has disadvantages such as high operation and maintenance costs, non-public transactions, and insecure information storage, as well as long subsidy accounting cycle and low subsidy issuing efficiency, which is not conducive to users' simultaneous distributed energy transactions and demand response operations. Blockchain technology has the characteristics of decentralization, strong traceability and high transaction transparency. Using Blockchain technology can reduce the pressure of audit, supervision, data maintenance and other aspects of energy transactions. Traditional single consensus chain is not enough to support complex transactions of multi-business energy block chain. Therefore, this paper proposes the application of combined block chain to improve and innovate user transaction mode, so as to fit the transaction scenario of client-side distributed energy.

As the types and scenarios of customer-side flexible resources interactive operation become more and more abundant, flexible resources put forward higher requirements for the quality of information interaction. In this paper, firstly, starting from the diversified business that supports flexible resource interaction, we study and analyze the customer-side flexible resource interaction requirements and interaction content, and then design information interaction models and mechanisms oriented to multiple business characteristics and priorities. finally, we introduce relevant algorithms into the proposed model to improve the quality of information interaction. Simulation results show that the method proposed in this paper can effectively improve the interaction quality of flexible resources.

The participation of demand side resources in the distributed trading market has become an important means for countries in the world to alleviate the pressure of supply and demand during peak hours. How to make full use of the time-varying price signals in the spot market and effectively tap the demand side response potential of customers has become the key issue of the key marketing strategy research for power sales companies. Firstly, this paper constructs distributed transaction models to clarify the transaction characteristics of both parties; Then, the cost model of adjustable load participating in distributed trading market is constructed with the objective of minimizing the cost of power consumption and the cost of satisfaction reduction caused by participating in demand response regulation, and the corresponding constraints are set; Finally, based on blockchain technology and smart contract system, the optimal strategy of adjustable load participating in distributed trading market is solved. Case simulation results show that the proposed strategy can effectively achieve the goal of load reduction on the grid side, and stimulate the willingness of users to participate in demand response, which has a certain practical significance.

The load fluctuation of large electricity consumers is large and the planning is easy. It is a good object of demand response program. To analyze the demand response potential of large electricity consumers, this paper develops the load response model of large electricity consumers under time-of-use electricity price. In addition, this paper finds that under the reasonable demand response program, with the increase of consumer participation rate, power system will have better performance on peak load shaving and valley filling. In order to further analyze the potential of large consumers to participate in the demand response program, this paper introduces three evaluation indexes: demand response ability, demand response speed and peak load reduction rate. Finally, the changes of comprehensive demand response potential of consumers under different peak valley ratios and different elastic coefficients. The results can provide certain reference for related research.

As a flexible and adjustable load, when its scale reaches a certain degree, is bound to become a considerable demand response resource in power grid operation. It is of great significance to bring it into power grid dispatching operation through demand response. In this paper, a thermal dynamic model of transient heat balance relation of electric heating is constructed, and an evaluation method of adjustable capacity of household electric heating load based on temperature prediction is proposed to evaluate the adjustable capacity of user electric heating load. A uniform clustering model of electric heating load parameters was established and its potential of regulating electric heating load clusters is analyzed. The results show that when the upper limit of the demand response temperature range is 22℃, the smaller the temperature value of negative regulation is, the larger the heat storage energy of cluster electric heating is, and the more significant the peak clipping effect of demand response is.

With the rapid development of smart community technologies, how to improve user comfort levels and make full use of renewable energy have become urgent problems. This paper proposes an optimization algorithm to minimize daily energy costs while considering user comfort level and renewable energy consumption rate. In this paper, the structure of a typical smart community and the output models of all components installed in the community are introduced first. Then, the characteristics of different types of loads are analyzed, followed by defining the coefficients of user comfort level. In this step, the influence of load-scheduling on user comfort level and the renewable energy consumption rate is emphasized. Finally, based on the time-of-use gas price, this paper optimizes the daily energy costs for an off-grid community under the constraints of the comfort level and renewable energy consumption rate. Results show that scheduling transferable loads and interruptible loads are not independent to each other, and improving user comfort level requires spending more money as compensation. Moreover, fully consuming renewable energy has side effects on energy bills and battery lifetime. It is more conducive to system economy and stability if the maximum renewable energy consumption rate is restricted to 95%.

In order to promote VLC become an appealing indoor wireless broadband access, VLC needs a ubiquitous network as its backbone to avoid becoming an information isolated island. Therefore, a novel and cost- effective framework of ubiquitous indoor broadband access based on deeply integrated VLC and PLC technology is proposed. The broadband access network supports two-way transmission through each LED using the decode-and-forward (DF) working mode. It is implemented at low cost by revising existing power facilities. Furthermore the duplex voice communication network prototype is built based on hybrid PLC-VLC structures in the laboratory. The experimental test results show that the system can support two-way broadband communication services, including voice, video and high speed data transmission up to 5Mbps in the case of the photodiode (PD) as a receiver. It can meet the high requirements of QoS (Quality of Service). The way provides an important means to solve the "last mile" communication, the increasing scarce spectrum resources and the growing demand for high speed communication.

With the rapid development of wind power, its scale and level have been greatly improved. How to increase power grid's accommodation capability of wind power has been the prominent problem increasingly. A kind of distributed power load adjusting system based on cloud platform is put forward from the point of smart grid's operation. The system consists of cloud terminal, cloud server and App client part. The cloud terminal's connections and control mode and control strategy of cloud server are designed and researched. If the system is used in a Power Grid Corp, the demand of 700MW is increased by controlling the air-conditioning and electric water heater with the cloud terminal. The simulation results show that the Power Grid Corporation's accommodation capability of wind power increase 2.16%. The application if this system is not only convenient for the user to control electric equipment and save electricity, but also provides the solutions for peak load shifting and wind power accommodation. Fatherly it provides new measures for the development of energy saving and emission reduction.