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12,987 results on '"Garba A"'

1. An estimation of temperature in living tissue using a fractional model with sinusoidal heat flux conditions on the skin surface

Author

Dauda Gulibur Yakubu, Samaila Markus, Laminu Dahiru, Isah Abdullahi, Garba Adamu Tahiru, and Mohammed Abdulhameed

Subjects
35K05, 80A20, 90C32, 93A30, Science
Abstract

An accurate and quantitative description of the thermal responses of skin tissue under sinusoidal heat flux conditions on the skin surface is provided in this study using a fractional model of the bioheat transfer equation. The governing fractional one-dimensional bio-heat transfer equation was transformed into a dimensionless form to get closed solution by the Caputo-Fabrizio time-fractional derivative technique. The proposed technique, with the aid of symbolic computation, provides an impressive solution for the bioheat transfer equation. Numerical simulations were performed with the aid of Mathcad software to study the behavior of temperature transients on the skin surface exposed to instantaneous surface heating. To investigate the thermal impacts of various control factors on tissue temperature, sensitivity analysis is carried out. We found that the effects of the fractional derivative and the moving heat source velocity on the temperature of the tissue and thermal injuries are enormous, and are shown graphically for an explicit and detail discussion. Observations from the graphical representation of results, show clearly that increasing pressure term leads to increase in velocity distribution of temperature and the effect is maximum towards the center in most cases. The study reveals that bio-thermal research can help with skin burn evaluation, clinical thermal treatment equipment design, and thermal protection from various risks of skin heat injuries. In conclusion, the results of this investigation will be very helpful and useful to both clinical-therapeutic applications and medical sciences.

Published
2023
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2. Physical Fitness and Its Associated Factors Among Children and Teenagers in Urban and Semi-Urban Settings in Two Localities of the Littoral Province, Cameroon

Author

Nidelle Douanla Dasse, Garba Ahmadou, Jerson Mekoulou Ndongo, Elysée Claude Bika Lele, Wiliam Richard Guessogo, Clarisse Noel Ayina Ayina, Abdou Temfemo, Bienvenu Bongue, Samuel Honoré Mandengue, and Peguy Brice Assomo Ndemba

Subjects
physical fitness, schoolchildren, urban, rural, cameroon, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Background: Physical fitness in Cameroonian students has been assessed previously, but most have focused on urban areas. This study aimed to objectively evaluate two components of physical fitness and factors associated with it among urban and semiurban secondary school students in two municipalities in the Littoral province, Cameroon.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between January and April 2021 in three randomly selected secondary schools in the Littoral Province. The study included 459 students aged 10 to 15 years, comprising 252 students from urban areas (UA) and 207 from semi-urban areas (SUA). Each student’s height, weight, and blood pressure were assessed, and two field tests (20-m shuttle test and 4x10-m test) were performed to estimate maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and measure agility. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis.Results: The overall prevalence of overweight/obesity was 21.4%, with a higher prevalence of overweight/obesity among boys in semi-urban areas and an equal prevalence of overweight among urban and semi-urban girls. SUA students performed significantly better in the speed test (4x10-m) and VO2max (P

Published
2023
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3. Baseline chest radiographic findings among HIV positive adults in a poor resource economy

Author

Faruk Kabir Umar, Sule Ahmed Saidu, Sadisu Ma'aji, Muhammad Danfulani, Garba Haruna Yunusa, Ibrahim Haruna Gele, Akininibosun Raji Hafsat, Garba A Joshua, Halimat Hassan Amin, and Yahaya Mohammed

Subjects
chest radiographic findings, hiv, adult, Medicine
Abstract

Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection has been known to pose one of the most formidable challenges to progress and development. It is a public health burden associated with high morbidity. Chest radiograph is an important tool in manifesting some of the findings associated with HIV. Aims and Objectives: To determine the baseline chest radiographic findings among HIV positive adults in a poor resource economy. Materials and Methods: 140 Newly diagnosed adult HIV positive, HAART naïve, participants were recruited in the Radiology Department of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital (UDUTH) Sokoto and had their chest radiograph done using Silhoutte VR System GE diagnostic x-ray equipment. The processed radiographs were viewed using an illuminated viewing box and then reported by the investigator and cross-checked by another consultant Radiologist. Data collated was analysed using SPSS version 23. Results: The study showed female to male ratio of 2.2: 1. Normal chest radiographic finding was found in 67(47.9%) participants. Pulmonary consolidation 32 (22.9%) constituted the highest abnormal chest finding. The least of the abnormal radiographic findings were emphysematous bullae 1(0.7%) and plate atelectasis 1(0.7%). Majority of the lesions were in the upper zone, 43(30.7%) and on the right side. Conclusion: The study provides baseline data on the chest radiographic patterns among the HAART naïve HIV positive adult patients in a poor resource economy.

Published
2021
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4. Quantity vs. Quality of Monolingual Source Data in Automatic Text Translation: Can It Be Too Little If It Is Too Good?

Author

Abdulmumin, Idris, Galadanci, Bashir Shehu, Aliyu, Garba, and Muhammad, Shamsuddeen Hassan

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language
Abstract

Monolingual data, being readily available in large quantities, has been used to upscale the scarcely available parallel data to train better models for automatic translation. Self-learning, where a model is made to learn from its output, is one approach to exploit such data. However, it has been shown that too much of this data can be detrimental to the performance of the model if the available parallel data is comparatively extremely low. In this study, we investigate whether the monolingual data can also be too little and if this reduction, based on quality, has any effect on the performance of the translation model. Experiments have shown that on English-German low-resource NMT, it is often better to select only the most useful additional data, based on quality or closeness to the domain of the test data, than utilizing all of the available data.

Published
2024
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7. Temperature-induced changes in optical properties of cubic CH$_3$NH$_3$SnI$_3$ using phonopy-FHI-aims

Author

Abdulsalam, Hassan, Lariski, Fatima Musa, Ahmad, Habiba Garba, and Shuwa, Hassana Muhammad

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Physics - Applied Physics
Abstract

This research explores how temperature influences the optical characteristics of Cubic Methylammonium Tin Iodide (CH$_3$NH$_3$SnI$_3$), a material showing great promise for solar cell technology. The variations in the optical absorption coefficient, refractive index, extinction coefficient, reflectivity, and optical conductivity was examined over a range of temperatures and crystallographic orientations ([100], [010], [001]). The findings indicate that as temperature rises, there is a general decrease observed in the absorption coefficient, refractive index, extinction coefficient, and optical conductivity. Similarly, reflectivity also tends to decrease with increasing temperature. These findings suggest that Cubic CH$_3$NH$_3$SnI$_3$ exhibits consistent transparency, a stable refractive index, and relatively high reflectivity across different temperature conditions. Its low optical conductivity, typical of semiconductor materials, indicates its suitability for facilitating efficient charge separation and transport within solar cells. This research significantly adds to our comprehension of optical properties of CH$_3$NH$_3$SnI$_3$, paving the way for its potential use in solar cell applications.

Published
2024
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9. Wide circulation of peste des petits ruminants virus in sheep and goats across Nigeria

Author

Samuel E. Mantip, Anthony Sigismeau, Maurice Nanven, Atuman Joel, Abayomi M. Qasim, Sada Aliyu, Ibrahim Musa, Ogechukwu Ezeanyika, Ibikunle Faramade, Garba Ahmed, Timothy Y. Woma, David Shamaki, Genevieve Libeau, Souaibou Farougou, and Arnaud Bataille

Subjects
peste des petits ruminants, nigeria, transboundary animal disease, virus isolation, rt-pcr, morbillivirus, sequencing, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100
Abstract

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious viral disease that mainly affects goats and sheep in Asia, Africa and the Middle East, and threatens Europe [R.E.1]. The disease is endemic on the African continent, particularly in West Africa, and is a major factor driving food insecurity in low-income populations. The aim of this research study was to carry out surveillance, genetic characterisation and isolation of recently circulating PPR viruses (PPRV) in sheep and goats from the six agro-ecological zones of Nigeria. A total of 268 post-mortem tissue samples of lung and mesenteric ganglia were collected from clinically suspected sheep and goats in 18 different states, of which five never previously sampled. The presence of PPRV was confirmed using a reverse-transcription coupled with a polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. A total of 72 samples, 17 sheep (6%) and 55 goats (21%), were found to be PPR positive. Positive samples were distributed in almost all states, except Kano, where PPR was detected in previous studies. The PPRV-positive samples were further confirmed by sequencing or virus isolation in areas where the infection had never previously been detected. These results confirm the active circulation of PPRV across all six agro-ecological zones of Nigeria, and consequently, the need for introducing strict measures for the control and prevention of the disease in the country.

Published
2021
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10. EFFECT OF BOARD CHARACTERISTICS ON SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF LISTED ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE FIRMS IN NIGERIA

Author

Salawu Moruff Adeyemi, Muhammed Tahir Dahiru, Garba Ado, and Professor Salisu Mamman

Subjects
Board Characteristics, Social and Environmental Disclosure, Global Reporting Initiative, Finance, HG1-9999
Abstract

Social and Environmental Disclosure has been at its adoption phase in Nigeria despite the trend of disclosure practices by firms around the world. As a step towards addressing this shortcoming, the paper examined Board characteristics and their effects on Social and Environmental Disclosure in Nigeria. Mixed theoretical approach was deployed in explaining relationship between board characteristics and Social and Environmental Disclosure. Companies were graded on their Social and Environmental Disclosure performance using the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) Index. For a period of seven years (2012 - 2018), data were obtained from the published Annual Reports of fifty (50) selected environmentally sensitive enterprises listed on the website of the Nigerian Exchange Group as of 2019. Panel corrected Standard Error (PCSE) regression was found appropriate in testing the hypotheses. Board size, board expertise, board independence and board gender diversity were found to be positive and significant to Social and Environmental Disclosure. The study concluded that Board Characteristics impact Social and Environmental Disclosure and further recommends that listed firms should comply adequately with corporate governance requirements related to Board Characteristics to ensure that Social and Environmental Disclosure is not compromised.

Published
2021

13. Meningococcus serogroup C clonal complex ST-10217 outbreak in Zamfara State, Northern Nigeria

Author

Brenda A. Kwambana-Adams, Rahab C. Amaza, Catherine Okoi, Murtala Rabiu, Archibald Worwui, Ebenezer Foster-Nyarko, Bernard Ebruke, Abdul K. Sesay, Madikay Senghore, Abdullahi S. Umar, Rabi Usman, Adamu Atiku, Garba Abdullahi, Yahaya Buhari, Rabiu Sani, Husaini U. Bako, Bashir Abdullahi, Alliyu I. Yarima, Badaru Sikiru, Aderinola Olaolu Moses, Michael O. Popoola, Eme Ekeng, Adebola Olayinka, Nwando Mba, Adamu Kankia, Ibrahim N. Mamadu, Ifeanyi Okudo, Mary Stephen, Olivier Ronveaux, Jason Busuttil, Jason M. Mwenda, Mohammed Abdulaziz, Sulaiman A. Gummi, Adebayo Adedeji, Andre Bita, Linda Omar, Mamoudou Harouna Djingarey, Wondimagegnehu Alemu, Umberto D’Alessandro, Chikwe Ihekweazu, and Martin Antonio

Subjects
Zamfara State, Meningococcal Serogroup, Suspected Meningitis Cases, Meningitis Outbreak, MenAfriVac, Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract After the successful roll out of MenAfriVac, Nigeria has experienced sequential meningitis outbreaks attributed to meningococcus serogroup C (NmC). Zamfara State in North-western Nigeria recently was at the epicentre of the largest NmC outbreak in the 21st Century with 7,140 suspected meningitis cases and 553 deaths reported between December 2016 and May 2017. The overall attack rate was 155 per 100,000 population and children 5–14 years accounted for 47% (3,369/7,140) of suspected cases. The case fatality rate (CFR) among children 5–9 years was 10%, double that reported among adults ≥ 30 years (5%). NmC and pneumococcus accounted for 94% (172/184) and 5% (9/184) of the laboratory-confirmed cases, respectively. The sequenced NmC belonged to the ST-10217 clonal complex (CC). All serotyped pneumococci were PCV10 serotypes. The emergence of NmC ST-10217 CC outbreaks threatens the public health gains made by MenAfriVac, which calls for an urgent strategic action against meningitis outbreaks.

Published
2018
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16. Deployment of Prosopis Africana Biomass Material as a Conductive Thick Film Paste for Electronic Applications

Author

Babani, Suleiman, Hamidon, Mohd Nizar, Ismail, Alyani, Jaafar, Haslina, Hassan, Intan Helina, Shafee, Farah Nabila, Shitu, Ibrahim Garba, Yunusa, Zainab, Lamido, Jamila, Muhammad, Surajo, di Prisco, Marco, Series Editor, Chen, Sheng-Hong, Series Editor, Vayas, Ioannis, Series Editor, Kumar Shukla, Sanjay, Series Editor, Sharma, Anuj, Series Editor, Kumar, Nagesh, Series Editor, Wang, Chien Ming, Series Editor, Cui, Zhen-Dong, Series Editor, Lu, Xinzheng, Series Editor, Mansour, Yasser, editor, Subramaniam, Umashankar, editor, Mustaffa, Zahiraniza, editor, Abdelhadi, Abdelhakim, editor, Ezzat, Mohamed, editor, and Abowardah, Eman, editor

Published
2025
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17. A Report of Four Cases of Blackwater Fever after Quinine Treatment at Zinder National Hospital, Niger Republic

Author

Doutchi Mahamadou, Diongolé M. Hassane, Moussa Tondi Maiga Zeinabou, Iliassou Aboubacar, Ali Osseini, Adamou Harissou, Garba Abdoul-Aziz, Alkassoum Ibrahim, Ibrahim Maman Laminou, and Adéhossi Eric

Subjects
Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Background. Blackwater fever (BWF) is a rare but serious complication of malaria that is a consequence of antimalarial treatment. Its prevalence seems to have increased. Its diagnosis is based on clinical symptoms and urine color. We report on 4 BWF cases admitted to the infectious diseases department of Zinder National Hospital. Results. Four patients were hospitalized in September 2017 for a hepatorenal syndrome of jaundice, port wine-colored urine, renal failure, and hepatic cytolysis following antimalarial treatment with quinine salts. Quinine treatment was stopped and treatment was continued with injectable artemether. Three patients underwent extra-renal purification. Their evolution was favorable. One patient died less than 24 hours after admission. Conclusion. A rare and severe complication, blackwater fever must be considered for patients under antimalarial treatment who present with jaundice, abdominal pain, and acute renal insufficiency with port wine-colored urine. Rapid diagnosis and management in an intensive care unit are crucial for improving the prognosis.

Published
2019
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18. The Emergence of Anisotropic Superconductivity in the Nodal-line Semi-metal TlTaSe2

Author

Adam, Mukhtar Lawan, Garba, Ibrahim Buba, Gana, Sulaiman Muhammad, Adamu, Bala Ismail, Bala, Abba Alhaji, Suleiman, Abdulsalam Aji, Hamisu, Ahmad, Darma, Tijjani Hassan, Musa, Auwal, and Gidado, Abdulkadir S.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

TlTaSe2 is a non-centrosymmetric quasi-2D crystal semi-metal hosting nodal-line topological features protected by mirror-reflection symmetry. Here, we investigated the superconducting properties of TlTaSe2 using the first-principles anisotropic Migdal-Eliashberg theory. The Fermi surface hosts well gapped multiband features contributed by the Ta 5d and Tl 6p orbitals. Moreso, anisotropic superconducting gaps were found to exist at 2.15 and 4.5 meV around the in-plane orbitals, coupling effectively with the in-plane phonons of the Ta and Tl atoms. Using the Allen-Dynes-modified McMillan formula, we found a superconducting transition temperature of 6.67 K, accompanied by a robust electron-phonon coupling constant {\lambda} of 0.970. This investigation provides valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying anisotropic superconductivity in TlTaSe2., Comment: 17 pages, 5 figures

Published
2023

21. Celiac disease autoimmunity among Nigerian children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Author

Senbanjo, Idowu O., Abolurin, Olufunmilola O., Adekoya, Adesola O., Akinola, Ibironke J., Anyabolu, Chineme H., Adeniyi, Oluwafunmilayo F., Adepoju, Akinlolu A., Ashubu, Olukemi O., Gwarzo, Garba D., Bashir, Mohammad F., Umar, Umar I., Olorunmoteni, Oluwatosin E., Ugowe, Osagie J., Suwaid, Salma, Sanni, Daniel A., Fetuga, Musili B., and Oduwole, Abiola O.

Published
2024
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27. Two decades of molecular surveillance in Senegal reveal rapid changes in known drug resistance mutations over time

Author

Ndiaye, Yaye D., Wong, Wesley, Thwing, Julie, Schaffner, Stephen F., Brenneman, Katelyn Vendrely, Tine, Abdoulaye, Diallo, Mamadou A., Deme, Awa B., Sy, Mouhamad, Bei, Amy K., Thiaw, Alphonse B., Daniels, Rachel, Ndiaye, Tolla, Gaye, Amy, Ndiaye, Ibrahima M., Toure, Mariama, Gadiaga, Nogaye, Sene, Aita, Sow, Djiby, Garba, Mamane N., Yade, Mamadou S., Dieye, Baba, Diongue, Khadim, Zoumarou, Daba, Ndiaye, Aliou, Gomis, Jules F., Fall, Fatou B., Ndiop, Medoune, Diallo, Ibrahima, Sene, Doudou, Macinnis, Bronwyn, Seck, Mame C., Ndiaye, Mouhamadou, Ngom, Bassirou, Diedhiou, Younouss, Mbaye, Amadou M., Ndiaye, Lamine, Sy, Ngayo, Badiane, Aida S., Hartl, Daniel L., Wirth, Dyann F., Volkman, Sarah K., and Ndiaye, Daouda

Published
2024
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28. A systematic review and meta-data analysis of clinical data repositories in Africa and beyond: recent development, challenges, and future directions

Author

Adewole, Kayode S., Alozie, Emmanuel, Olagunju, Hawau, Faruk, Nasir, Aliyu, Ruqayyah Yusuf, Imoize, Agbotiname Lucky, Abdulkarim, Abubakar, Imam-Fulani, Yusuf Olayinka, Garba, Salisu, Baba, Bashir Abdullahi, Hussaini, Mustapha, Oloyede, Abdulkarim A., Abdullahi, Aminu, Kanya, Rislan Abdulazeez, and Usman, Dahiru Jafaru

Published
2024
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33. Quality assessment of malaria microscopic diagnosis at the Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital of Dakar, Senegal, in 2020

Author

Garba, Mamane N., Dème, Awa B., Diongue, Khadim, Diédhiou, Younousse, Mbaye, Amadou M., Dia, NDèye M., Seck, N’Dèye A., Zoumarou, Daba, Ndiaye, Lamine, Yade, Mamadou S., Dièye, Baba, Sène, Aita, Tine, Abdoulaye, Touré, Mariama, Gadiaga, Nogaye, Fall, Awa, Ngom, Bassirou, Sow, Djiby, Ndiaye, Aliou, Keita, Astou, Ndiaye, Mame F., Gomis, Jules F., Diop, Nana F., Diallo, Guète, Ndiaye, Ibrahima M., Ba, Elhadj M., Bitèye, Omar, Ndiaye, Cheikh, Mbodji, Fama S. D., Ndiaye, Pape O., Ndiaye, Tolla, Gaye, Amy, Sy, Mouhamad, Ndiaye, Yaye D., Seck, Mame C., Ndiaye, Mouhamadou, Badiane, Aida S., Diallo, Mamadou A., and Ndiaye, Daouda

Published
2024
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46. Reciprocal space temperature-dependent phonons method from ab-initio dynamics

Author

Garba, Ibrahim Buba, Morresi, Tommaso, Bouillaguet, Charles, Casula, Michele, and Paulatto, Lorenzo

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

We present a robust reciprocal-space implementation of the temperature-dependent effective potential method. Our implementation can scale easily to large cell and long sampling time. It is interoperable with standard ab-initio molecular dynamics and with Langevin dynamics. We prove that both sampling methods can be efficient and accurate if a thermostat is used to control temperature and dynamics parameters are used to optimize the sampling efficiency. By way of example, we apply it to study anharmonic phonon renormalization in weakly and strongly anharmonic materials, reproducing the temperature effect on phonon frequencies, crossing of phase transition, and stabilization of high-temperature phases.

Published
2023
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49. Respiratory syncytial virus infection among children younger than 2 years admitted to a paediatric intensive care unit with extended severe acute respiratory infection in ten Gavi-eligible countries: the RSV GOLD—ICU Network study

Author

Abdelrahman, Dina N, Abdullahi, Fatima L, Abdu-Raheem, Fadlulai, Abicher, Lynda T, Adelaiye, Hamdalla, Badjie, Ansumana, Bah, Abdou, Bista, Krishna P, Bont, Louis J, Boom, Trisja T, Buck, W Chris, Cáceres Avila, Milka Amanda, Chapagain, Ram Hari, Cianci, Daniela, Deroncelay, Alexandra, Dor, Vanessa, Ekotto, Karen, Enan, Khalid A, Eposse, Charlotte, Fouobang, Esquivel, Gai, Abdou, Garba, Abdoulie, Garba, Maria A, Gautier, Jacqueline, Giwa, Fatima J, Godfrey, Evance K, Goka, Bamenla Quarm, Jaiteh, Musa, Jallow, Mariama, Jallow, Alasana, Joof, Sheikh, Joshi, Prakash, Kuti, Bankole P, Löwensteyn, Yvette N, Makalo, Lamin, Mandi, Henshaw, Manjate, Yara, Manjate, Elias, Matimbe, Izilda, Mazur, Natalie I, Medani, Safaa A, Mendy, Peter T, Muando, Valéria, Mussá, Tufária, Nair, Harish, Nyan, Ousman, Obodai, Evangeline, Olorukooba, Aira A, Osman, Kwabena Agyapong, Osman, Khalid, Peñarrieta Echenique, Daisy Luisa Fátima, Pérales, Jose Gareca, Rave, Neele, Said, Yasser Habresh, Shaaban, Farina L, Sharma, Arun K, Shoo, Aika A, Shrestha, Rupesh, Sinussene, Cristina, Tahibo, Afshan, Willemsen, Joukje E, van Woensel, Job BM, Zavale, Farida, and van Zoggel, Hanneke JAA

Published
2024
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