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1. The association between lichen planus and hepatitis C virus infection: A case control study

Author: G Rai Subodha Kumar, Nagesha Parvathi, RangeGowda Suresh, Rangaswamy Umadevi, and Nirvanappa Vinay
Subjects: Dermatology, RL1-803
Abstract: Background: The incidence of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among patients with Lichen planus (LP) varies considerably. There is also lack of data in Indian population. Due to these variation, this study is to assessing the prevalence of HCV infection among patients with CLP in Hassan Karnataka. Methods: 135 clinically diagnosed cases of Lichen planus more than 18 years of age will be included as cases.147 patients having skin diseases other than lichen planus will be included as controls. Details of the patients personal history and family history,medical history and blood transfusion history will be collected. Detection of antibodies against HCV (anti-HCV) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Anti-HCV antibodies were found in 3(2.2%) patients of the case group and 1(0.7%) in control group. P value is 0.274, not statistically significant. Conclusion: Currently, there is no evidence confirming the relationship between HCV infection and CLP in Hassan Karnataka. However, there is a need for further research on larger groups of
Published: 2021
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2. Utility of the items of the paediatric balance scale to assess postural control in children from 3 to 10 years of age

Author: Rachana G Rai and Hutoxi Writer
Subjects: Mechanical Engineering, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Management Science and Operations Research
Published: 2023

3. Ion channel expression patterns in glioblastoma stem cells with functional and therapeutic implications for malignancy.

Author: Julia Pollak, Karan G Rai, Cory C Funk, Sonali Arora, Eunjee Lee, Jun Zhu, Nathan D Price, Patrick J Paddison, Jan-Marino Ramirez, and Robert C Rostomily
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Ion channels and transporters have increasingly recognized roles in cancer progression through the regulation of cell proliferation, migration, and death. Glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs) are a source of tumor formation and recurrence in glioblastoma multiforme, a highly aggressive brain cancer, suggesting that ion channel expression may be perturbed in this population. However, little is known about the expression and functional relevance of ion channels that may contribute to GSC malignancy. Using RNA sequencing, we assessed the enrichment of ion channels in GSC isolates and non-tumor neural cell types. We identified a unique set of GSC-enriched ion channels using differential expression analysis that is also associated with distinct gene mutation signatures. In support of potential clinical relevance, expression of selected GSC-enriched ion channels evaluated in human glioblastoma databases of The Cancer Genome Atlas and Ivy Glioblastoma Atlas Project correlated with patient survival times. Finally, genetic knockdown as well as pharmacological inhibition of individual or classes of GSC-enriched ion channels constrained growth of GSCs compared to normal neural stem cells. This first-in-kind global examination characterizes ion channels enriched in GSCs and explores their potential clinical relevance to glioblastoma molecular subtypes, gene mutations, survival outcomes, regional tumor expression, and experimental responses to loss-of-function. Together, the data support the potential biological and therapeutic impact of ion channels on GSC malignancy and provide strong rationale for further examination of their mechanistic and therapeutic importance.
Published: 2017
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4. Subcutaneous mycoses caused by Rhytidhysteron species in an immunocompetent patient

Author: K. Mishra, S. Das, S. Goyal, C. Gupta, G. Rai, M.A. Ansari, R. Saha, and A. Singal
Subjects: Subcutaneous mycoses, Rhytidhysteron species, Immunocompetent, Non-sporulating, India, Sequencing, Medicine (General), R5-920, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: Subcutaneous mycoses are chronic fungal infections of the skin and subcutaneous tissues caused by variety of fungal agents and usually occur following trauma with vegetative matter. We report a case of subcutaneous mycoses caused by rare fungus belonging to the genus Rhytidhysteron, in an immunocompetent male who presented with a subcutaneous nodule on left foot. This unusual species was identified and confirmed by molecular methods.
Published: 2014
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5. Erratum: Azimuthal Anisotropy of KS0 and Λ+Λ¯ Production at Midrapidity from Au+Au Collisions at sNN=130 GeV [Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 , 132301 (2002)]

Author: S. P. Chernenko, W. J. Llope, A. Cardenas, H. Long, R. Lednický, V. A. Nikitin, K. E. Shestermanov, A. Stolpovsky, R. S. Longacre, W. Christie, L. Kotchenda, H. Bichsel, P. Seyboth, V. Trofimov, Guy Paic, A. Chikanian, A. V. Brandin, S. S. Shimanskii, A. I. Kulikov, Masashi Kaneta, W. M. Zhang, L. C. Bland, Y. Panebratsev, R.Kh. Kutuev, Andrey Vasiliev, Joram Berger, T. Todoroki, Adam Ryszard Kisiel, J. B. Carroll, A. E. Yakutin, G. Igo, M. Oldenburg, H. J. Crawford, M. Castro, M. Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, G. Rai, J. W. Mitchell, N. Schmitz, Janet Elizabeth Seger, VL Rykov, B. D. Anderson, V. Petrov, E. Shahaliev, A. Boucham, T. J. Humanic, V. B. Dunin, A. C. Saulys, Z. Z. Xu, Q. Li, R. Witt, S. E. Vigdor, T. W. Henry, Christian Claude Kuhn, W. S. Deng, V. Ghazikhanian, Nikita Smirnov, I.A. Savin, M. Csanád, A. I. Pavlinov, F. Liu, M. B. Tonjes, J. W. Harris, B. E. Bonner, N. T. Porile, O. D. Tsai, J. L. Romero, Mirko Planinic, H. M. Spinka, C. E. Allgower, G. Eppley, S. Bekele, V. Morozov, Michael Kramer, M. Cherney, B. Lasiuk, E. Finch, Thomas Michael Cormier, R. Willson, D. G. Underwood, Michael W. Anderson, E. Gushin, P. Yepes, V. Eckardt, R. Ma, P. Nevski, J. H. Thomas, D. Hardtke, F. Laue, A. H. Tang, R. D. Majka, J. Pluta, L. Liu, V. M. Leontiev, Olivier Ravel, G. LoCurto, C. O. Blyth, E. Hjort, I. Zborovský, Yu A. Matulenko, M. Horsley, G. Skoro, B. Stringfellow, T. S. McShane, Rene Bellwied, C. P. Lansdell, R. E. Tribble, R.J.M. Snellings, Gerald W Hoffmann, J. N. Marx, B. Choi, J. G. Cramer, Thomas Dietel, Alexander Kovalenko, L. V. Nogach, A. P. Meschanin, Y. Fisyak, Ian Johnson, Christophe Pierre Suire, J. Sowinski, J. Schambach, D. Reichhold, T. J. M. Symons, T. Niida, A. Lebedev, M. M. de Moura, A. Szanto de Toledo, T. Pawlak, Morton Kaplan, P. Sorensen, G. Van Buren, Sevil Salur, Saurabh Pandey, A. Tai, T. W. Ludlam, J. Amonett, J. M. Nelson, V. Emelianov, D. Keane, W. Peryt, R. Stock, L. G. Efimov, D. Seliverstov, A. Schüttauf, G. S. Averichev, J. Porter, C. Roy, A. Klyachko, Vladimir Tikhomirov, P. Chaloupka, S. Trentalange, A. Ishihara, Yu Chen, Gregory Rakness, B. K. Srivastava, I. M. Vasilevski, F. Retiere, J. Gans, Boris Hippolyte, J. C. Dunlop, Zubayer Ahammed, M. J. LeVine, H. G. Ritter, A. S. Konstantinov, B. Norman, A. A. Kuznetsov, S. Y. Panitkin, E. Yamamoto, J. Engelage, David Lynn, J. G. Ma, J. Takahashi, M. A. C. Lamont, S. B. Nurushev, Z. Milosevich, N. G. Minaev, Sergey Voloshin, K. J. Foley, V. S. Shvetcov, Q. J. Liu, C. A. Whitten, J. Baudot, A. Rose, Y. V. Zanevski, S. Lange, S. J. Lindenbaum, Yu. Ivanshin, N. Xu, John N. Wood, M. Guedon, A. M. Poskanzer, A. M. VanderMolen, Russell Wells, J. M. Landgraf, M. Strikhanov, A. Billmeier, J. Putschke, J. W. Watson, A. Ogawa, Thomas A. Trainor, R. P. Scharenberg, Christina Markert, H. S. Matis, G. Odyniec, J. Sandweiss, Z. Liu, W. W. Jacobs, G. D. Westfall, H. Ward, L. S. Schroeder, S. V. Razin, L. Gaudichet, H. Zhang, Jay Roberts, Jinghui Yang, Malgorzata Anna Janik, C. L. Kunz, K. Krueger, C. F. Moore, C. Struck, M. Lopez-Noriega, I. Sakrejda, M. L. Miller, Fuqiang Wang, P. Szarwas, A. S. Hirsch, P. M. Jacobs, P. Kravtsov, C. Adler, E. G. Judd, Michael A. Thompson, Michal Sumbera, Jeffrey G. Reid, A. A. P. Suaide, E. Sugarbaker, S. R. Klein, V. Faine, J. Castillo, S. W. Wissink, J. E. Draper, H. Z. Huang, N.D. Gagunashvili, O. Barannikova, D. L. Olson, Sukalyan Chattopadhyay, T. J. Hallman, V. Perevoztchikov, K. Filimonov, A. A. Derevschikov, Marie Germain, V. I. Yurevich, A. N. Zubarev, M. Messer, P. Fachini, V. V. Belaga, Peter Graham Jones, Lee Stuart Barnby, F. Meissner, L. Didenko, M. Kopytine, J. Fu, M. Tokarev, K. Schweda, H. H. Wieman, J. Kiryluk, Rajarshi Ray, L. Lakehal-Ayat, W. A. Love, Vitaly Okorokov, Bernd Surrow, J. L. Klay, C. A. Gagliardi, A. Ridiger, T. Herston, R. V. Cadman, S. Heppelmann, D. Flierl, Frank Jm Geurts, L. Martin, J. P. Coffin, O. V. Rogachevski, V. A. Moiseenko, Marcelo Gameiro Munhoz, D. J. Prindle, E. J. Stephenson, M. A. Lisa, S. Margetis, O. A. Grachov, B. Erazmus, Gerd Joachim Kunde, D. Cebra, A. Bravar, Yu Melnick, J. Balewski, Claude Andre Pruneau, T. Ullrich, R. Zoulkarneev, V. Grigoriev, E. Potrebenikova, T. Ljubicic, and H. Caines
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Azimuth, General Physics and Astronomy, Anisotropy
Published: 2021

6. Erratum: Azimuthal Anisotropy at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider: The First and Fourth Harmonics [Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 , 062301 (2004)]

Author: J. W. Harris, R. Willson, D. G. Underwood, D. Thein, R. V. Cadman, C. Roy, P. Seyboth, M. Kopytine, J. Fu, E. Gushin, P. Yepes, V. Eckardt, D. Reichhold, Jianhong Wu, Frank Jm Geurts, I.A. Savin, N. T. Porile, A. H. Tang, T. J. M. Symons, A. Klyachko, J. H. Thomas, M. Tokarev, C-Q. Li, P. Sorensen, M. Shao, G. Van Buren, S. P. Chernenko, Vladimir Tikhomirov, R. Witt, V. Trofimov, R. P. Scharenberg, Christina Markert, W. T. Waggoner, Yu A. Matulenko, M. Horsley, T. W. Henry, W. J. Llope, P. Chaloupka, V. Yu Khodyrev, B. K. Srivastava, J. C. Dunlop, J. Gans, H. S. Matis, Zubayer Ahammed, M. J. LeVine, S. K. Badyal, S. Trentalange, L. S. Schroeder, S. Bhardwaj, Boris Hippolyte, S. V. Razin, M. Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, H. H. Wieman, B. Stringfellow, L. Gaudichet, H. Long, Sukalyan Chattopadhyay, W. W. Jacobs, J. Lauret, M. S. Ganti, R.Kh. Kutuev, Joram Berger, J. E. Gonzalez, Bedangadas Mohanty, T. W. Ludlam, J. M. Nelson, A. Ridiger, G. S. Averichev, K. Schweda, Guy Paic, A. Chikanian, S. S. Shimanskii, Jay Roberts, S. Stanislaus, V. B. Dunin, S. Mahajan, Q. Li, M. Heinz, Michael Kramer, I. Zborovský, L. K. Mangotra, T. J. Hallman, Y. G. Ma, W. Peryt, D. K. Mishra, S. Heppelmann, D. Flierl, J. Porter, V. Ghazikhanian, J. L. Romero, R. Lednický, L. Martin, J. Engelage, John N. Wood, Premomoy Ghosh, J. M. Landgraf, M. Strikhanov, C. Perkins, T. Niida, A. Lebedev, M. M. de Moura, J. G. Cramer, R. Manweiler, T. S. McShane, Y. Fisyak, Ian Johnson, T. Todoroki, Adam Ryszard Kisiel, J. B. Carroll, Christophe Pierre Suire, H. J. Crawford, G. Wang, V. A. Nikitin, K. E. Shestermanov, A. Boucham, T. J. Humanic, D. Arkhipkin, S. Bekele, A. Ishihara, H. Jiang, Basanta Kumar Nandi, M. Guedon, A. M. Poskanzer, A. M. VanderMolen, Russell Wells, J. P. Coffin, O. V. Rogachevski, C. P. Lansdell, E. Sugarbaker, R.J.M. Snellings, H. Z. Huang, C. Struck, M. Lopez-Noriega, F. Meissner, J. Kiryluk, Rajarshi Ray, D. A. Morozov, J. L. Klay, M. Botje, A. Billmeier, G. Odyniec, J. Sandweiss, Z. Liu, R. Fatemi, C. O. Blyth, R. S. Longacre, P. Bhaskar, V. Perevoztchikov, K. Filimonov, Q. J. Liu, C. A. Whitten, L. Ruan, M. J. Mora-Corral, A. Rose, S. Lange, S. J. Lindenbaum, H. Ward, Sergey Voloshin, K. J. Foley, D. Seliverstov, J. Takahashi, M. A. C. Lamont, S. B. Nurushev, Z. Milosevich, X. L. Wang, B. I. Bezverkhny, S. Margetis, O. A. Grachov, X. Dong, S. K. Pal, A. Bravar, V. Grigoriev, E. Potrebenikova, V. V. Belaga, B. Erazmus, Gerd Joachim Kunde, D. Cebra, M. Estienne, E. Finch, A. Szanto de Toledo, T. Pawlak, A. Stolpovsky, L. Kotchenda, J. R. Adams, M. Castro, L. C. Bland, C. L. Kunz, K. Krueger, C. F. Moore, Y. Panebratsev, D. Grosnick, G. Rai, R. Picha, N. Xu, P. Filip, Debasish Das, G. D. Westfall, S. C. Phatak, A. Kumar, T. Ljubicic, M. Cherney, E. G. Judd, Thomas Michael Cormier, S. Das, P. Nevski, A. Gupta, B. Norman, Malgorzata Anna Janik, J. Baudot, Y. V. Zanevski, Saroj K. Nayak, Morton Kaplan, X. Z. Cai, Peter Graham Jones, Yu Melnick, H. Bichsel, Raghunath Sahoo, S. M. Guertin, D. P. Mahapatra, Yu Chen, M. Csanád, J. N. Marx, Mirko Planinic, P. A. Żołnierczuk, N.D. Gagunashvili, Michael W. Anderson, L. Liu, B. Choi, F. Du, S. Kabana, Olivier Ravel, Y. P. Viyogi, H. Caines, Sudhir Raniwala, Camelia Mironov, Michal Sumbera, A. A. P. Suaide, G. Renault, Thomas Dietel, Zhongyukun Xu, M. Potekhin, G. Igo, Alexander Kovalenko, L. V. Nogach, V. I. Kravtsov, M. R. Dutta Majumdar, M. Oldenburg, J. Zoulkarneeva, V. Faine, J. W. Mitchell, Z. P. Zhang, V. Petrov, J. Castillo, S. W. Wissink, Anand Kumar Dubey, L. Didenko, F. Retiere, A. S. Hirsch, P. M. Jacobs, J. Balewski, Rashmi Raniwala, Claude Andre Pruneau, P. Kravtsov, C. Adler, B. V. K. S. Potukuchi, David Lynn, J. E. Draper, N. G. Minaev, N. Schmitz, E. Shahaliev, T. Ullrich, R. Zoulkarneev, H. G. Ritter, Jeffrey G. Reid, D. Magestro, J. Putschke, J. W. Watson, E. Hjort, Gregory Rakness, H. M. Spinka, A. Ogawa, H. F. Chen, Shengli Huang, Thomas A. Trainor, G. Skoro, J. G. Ma, R. N. Singaraju, Marcelo Gameiro Munhoz, D. J. Prindle, Z. Z. Xu, A. P. Meschanin, S. R. Klein, Manish Sharma, M. A. Lisa, W. J. Dong, O. Barannikova, D. L. Olson, Nikita Smirnov, A. A. Derevschikov, Vitaly Okorokov, Bernd Surrow, Marie Germain, A. Tai, G. Sood, C. A. Gagliardi, J. Amonett, T. Herston, Madan M. Aggarwal, A. N. Zubarev, Fuqiang Wang, M. Messer, V. Emelianov, V. I. Yurevich, Frank Simon, P. Fachini, A. K. Bhati, D. Keane, S. Gronstal, Lee Stuart Barnby, R. Stock, L. G. Efimov, W. A. Love, D. D. Koetke, T. K. Nayak, B. E. Bonner, O. D. Tsai, B. Lasiuk, M. A. Vasiliev, Sevil Salur, Saurabh Pandey, W. Christie, A. I. Kulikov, Masashi Kaneta, W. M. Zhang, Andrey Vasiliev, Janet Elizabeth Seger, T. Kollegger, A. I. Pavlinov, F. Liu, M. B. Tonjes, V. Morozov, T. D. Gutierrez, D. Hardtke, F. Laue, R. D. Majka, J. Sowinski, Z. M. Wang, J. Schambach, Julien Faivre, A. V. Brandin, S. E. Vigdor, Christian Claude Kuhn, R. Ma, B. D. Anderson, H. Zhang, G. Eppley, I. Sakrejda, J. Pluta, M. L. Miller, L. Molnar, P. Szarwas, Rene Bellwied, R. E. Tribble, A. A. Kuznetsov, S. Y. Panitkin, Gerald W Hoffmann, E. Yamamoto, and M. D. Trivedi
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Azimuth, Harmonics, General Physics and Astronomy, Anisotropy, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
Published: 2021

7. Removal of chromium from synthetic wastewater using modified maghemite nanoparticles

Author: Behera, S. K. Sahni, S. Tiwari, G. Rai, A. Mahanty, B. Vinati, A. Rene, E. R. Pugazhendhi, A. and Behera, S. K. Sahni, S. Tiwari, G. Rai, A. Mahanty, B. Vinati, A. Rene, E. R. Pugazhendhi, A.
Abstract: The main aim of this study was to ascertain the removal of chromium ions from synthetic wastewater using modified maghemite nanoparticles (MNPs). Commercially available maghemite nanoparticles (NPs) (< 50 nm) were modified using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The MNPs were characterized using a powder X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR). Statistically designed batch experiments were carried out to evaluate the effects of various parameters, namely the pH of the solution, initial chromium concentration, and adsorbent dose, on the chromium removal efficiency (RE). The results from this study showed that the adsorbent dose had a synergistic effect on chromium RE, while pH and initial chromium concentration had antagonistic effects on the RE. An optimal chromium RE of 95.8% was obtained at pH = 2.6, adsorbent dose = 5 g/L, and initial chromium concentration = 20 mg/L. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) results showed that the model was significant, with high F value (F = 80.07) and low P value (P = < 0.001). Based on the results obtained from the experiments, the MNPs could be exploited as an efficient adsorbent for chromium removal from wastewater.
Published: 2020
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8. The association between lichen planus and hepatitis C virus infection: A case control study

Author: Rangegowda Suresh, Rangaswamy Umadevi, G Rai Subodha Kumar, Nagesha Parvathi, and Nirvanappa Vinay
Subjects: stomatognathic diseases, integumentary system, business.industry, Hepatitis C virus, Case-control study, Medicine, business, medicine.disease_cause, Lichen, Virology
Abstract: Background: The incidence of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among patients with Lichen planus (LP) varies considerably. There is also lack of data in Indian population. Due to these variation, this study is to assessing the prevalence of HCV infection among patients with CLP in Hassan Karnataka. Methods: 135 clinically diagnosed cases of Lichen planus more than 18 years of age will be included as cases.147 patients having skin diseases other than lichen planus will be included as controls. Details of the patients personal history and family history,medical history and blood transfusion history will be collected. Detection of antibodies against HCV (anti-HCV) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Anti-HCV antibodies were found in 3(2.2%) patients of the case group and 1(0.7%) in control group. P value is 0.274, not statistically significant. Conclusion: Currently, there is no evidence confirming the relationship between HCV infection and CLP in Hassan Karnataka. However, there is a need for further research on larger groups of
Published: 2021

9. Knowledge and Practice Regarding Cervical Cancer Screening Among Women Attending Gynecology OPD, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal

Author: G, Rai, primary, M, Shrestha, additional, T, Shah, additional, G, Mandal, additional, A, Agrawal, additional, and M, Bharati, additional
Published: 2020
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10. Konglomerate

Author: G. Rai and G. Rai
Abstract: Following an explosion, known only as the Great Flash, the Earth is rendered nothing more than a vast wasteland. It is now ruled by mutated creatures and strange humanoids. An orphan, Weaver, spends his days scavenging the desert while a prisoner, Tyde, spends hers locked in a deep underground bunker. However, despite the vast distance between them, their lives are intertwined. When Weaver discovers a mysterious object buried in the sand, and Tyde escapes her captors, they both realise they need each other to unlock the secrets of the wasteland.
Published: 2019

11. A novel excitatory network for the control of breathing

Author: Karan G. Rai, Jan-Marino Ramirez, Aguan Wei, Tatiana M. Anderson, Jacob Bloom, Alfredo J. Garcia, Julia Pollak, and Nathan A. Baertsch
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Time Factors, Glutamine, Biology, Article, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Neural Pathways, Parafacial, Biological neural network, Animals, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Multidisciplinary, Respiration, fungi, Respiratory center, Central pattern generator, Neural Inhibition, Anatomy, Respiratory Center, Cholinergic Neurons, 030104 developmental biology, Control of respiration, Synapses, Excitatory postsynaptic potential, Breathing, Female, Brainstem, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Breathing must be tightly coordinated with other behaviours such as vocalization, swallowing, and coughing. These behaviours occur after inspiration, during a respiratory phase termed postinspiration. Failure to coordinate postinspiration with inspiration can result in aspiration pneumonia, the leading cause of death in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, dementia, and other neurodegenerative diseases. Here we describe an excitatory network that generates the neuronal correlate of postinspiratory activity in mice. Glutamatergic-cholinergic neurons form the basis of this network, and GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid)-mediated inhibition establishes the timing and coordination relative to inspiration. We refer to this network as the postinspiratory complex (PiCo). The PiCo has autonomous rhythm-generating properties and is necessary and sufficient for postinspiratory activity in vivo.The PiCo also shows distinct responses to neuromodulators when compared to other excitatory brainstem networks. On the basis of the discovery of the PiCo, we propose that each of the three phases of breathing is generated by a distinct excitatory network: the pre-Bötzinger complex, which has been linked to inspiration; the PiCo, as described here for the neuronal control of postinspiration; and the lateral parafacial region (pF(L)), which has been associated with active expiration, a respiratory phase that is recruited during high metabolic demand.
Published: 2016

12. Toll Like Receptor (TLR)-2 expression and Cytokine response induced by Aspergillus flavus in Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) patients

Author: G. Rai
Published: 2018

13. Corneal Biomechanics: Ocular Response Analyzer and Dynamic Scheimpflug Imaging

Author: Prafulla K. Maharana and Vaishali G Rai
Subjects: Spectrum analyzer, business.industry, Scheimpflug principle, Biomechanics, Medicine, business, Biomedical engineering
Published: 2018

14. Awareness and Knowledge of Glaucoma in Central India: A Hospital-Based Study

Author: Vaishali G Rai, Shipra Singhi, Rajesh Pattebahadur, Prafulla K. Maharana, and Ashish Chauhan
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, genetic structures, Higher education, Awareness level, India, Glaucoma, Blindness, Social class, Hospital based study, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Patient Education as Topic, Risk Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Prevalence, medicine, Humans, Outpatient clinic, Prospective Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, Socioeconomic status, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, business.industry, General Medicine, Awareness, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, eye diseases, Ophthalmology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Family medicine, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, Optometry, Female, Observational study, business
Abstract: Purpose To assess the awareness and knowledge of glaucoma among people attending the ophthalmology outpatient department at a tertiary care hospital in central India. Design A prospective observational study. Methods A questionnaire-based study was conducted, involving persons aged 18 and above attending the ophthalmology outpatient department from October 2014 to September 2015. Data on awareness and knowledge of glaucoma was collected through a face-to-face interview. Results Fourteen hundred people participated in the study. The mean age of participants was 43 ± 15 years (range, 18-85). The study participants included 53% men and 47% women. Only 27% (n = 380/1400) of the participants were aware of glaucoma. Age, sex, and presence or type of refractive error had no impact on glaucoma awareness. Awareness level was greater in individuals with higher education levels and those belonging to an upper socioeconomic class (SEC). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed significantly higher levels of glaucoma awareness among participants belonging to the upper 2 SECs (P = 0.05) and those educated above the high school level (P = 0.001). The most common source of awareness was close acquaintance with relatives, famly members, and friends of glaucoma patients. Conclusions Awareness of glaucoma in India is low. Lack of education and lower socioeconomic status are the major risk factors for late preentation of glaucoma. Continuous presence of a low level of awareness and the same factors accounting for it warrants the need for an aggressive and refined approach to increase awareness of glaucoma to prevent glaucoma-related blindness.
Published: 2017

15. A Two-Year Prospective Study from Punjab Region of India

Author: D R Mittal, S. Jasbir, G Rai, R K Sharma, and Kuldeep Kumar
Subjects: Police custody, business.industry, Mental hospital, media_common.quotation_subject, Prison, Context (language use), Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Pulmonary tuberculosis, Crime rate, Medicine, business, Prospective cohort study, Demography, media_common, Cause of death
Abstract: On one hand the horizon of human rights is expanding but at the same time the crime rate is also increasing. In this context, custodial deaths are among most contentious deaths for investigation by forensic experts. These deaths sometimes invite mass resentment and condemnation. Not that always such deaths are due to unnatural or violent causes; indeed most of the time they are due to natural causes. To analyse custodial deaths from all aspects present prospective study was undertaken. A total of 135 (119 male and 16 female) cases of custodial deaths were examined in detail over a study period of 2 years. Based on place of confinement 100 cases (74.07%) died in jail custody, 33 cases (24.45%) died in mental hospital custody and in 2 cases (1.48%) death occurred in police custody. Among 92 cases (out of 135) in which final cause of death was declared, the death was natural in 95.65% while in 4.35% it was unnatural. Pulmonary tuberculosis was the most common natural cause among prison custodial deaths (22.8%, n=16). In mental hospital custody coronary artery disease (12.8%, n=9) was the leading cause of natural death. As far as unnatural deaths are concerned, there were two cases each of suicidal and accidental deaths (2.17% each) and no case of homicidal death was noticed.
Published: 2019

16. A Two-Year Prospective Study of Custodial Deaths from Punjab Region of India

Author: R K Sharma, Kuldeep Kumar, G Rai, D R Mittal, and S. Jasbir
Subjects: Police custody, media_common.quotation_subject, 030508 substance abuse, Context (language use), Prison, Biology, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, Pulmonary tuberculosis, Natural death, Crime rate, 0305 other medical science, Prospective cohort study, Cause of death, Demography, media_common
Abstract: On one hand the horizon of human rights is expanding but at the same time the crime rate is also increasing. In this context, custodial deaths are among most contentious deaths for investigation by forensic experts. These deaths sometimes invite mass resentment and condemnation. Not that always such deaths are due to unnatural or violent causes; indeed most of the time they are due to natural causes. To analyse custodial deaths from all aspects present prospective study was undertaken. A total of 135 (119 male and 16 female) cases of custodial deaths were examined in detail over a study period of 2 years. Based on place of confinement 100 cases (74.07%) died in jail custody, 33 cases (24.45%) died in mental hospital custody and in 2 cases (1.48%) death occurred in police custody. Among 92 cases (out of 135) in which final cause of death was declared, the death was natural in 95.65% while in 4.35% it was unnatural. Pulmonary tuberculosis was the most common natural cause among prison custodial deaths (22.8%, n=16). In mental hospital custody coronary artery disease (12.8%, n=9) was the leading cause of natural death. As far as unnatural deaths are concerned, there were two cases each of suicidal and accidental deaths (2.17% each) and no case of homicidal death was noticed.
Published: 2019

17. Protective effect of curcumin, silymarin and N-acetylcysteine on antitubercular drug-induced hepatotoxicity assessed in an in vitro model

Author: Meenakshi Singh, Preetha Sasi, G Rai, Deepak Amarapurkar, Vinod H. Gupta, and Pramod P. Wangikar
Subjects: Confocal Microscopy, Adverse Drug Reactions, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Antitubercular Agents, Cell Cytotoxicity, Apoptosis, Propidium Iodide, Pharmacology, Toxicology, Cell morphology, Acetylcysteine, Mice, chemistry.chemical_compound, Mtt Assay, Anti-Tb Drugs, Cell Viability, Drug Metabolizing Enzyme, Permeability Transition, Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial, Adjuvant Therapy, Cell Cycle, Animal Models, Hep G2 Cells, General Medicine, Flow Cytometry, Mitotracker (R) Red, Contrast Microscopy, Human Clinical Trials, Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury, Silymarin, medicine.drug, Cell-Cycle, Curcumin, Cell Survival, Induced Hepatic-Injury, Protective Agents, Isoniazid, medicine, Tuberculosis, Humans, Viability assay, Propidium iodide, Rat-Liver, In Vitro Liver Model, Rifampicin, Toxicity, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential, business.industry, Sub-G1 Peak, Pyrazinamide, Oxidative Stress, Hypodiploid Population, chemistry, Herbal Drugs, Hepg2 Cells, business, Immunosuppression
Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) is highly endemic in India. The first-line anti-TB therapy (ATT) involving isoniazid (INH), rifampicin and pyrazinamide causes hepatotoxicity in approximately 11.5% of Indian patients. Studies have shown that ATT-induced hepatotoxicity is primarily due to oxidative stress caused by the drugs and metabolites. Herbal drugs with antioxidative properties have been tested in animal studies and clinical trials for the management of hepatotoxicity. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of curcumin (CUR), silymarin (SILY) and N-acetylcysteine ( N-ACET) on hepatotoxicity by ATT drugs using an in vitro model of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2). HepG2 cells were treated with ATT drugs alone or along with CUR, SILY or N-ACET for a 48-h duration. The cells were monitored for viability, morphology, respiring mitochondria and cell cycle. Our results suggest that the presence of hepatoprotective drugs during treatment of HepG2 cells with ATT drugs lowers the hepatotoxic effect of the latter. This is observed in terms of (a) increased cell viability, (b) healthy-looking cell morphology as revealed by phase contrast microscopy, (c) active respiring cells as observed with confocal microscopy upon staining with a mitochondrial membrane-specific dye, MitoTracker® Red, and reduction in the sub-G1 peak in cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry. Our results suggest that these hepatoprotective drugs need to be further explored as potential adjuvant therapy along with ATT drugs.
Published: 2012

18. An interesting case of back pain

Author: Pratheeksha G. Rai and Chethan Subramanya
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Physical therapy, medicine, Back pain, medicine.symptom, bacterial infections and mycoses, business
Abstract: Meliodosis is a disease caused by gram negative bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei. Among its various clinical presentations, involvement of spine is rare phenomenon. On presentation they mimic tuberculosis and malignancy. We present a case of an elderly male with known case of diabetes mellitus presented with fever of unknown origin associated with back pain. On evaluation, all tests for tuberculosis and malignancy remained negative. Multiple visceral abscesses with hyper intense foci in T4vertebrae were seen. Pleural fluid culture grew Burkholderia pseudomallei. Patient was treated with parenteral meropenem for 2 weeks, oral doxycycline and trimethoprim/sulphamethazone for 12 weeks. Dramatic decrease in back pain with improvement of constitutional symptoms was seen within 2 days of initiation of appropriate antibiotics. Meliodosis should be considered in differential diagnosis of back pain with constitutional symptoms. Dedicated team of microbiologists and physicians is required to identify and treat the disease.
Published: 2018

19. A Two-Year Prospective Study from Punjab Region of India.

Author: R., Mittal D., S., Jasbir, G., Rai, K., Kumar, and R. K., Sharma
Subjects: CORONARY disease, CORRECTIONAL institutions, DEATH, CAUSES of death, LONGITUDINAL method, PRISONERS, FORENSIC medicine, MENTAL illness, TUBERCULOSIS, HOSPITAL mortality
Abstract: On one hand the horizon of human rights is expanding but at the same time the crime rate is also increasing. In this context, custodial deaths are among most contentious deaths for investigation by forensic experts. These deaths sometimes invite mass resentment and condemnation. Not that always such deaths are due to unnatural or violent causes; indeed most of the time they are due to natural causes. To analyse custodial deaths from all aspects present prospective study was undertaken. A total of 135 (119 male and 16 female) cases of custodial deaths were examined in detail over a study period of 2 years. Based on place of confinement 100 cases (74.07%) died in jail custody, 33 cases (24.45%) died in mental hospital custody and in 2 cases (1.48%) death occurred in police custody. Among 92 cases (out of 135) in which final cause of death was declared, the death was natural in 95.65% while in 4.35% it was unnatural. Pulmonary tuberculosis was the most common natural cause among prison custodial deaths (22.8%, n=16). In mental hospital custody coronary artery disease (12.8%, n=9) was the leading cause of natural death. As far as unnatural deaths are concerned, there were two cases each of suicidal and accidental deaths (2.17% each) and no case of homicidal death was noticed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2019
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20. ϕ meson production in Au+Au and p+p collisions at sNN=200GeV

Author: W. Christie, A. H. Tang, A. I. Kulikov, Guy Paic, A. Chikanian, S. S. Shimanskii, W. M. Zhang, E. Sugarbaker, G. Rakness, Andrey Vasiliev, M. Shao, D. K. Mishra, A. Boucham, R. N. Singaraju, A. P. Meschanin, Janet Elizabeth Seger, F. Meissner, E. G. Judd, D. Arkhipkin, E. Yamamoto, S. Bekele, M. Heinz, Lee Stuart Barnby, Manish Sharma, J. Balewski, D. A. Morozov, Marie Germain, Rashmi Raniwala, Claude Andre Pruneau, A. Ishihara, Michal Sumbera, G. Renault, C. Suire, T. Ullrich, A. S. Hirsch, R. Wells, S. V. Razin, M. R. Dutta Majumdar, A. Lebedev, L. Gaudichet, J. Kiryluk, A. Ridiger, V. Faine, A. N. Zubarev, N. Schmitz, Thorsten Sven Kollegger, E. Shahaliev, H. Jiang, M. M. de Moura, J. C. Webb, P. Kravtsov, C. Adler, R. Zoulkarneev, J. Castillo, S. W. Wissink, Z. Xu, A. Stolpovsky, S. Heppelmann, D. Flierl, W. A. Love, Sergey Voloshin, M. Botje, Jay Roberts, B. E. Bonner, Adam Ryszard Kisiel, Vladimir Petrov, C-Q. Li, Basanta Kumar Nandi, K. J. Foley, B. D. Anderson, L. Martin, P. Seyboth, Jeffrey G. Reid, S. Kabana, I. Sakrejda, J. Sowinski, M. Vznuzdaev, Anik Gupta, R. V. Cadman, R. S. Longacre, L. Kotchenda, D. D. Koetke, P. Fachini, R. P. Scharenberg, O. D. Tsai, C. L. Kunz, J. E. Draper, Jianhong Wu, Hao-Ze Chen, C. J. McClain, M. Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, H. S. Matis, H. J. Crawford, C. F. Moore, S. P. Chernenko, Z. P. Zhaomin, M. L. Miller, Frank Jm Geurts, J. P. Coffin, W. J. Llope, Q. J. Liu, J. Baudot, Debasish Das, Raghunath Sahoo, M. Guedon, A. M. VanderMolen, C. A. Whitten, J. H. Thomas, J. E. Gonzalez, Bedangadas Mohanty, O. V. Rogachevski, Marcelo Gameiro Munhoz, D. J. Prindle, R. L. Ray, E. Potrebenikova, P. Szarwas, G. Igo, Vitaly Okorokov, M. J. Mora-Corral, W. W. Jacobs, J. Lauret, G. Eppley, D. Reichhold, Y. V. Zanevski, Xu Cai, C. Roy, J. Zoulkarneeva, Julien Faivre, A. K. Dubey, A. I. Pavlinov, S. Mahajan, B. Yuting, W. T. Waggoner, F. Liu, M. B. Tonjes, Q. Li, A. V. Brandin, Souvik Das, Pawan Kumar Netrakanti, R. Witt, R. Fatemi, S. Lange, L. Molnar, V. Morozov, J. Pluta, Peter Martin Jacobs, S. R. Klein, S. J. Lindenbaum, A. Klyachko, H. Zhang, V. Yu Khodyrev, T. Ljubicic, K. Schweda, S. M. Guertin, Alexandre Alarcon Do Passo Suaide, O. Barannikova, D. L. Olson, S. E. Vigdor, C. A. Gagliardi, H. Caines, Sudhir Raniwala, N.D. Gagunashvili, N. Xu, M. Lopez-Noriega, H. Ward, P. Filip, T. D. Gutierrez, K. Krueger, B. K. Srivastava, I. M. Vasilevski, Christian Claude Kuhn, A. Rose, R. E. Tribble, Madan M. Aggarwal, Yaguo Wang, D. Hardtke, Fuqiang Wang, R. D. Majka, Sevil Salur, P. Chaloupka, B. Lasiuk, M. A. C. Lamont, Sukalyan Chattopadhyay, D. P. Mahapatra, J. Gans, Z. P. Zizong, S. Bhardwaj, B. Surrow, T. Dietel, A. A. Derevschikov, G. D. Westfall, S. B. Nurushev, Z. Milosevich, Mirko Planinic, M. S. Ganti, Boris Hippolyte, Z. M. Wang, M. Oldenburg, Gerald W Hoffmann, M. A. Lisa, S. Margetis, J. Schambach, Yu Chen, C. Perkins, Malgorzata Anna Janik, P. Sorensen, H. Long, W. J. Dong, C. Mironov, R. Picha, Joseph Adams, Y. Fisyak, T. Peitzmann, V. Perevoztchikov, K. Filimonov, E. W. Hughes, J. C. Dunlop, Ian Johnson, G. Van Buren, X. L. Wang, Y. Panebratsev, G. S. Averichev, D. Grosnick, G. Rai, V. I. Yurevich, T. W. Henry, V. V. Belaga, Zubayer Ahammed, M. J. LeVine, Sergey Panitkin, B. I. Bezverkhny, D. Magestro, O. A. Grachov, X. Dong, Sergey Timoshenko, M. Cherney, Z. Z. Xu, J. W. Harris, Frank Simon, A. Bravar, G. Wang, S. K. Badyal, T. D. S. Stanislaus, S. K. Pal, T. W. Ludlam, Peter Graham Jones, R. Lednický, V. A. Nikitin, J. M. Nelson, F. Retiere, Thomas Michael Cormier, G. Skoro, C. Struck, J. Takahashi, J. Putschke, N. G. Minaev, L. S. Schroeder, K. E. Shestermanov, W. Peryt, B. Erazmus, A. Tai, G. Sood, L. Didenko, J. W. Watson, J. Amonett, A. Ogawa, G. J. Kunde, P. Yepes, V. Eckardt, J. Klay, B. V.K.S. Potukuchi, V. Emelianov, A. K. Bhati, D. Keane, S. Gronstal, Shengli Huang, Thomas A. Trainor, Yu-Gang Ma, Nikolai Smirnov, R. Stock, J. Mitchell, L. G. Efimov, T. K. Nayak, L. K. Mangotra, D. Cebra, S. Trentalange, M. Estienne, R. Manweiler, Yu Melnick, H. Bichsel, G. Odyniec, H. M. Spinka, M. Potekhin, David Lynn, H. G. Ritter, A. Hamed, J. G. Ma, A. M. Poskanzer, R. Bellwied, Andre Mischke, D. Thein, L. C. Bland, M. Kopytine, J. Fu, M. Tokarev, H. H. Wieman, A. A. Kuznetsov, L. Liu, J. Engelage, John N. Wood, Premomoy Ghosh, J. M. Landgraf, Olivier Ravel, Z. Liu, M. Strikhanov, P.A. Zolnierczuk, Christina Markert, J. Sandweiss, A. Billmeier, J. G. Cramer, C. O. Blyth, M. Kramer, B. Norman, T. J. Humanic, I.A. Savin, N. T. Porile, R. Varma, Yu A. Matulenko, M. Horsley, B. Stringfellow, T. S. McShane, J. N. Marx, Y. P. Viyogi, H. Z. Huang, A. Kumar, F. Du, Alexander Kovalenko, L. V. Nogach, V. I. Kravtsov, Zhenyu Zhang, W. Shao, R.J.M. Snellings, S. C. Phatak, R. Willson, D. G. Underwood, Lijuan Ruan, T. J. Hallman, Morton Kaplan, T. J. M. Symons, V. Ghazikhanian, J. L. Romero, E. Finch, E. Hjort, J. Carroll, S. K. Nayak, F. Laue, A. Szanto de Toledo, T. Pawlak, J. Porter, R.Kh. Kutuev, J. Berger, O. G. Grebenyuk, and V. B. Dunin
Subjects: Physics, Coalescence (physics), Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Meson production, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Phi meson, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Central region, Spectral line, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, Transverse momentum, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics
Abstract: We report the STAR measurement of ϕ meson production in Au + Au and p + p collisions at s N N = 200 GeV . Using the event mixing technique, the ϕ spectra and yields are obtained at mid-rapidity for five centrality bins in Au + Au collisions and for non-singly-diffractive p + p collisions. It is found that the ϕ transverse momentum distributions from Au + Au collisions are better fitted with a single-exponential while the p + p spectrum is better described by a double-exponential distribution. The measured nuclear modification factors indicate that ϕ production in central Au + Au collisions is suppressed relative to peripheral collisions when scaled by the number of binary collisions ( 〈 N bin 〉 ) . The systematics of 〈 p t 〉 versus centrality and the constant ϕ / K − ratio versus beam species, centrality, and collision energy rule out kaon coalescence as the dominant mechanism for ϕ production.
Published: 2005

21. An update from STAR—using strangeness to probe relativistic heavy ion collisions

Author: V. V. Belaga, V. Grigoriev, Z. Xu, Sergey Voloshin, P. Sorensen, R. L. Ray, E. Potrebenikova, M.A. Kramer, R. V. Cadman, Peter Graham Jones, K. J. Foley, F. Laue, A. Szanto de Toledo, T. Ljubicic, Jianhong Wu, H. Caines, E. Sugarbaker, T. Pawlak, V. L. Rykov, Frank Jm Geurts, L. Didenko, G. Eppley, J. Porter, I. Sakrejda, J. Balewski, J. Baudot, Claude Andre Pruneau, J. Pluta, R. Willson, D. G. Underwood, F. Meissner, A. Stolpovsky, R. Lednický, V. A. Nikitin, T. Ullrich, Y. V. Zanevski, R. Zoulkarneev, L. Kotchenda, S. Kabana, K. E. Shestermanov, Jinghui Yang, A. Lebedev, Q. J. Liu, M. M. de Moura, K. Schweda, T. J. Hallman, T. J. M. Symons, S. V. Razin, L. Gaudichet, J. Kiryluk, M. L. Miller, B. Choi, R. E. Tribble, R. S. Longacre, H. Bichsel, M. Castro, Jay Roberts, S. R. Klein, C. Struck, O. Barannikova, D. L. Olson, Gerald W Hoffmann, Yu-Gang Ma, A. Tai, P. Szarwas, J. Takahashi, J. Putschke, G. Odyniec, D. Thein, Alexander Kovalenko, O. A. Grachov, X. Dong, C. L. Kunz, C. F. Moore, J. W. Watson, A. Bravar, Joseph Adams, A. A. Derevschikov, L. V. Nogach, A. H. Tang, R.Kh. Kutuev, J. Berger, S. P. Chernenko, A. Ogawa, M. Kopytine, J. Amonett, W. J. Llope, X. L. Wang, Julien Faivre, J. Klay, V. B. Dunin, A. V. Brandin, Zhongyukun Xu, Thomas A. Trainor, A. Ridiger, Thorsten Sven Kollegger, D. Reichhold, D. Magestro, L. Ruan, V. Trofimov, M. Tokarev, A. Rose, V. Emelianov, A. I. Pavlinov, D. Keane, T. J. Humanic, R. Witt, F. Liu, M. B. Tonjes, S. Heppelmann, D. Flierl, Matthew J. Anderson, Marie Germain, R. P. Scharenberg, S. M. Guertin, S L Huang, Alexandre Alarcon Do Passo Suaide, B. Lasiuk, J. H. Thomas, H. S. Matis, L. Martin, David Lynn, H. Long, Nikolai Smirnov, R. Stock, J. Mitchell, L. G. Efimov, G. Skoro, S. E. Vigdor, G. Igo, J. Zoulkarneeva, Christian Claude Kuhn, V. Morozov, I.A. Savin, W. W. Jacobs, D. D. Koetke, V. Petrov, J. E. Draper, A. N. Zubarev, C. A. Gagliardi, E. Hjort, B. E. Bonner, J. Lauret, B. D. Anderson, O. D. Tsai, D. Hardtke, J. Fu, B. K. Srivastava, Yu Chen, R. D. Majka, N. T. Porile, M. Messer, M.M. Corral, G. S. Averichev, H. H. Wieman, J. Sowinski, S. Stanislaus, J. Marx, Z. M. Wang, M. A. Vasiliev, T. Herston, B. Surrow, S. Margetis, J. Schambach, P. Fachini, J. P. Coffin, O. V. Rogachevski, J. Gans, Boris Hippolyte, H. Ward, W. Christie, J. C. Dunlop, A. I. Kulikov, R. Manweiler, J. Carroll, P. Seyboth, Masashi Kaneta, Fuqiang Wang, H. M. Spinka, Sevil Salur, M. Oldenburg, T. Dietel, W. M. Zhang, Andrey Vasiliev, A. M. Poskanzer, Zubayer Ahammed, J. G. Ma, Y. Panebratsev, M. Shao, M. J. LeVine, V. Ghazikhanian, D. Grosnick, S. Lange, G. Rai, Janet Elizabeth Seger, A. A. Kuznetsov, V. I. Yurevich, J. L. Romero, C. P. Lansdell, Yu A. Matulenko, Frank Simon, S.J. Lindenbaum, L. S. Schroeder, E. Yamamoto, E. Finch, T W Henry, I. Zborovský, R.J.M. Snellings, B. Erazmus, R. Wells, A. P. Meschanin, M. Heinz, Lee Stuart Barnby, F. Retiere, Y. Fisyak, M. Horsley, C Whitten, Ian Johnson, N. G. Minaev, N. Xu, P. Filip, C Li, B. Stringfellow, D. Cebra, N. Schmitz, G. D. Westfall, E. Shahaliev, S. Trentalange, W. A. Love, Malgorzata Anna Janik, Yu Melnick, Marcelo Gameiro Munhoz, D. J. Prindle, H. Zhang, E. J. Stephenson, M. A. Lisa, A. Billmeier, J. G. Cramer, R. Fatemi, K. Krueger, M. Cherney, Thomas Michael Cormier, T. S. McShane, P. Nevski, J. E. Gonzalez, M. Lopez-Noriega, Adam Ryszard Kisiel, Michal Sumbera, H. J. Crawford, A. Ishihara, G. Renault, J. Engelage, C. Suire, V. Faine, John N. Wood, J. Castillo, S. W. Wissink, J. M. Landgraf, V. A. Okorokov, M. Strikhanov, G. Rakness, M. Guedon, A. M. VanderMolen, Guy Paic, E. G. Judd, A. Chikanian, S. S. Shimanskii, P.A. Zolnierczuk, Christina Markert, J. Sandweiss, Z. Liu, A. Boucham, D. Arkhipkin, S. Bekele, C. Roy, C. O. Blyth, A. Klyachko, Vladimir Tikhomirov, P. Chaloupka, B. Norman, G. Van Buren, T. W. Ludlam, J. M. Nelson, W. Peryt, H. G. Ritter, H. Z. Huang, Morton Kaplan, X. Z. Cai, R. Bellwied, A. S. Konstantinov, L. C. Bland, L. Liu, V. M. Leontiev, D. Seliverstov, A. Schüttauf, Olivier Ravel, A. S. Hirsch, Peter Martin Jacobs, P. Kravtsov, C. Adler, M. A. C. Lamont, S. B. Nurushev, Z. Milosevich, Jeffrey G. Reid, Hao-Ze Chen, M. Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, Subhasis Chattopadhyay, Q. Li, J. W. Harris, N.D. Gagunashvili, A Cardenas, Z P Zhang, E. Gushin, G. J. Kunde, P. Yepes, V. Eckardt, V. Perevoztchikov, K. Filimonov, Sergey Panitkin, S. U. Pandey, and A. E. Yakutin
Subjects: Nuclear reaction, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Strange quark, media_common.quotation_subject, Hadron, Elementary particle, Kinematics, Decoupling (cosmology), Strangeness, Asymmetry, Nuclear physics, Nuclear Experiment, media_common
Abstract: An overview of the strangeness measurements made by the STAR collaboration at RHIC for Au-Au collisions at √s NN = 130 and 200 GeV plus p-p collisions at √s NN = 200 GeV is presented. A wealth of information has been generated on the kinematics and scale of strange particle production by this experiment. When viewed in combination a picture emerges of particles demonstrating a surprisingly high degree of collective motion, suggestive of strong internal pressure within the source which builds up rapidly. The non-resonance yields are consistent with statistical hadron formation. Although there appears to be a rapid decoupling of the source, resonance particle measurements show signs of rescattering during the hadronic phase. Meanwhile the observed suppression of high momentum probes and their large azimuthal asymmetry indicate that this hot dense matter has significant interactions with particles moving through it.
Published: 2003

22. Strange antiparticle-to-particle ratios at mid-rapidity in =130 GeV Au+Au collisions

Author: M. Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, A. Lebedev, R. V. Cadman, Vitaly Okorokov, Frank Jm Geurts, Q. Li, Adam Ryszard Kisiel, T. J. Humanic, H. J. Crawford, I.A. Savin, N. T. Porile, R. Fatemi, Y. Panebratsev, V. Trofimov, C. A. Gagliardi, Q. J. Liu, C. A. Whitten, K. Krueger, G. Rai, Yu A. Matulenko, T. Herston, Fuqiang Wang, C. E. Allgower, M. Horsley, B. Stringfellow, S. Lange, S. J. Lindenbaum, N. Xu, J. Balewski, M. Cherney, H. G. Ritter, Thomas Michael Cormier, Claude Andre Pruneau, W. Christie, G. D. Westfall, A. Billmeier, P. Nevski, J. W. Harris, Malgorzata Anna Janik, V. I. Yurevich, C. Struck, J. Takahashi, J. Putschke, J. W. Watson, A. I. Kulikov, A. Ridiger, Thorsten Sven Kollegger, J. G. Cramer, K. Schweda, T. Ullrich, J. H. Thomas, A. S. Hirsch, Frank Simon, C. Roy, P. Kravtsov, Masashi Kaneta, A. M. Poskanzer, A. Ogawa, R. Bellwied, Thomas A. Trainor, E. Yamamoto, C. Adler, R. Zoulkarneev, A. Stolpovsky, L. Kotchenda, B. Erazmus, A. S. Konstantinov, A. Tai, R. S. Longacre, W. M. Zhang, Andrey Vasiliev, R. Lednický, V. A. Nikitin, Joseph Adams, J. Amonett, V. Grigoriev, T. Dietel, K. E. Shestermanov, R. L. Ray, M. Kramer, A. Klyachko, E. Potrebenikova, M. Heinz, Lee Stuart Barnby, J. Klay, E. Gushin, G. J. Kunde, M. Castro, M. Oldenburg, P. Yepes, V. Eckardt, E. Hjort, D. Magestro, B. Choi, Jeffrey G. Reid, D. Cebra, T. S. McShane, V. Emelianov, Vladimir Tikhomirov, D. Keane, S. Heppelmann, D. Flierl, A. H. Tang, F. Retiere, T. Ljubicic, Nikolai Smirnov, Yu Melnick, N. G. Minaev, Z. J. Xu, R. Stock, J. Mitchell, H. Caines, W. A. Love, L. G. Efimov, Marcelo Gameiro Munhoz, Alexander Kovalenko, L. V. Nogach, Vladimir Petrov, R. P. Scharenberg, S. P. Chernenko, Yu. Ivanshin, V. L. Rykov, Janet Elizabeth Seger, D. J. Prindle, W. J. Llope, G. S. Averichev, L. Martin, H. Zhang, J. Carroll, S. Trentalange, Guy Paic, A. Chikanian, S. S. Shimanskii, G. Igo, E. J. Stephenson, J. N. Marx, B. E. Bonner, Marie Germain, A. Cardenas, O. D. Tsai, H. S. Matis, G. Skoro, G. Rakness, W. W. Jacobs, B. D. Anderson, M. A. Lisa, A. A.P. Suaide, S. M. Guertin, J. E. Draper, Julien Faivre, A. Rose, J. Lauret, L. C. Bland, A. Boucham, B. Lasiuk, V. Ghazikhanian, A. V. Brandin, H. Bichsel, Yu Chen, W. S. Deng, H. Ward, V. Perevoztchikov, G. Odyniec, K. Filimonov, David Lynn, S. E. Vigdor, Christian Claude Kuhn, A. A. Kuznetsov, L. Liu, V. M. Leontiev, Olivier Ravel, Sergey Panitkin, M. Planinic, S. Bekele, J. P. Coffin, O. V. Rogachevski, D. Reichhold, A. I. Pavlinov, F. Liu, M. B. Tonjes, G. Eppley, Subhasis Chattopadhyay, E. G. Judd, A. N. Zubarev, Matthew J. Anderson, E. Sugarbaker, H. Z. Huang, J. Pluta, J. L. Romero, E. Finch, A. Ishihara, V. Morozov, M. Messer, Sevil Salur, Morton Kaplan, S. Margetis, O. A. Grachov, J. G. Ma, B. Surrow, S. U. Pandey, F. Meissner, A. E. Yakutin, C. P. Lansdell, R. Wells, R.J.M. Snellings, P. Seyboth, D. Hardtke, R. D. Majka, Sergey Voloshin, K. J. Foley, G. Van Buren, A. P. Meschanin, N.D. Gagunashvili, A. Bravar, J. Sowinski, R. K. Kutuev, P. Fachini, R. E. Tribble, J. Schambach, Gerald W Hoffmann, H. M. Spinka, T. W. Ludlam, T. W. Henry, J. Baudot, I. Sakrejda, J. M. Nelson, Y. V. Zanevski, N. Schmitz, E. Shahaliev, I. Zborovský, W. Peryt, M. Lopez-Noriega, M. M. de Moura, Y. Fisyak, Ian Johnson, M. L. Miller, D. Seliverstov, A. Schüttauf, M. Guedon, A. M. VanderMolen, Michael A. Thompson, P. Szarwas, V. V. Belaga, Peter Martin Jacobs, Michal Sumbera, G. Renault, M. A. C. Lamont, S. B. Nurushev, Z. Milosevich, C. Suire, P. Chaloupka, V. Faine, J. Castillo, P. Sorensen, S. W. Wissink, Peter Graham Jones, L. Didenko, Jinghui Yang, S. R. Klein, O. Barannikova, D. L. Olson, A. A. Derevschikov, D. Thein, H. Long, M. Kopytine, M. Tokarev, M.M. Corral, H. H. Wieman, S. V. Razin, L. Gaudichet, J. Kiryluk, Jay Roberts, C. L. Kunz, F. Laue, A. Szanto de Toledo, C. F. Moore, T. Pawlak, J. C. Dunlop, J. Porter, Zubayer Ahammed, M. J. LeVine, R. Willson, D. G. Underwood, L. S. Schroeder, R. Witt, J. Fu, B. K. Srivastava, I. M. Vasilevski, T. J. Hallman, J. Gans, T. J. M. Symons, Boris Hippolyte, J. Berger, V. B. Dunin, C. O. Blyth, B. Norman, J. Engelage, John N. Wood, J. M. Landgraf, M. Strikhanov, Christina Markert, J. Sandweiss, and Z. Liu
Subjects: Quark, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Strange quark, Antiparticle, Particle physics, STAR, Hyperon, Strangeness, Baryochemical potential, Nuclear physics, Baryon, Relativistic heavy-ion collisions, Antibaryon-to-baryon ratios, Rapidity, Nucleon
Abstract: Values of the ratios in the mid-rapidity yields of Λ / Λ =0.71±0.01( stat. )±0.04( sys. ) , Ξ + / Ξ − =0.83±0.04( stat. )±0.05( sys. ) , Ω + / Ω − =0.95±0.15( stat. )±0.05( sys. ) and K + /K − =1.092±0.023(combined) were obtained in central s NN =130 GeV Au+Au collisions using the STAR detector. The ratios indicate that a fraction of the net-baryon number from the initial system is present in the excess of hyperons over antihyperons at mid-rapidity. The trend in the progression of the baryon ratios, with increasing strange quark content, is similar to that observed in heavy-ion collisions at lower energies. The value of these ratios may be related to the charged kaon ratio in the framework of simple quark-counting and thermal models.
Published: 2003

23. Strangeness in Au$plus$Au collisions at $\surd$sNN $equal$ 130 GeV observed with the STAR detector

Author: Y. Fisyak, A. Ogawa, Ian Johnson, Christophe Pierre Suire, A. H. Tang, P. Seyboth, Guy Paic, A. Chikanian, S. S. Shimanskii, A. Ridiger, K. Schweda, G. Eppley, A. Stolpovsky, H. Hümmler, Marie Germain, T. S. McShane, M. Šumbera, J. Pluta, V. Ghazikhanian, R. S. Longacre, Michael A. Thompson, L. Kotchenda, C. Struck, A. A.P. Suaide, S. Heppelmann, D. Flierl, A. I. Pavlinov, B. E. Bonner, J. L. Romero, O. D. Tsai, L. Lakehal-Ayat, G. Van Buren, J. Takahashi, J. W. Watson, L. Martin, F. Liu, M. B. Tonjes, A. N. Zubarev, G. Igo, A. Boucham, R. E. Tribble, Gerald W Hoffmann, S. Lee Barnby, M. Castro, Torre Wenaus, R. K. Kutuev, V. Morozov, M. Messer, V. Grigoriev, Q. Li, J. Grabski, K. Krueger, V. S. Shvetcov, Q. J. Liu, C. A. Whitten, Thomas A. Trainor, J. Berger, J. E. Draper, V. Faine, R. L. Ray, J. Castillo, E. Potrebenikova, J. M. Nelson, D. Hardtke, P. Fachini, A. M. van der Molen, S. Bekele, W. Peryt, R. D. Majka, R. V. Cadman, S. W. Wissink, E. Finch, Frank Jm Geurts, B. Choi, B. D. Anderson, J. N. Marx, A. P. Meschanin, C. E. Allgower, V. V. Belaga, J. Fu, B. K. Srivastava, I. M. Vasilevski, Alexander Kovalenko, J. Sowinski, J. Schambach, T. Ljubicic, H. Caines, W. S. Deng, J. P. Coffin, O. V. Rogachevski, V. Perevoztchikov, K. Filimonov, L. V. Nogach, V. L. Rykov, M. Cherney, A. Ishihara, V. B. Dunin, W. Christie, J. Gans, P. Sorensen, S. Lange, E. Sugarbaker, Thomas Michael Cormier, V. Trofimov, Peter Graham Jones, A. I. Kulikov, S. J. Lindenbaum, Yu Chen, H. Z. Huang, Boris Hippolyte, Masashi Kaneta, R. Wells, Morton Kaplan, W. M. Zhang, Andrey Vasiliev, J. Balewski, J. G. Cramer, P. Nevski, Sergey Panitkin, J. C. Dunlop, Claude Andre Pruneau, Sergey Voloshin, L. Didenko, F. Meissner, D. Seliverstov, A. Schüttauf, Jinghui Yang, T. Ullrich, G. lo Curto, Janet Elizabeth Seger, R. Zoulkarneev, K. J. Foley, L. C. Bland, Peter Martin Jacobs, Subhasis Chattopadhyay, Zubayer Ahammed, M. Kramer, K. Turner, M. Guedon, M. J. LeVine, S. Radomski, S. R. Klein, Y. Panebratsev, T. J. Humanic, C. Roy, S. U. Pandey, A. E. Yakutin, O. Barannikova, D. L. Olson, I.A. Savin, N. T. Porile, J. W. Harris, R. P. Scharenberg, G. Rai, M. A. C. Lamont, S. B. Nurushev, Z. Milosevich, Mingshui Chen, F. Retiere, A. Klyachko, A. A. Derevschikov, A. Lebedev, S. Margetis, N. Schmitz, H. S. Matis, A. C. Saulys, F. Laue, Yu A. Matulenko, M. Horsley, E. Gushin, G. J. Kunde, Vladimir Tikhomirov, N. G. Minaev, Vladimir Petrov, E. Shahaliev, P. Yepes, V. Eckardt, O. A. Grachov, A. Szanto de Toledo, B. Stringfellow, Z. J. Xu, S. P. Chernenko, L. S. Schroeder, E. G. Judd, Adam Ryszard Kisiel, N. Xu, W. J. Llope, S. Trentalange, J. Baudot, S. V. Razin, E. Hjort, L. Gaudichet, H. J. Crawford, A. Cardenas, J. Kiryluk, N.D. Gagunashvili, Y. V. Zanevski, T. Pawlak, G. D. Westfall, J. Carroll, W. W. Jacobs, Jay Roberts, Malgorzata Anna Janik, J. Porter, B. Lasiuk, C. L. Kunz, M. Lopez-Noriega, H. Long, C. F. Moore, C. P. Lansdell, R.J.M. Snellings, R. Witt, R. Willson, A. Tai, D. G. Underwood, J. Amonett, G. Skoro, M. Heffner, J. Klay, M. Oldenburg, V. Emelianov, D. Keane, D. Reichhold, R. Lednický, Nikolai Smirnov, R. Stock, J. Mitchell, L. G. Efimov, T. J. Hallman, T. J. M. Symons, Yu. Ivanshin, V. A. Nikitin, H. Ward, A. S. Hirsch, M. de la Calderón Barca Sánchez, A. A. Kuznetsov, L. Liu, P. Kravtsov, V. M. Leontiev, Olivier Ravel, C. Adler, K. E. Shestermanov, H. G. Ritter, R. Bellwied, Jeffrey G. Reid, A. S. Konstantinov, B. Erazmus, D. Cebra, Yu Melnick, V. A. Moiseenko, Marcelo Gameiro Munhoz, D. J. Prindle, A. V. Brandin, H. Zhang, E. J. Stephenson, M. A. Lisa, H. M. Spinka, J. H. Thomas, H. Bichsel, S. E. Vigdor, G. Odyniec, G. S. Averichev, Christian Claude Kuhn, Matthew J. Anderson, David Lynn, Lee Stuart Barnby, C. O. Blyth, A. M. Poskanzer, W. A. Love, B. Norman, I. Sakrejda, Vitaly Okorokov, M. Tokarev, H. H. Wieman, J. Engelage, John N. Wood, J. M. Landgraf, M. M. de Moura, M. Strikhanov, M. L. Miller, Christina Markert, J. Sandweiss, Z. Liu, P. Szarwas, E. Yamamoto, C. A. Gagliardi, T. Herston, Fuqiang Wang, V. I. Yurevich, and I. Zborovský
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, Strangeness production, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Strangeness, Spectral line, Nuclear physics, Baryon, Transverse plane, Pion, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, STAR detector
Abstract: The STAR detector has made a variety of measurements of strange and other hadronic species in Au+Au collisions at s N N = 130 GeV. A comparison of kaon and pion production enables an examination of the systematics of strangeness production with energy by comparing them to lower energy collisions. Anti-baryon to baryon ratios indicate a much reduced net-baryon density and transverse momentum spectra show that a picture of transverse expansion seems appropriate.
Published: 2002

24. Neutral strange particle dynamics in Au $plus$ Au collisions at AGS energies

Author: P Chung for the E895 Collaboration, J M Alexander, N N Ajitanand, M Anderson, D Best, F P Brady, T Case, W Caskey, D Cebra, J L Chance, P Chung, B Cole, K Crowe, A C Das, J E Draper, M L Gilkes, S Gushue, M Heffner, A S Hirsch, E L Hjort, L Huo, M Justice, M Kaplan, D Keane, J C Kintner, J Klay, D Krofcheck, Roy A Lacey, J Lauret, M A Lisa, H Liu, Y M Liu, R McGrath, Z Milosevich, G Odyniec, D L Olson, S Panitkin, C Pinkenburg, N T Porile, G Rai, H G Ritter, J L Romero, R Scharenberg, L Schroeder, B Srivastava, N T B Stone, T J M Symons, J Whitfield, T Wienold, R Witt, L Wood, and W N Zhang
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Strange quark, Space time, Gaussian, Dynamics (mechanics), Magnitude (mathematics), Scattering length, Radius, Nuclear physics, symbols.namesake, Pion, symbols, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The E895 Collaboration has investigated a number of mixed-particle correlations involving neutral strange particles (K0s and Λ) in 2, 4, 6 and 8 A GeV Au + Au collisions at the AGS. The first measurements for pΛ correlations indicate a correlation magnitude of about 50% with a 26 MeV width. Detailed comparisons between data and theory suggest an emitting source with an effective Gaussian radius close to 4.5 fm. This radius is much larger than the value of 2.8 fm predicted by the relativistic transport code ART. Pairs of pK0, π−Λ and π−K0 are found to display essentially zero correlation at 6 A GeV. The latter observations are not unexpected considering that the proton–K0 interaction has a very small scattering length and there are no very well known interactions between pions and Λs or K0s.
Published: 2002

25. Ion channel expression patterns in glioblastoma stem cells with functional and therapeutic implications for malignancy

Author: Sonali Arora, Karan G. Rai, Jun Zhu, Cory C. Funk, Nathan D. Price, Robert C. Rostomily, Patrick J. Paddison, Jan-Marino Ramirez, Julia Pollak, and Eunjee Lee
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Potassium Channels, Physiology, lcsh:Medicine, Gene mutation, Biochemistry, Ion Channels, Transcriptome, Database and Informatics Methods, Animal Cells, Medicine and Health Sciences, Cluster Analysis, Blastomas, Enzyme assays, Small interfering RNAs, Colorimetric assays, lcsh:Science, Neurological Tumors, Bioassays and physiological analysis, Neurons, Regulation of gene expression, Gene knockdown, education.field_of_study, MTT assay, Multidisciplinary, Brain Neoplasms, Physics, Gap Junctions, Genomics, Prognosis, Genomic Databases, 3. Good health, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Electrophysiology, Nucleic acids, Treatment Outcome, Oncology, Neurology, Gene Knockdown Techniques, Physical Sciences, Neoplastic Stem Cells, Cellular Types, Stem cell, Signal Transduction, Research Article, endocrine system, Cell Survival, Population, Biophysics, Neurophysiology, Antineoplastic Agents, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Cell Line, Tumor, Genetics, Humans, Non-coding RNA, education, Ion channel, Gene Expression Profiling, lcsh:R, Biology and Life Sciences, Proteins, Cancers and Neoplasms, Computational Biology, Cell Biology, Genome Analysis, Survival Analysis, Gene regulation, Research and analysis methods, Gene expression profiling, Biological Databases, 030104 developmental biology, Cellular Neuroscience, Biochemical analysis, Immunology, Cancer research, RNA, lcsh:Q, Gene expression, Glioblastoma, Glioblastoma Multiforme, Neuroscience
Abstract: Ion channels and transporters have increasingly recognized roles in cancer progression through the regulation of cell proliferation, migration, and death. Glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs) are a source of tumor formation and recurrence in glioblastoma multiforme, a highly aggressive brain cancer, suggesting that ion channel expression may be perturbed in this population. However, little is known about the expression and functional relevance of ion channels that may contribute to GSC malignancy. Using RNA sequencing, we assessed the enrichment of ion channels in GSC isolates and non-tumor neural cell types. We identified a unique set of GSC-enriched ion channels using differential expression analysis that is also associated with distinct gene mutation signatures. In support of potential clinical relevance, expression of selected GSC-enriched ion channels evaluated in human glioblastoma databases of The Cancer Genome Atlas and Ivy Glioblastoma Atlas Project correlated with patient survival times. Finally, genetic knockdown as well as pharmacological inhibition of individual or classes of GSC-enriched ion channels constrained growth of GSCs compared to normal neural stem cells. This first-in-kind global examination characterizes ion channels enriched in GSCs and explores their potential clinical relevance to glioblastoma molecular subtypes, gene mutations, survival outcomes, regional tumor expression, and experimental responses to loss-of-function. Together, the data support the potential biological and therapeutic impact of ion channels on GSC malignancy and provide strong rationale for further examination of their mechanistic and therapeutic importance.
Published: 2017

26. Comparison of the efficacy of carboxymethylcellulose 0.5%, hydroxypropyl-guar containing polyethylene glycol 400/propylene glycol, and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose 0.3% tear substitutes in improving ocular surface disease index in cases of dry eye

Author: Sapna Raghuwanshi, Rajesh Pattebahadur, Ashish Chauhan, Vaishali G Rai, and Prafulla K. Maharana
Subjects: Adult, Male, 030213 general clinical medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Artificial tear, Administration, Ophthalmic, Polyethylene glycol, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, Polyvinyl alcohol, Lubricant Eye Drops, Polyethylene Glycols, dry eye, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Hypromellose Derivatives, 0302 clinical medicine, Polysaccharides, Ophthalmology, PEG ratio, medicine, Humans, carboxymethylcellulose, Ocular Surface Disease Index, Retrospective Studies, Hydroxypropyl guar, business.industry, technology, industry, and agriculture, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Propylene Glycol, Drug Combinations, Artificial tears, Treatment Outcome, chemistry, Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium, Tears, Methyl cellulose, Baseline characteristics, polyethylene glycol, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, Dry Eye Syndromes, Female, Original Article, Ophthalmic Solutions, business
Abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the efficacy of carboxymethylcellulose 0.5% (CMC), hydroxypropyl-guar containing polyethylene glycol 400/propylene glycol (PEG/PG), and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 0.3% (HPMC) as tear substitutes in patients with dry eye. METHODS: A retrospective evaluation of cases presenting with symptoms of dry eye from July 2014 to June 2015 was done. Patients with Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) scoring >12 were included in the study. Parameters such as age, gender, Schirmer test (ST), and tear film breakup time (TBUT) were recorded on day 0, week 1, and week 4. For analysis, cases were divided into three groups; Group 1 – CMC, Group 2 – PEG/PG, and Group 3 – HPMC. RESULTS: Overall, 120 patients were included in the study. Demographic data and baseline characteristics were comparable among the groups. Group 2 had significant improvement in percentage change in OSDI (weeks 0–1, 0–4, and 1–4, P = 0.00), TBUT (weeks 0–1, P = 0.01; 0–4, P = 0.006; and 1–4, P = 0.007), and in ST (weeks 0–1, P = 0.02; 0–4, P = 0.002; and 1–4, P = 0.008) compared to Group 1 at all follow-ups. Group 3 had improvements similar to Group 2, but it was not at all follow-ups (improvement in percentage change OSDI [weeks 0–1, 0–4, and 1–4, P = 0.00], TBUT [weeks 0–1, P = 0.10; 0–4, P = 0.03; and 1–4, P = 0.04], and in ST [weeks 0–1, P = 0.007; 0–4, P = 0.03; and 1–4, P = 0.12]). No significant difference was found between Groups 2 and 3. CONCLUSIONS: Hydroxypropyl-guar containing PEG/PG and HPMC as tear substitutes are better than CMC. While HPMC was comparable to PEG/PG in subjective improvement, the objective improvement was not consistent.
Published: 2017

27. A new inner vertex detector for STAR

Author: P. Nevski, G. Rai, S. Kleinfelder, H. S. Matis, H. Wieman, Nikolai Smirnov, and F. Bieser
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Resolution (electron density), Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Vertex detector, Star (graph theory), Instrumentation, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: We report on design considerations for a new inner vertex detector for the STAR experiment at RHIC. A brief description of the STAR experiment and motivation for a high resolution vertex detector are presented.
Published: 2001

28. Midrapidity Antiproton-to-Proton Ratio fromAu+AuCollisions atsNN=130GeV

Author: Sergey Voloshin, J. Engelage, K. J. Foley, R. S. Longacre, J. M. Landgraf, M. Strikhanov, N. Xu, C. Roy, J. Sandweiss, G. D. Westfall, J. Baudot, B. Erazmus, J. Castillo, Y. V. Zanevski, Malgorzata Anna Janik, G. Igo, J. Carroll, D. M. Moltz, S. W. Wissink, A. A. Kuznetsov, C. O. Blyth, B. Norman, A. Klyachko, A. Maliszewski, H. M. Spinka, V. M. Leontiev, Olivier Ravel, R. Wells, V. A. Nikitin, K. Turner, T. Ullrich, D.E. Greiner, A. C. Saulys, K. E. Shestermanov, D. Cebra, Y. Fisyak, P. Fachini, A. Ogawa, Ian Johnson, V. S. Shvetcov, C. A. Whitten, Z. Z. Xu, T. J.M. Symons, E. Platner, A. Stolpovsky, H. Hümmler, W. Pinganaud, Jay Roberts, P. Leszczynski, S. Lange, T. Herston, S. J. Lindenbaum, Adam Ryszard Kisiel, P. Seyboth, Lee Stuart Barnby, Yu Melnick, L. Kotchenda, W. Christie, Vladimir Tikhomirov, S. Y. Panitkin, R. Bossingham, M. Lopez-Noriega, H. J. Crawford, J. G. Cramer, C. L. Kunz, B. Choi, A. Szanto de Toledo, C. F. Moore, H. G. Ritter, M. Castro, J. Lamas-Valverde, N. Schmitz, A. I. Kulikov, Matthew J. Anderson, R. Bellwied, A. S. Konstantinov, H. Bichsel, G. Odyniec, V. Trofimov, A. P. Meschanin, K. Krueger, Alexander Kovalenko, L. V. Nogach, R. Witt, E. Yamamoto, J. H. Thomas, L. Conin, G. Skoro, A. A.P. Suaide, Christophe Pierre Suire, Masashi Kaneta, M. Heffner, W. M. Zhang, Andrey Vasiliev, J. C. Dunlop, S. Radomski, S. Trentalange, C. E. Allgower, Zubayer Ahammed, V. Ghazikhanian, M. J. LeVine, A. H. Tang, W. A. Love, Joakim Nystrand, M. Cherney, John Z. H. Zhang, Thomas Michael Cormier, Vladimir Petrov, E. G. Judd, P. Nevski, T. Pawlak, David Lynn, L. Madansky, M. Kramer, G. S. Averichev, S. P. Chernenko, W. J. Llope, T. S. McShane, I. Sakrejda, E. Sugarbaker, A. Cardenas, Janet Elizabeth Seger, H. Z. Huang, D. Russ, Yu Chen, Fuqiang Wang, G. S. Mutchler, C. P. Lansdell, R.J.M. Snellings, J. Porter, L. S. Schroeder, Guy Paic, A. Chikanian, S. S. Shimanskii, J. Mitchell, B. Lasiuk, J. Grabski, A. I. Pavlinov, H. Long, Frank Jm Geurts, M. B. Tonjes, V. Morozov, P. Szarwas, V. I. Yurevich, J. N. Marx, D. Hardtke, F. Laue, R. D. Majka, A. V. Brandin, J. Sowinski, B. K. Srivastava, I. M. Vasilevski, J. Berger, J. Gans, E. Finch, Boris Hippolyte, S. E. Vigdor, V. A. Moiseenko, T. J. Humanic, Christian Claude Kuhn, A. Boucham, Marcelo Gameiro Munhoz, D. J. Prindle, I.A. Savin, N. T. Porile, V. B. Dunin, S. Bekele, E. J. Stephenson, M. A. Lisa, Yu A. Matulenko, M. Horsley, B. Stringfellow, A. Ishihara, R. Willson, D. G. Underwood, A. M. VanderMolen, D. Reichhold, T. J. Hallman, A. M. Poskanzer, A. Vanyashin, M. Tokarev, H. H. Wieman, A. S. Hirsch, P. Kravtsov, C. Adler, C. Struck, J. Takahashi, A. Ridiger, Torre Wenaus, Jeffrey G. Reid, Thomas A. Trainor, Morton Kaplan, R. P. Scharenberg, H. S. Matis, C. A. Ogilvie, W. W. Jacobs, D. Seliverstov, A. Schüttauf, Subhasis Chattopadhyay, Peter Martin Jacobs, S. Heppelmann, S. V. Razin, D. Flierl, H. Ward, M. A. C. Lamont, S. B. Nurushev, Z. Milosevich, L. Martin, G. Van Buren, R. K. Kutuev, J. M. Nelson, H. Stroebele, W. Peryt, J. E. Draper, N.D. Gagunashvili, J. P. Coffin, O. V. Rogachevski, V. Perevoztchikov, Alexander Khodinov, L. C. Bland, S. U. Pandey, A. E. Yakutin, J. W. Harris, E. Gushin, G. J. Kunde, P. Yepes, V. Eckardt, A. Yokosawa, G. Eppley, J. Pluta, Q. Li, Gerald W Hoffmann, Mingshui Chen, Thomas LeCompte, W. S. Deng, S. Margetis, O. A. Grachov, V. Grigoriev, R. L. Ray, E. Potrebenikova, V. V. Belaga, T. Ljubicic, F. Retiere, N. G. Minaev, H. Caines, V. L. Rykov, Peter Graham Jones, L. Didenko, J. Schambach, E. L. Hjort, J. Balewski, M. C. de la Barca Sánchez, A. Lebedev, M. M. de Moura, Marie Germain, Claude Andre Pruneau, Y. Panebratsev, G. Rai, A. N. Zubarev, R. Zoulkarneev, J. Klay, Jinghui Yang, G. LoCurto, S. R. Klein, O. Barannikova, D. L. Olson, M. DeMello, M. Oldenburg, V. Emelianov, A. A. Derevschikov, D. Keane, Nikolai Smirnov, R. Stock, L. G. Efimov, Yu. Ivanshin, B. E. Bonner, O. D. Tsai, and M. I. Ferguson
Subjects: Physics, Range (particle radiation), Particle physics, Proton, General Physics and Astronomy, Baryon, Nuclear physics, Pair production, Antiproton, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Rapidity, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract: We report results on the ratio of mid-rapidity anti-proton to proton yields in Au+Au collisions at $\rts = 130$ GeV per nucleon pair as measured by the STAR experiment at RHIC. Within the rapidity and transverse momentum range of $|y
Published: 2001

29. Directed Flow ofΛHyperons in(2–6)AGeVAu+AuCollisions

Author: M. A. Lisa, S. Y. Panitkin, N. T. B. Stone, H. G. Ritter, L. S. Schroeder, D. Best, David Krofcheck, E. Hjort, T. Wienold, T. Case, D. Keane, P. Chung, N. N. Ajitanand, G. Rai, J. L. Chance, Morton Kaplan, D. Cebra, F. P. Brady, G. Odyniec, S. Gushue, J. Whitfield, Y. M. Liu, Z. Milosevich, R. Witt, M. L. Gilkes, B. K. Srivastava, T. J. M. Symons, J. L. Romero, L. Wood, Brian Cole, Matthew J. Anderson, N. T. Porile, R. P. Scharenberg, J. Lauret, R. L. McGrath, J. M. Alexander, A. C. Das, H. Liu, J. L. Klay, Roy A. Lacey, M. Heffner, A. S. Hirsch, J. E. Draper, W. N. Zhang, M. Justice, Kenneth M. Crowe, D. L. Olson, W. Caskey, J. C. Kintner, Lei Huo, and C. Pinkenburg
Subjects: Nuclear reaction, Physics, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, Hyperon, General Physics and Astronomy, Elementary particle, Lambda baryon, Lambda, Baryon, Nuclear physics, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon
Abstract: Directed flow measurements for {Lambda} hyperons are presented and compared to those for protons produced in the same Au+Au collisions (2A, 4A, and 6AGeV; b
Published: 2001

30. Λ flow and Λ-P correlation in Au + Au collisions at AGS energies

Author: C. Law, A. S. Hirsch, J. Whitfield, F. P. Brady, G. Odyniec, N. N. Ajitanand, J. E. Draper, K.M. Crowe, Lei Huo, W. N. Zhang, J. Lauret, N T B Stone, James Alexander, M. L. Gilkes, L. Wood, H. G. Ritter, Brian Cole, Matthew J. Anderson, J L Chance, M. Heffner, R. P. Scharenberg, A. C. Das, Y. M. Liu, H. Liu, Morton Kaplan, S. Y. Panitkin, Roy A. Lacey, C. Pinkenburg, S Gushue, T. J. M. Symons, E. L. Hjort, M. A. Lisa, M. Justice, D. Cebra, D. L. Olson, W. Caskey, Z. Milosevich, J. C. Kintner, R. Witt, L. S. Schroeder, B. K. Srivastava, D. Keane, P. Chung, G. Rai, T. Case, J. Klay, D. Best, J. L. Romero, David Krofcheck, N. T. Porile, and R. L. McGrath
Subjects: Quark, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Scattering, Nuclear Theory, Hyperon, Magnitude (mathematics), Nuclear physics, Flow ratio, Transverse plane, Flow (mathematics), Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Beam (structure)
Abstract: Transverse and radial flow measurements are presented for Λ hyperons along with Λ-P correlations from Au + Au collisions at AGS energies. The flow measurements are compared with those of co-produced protons. The measurements indicate that Λ hyperons flow consistently in the same direction as protons but with a smaller magnitude for all beam energies. Comparisons with RQMD calculations show that the experimentally determined Λ sideward flow is consistently larger compared with the calculated value obtained from scattering processes only. The experimental transverse flow ratio Λ/P is consistent with predictions ( 2/3) of the quark counting rule at 2 A GeV but is found to decrease with increasing beam energy. These observations may be related to the detailed features of the Λ-nucleon potential for the nuclear densities produced. At 6 A GeV, Λp correlation functions are observed to be essentially flat (within statistical uncertainty), indicating little or no correlation between Λs and co-produced protons. This suggests that Λs may have a spacetime emission pattern which is different from that for protons. Further evidence from radial flow measurements also indicates that 6 A GeV Λ hyperons (at mid-rapidity) do not share the same emitting source characteristics as co-produced protons.
Published: 2001

31. Elliptic Flow inAu+AuCollisions at√sNN=130GeV

Author: N. Stone, Christophe Pierre Suire, A. Lebedev, B. Miller, M. M. de Moura, M. Dialinas, P. Middlekamp, J. Scheblien, V. Ghazikhanian, A. Etkin, A. H. Tang, A. P. Meschanin, R.Kh. Kutuev, J. Berger, J. L. Romero, V. Fine, J. Engelage, T. J. Humanic, Peter J. Lindstrom, D. Zimmerman, I.A. Savin, N. T. Porile, Yu A. Matulenko, M. Horsley, Thomas LeCompte, B. Stringfellow, J. Sedlmeir, L. Smykov, E. Finch, T. S. McShane, J. W. Harris, Joakim Nystrand, V. B. Dunin, J. Grabski, P. Seyboth, D. Dayton, C. J. Liaw, R. Bossingham, J. N. Marx, C. Drancourt, S. Tonse, W. S. Deng, J. G. Cramer, R. A. Scheetz, A. Stolpovsky, H. Hümmler, L. Kotchenda, G. Koehler, E. Gushin, G. J. Kunde, P. Yepes, V. Eckardt, M. Kramer, A. I. Pavlinov, Y. Panebratsev, D. Grosnick, Granville Ott, G. Eppley, A. V. Brandin, V. Trofimov, J. M. Landgraf, M. Strikhanov, K. Krueger, M. B. Tonjes, E. I. Shakaliev, A. Yokosawa, Jinghui Yang, E. Sugarbaker, J. Hunter, H. Z. Huang, V. Morozov, A. Tarchini, S. V. Razin, K. Wilson, G. Rai, Y. Shi, G. Van Buren, J. M. Nelson, P. A. DeYoung, J. Pluta, C. Roy, H. Stroebele, J. Carroll, C. Byrd, N. Xu, G. D. Westfall, D. Padrazo, R. Wells, C. Struck, W. Pinganaud, D. Hardtke, F. Laue, J.F. Amsbaugh, Jay Roberts, N. Adams, David Fritz, J. Sandweiss, G. LoCurto, A. C. Saulys, S. R. Klein, C. E. Allgower, R. D. Majka, J. Zhu, Sergey Voloshin, J. Sowinski, Matthew Nguyen, W. Peryt, J. Takahashi, J. Wolf, C. Feliciano, Y. Fisyak, L. Greiner, K. J. Foley, J. Schambach, E. L. Hjort, S. Pirogov, A. Ogawa, Ian Johnson, Krista M. Marks, S. E. Vigdor, Vladimir Petrov, C. L. Kunz, Z. Li, O. Barannikova, D. L. Olson, F. P. Brady, Gerald W Hoffmann, S. P. Chernenko, D. Seliverstov, A. Schüttauf, Christian Claude Kuhn, W. J. Llope, Q. Li, C. O. Blyth, C. F. Moore, M. Cherney, H. Fessler, W. Christie, Thomas Michael Cormier, D.E. Greiner, T. Krupien, Torre Wenaus, Masashi Kaneta, Ross Schlueter, W. M. Zhang, Andrey Vasiliev, D. Hill, Richard C. Jared, M. Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, R. Weidenbach, T. Nguyen, A. Cardenas, Peter Martin Jacobs, N. Schmitz, S. Chatopadhyay, P. Nevski, M. Lopez-Noriega, A. Klyachko, R. Witt, E. Yamamoto, J. Klay, Thomas A. Trainor, W. R. Edwards, P. Sappenfield, N.D. Gagunashvili, J. Baudot, E. A. Matyushevski, P. Kuczewski, J. C. Dunlop, A. A. Derevschikov, K. Olchanski, V. I. Danilov, C. P. Lansdell, Wilfred J. Braithwaite, E. Mogavero, R.J.M. Snellings, Janet Elizabeth Seger, J. Lin, M. A. C. Lamont, S. B. Nurushev, Z. Milosevich, B. Lasiuk, J. Wisdom, Y. V. Zanevski, F. Retiere, W. Hunt, V. Kormilitsyne, D. Russ, B. E. Bonner, J. T.M. Chrin, G. S. Mutchler, H. Diaz, J. R. Hall, Zubayer Ahammed, G. A. Ososkov, M. J. LeVine, B. Norman, J. Gross, H. Long, K. Bradley, Yu Chen, Wen-Chang Chen, N. G. Minaev, O. D. Tsai, R. P. Scharenberg, Marie Germain, R. Seymour, M. A. Howe, B. Choi, R. Marstaller, W. Betts, Vladimir Tikhomirov, Salahuddin Ahmad, I. Polk, H. S. Matis, G. C. Harper, A. S. Hirsch, P. Kravtsov, A. Maliszewski, Alexander Kovalenko, L. V. Nogach, L. C. Bland, S. Bennett, H. J. Crawford, I. Vakula, C. Adler, F. S. Bieser, L. Wood, A. N. Zubarev, C. A. Ogilvie, G. Brugalette, V. S. Shvetcov, L. S. Schroeder, J. Meier, H. Liu, S. U. Pandey, A. E. Yakutin, I. Flores, Morton Kaplan, V. Perevotchikov, C. A. Whitten, M. Pentia, Marek Gazdzicki, L. Lakehal-Ayat, D. Lopiano, S. Trentalange, A. Ridiger, W. W. Jacobs, M. I. Ferguson, J. Lamas-Valverde, C. Gojak, M. Botlo, Guy Paic, I. Sakrejda, T. Ngo, E. Platner, B. Minor, V. Lindenstruth, V. A. Nikitin, S. Heppelmann, D. Flierl, Ma Bloomer, John Z. H. Zhang, A. Chikanian, S. S. Shimanskii, J. Mitchell, E. G. Judd, L. Martin, Jeffrey G. Reid, B. K. Srivastava, I. M. Vasilevski, K. E. Shestermanov, V. V. Belaga, Lincoln D. Carr, J. Gans, S. Lange, L. Arnold, Boris Hippolyte, G. Skoro, M. Heffner, J. E. Draper, J. Puskar-Pasewicz, R. Morse, V. Grigoriev, J. P. Coffin, O. V. Rogachevski, N. Bouillo, M. DeMello, S. J. Lindenbaum, N. Mikhalin, A. Boucham, H. Ward, M. Oldenburg, Peter Graham Jones, R. L. Ray, V. Emelianov, D. Keane, A. R. Baldwin, A. A. P. Suaide, L. Didenko, Damien Bonnet, Nikolai Smirnov, R. Stock, S. Y. Panitkin, E. Potrebenikova, W. J. Leonhardt, S. Bekele, S. Bouvier, V. P. Kenney, L. G. Efimov, Frank Jm Geurts, Yu. Ivanshin, J. Castillo, S. W. Wissink, R. L. Brown, W. Dominik, P. Jensen, A. Ishihara, T. Ljubicic, Alexander Khodinov, Robert Stone, M. Tokarev, G. Guilloux, Robert R. J. Maier, D. DiMassimo, E. Anderssen, A. M. VanderMolen, H. H. Wieman, H. Caines, S. Jacobson, D. Shuman, R. Willson, D. G. Underwood, J. Wirth, D. Reichhold, T. J. Hallman, T. J. M. Symons, K. Turner, A. Szanto de Toledo, A. M. Poskanzer, J. Tarzian, P. He, K. Solberg, T. Pawlak, A. Vanyashin, Z. Sandler, B. Caylor, R. S. Longacre, V. L. Rykov, J. Porter, G. Igo, J. Seyboth, P. Fachini, D. D. Weerasundara, Mingshui Chen, M. Grau, S. Margetis, O. A. Grachov, M. Schulz, J. R. Lutz, Rainer Arno Ernst Renfordt, J. Balewski, H. G. Ritter, Claude Andre Pruneau, H. Arnesen, R. Zoulkarneev, R. Bellwied, A. S. Konstantinov, K. H. Ackermann, D. M. Moltz, A. A. Kuznetsov, Ivan Kotov, T. Noggle, V. M. Leontiev, Olivier Ravel, J. Whitfield, T. Ullrich, D. Roehrich, B. Erazmus, Z. Z. Xu, D. Cebra, C. Consiglio, M. Beddo, Yu Melnick, P. Leszczynski, J. Bercovitz, T. Herston, J. Riso, Lee Stuart Barnby, V. A. Moiseenko, Marcelo Gameiro Munhoz, D. J. Prindle, E. J. Stephenson, M. A. Lisa, W. A. Love, T. Nussbaum, Daniel Ferenc, Fuqiang Wang, H. Bichsel, G. Odyniec, V. I. Yurevich, E. S. Braithwaite, J. Boehm, T. Eggert, David Lynn, L. Madansky, R. Sanchez, J. Dioguardi, J. H. Thomas, L. Conin, G. Visser, G. S. Averichev, C. P. McParland, H. M. Spinka, J. Rasson, Chinh Vu, and Matthew J. Anderson
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, Time projection chamber, Hadron, Elliptic flow, General Physics and Astronomy, Observable, Particle accelerator, Charged particle, law.invention, Nuclear physics, law, Pseudorapidity, Nuclear Experiment, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
Abstract: Elliptic flow from nuclear collisions is a hadronic observable sensitive to the early stages of system evolution. We report first results on elliptic flow of charged particles at midrapidity in Au+Au collisions at √(sNN) = 130 GeV using the STAR Time Projection Chamber at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The elliptic flow signal, v₂, averaged over transverse momentum, reaches values of about 6% for relatively peripheral collisions and decreases for the more central collisions. This can be interpreted as the observation of a higher degree of thermalization than at lower collision energies. Pseudorapidity and transverse momentum dependence of elliptic flow are also presented.
Published: 2001

32. Hadronic flow in 2–8 AGeV Au+Au collisions

Author: G. Rai
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Flow (mathematics), Dispersion (optics), Hadron, Transport theory, Quantum molecular dynamics
Published: 2001

33. Semi-inclusiveΛandKSProduction inp-Au Collisions at17.5GeV/c

Author: M. Moulson, Kenneth Francis Read, L. P. Remsberg, G. Rai, R. A. Soltz, Yanxi Zhang, R. L. McGrath, M. Rosati, Saskia Mioduszewski, D. Winter, H. Hiejima, A. D. Frawley, W. A. Zajc, M. L. Gilkes, S. P. Sorensen, M. N. Namboodiri, V. Cianciolo, Ju Hwan Kang, Y. Torun, Brian Cole, J. H. Thomas, E. P. Hartouni, S. Gushue, Richard C. Fernow, Yongcheol Shin, D. P. Morrison, N. Maeda, I. Chemakin, Xiaodong Yang, H.G. Kirk, and M. Justice
Subjects: Physics, Meson, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, Strangeness production, Multiplicity (mathematics), Strangeness, Lambda, Lambda baryon, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Baryon, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics
Abstract: The first detailed measurements of the centrality dependence of strangeness production in p-A collisions are presented. {lambda} and K{sub S} dn/dy distributions from 17.5 GeV/c p-Au collisions are shown as a function of ''grey'' track multiplicity and the estimated number of collisions, {nu}, made by the proton. The {nu} dependence of the {Lambda} yield deviates from a scaling of p-p data by the number of participants, increasing faster than this scaling for {nu} {le} 5 and saturating for larger {nu}. A slower growth in K{sub S} multiplicity with {nu} is observed, consistent with a weaker {nu} dependence of KK-bar production than YK production.
Published: 2000

34. Antiflow ofKs0Mesons in6AGeVAu+AuCollisions

Author: James Alexander, E. Hjort, A. S. Hirsch, T. Case, H. G. Ritter, F. P. Brady, G. Odyniec, J. L. Romero, N. T. Porile, M. A. Lisa, Kenneth M. Crowe, H. Liu, N. T. B. Stone, Brian Cole, Matthew J. Anderson, L. S. Schroeder, R. L. McGrath, R. P. Scharenberg, R. Witt, A. C. Das, W. N. Zhang, N. N. Ajitanand, B. K. Srivastava, J. Lauret, J. L. Klay, Roy A. Lacey, M. Justice, M. Heffner, Lei Huo, S. Gushue, M. L. Gilkes, J. Whitfield, T. Wienold, S. Y. Panitkin, C. Pinkenburg, Morton Kaplan, L. Wood, J. L. Chance, D. Cebra, J. E. Draper, Z. Milosevich, D. L. Olson, W. Caskey, Y. M. Liu, T. J. M. Symons, G. Rai, D. Keane, P. Chung, D. Best, David Krofcheck, and J. C. Kintner
Subjects: Nuclear reaction, Physics, Range (particle radiation), Meson, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, Elementary particle, Nuclear matter, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, Impact parameter, 010306 general physics, Boson
Abstract: We have measured the sideward flow of neutral strange (K{sup 0}{sub s} ) mesons in 6A GeV Au +Au collisions. A prominent antiflow signal is observed for an impact parameter range (b(less-or-similar sign)7 fm ) which spans central and midcentral events. Since the K{sup 0}{sub s} scattering cross section is relatively small in nuclear matter, this observation suggests that the in-medium kaon vector potential plays an important role in high density nuclear matter. (c) 2000 The American Physical Society.
Published: 2000

35. Sideward Flow inAu+AuCollisions between2Aand8AGeV

Author: H. Liu, N. N. Ajitanand, J. Alexander, M. Anderson, D. Best, F. P. Brady, T. Case, W. Caskey, D. Cebra, J. Chance, B. Cole, K. Crowe, A. Das, J. Draper, M. Gilkes, S. Gushue, M. Heffner, A. Hirsch, E. Hjort, L. Huo, M. Justice, M. Kaplan, D. Keane, J. Kintner, J. Klay, D. Krofcheck, R. Lacey, M. A. Lisa, Y. M. Liu, R. McGrath, Z. Milosevich, G. Odyniec, D. Olson, S. Y. Panitkin, N. Porile, G. Rai, H. G. Ritter, J. Romero, R. Scharenberg, L. S. Schroeder, B. Srivastava, N. T. B. Stone, T. J. M. Symons, S. Wang, J. Whitfield, T. Wienold, R. Witt, L. Wood, X. Yang, W. N. Zhang, and Y. Zhang
Subjects: Physics, Azimuth, Nuclear physics, Range (particle radiation), Time projection chamber, Flow (mathematics), Orientation (geometry), General Physics and Astronomy, Nuclear Experiment, Anisotropy, Fourier series, Beam (structure)
Abstract: Using the large acceptance Time Projection Chamber of experiment E895 at Brookhaven, measurements of collective sideward flow in Au+Au collisions at beam energies of 2A, 4A, 6A, and 8A GeV are presented in the form of in-plane transverse momentum and the first Fourier coefficient of azimuthal anisotropy v(1). These measurements indicate a smooth variation of sideward flow as a function of beam energy. The data are compared with four nuclear transport models which have an orientation towards this energy range. All four exhibit some qualitative trends similar to those found in the data, although none show a consistent pattern of agreement within experimental uncertainties.
Published: 2000

36. Bombarding Energy Dependence ofπ−Interferometry at the Brookhaven AGS

Author: G. Odyniec, S. Gushue, E. Hjort, D. Best, T. Case, W. N. Zhang, T. J. M. Symons, J. L. Romero, H. G. Ritter, R. P. Scharenberg, David Krofcheck, Y. M. Liu, J. L. Chance, Kenneth M. Crowe, M. L. Gilkes, D. Cebra, A. C. Das, H. Liu, Brian Cole, Matthew J. Anderson, J. L. Klay, Roy A. Lacey, F. P. Brady, J. E. Draper, M. Heffner, J. Whitfield, D. Keane, P. Chung, A. S. Hirsch, J. Lauret, N. N. Ajitanand, M. A. Lisa, J. C. Kintner, G. Rai, S. Y. Panitkin, Russell Wells, J. M. Alexander, R. Witt, L. Wood, B. K. Srivastava, D. L. Olson, W. Caskey, N. T. B. Stone, M. Justice, N. T. Porile, R. L. McGrath, L. S. Schroeder, Lei Huo, C. Pinkenburg, Z. Milosevich, T. Wienold, and Morton Kaplan
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Excitation function, Mean field theory, Reaction dynamics, General Physics and Astronomy, Alternating Gradient Synchrotron, Sensitivity (control systems), Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear matter, Intensity (heat transfer), Energy (signal processing)
Abstract: We present the first excitation function of ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ intensity interferometry at Alternating Gradient Synchrotron (AGS) energies (2--8 A GeV). The sensitivity of the multidimensional correlation functions to the geometry and dynamics of the pion-emitting system provides a stringent test of transport models of heavy ion collisions. Detailed comparisons with a realistic transport model, both with and without an explicit nuclear mean field, suggest that the beam energy evolution in the reaction dynamics is different in the model than in the data. A significantly increased ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ emission time scale, which has been suggested as a signal of the onset of the transition to quark-gluon plasma, is not observed.
Published: 2000

37. The STAR Time Projection Chamber

Author: K.H. Ackermann, N. Adams, C. Adler, M. Aluyshin, M.A. Ananeva, M. Anderson, G. Averichev, A. Bacher, J. Balewski, O. Balrannikova, J. Baudot, S. Bekele, R. Bellwied, S. Bennett, J. Berger, W. Betts, H. Bichsel, F. Bieser, L. Bland, C. Blyth, A. Bogdanov, B.E. Bonner, R. Bossingham, A. Boucham, S. Bouvier, F.P. Brady, E. Braithwaite, W. Braithwaite, R.L. Brown, V. Budilov, C. Byrd, H. Caines, N. Carlin, J. Carroll, D. Cebra, M.-L. Chen, W. Chen, Y. Chen, S. Chernenko, M. Cherney, A. Chikanian, J.T.M. Chrin, W. Christie, J.-P. Coffin, L. Conin, T.M. Cormier, J. Cramer, H.J. Crawford, A. Das, W. Deng, A.A. Derevschikov, L. Didenko, W. Dominik, J.E. Draper, V. Dunin, J. Dunlop, H. Dyke, W.R. Edwards, V. Eckardt, A.V. Efremov, V. Emelianov, J. Engelage, G. Eppley, B. Erazmus, A. Etkin, P. Fachini, V. Faine, M.I. Ferguson, H. Fessler, E. Finch, Y. Fisyak, D. Flierl, K.J. Foley, D. Fritz, N. Gagunashvili, M. Germain, V. Ghazikhanian, M. Gilkes, S. Giliberto, J. Grabski, O. Grachov, D. Greiner, L.C. Greiner, V. Grigoriev, E. Gushin, H. Gutbrod, T.J. Hallman, D. Hardtke, J.W. Harris, M. Heffner, S. Heppelmann, A. Hirsch, E. Hjort, G.W. Hoffmann, M. Horsley, H. Huang, T. Humanic, H. Huemmler, T. Huyck, G.J. Igo, Yu.I. Ivanshin, P. Jacobs, W. Jacobs, S. Jacobson, R. Jared, P. Jones, E.G. Judd, F. Jundt, M. Kaplan, V. Kaplin, D. Keane, V. Khodyrev, J. Klay, S. Klein, L. Kolobashkina, A. Konstantinov, L. Kotchenda, I. Kotov, M. Kramer, P. Kravtsov, C. Kuhn, G.J. Kunde, R. Kutuev, M. Lamont, J.S. Lange, B. Lasiuk, F. Laue, A. Lebedev, Z. Lee, T. LeCompte, B. Leonhardt, V. Leontiev, null Leszczynski, M.J. LeVine, Q. Li, Z. Li, C.J. Liaw, J. Lin, S.J. Lindenbaum, H. Liu, M. Lisa, A. Ljubicic, W. Llope, G. LoCurto, H. Long, R.S. Longacre, W.A. Love, J.R. Lutz, D. Lynn, L. Madansky, R. Majka, T.M. Makarenko, A. Maliszewski, S. Margetis, K. Marks, L. Martin, J. Marx, H.S. Matis, Yu. Matulenko, T.S. McShane, A. Meshanin, Yu. Melnik, A. Michalon, B. Miller, Z. Milosevich, N. Minaev, R.M. Minor, J. Mitchell, V.A. Moiseenko, D. Moltz, C.F. Moore, M.G. Munhoz, G.S. Mutchler, J.M. Nelson, P. Nevski, V. Nikitin, B. Nilsen, L. Nogach, S. Nurushev, J. Nystrand, G. Odyniec, A. Ogawa, C.A. Ogilvie, V. Okorokov, D. Olson, A. Oltchak, G. Ott, G. Paic, S. Pandey, Y. Panebratsev, S.Y. Panitkin, A. Pavlinov, T. Pawlak, W. Peryt, V. Perevoztchikov, V.A. Petrov, Yu. Petukhov, W. Pinganaud, E. Platner, J. Pluta, N. Porile, J. Porter, A.M. Poskanzer, M. Przewlocki, D. Prindle, E. Potrebenikova, C. Pruneau, G. Rai, O. Ravel, R.L. Ray, D. Razin, S. Razin, J. Reid, F. Retiere, A. Ridiger, J. Riso, H.-G. Ritter, J.B. Roberts, D. Roehrich, O. Rogachevskiy, A. Rollefson, J.L. Romero, C. Roy, M. Runco, D.E. Russ, V. Rykov, I. Sakrejda, P. Saltz, J. Sandweiss, A.C. Saulys, I. Savin, J.J. Schambach, R.P. Scharenberg, N. Schmitz, L.S. Schroeder, A. Schuettauf, M. Schulz, J. Seger, D. Seliverstov, J. Seyboth, P. Seyboth, A. Shalnov, K. Shestermanov, Y. Shi, V.S. Shvetsov, I.N. Silin, N. Smirnoff, R. Snellings, L. Soloviev, J. Sowinski, H.M. Spinka, B. Srivastava, E. Stephenson, R. Stock, M. Strikhanov, B. Stringfellow, H. Stroebele, C. Struck, E. Sugarbaker, C. Suire, A. Sustich, T.J. Symons, E.M. Szanto, A. Szanto de Toledo, J. Takahashi, A. Tang, D. Thein, J.H. Thomas, V. Tikhomirov, V. Tikhonov, M.B. Tonjes, T. Trainor, S. Trentalange, M. Tokarev, V. Trofimov, O. Tsai, C. Tull, K. Turner, T. Ullrich, D.G. Underwood, G. VanBuren, A.M. VanderMolen, A. Vanyashin, A. Vasiliev, I.M. Vasilevski, S. Vigdor, S. Voloshin, C.Q. Vu, F. Wang, H.J. Ward, D. Weerasundra, R. Wells, T. Wenaus, G.D. Westfall, J.P. Whitfield, C. Whitten, H. Wieman, R. Willson, S. Wissink, R. Witt, L. Wood, N. Xu, Z. Xu, A. Yakutin, E. Yamamoto, J. Yang, P. Yepes, A. Yokosawa, V. Yurevich, J. Zhang, W.M. Zhang, N. Zhidkov, D. Zimmerman, R. Zoulkarneev, A. Zubarev, Institut de Recherches Subatomiques (IReS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Cancéropôle du Grand Est-Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and STAR
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Time projection chamber, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Track (disk drive), Resolution (electron density), Observable, Star (graph theory), Engineering physics, 01 natural sciences, Particle identification, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, Stars, 0302 clinical medicine, Optics, [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], 0103 physical sciences, Data analysis, Nuclear Experiment, business, 010306 general physics
Abstract: The STAR Time Projection Chamber was successfully operated during the first RHIC run in 2000. Most of the STAR contributions reported in these proceedings are based on the analysis of data from the TPC. In this article, we show that the performance achieved by the TPC, in terms of track reconstruction, position resolution, and particle identification are well suited for measuring precise and reliable physics observables.
Published: 1999

38. Results from the experiment E895 at the BNL AGS

Author: N. T. Porile, M. A. Lisa, P. Chung, J. L. Romero, S. Y. Panitkin, D. Keane, N T B Stone, Y. M. Liu, G. Rai, Yufeng Zhang, S. Gushue, K. Crowe, R. P. Scharenberg, N.N. Ajitanand, T. Case, J. Klay, Brian Cole, G. Odyniec, D. Best, D. L. Olson, R. L. McGrath, T. Wienold, Morton Kaplan, J. L. Chance, R. Lacey, David Krofcheck, M. Heffner, D. Cebra, J. C. Kintner, C. Pinkenburg, J. Whitfield, L. Wood, W. Caskey, Z. Milosevich, James Alexander, T. J. M. Symons, E. L. Hjort, X. Yang, L. S. Schroeder, Andrew S. Hirsch, M. Anderson, R. Witt, M. Justice, W. N. Zhang, M.L. Gilkes, Hans Georg Ritter, S. Wang, F. P. Brady, B. K. Srivastava, L. Huo, R. Wells, A. C. Das, H. Liu, and J. E. Draper
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Time projection chamber, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector, Observable, Context (language use), Particle identification, Nuclear physics, Nuclear Experiment, Event (particle physics), Beam (structure), Excitation
Abstract: We present some of the latest results from the E895 experiment conducted at the BNL AGS accelerator. Au+Au collisions were recorded by the EOS Time Projection Chamber (TPC) at beam energies of 2, 4, 6, and 8 A GeV. The TPC detector permitted the reconstruction of individual collision events with almost 4π acceptance and good particle identification. This capability allowed E895 to study global observables and two particle correlations with respect to symmetries of the event. Flow excitation functions are examined and discussed in the context of the Nuclear Equation of State.
Published: 1999

39. Elliptic Flow: Transition from Out-of-Plane to In-Plane Emission inAu+AuCollisions

Author: M. L. Gilkes, Wei Zhang, R. Witt, D. Keane, P. Chung, J. Lauret, James Alexander, J. Whitfield, J. L. Chance, S. Y. Panitkin, D. Cebra, N. T. Porile, K. Crowe, R. L. McGrath, Pol Bernard Gossiaux, Pawel Danielewicz, J. C. Kintner, H. G. Ritter, M. Heffner, W. Caskey, L. S. Schroeder, J. L. Romero, G. Rai, A. C. Das, R. P. Scharenberg, H. Liu, M. A. Lisa, Roy A. Lacey, J. Klay, D. Best, N T B Stone, Brian Cole, D. L. Olson, G. Odyniec, C. Law, E. L. Hjort, L. Wood, F. P. Brady, S. Gushue, C. Pinkenburg, T. Case, J. E. Draper, David Krofcheck, M. Justice, Y. M. Liu, T. J. M. Symons, M. Anderson, B. K. Srivastava, L. Huo, Andrew S. Hirsch, N. N. Ajitanand, A. Elmaani, Z. Milosevich, T. Wienold, and Morton Kaplan
Subjects: Physics, Excitation function, Range (particle radiation), Proton, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Nuclear Theory, Elliptic flow, General Physics and Astronomy, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Boltzmann equation, Out of plane, Nuclear physics, Baryon, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Beam (structure)
Abstract: We have measured the proton elliptic flow excitation function for the Au + Au system spanning the beam energy range 2 -- 8 AGeV. The excitation function shows a transition from negative to positive elliptic flow at a beam energy, $E_{tr} \sim$ 4 AGeV. Detailed comparisons with calculations from a relativistic Boltzmann-equation are presented. The comparisons suggest a softening of the nuclear equation of state (EOS) from a stiff form (K \sim 380 MeV) at low beam energies (E_{Beam} \le 2 AGeV) to a softer form (K \sim 210 MeV) at higher energies (E_{Beam} \ge $ 4 AGeV) where the calculated baryon density $ \rho \sim 4 \rho_0$.
Published: 1999

40. Λ hyperons in 2 A GeV Ni + Cu collisions

Author: J. A. Hauger, H. G. Ritter, S. Wang, Salvatore Costa, C. P. McParland, G. Rai, Renato Potenza, Antonio Insolia, J. C. Kintner, D. L. Olson, J. L. Romero, J. O. Rasmussen, B. K. Srivastava, Y. Shao, M. L. Gilkes, Sebastiano Albergo, J. L. Chance, M. A. McMahan, Z. Caccia, D. Cebra, R. P. Scharenberg, M. L. Tincknell, H. S. Matis, E. Hjort, H. Liu, J. Romanski, A. Scott, P. Warren, N. T. Porile, Y. Choi, M. A. Lisa, M. Justice, F. P. Brady, A. S. Hirsch, T. Wienold, R. L. McGrath, A. D. Chacon, D. Keane, D. Weerasundara, James B. Elliott, Cristina Tuve, M. D. Partlan, G.V. Russo, F. S. Bieser, K.L. Wolf, H. H. Wieman, and T. J. M. Symons
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Time projection chamber, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Hyperon, Lambda, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Transverse plane, 0103 physical sciences, Transverse mass, Invariant mass, Multiplicity (chemistry), Impact parameter, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics
Abstract: A sample of Lambda's produced in 2 A*GeV Ni + Cu collisions has been obtained with the EOS Time Projection Chamber at the Bevalac. Low background in the invariant mass distribution allows for the unambiguous demonstration of Lambda directed flow. The transverse mass spectrum at mid-rapidity has the characteristic shoulder-arm shape of particles undergoing radial transverse expansion. A linear dependence of Lambda multiplicity on impact parameter is observed, from which a total Lambda + Sigma^0 production cross section of $112 +/- 24 mb is deduced. Detailed comparisons with the ARC and RVUU models are made.
Published: 1998

41. Strange particle production and an H-dibaryon search in p-A collisions at the AGS

Author: Y. H. Shin, M. Moulson, Kenneth Francis Read, Yufeng Zhang, R.L. McGrath, A. D. Frawley, S. P. Sorensen, M. L. Gilkes, E. P. Hartouni, N. Namboodiri, R. A. Soltz, Ju Hwan Kang, M. Rosati, Harold Kirk, I. Chemakin, Richard C. Fernow, D. Winter, X. Yang, J. H. Thomas, N. Maeda, W. A. Zajc, L. R. Remsberg, V. Cianciolo, Y. Torun, D. P. Morrison, H. Hiejima, Saskia Mioduszewski, S. Gushue, B.A. Cole, M. Justice, D. Keane, and G. Rai
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Strange quark
Published: 1998

42. Collective flow in Au+Au collisions between 2–8 A GeV at AGS

Author: G. Odyniec, R. Scharenberg, J. Chance, D. Krofcheck, T. Case, P. Chung, B. Srivastava, J. Draper, L. Wood, D.A. Cebra, T. Wienold, H. Liu, A. Das, L. Huo, D. Best, J. Kintner, N.T.B. Stone, N.N. Ajitanand, M. Kaplan, D. Keane, L. Schroeder, J. Romero, H.G. Ritter, C. Pinkenburg, M. Gilkes, T.J.M. Symons, M. Heffner, Z. Milosevich, A.S. Hirsch, J. Alexander, R. Lacey, S. Wang, W.N. Zhang, D. Olson, N. Porile, Y. Zhang, K. Crowe, M. Justice, Y. M. Liu, R. McGrath, E. Hjort, W. Caskey, X. Yang, S. Y. Panitkin, J. Whitfield, M. Lisa, S. Gushue, B. Cole, F.P. Brady, and G. Rai
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Mean field theory, Flow (mathematics), Transverse momentum, Observable, Function (mathematics), Statistical physics, Nuclear Experiment, Beam energy
Abstract: The E895 collaboration has undertaken a systematic and exclusive study of Au+Au collisions between 2–8 A GeV. We present preliminary results on collective flow observables as a function of beam energy. Data are compared with theoretical predictions.
Published: 1998

43. Dynamics of radial collective energy in near central collisions for1AGeVAu+C

Author: A. Scott, H. Sann, P. Danielewicz, M. A. McMahan, N. N. Ajitanand, T. Wienold, S. Wang, J. A. Hauger, J. B. Elliott, T. J. M. Symons, J. Romanski, F. P. Brady, R. Potenza, D. Keane, P. Chung, A. D. Chacon, H. H. Wieman, M. L. Gilkes, S. Albergo, M. Justice, P. Warren, V. Lindenstruth, J. L. Chance, S. Costa, H. G. Ritter, M. L. Tincknell, A. S. Hirsch, D. Cebra, N. T. Porile, R. L. McGrath, G. V. Russo, E. L. Hjort, G. Rai, J. O. Rasmussen, Roy A. Lacey, C. P. McParland, M. D. Partlan, Z. Caccia, D. L. Olson, A. Insolia, R. P. Scharenberg, H. S. Matis, M. A. Lisa, Y. Choi, J. Lauret, John M. Alexander, B. K. Srivastava, J. L. Romero, Y. Shao, C. Tuve, Wolfgang Müller, F. S. Bieser, K.L. Wolf, and J. C. Kintner
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Range (particle radiation), Transverse plane, Thermal, Quasiparticle, Coulomb, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Kinetic energy, Excitation, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract: Transverse kinetic energies of individual fragments have been measured over a broad range of emitter excitation energies for the reaction 1AGeV Au+C. For excitation energies leading to large intermediate mass fragment multiplicities, these transverse energies require large collective radial expansion of the emitting systems. However, the traditional decomposition of the transverse energy into a thermal component and a Coulomb and collective component proportional to the fragment mass cannot account for this expansion. Expansion velocities show an increase with decreasing fragment Z and thus indicate fractionation of the collective energy for the expanding system. This collective energy increases with emitter excitation up to about 50{percent} of the energy deposited for a nuclear system with total energy {approximately}12AMeV. The bulk of the collective energy is carried away by ejectiles of Z{le}3. {copyright} {ital 1998} {ital The American Physical Society}
Published: 1998

44. Multifragmentation of the remnant produced in the reaction of1AGeV gold with carbon

Author: M. A. McMahan, Cristina Tuve, J. O. Rasmussen, M. D. Partlan, C. P. McParland, F. P. Brady, Y. Shao, R. P. Scharenberg, and K. Wolf, S. Wang, H. S. Matis, V. Lindenstruth, M. A. Lisa, J. C. Kintner, A. Scott, J. L. Chance, H. Sann, Y. Choi, D. Cebra, H. G. Ritter, F. S. Bieser, P. Warren, Renato Potenza, J. B. Elliott, D. Keane, B. K. Srivastava, Sebastiano Albergo, E. L. Hjort, J. L. Romero, H. H. Wieman, G. Rai, T. J. M. Symons, M. L. Gilkes, Z. Caccia, T. Wienold, J. A. Hauger, D. L. Olson, J. Romanski, Wolfgang Müller, M. L. Tincknell, N. T. Porile, Salvatore Costa, Andrew S. Hirsch, A. Insolia, A. D. Chacon, G.V. Russo, and M. Justice
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Isotope, Atomic number, Multiplicity (chemistry), Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear matter, Nucleon, Excitation, Charged particle, Effective nuclear charge
Abstract: A high-statistics exclusive study of the multifragmentation of 1A GeV gold on carbon has been performed. Particles with Z{le}2 show evidence of emission in a first prompt stage as well as in a second equilibrium stage whereas fragments with Z{ge}3 appear to be emitted essentially only in the second stage. Two methods for the separation of the Z{le}2 particles into the two stages are given and they are in agreement. The yields for each stage are determined as a function of the event charged particle multiplicity m. The mass, nuclear charge, excitation energy per nucleon, and temperature of the remnant left after the first stage and their fluctuations have been determined as a function of m. The expansion of the remnant to fragment freeze-out is examined. The freeze-out temperature is determined from double isotope ratios as a function of m and isentropic trajectories are obtained in the temperature-density plane. The caloric curve shows a monotonic increase with excitation energy. Some of the energy is in the form of radial flow. Overall, the results are consistent with a previous statistical analysis of the data which suggests that, over a certain range of excitation energies, multifragmentation involves a continuous phase transition. {copyright}more » {ital 1998} {ital The American Physical Society}« less
Published: 1998

45. ΔResonance Production inN58i+CuCollisions atE=1.97AGeV

Author: J. O. Rasmussen, A. S. Hirsch, Alwyn C. Scott, Sebastiano Albergo, T. J. M. Symons, Y. Shao, M. L. Gilkes, Y. Choi, G.V. Russo, M. A. McMahan, J. L. Romero, G. Rai, M. L. Tincknell, N. T. Porile, M. Justice, P. Warren, F. S. Bieser, K.L. Wolf, S. Wang, E. L. Hjort, Z. Caccia, M. D. Partlan, H. H. Wieman, R. P. Scharenberg, H. S. Matis, D. Keane, J. L. Chance, D. L. Olson, D. Cebra, Renato Potenza, T. Wienold, J. B. Elliott, J. C. Kintner, A. D. Chacon, Salvatore Costa, A. Insolia, C. P. McParland, J. Romanski, M. A. Lisa, B. K. Srivastava, F. P. Brady, Cristina Tuve, H. G. Ritter, and J. A. Hauger
Subjects: Baryon, Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear reaction, Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, Resonance, Production (computer science), Elementary particle, Invariant mass, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Delta baryon
Abstract: Invariant mass analyses of (p,{pi}{sup {plus_minus}}) pairs in {sup 58}Ni+Cu collisions at 1.97A GeV have been performed and show correlations resulting from the decays of the {Delta} resonance, the {Lambda} baryon, and possibly the N{sup {asterisk}}(1440) resonance. A reduction in the {Delta} mass is observed and the mass reduction increases with collision centrality. Events generated by the relativistic cascade model (ARC) also reveal a mass reduction. The mass reduction is related to the size of the reaction volume and the details of {Delta} production mechanisms in heavy ion collisions. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}
Published: 1997

46. Pion Flow and Antiflow in1.15AGeVAu+Au

Author: G. Rai, D. Keane, A. Scott, F. S. Bieser, M. L. Tincknell, K.L. Wolf, Y. Shao, N. T. Porile, H. H. Wieman, G.V. Russo, Renato Potenza, M. L. Gilkes, J. B. Elliott, T. J. M. Symons, J. O. Rasmussen, J. C. Kintner, J. L. Romero, A. D. Chacon, Salvatore Costa, B. K. Srivastava, A. Insolia, T. Wienold, M. A. McMahan, Sebastiano Albergo, Cristina Tuve, H. G. Ritter, Andrew S. Hirsch, R. P. Scharenberg, P. Warren, F. P. Brady, H. S. Matis, E. L. Hjort, D. L. Olson, J. A. Hauger, Y. Choi, M. D. Partlan, S. Wang, Z. Caccia, M. Justice, J. Romanski, M. A. Lisa, J. L. Chance, D. Cebra, and C. P. McParland
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Particle physics, Pion, Flow (mathematics), TheoryofComputation_ANALYSISOFALGORITHMSANDPROBLEMCOMPLEXITY, General Physics and Astronomy, Impact parameter
Abstract: Transverse flow has been studied as a function of impact parameter for pions and protons from the reaction 1.15A GeV {sup 197}Au+{sup 197}Au. We observe an {open_quotes}antiflow{close_quotes} behavior for both {pi}{sup +} and {pi}{sup -} in peripheral collisions. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}
Published: 1997

47. The Energy Dependence of Flow in Ni Induced Collisions from400Ato1970AMeV

Author: M. Justice, R. P. Scharenberg, H. S. Matis, T. J. M. Symons, M. L. Gilkes, B. K. Srivastava, Y. Choi, Sebastiano Albergo, F. S. Bieser, S. Wang, K.L. Wolf, Andrew S. Hirsch, T. Wienold, Renato Potenza, D. Keane, J. B. Elliott, Antonio Insolia, C. P. McParland, J. L. Romero, H. H. Wieman, Salvatore Costa, J. C. Kintner, F. P. Brady, M. A. Lisa, A. Scott, M. A. McMahan, J. L. Chance, D. Cebra, P. Warren, E. L. Hjort, G. Rai, J. Romanski, Cristina Tuve, M. L. Tincknell, N. T. Porile, Z. Caccia, M. D. Partlan, A. D. Chacon, G.V. Russo, Y. Shao, J. O. Rasmussen, D. L. Olson, H. G. Ritter, and J. A. Hauger
Subjects: Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Computer Science::Information Retrieval, General Physics and Astronomy, chemistry.chemical_element, Nuclear matter, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Copper, Nuclear physics, Nickel, chemistry, Flow (mathematics), 0103 physical sciences, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Scaling, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract: We study the energy dependence of collective (hydrodynamic-like) nuclear matter flow in (400{endash}1970){ital A} MeV Ni+Au and (1000{endash}1970){ital A} MeV Ni+Cu reactions. The flow increases with energy, appears to reach a maximum, and then to decrease at higher energies. A way of comparing the energy dependence of flow values for different projectile-target mass combinations is introduced, which demonstrates a more-or-less common scaling behavior among flow values from different systems. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}
Published: 1997

48. A new Coulomb correction method for Bose-Einstein correlations, based on the $\pi^+\pi^-$ correlation measurements

Author: Rainer Arno Ernst Renfordt, A. Piper, H.G. Pugh, B. Wosiek, J. Kosiec, R. Brockmann, A. Ljubicic, P. Seyboth, R. Morse, A. Petridis, Daniel Ferenc, Bloomer, H. Appelshaeuser, W. J. Braithwaite, T. Alber, J. Seyerlein, I. Schneider, R. Sendelbach, Thomas A. Trainor, P. Chan, S. Wenig, G. Odyniec, A. Kuehmichel, A. Sandoval, P. Freund, F. Posa, P. Stefansky, D. Vranic, K. Runge, J. Guenther, D. Roehrich, J. Bartke, J. T. Mitchell, S. Tonse, Guy Paic, B. Eberlein, J. W. Harris, S. Kabana, R. Stock, J. Y. Lee, J. Eschke, H. Stroebele, V. Eckardt, M. Lahanas, W. Retyk, G. Roland, J. G. Cramer, W. Rauch, Arthur M. Poskanzer, E. Schmoetten, P. Buncic, G. Rai, B. Fleischmann, Helena Bialkowska, D. Brinkmann, Panagiota Foka, J. Baechler, Marek Kowalski, I. Derado, E. Gladysz, G. Vasileiadis, J. Schambach, P. B. Cramer, S. Margetis, Maurice Hoffmann, M. Wensveen, Apostolos Panagiotou, Marek Gazdzicki, Hermann Rothard, S. I. Chase, M. Fuchs, L. Teitelbaum, Peter Martin Jacobs, N. Schmitz, R. Bock, K. Kadija, M. Vassiliou, Eugenio Nappi, F. Pühlhofer, and E. Skrzypczak
Subjects: Physics, Correction method, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Quantum electrodynamics, Coulomb, Pi, Bose–Einstein correlations
Published: 1997

49. In-Plane Retardation of Collective Expansion inAu+AuCollisions

Author: F. P. Brady, M. A. McMahan, H. G. Ritter, J. L. Romero, V. Lindenstruth, R. P. Scharenberg, J. L. Chance, F. S. Bieser, H. S. Matis, K.L. Wolf, D. Cebra, A. Scott, Antonio Insolia, D. L. Olson, Y. Choi, M. L. Tincknell, J. Romanski, D. Keane, D. Weerasundara, A. D. Chacon, N. T. Porile, S. Wang, Cristina Tuve, M. A. Lisa, Sebastiano Albergo, G.V. Russo, H. H. Wieman, Andrew S. Hirsch, H. Liu, G. Rai, Renato Potenza, M. L. Gilkes, J. B. Elliott, J. O. Rasmussen, Z. Caccia, C. P. McParland, J. C. Kintner, P. Warren, Salvatore Costa, M. D. Partlan, E. L. Hjort, J. A. Hauger, Y. Shao, B. K. Srivastava, M. Justice, and T. J. M. Symons
Subjects: Physics, In plane, Classical mechanics, General Physics and Astronomy
Published: 1996

50. Fracture toughness and thermal resistance of polycrystalline diamond compacts

Author: G. Rai and D. Miess
Subjects: Toughness, Materials science, Mechanical Engineering, Material properties of diamond, Metallurgy, Sintering, Diamond, engineering.material, Condensed Matter Physics, Grain size, chemistry.chemical_compound, Fracture toughness, chemistry, Mechanics of Materials, Tungsten carbide, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, engineering, General Materials Science, Ceramic, Composite material
Abstract: Polycrystalline diamond compacts (PCD) are being used increasingly for oil and gas drilling and in machining of ceramics and hard non-ferrous materials. Average diamond grain size and its distribution are used as one of the means to tailor properties of PCD compacts. The diamond sintering process requires use of a tungsten carbide cobalt disc placed onto diamond powder followed by high pressure and high temperature conditions. During this process pseudo-eutectic, WC-Co liquid from the tungsten carbide disc is infiltrated into diamond powder providing a liquid phase to facilitate inter-grain diamond bonding. The amount and chemical composition with respect to carbon content of the liquid phase are dependent on average diamond grain size and its distribution. Finer diamond sizes tend to have higher sintered density than coarser sizes indicating a higher volume fraction of metallic content. The role of residual metallic content of the diamond layer in conjunction with average grain size on fracture toughness of the diamond layer was investigated. The fracture toughness was determined using a diametral compression test. Larger grain PCD compacts having lower amounts of matallic content were found to have a higher toughness than fine grained materials with higher amounts of residual metallic phase. PCD compacts of different starting diameter grain sizes were subjected to elevated temperatures under different gas environments and examined for their thermal resistance. The results are explained in terms of total metal content of the diamond layer in conjunction with the development of inter-grain diamond bonding.
Published: 1996

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