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16. Nucleosome repositioning in cardiac reprogramming.

Author

Harris, Sonalí, Baksh, Syeda S., Wang, Xinghua, Anwar, Iqra, Pratt, Richard E., Dzau, Victor J., and Hodgkinson, Conrad P.

Subjects
MYOCARDIUM, HEART cells, SKELETAL muscle, GENETIC transcription, FIBROBLASTS
Abstract

Early events in the reprogramming of fibroblasts to cardiac muscle cells are unclear. While various histone undergo modification and re-positioning, and these correlate with the activity of certain genes, it is unknown if these events are causal or happen in response to reprogramming. Histone modification and re-positioning would be expected to open up chromatin on lineage-specific genes and this can be ascertained by studying nucleosome architecture. We have recently developed a set of tools to identify significant changes in nucleosome architecture which we used to study skeletal muscle differentiation. In this report, we have applied these tools to understand nucleosome architectural changes during fibroblast to cardiac muscle reprogramming. We found that nucleosomes surrounding the transcription start sites of cardiac muscle genes induced during reprogramming were insensitive to reprogramming factors as well as to agents which enhance reprogramming efficacy. In contrast, significant changes in nucleosome architecture were observed distal to the transcription start site. These regions were associated with nucleosome build-up. In summary, investigations into nucleosome structure do not support the notion that fibroblasts to cardiac muscle cell reprogramming involves chromatin opening and suggests instead long-range effects such as breaking closed-loop inhibition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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23. Toward a Biomedical Research Enterprise That Better Serves the United States.

Author

Reece, E. Albert and Dzau, Victor J.

Subjects
*MEDICAL research, *PRETEENS, *FEDERAL government, *POSTDOCTORAL programs, *STUDENT health services
Abstract

The article discusses the need for a reimagined U.S. biomedical research enterprise to address evolving health challenges and ensure national health progress. Topics discussed include the development of a national strategic vision, the importance of coordinated funding, and the prioritization of health equity and social determinants of health in research.

Published
2024
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26. Transforming Evidence Generation to Support Health and Health Care Decisions

Author

Califf, Robert M, Robb, Melissa A, Bindman, Andrew B, Briggs, Josephine P, Collins, Francis S, Conway, Patrick H, Coster, Trinka S, Cunningham, Francesca E, De Lew, Nancy, DeSalvo, Karen B, Dymek, Christine, Dzau, Victor J, Fleurence, Rachael L, Frank, Richard G, Gaziano, J Michael, Kaufmann, Petra, Lauer, Michael, Marks, Peter W, McGinnis, J Michael, Richards, Chesley, Selby, Joe V, Shulkin, David J, Shuren, Jeffrey, Slavitt, Andrew M, Smith, Scott R, Washington, B Vindell, White, P Jon, Woodcock, Janet, Woodson, Jonathan, and Sherman, Rachel E

Subjects
Clinical Research, Health Services, 8.1 Organisation and delivery of services, 7.3 Management and decision making, Health and social care services research, Management of diseases and conditions, Generic health relevance, Good Health and Well Being, Biomedical Research, Decision Making, Delivery of Health Care, Evidence-Based Medicine, Health Policy, Humans, Translational Research, Biomedical, United States, Medical and Health Sciences, General & Internal Medicine
Published
2016

27. 'This Is Everybody's Issue': An interview with Victor Dzau and Margaret Hamburg on confronting the biggest public health crisis in generations

Author

Dzau, Victor J. and Hamburg, Margaret A.

Subjects
Public health officials -- Interviews, Epidemics -- Forecasts and trends, COVID-19 -- Forecasts and trends, Market trend/market analysis, Science and technology
Abstract

The editor of Issues in Science and Technology, William Kearney, recently discussed the coronavirus pandemic with National Academy of Medicine President Victor Dzau and NAM Foreign Secretary Margaret 'Peggy' Hamburg. [...]

Published
2020

28. Responsible Use of Human Gene-Editing Technologies.

Author

Dzau, Victor J and Cicerone, Ralph J

Subjects
Humans, Chromosome Mapping, Genetic Engineering, Genome, Human, Genetic Therapy, CRISPR-Cas Systems, Biotechnology, Medical Biotechnology, Clinical Sciences
Published
2015

42. Precision Hypertension.

Author

Dzau, Victor J. and Hodgkinson, Conrad P.

Abstract

Hypertension affects >1 billion people worldwide. Complications of hypertension include stroke, renal failure, cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial infarction, and cardiac failure. Despite the development of various antihypertensive drugs, the number of people with uncontrolled hypertension continues to rise. While the lack of compliance associated with frequent side effects to medication is a contributory issue, there has been a failure to consider the diverse nature of hypertensive populations. Instead, we propose that hypertension can only be truly managed by precision. A precision medicine approach would consider each patient's unique factors. In this review, we discuss the progress toward precision medicine for hypertension with more predictiveness and individualization of treatment. We will highlight the advances in data science, omics (genomics, metabolomics, proteomics, etc), artificial intelligence, gene therapy, and gene editing and their application to precision hypertension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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48. A tribute to Tadataka 'Tachi' Yamada

Author

Dzau, Victor J.

Subjects
Yamada, Tadataka -- Appreciation -- Works, Gastroenterologists -- Appreciation -- Works -- Biography, Health care industry
Abstract

The world lost a leader in medicine, public health, and global health on August 4, 2021 when Tadataka 'Tachi' Yamada passed away at the age of 76 (Figure 1). Tachi [...]

Published
2021
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