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1. Use of pediatric thymus to humanize mice for HIV-1 mucosal transmission

Author

Chandra N. Roy, Sherry T. Shu, Christopher Kline, Lora Rigatti, Thomas E. Smithgall, and Zandrea Ambrose

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Humanized mice have been used to study human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmission, pathogenesis, and treatment. The ability of pediatric thymus tissue implanted either in the leg (Leg PedThy) or under the renal capsule (Renal PedThy) with allogeneic CD34+ hematopoietic cells (HSCs) in NSG mice was evaluated for reconstitution of human immune cells and for rectal transmission of HIV-1. These mice were compared to traditional BLT mice implanted with fetal liver and thymus under the renal capsule and mice injected only with HSCs. Renal PedThy mice had similar immune reconstitution in the blood, spleen and intestine as BLT mice, while Leg PedThy mice had transient detection of immune cells, particularly CD4+ T cells and macrophages, the target cells for HIV-1 infection. Rectal transmission and replication of HIV-1 was efficient in BLT mice but lower and more variable in Renal PedThy mice. HIV-1 was poorly transmitted in HSC mice and not transmitted in Leg PedThy mice, which correlated with the frequencies of target cells in the spleen and intestine. Humanization of NSG mice with pediatric thymus was successful when implanted under the kidney capsule, but led to less efficient HIV-1 rectal transmission and replication compared to BLT mice.

Published
2023
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2. APOBEC3 selects V179I in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase to provide selective advantage for non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-resistant mutants

Author

Richa Dwivedi, Youya Wang, Christopher Kline, Douglas K. Fischer, and Zandrea Ambrose

Subjects
HIV, reverse transcriptase (RT), drug resistance, non-nucleoside RT inhibitor (NNRTI), APOBEC3, humanized mouse model, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

The V179I substitution in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) is selected in humans or mouse models treated with certain nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs). While it is often observed together with other NNRTI resistance mutations, V179I does not confer drug resistance. To understand how V179I arises during NNRTI treatment, we characterized it in HIV-1 molecular clones with or without the NNRTI resistance mutations Y181C or Y181V. While V179I alone did not confer resistance to any NNRTIs tested, when present with Y181C/V it enhanced drug resistance to some NNRTIs by 3- to 8-fold. In replication competition experiments in the presence of the NNRTI rilpivirine (RPV), V179I modestly enhanced Y181C HIV-1 or Y181V HIV-1 replication compared to viruses without V179I. As V179I arises from a G to A mutation, we evaluated whether it could arise due to host APOBEC3 deaminase activity and be maintained in the presence of a NNRTI to provide a selective advantage for the virus. V179I was detected in some humanized mice treated with RPV and was associated with G to A mutations characteristic of APOBEC3 activity. In RPV selection experiments, the frequency of V179I in HIV-1 was accelerated in CD4+ T cells expressing higher APOBEC3F and APOBEC3G levels. Our results provide evidence that V179I in HIV-1 RT can arise due to APOBEC-mediated G to A hypermutation and can confer a selective advantage to drug-resistant HIV-1 isolates in the presence of some NNRTIs.

Published
2022
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3. SIV Evolutionary Dynamics in Cynomolgus Macaques during SIV-Mycobacterium tuberculosis Co-Infection

Author

Kaho H. Tisthammer, Christopher Kline, Tara Rutledge, Collin R. Diedrich, Sergio Ita, Philana Ling Lin, Zandrea Ambrose, and Pleuni S. Pennings

Subjects
SIV, co-infection, viral evolution, Mtb, viral diversity, macaques, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

Co-infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a worldwide public health concern, leading to worse clinical outcomes caused by both pathogens. We used a non-human primate model of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-Mtb co-infection, in which latent Mtb infection was established prior to SIVmac251 infection. The evolutionary dynamics of SIV env was evaluated from samples in plasma, lymph nodes, and lungs (including granulomas) of SIV-Mtb co-infected and SIV only control animals. While the diversity of the challenge virus was low and overall viral diversity remained relatively low over 6–9 weeks, changes in viral diversity and divergence were observed, including evidence for tissue compartmentalization. Overall, viral diversity was highest in SIV-Mtb animals that did not develop clinical Mtb reactivation compared to animals with Mtb reactivation. Among lung granulomas, viral diversity was positively correlated with the frequency of CD4+ T cells and negatively correlated with the frequency of CD8+ T cells. SIV diversity was highest in the thoracic lymph nodes compared to other sites, suggesting that lymphatic drainage from the lungs in co-infected animals provides an advantageous environment for SIV replication. This is the first assessment of SIV diversity across tissue compartments during SIV-Mtb co-infection after established Mtb latency.

Published
2021
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4. A spatio-temporal assessment of simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) evolution reveals a highly dynamic process within the host.

Author

Alison F Feder, Christopher Kline, Patricia Polacino, Mackenzie Cottrell, Angela D M Kashuba, Brandon F Keele, Shiu-Lok Hu, Dmitri A Petrov, Pleuni S Pennings, and Zandrea Ambrose

Subjects
Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

The process by which drug-resistant HIV-1 arises and spreads spatially within an infected individual is poorly understood. Studies have found variable results relating how HIV-1 in the blood differs from virus sampled in tissues, offering conflicting findings about whether HIV-1 throughout the body is homogeneously distributed. However, most of these studies sample only two compartments and few have data from multiple time points. To directly measure how drug resistance spreads within a host and to assess how spatial structure impacts its emergence, we examined serial sequences from four macaques infected with RT-SHIVmne027, a simian immunodeficiency virus encoding HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT), and treated with RT inhibitors. Both viral DNA and RNA (vDNA and vRNA) were isolated from the blood (including plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells), lymph nodes, gut, and vagina at a median of four time points and RT was characterized via single-genome sequencing. The resulting sequences reveal a dynamic system in which vRNA rapidly acquires drug resistance concomitantly across compartments through multiple independent mutations. Fast migration results in the same viral genotypes present across compartments, but not so fast as to equilibrate their frequencies immediately. The blood and lymph nodes were found to be compartmentalized rarely, while both the blood and lymph node were more frequently different from mucosal tissues. This study suggests that even oft-sampled blood does not fully capture the viral dynamics in other parts of the body, especially the gut where vRNA turnover was faster than the plasma and vDNA retained fewer wild-type viruses than other sampled compartments. Our findings of transient compartmentalization across multiple tissues may help explain the varied results of previous compartmentalization studies in HIV-1.

Published
2017
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5. Persistence of viral reservoirs in multiple tissues after antiretroviral therapy suppression in a macaque RT-SHIV model.

Author

Christopher Kline, Jean Ndjomou, Tamera Franks, Rebecca Kiser, Vicky Coalter, Jeremy Smedley, Michael Piatak, John W Mellors, Jeffrey D Lifson, and Zandrea Ambrose

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) can suppress HIV-1 replication sufficiently to eliminate measurable plasma viremia, infected cells remain and ensure viral recrudescence after discontinuation of ART. We used a macaque model of HIV-1/AIDS to evaluate the location of infected cells during ART. Twelve macaques were infected with RT-SHIVmne, a SIV containing HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, conferring sensitivity to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs). Ten to fourteen weeks post-infection, 6 animals were treated with 3 or 4 antiretroviral drugs for 17-20 weeks; 6 control animals remained untreated. Viral DNA (vDNA) and RNA (vRNA) were measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and at necropsy in multiple tissues by quantitative PCR and RT-PCR. The majority of virally infected cells were located in lymphoid tissues with variable levels in the gastrointestinal tract of both treated and untreated animals. Tissue viral DNA levels correlated with week 1 plasma viremia, suggesting that tissues that harbor proviral DNA are established within the first week of infection. PBMC vDNA levels did not correlate with plasma viremia or tissue levels of vDNA. vRNA levels were high in lymphoid and gastrointestinal tissues of the untreated animals; animals on ART had little vRNA expressed in tissues and virus could not be cultured from lymph node resting CD4+ cells after 17-20 weeks on ART, indicating little or no ongoing viral replication. Strategies for eradication of HIV-1 will need to target residual virus in ART suppressed individuals, which may not be accurately reflected by frequencies of infected cells in blood.

Published
2013
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6. 0146 Associations Between Mood and Sleep Architecture in Sedentary Office Workers

Author

Olivia Vogan, Caitlin Cheruka, Mara Egeler, Andrew Kubala, Rachel Sanders, Joshua Paley, Sanjay Patel, Martica Hall, Subashan Perera, Bethany Gibbs, and Christopher Kline

Subjects
Physiology (medical), Neurology (clinical)
Abstract

Introduction Sleep, and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep in particular, has been suggested to play an important role in mood regulation. Currently, most of this research has come from laboratory settings under constrained conditions; less is known about one’s sleep in their own home. The purpose of this study was to further examine the associations between home-based polysomnography (PSG) sleep parameters and mood disturbance. Methods This cross-sectional study used baseline data from 120 inactive adults with desk-based jobs (52.5% female, 43.8±10.7 y) who were enrolled in an ongoing clinical trial. Mood was assessed using the Profile of Mood States (POMS); its 7 subscales (tension, anger, fatigue, depression, esteem-affect, vigor, confusion) were summed (with a constant of 100) to generate a Total Mood Disturbance (TMD) score with a higher score indicating greater TMD. Sleep stages were assessed after a full workday using one night of at-home PSG. Multiple linear regression models examined associations between sleep stages and mood adjusting for age, gender, and whether the assessment occurred pre- or post-COVID-19 emergence. Results The mean TMD score was 98.6±18.3. On average, participants slept for 397.4±60.0 minutes with a sleep efficiency of 84.6±9.1%. The mean percentage of time spent in REM sleep was 22.5±6.6%; the mean percentage of time spent in non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, stage 1 (N1), stage 2 (N2), and stage 3 (N3) sleep were 7.8±5.0%, 53.7±10.1%, and 16.0±9.1%, respectively. A greater percentage of REM sleep was associated with lower TMD (β=-0.22, p=0.01). A greater percentage of N1 sleep was also associated with lower TMD (β=-0.23, p=0.01). However, neither percent of N2 nor N3 sleep were associated with TMD (p=0.10 and p=0.12, respectively). Conclusion Overall, the findings of this study support current literature that suggests REM sleep plays a significant role in mood regulation. They also suggest, aside from N1 sleep, NREM sleep may not impact mood disturbance. In the future, the effects of sleep architecture on mood disturbance could further be explored through randomized controlled trials. Support (if any) This study was funded by National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants R01HL134809 and R01HL147610.

Published
2023

8. Associations between aerobic and muscle-strengthening physical activity, sleep duration, and risk of all-cause mortality

Author

Mitch Duncan, Stina Oftedal, Christopher Kline, Ronald Plotnikoff, and Elizabeth Holliday

Abstract

ObjectiveTo examine the joint associations between meeting guidelines for physical activity (PA) and sleep duration and all-cause mortality risk among adults.MethodsParticipants were adults (n = 282,473) aged 18–84 years who participated in the 2004–2014 US National Health Interview Survey. Mortality status was ascertained using the National Death Index through December 2015. Self-reported PA (Active: meeting both aerobic (AER) and muscle-strengthening (MSA) guidelines, AER only (AER), MSA only (MSA), or not meeting either AER or MSA (Inactive)) and sleep duration (Short, recommended (Rec), or Long) were classified according to guidelines, and 12 PA–sleep categories were derived. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) for all-cause mortality risk were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression models.ResultsA total of 282,473 participants (55% female) were included; 18,793 deaths (6.7%) occurred over an average follow-up of 5.4 years. Relative to the Active–Rec group, all other PA-sleep groups were associated with increased mortality risk except for the Active–Short group (HR = 1.08; 95% CI: 0.92–1.26). The combination of long sleep with either MSA or Inactive appeared to be synergistic. For a given sleep duration, mortality risk progressively increased among participants classified as AER, MSA, and Inactive. Within each activity level, the mortality risk was greatest among adults with long sleep.ConclusionRelative to adults meeting guidelines for both PA and sleep duration, adults who failed to meet guidelines for both aerobic and muscle strengthening PA and who also failed to meet sleep duration guidelines had elevated all-cause mortality risks. These results support interventions targeting both PA and sleep duration to reduce mortality risk.

Published
2022

10. 0310 Sleep Health Characteristics in Sedentary Desk-Based Workers

Author

Caitlin Cheruka, Mara Egeler, Andrew Kubala, Olivia Vogan, Sanjay Patel, Martica Hall, John Jakicic, Subashan Perera, Bethany Barone Gibbs, and Christopher Kline

Subjects
Physiology (medical), Neurology (clinical)
Abstract

Introduction Many occupations consist of predominantly desk-based work, which leads to prolonged periods of sitting during the workday. Excessive periods of sedentary behavior could have a negative impact on health outcomes, including sleep. The purpose of this study was to characterize sleep health in a sample of sedentary desk-based workers. Methods This secondary analysis of baseline data from an ongoing clinical trial included 125 inactive adults with elevated, nonmedicated blood pressure and desk-based occupations (49.6% female, age=43.9±10.6 y, 85.6% White race, body mass index [BMI]=30.9±6.4 kg/m²). Sleep was assessed using validated questionnaires (e.g., Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PSQI], Insomnia Severity Index [ISI]) and 7 nights of actigraphy. Six dimensions of sleep health (regularity, satisfaction, alertness, timing, efficiency, and duration) were categorized as “good” or “poor”; a composite score summed good sleep health dimensions on a scale of 0-6. Results The mean sleep health score was 4.7±1.1; 24.8% of participants met “good” criteria for all 6 sleep health dimensions. The most common “good” sleep health dimensions were efficiency (89.0%) and alertness (87.2%); the least common was regularity (60%). The mean PSQI score was 5.5±3.0, and 41.6% had poor sleep quality (PSQI >5); a trend was observed in adults with poor sleep quality to have lower sleep health (p=0.055). The mean ISI score was 7.1±4.7, and 40% had at least mild-severity insomnia symptoms (ISI ≥8); those with insomnia symptoms had significantly lower sleep health compared to those without insomnia symptoms (p=0.04). Sleep health was not significantly correlated with age, BMI, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, or mean daily sedentary behavior (each r≤ .08, p≥0.38) and did not differ between males and females (p=0.26). However, White adults had significantly better sleep health compared to their non-White counterparts (6.4% Black, 5.6% Asian, 2.4% other) (p Conclusion This sample of sedentary desk-based workers presented generally good sleep health. This warrants future investigations comparing adults with different levels of occupational activity and non-desk-based occupations to understand why highly sedentary behavior is associated with negative health outcomes. Support (If Any) This study was funded by National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants R01HL134809 and R01HL147610.

Published
2022

11. 0253 The Association Between Sleep Health and Mood in Sedentary Desk Workers

Author

Olivia Vogan, Caitlin Cheruka, Mara Egeler, Andrew Kubala, Rachel Sanders, Joshua Paley, Sanjay Patel, Martica Hall, Subashan Perera, John Jakicic, Bethany Gibbs, and Christopher Kline

Subjects
Physiology (medical), Neurology (clinical)
Abstract

Introduction Poor sleep, most commonly insufficient sleep duration or low sleep quality, has been linked with disruptions of mood. However, it is unclear how sleep health—more broadly, other multiple dimensions of sleep—is associated with mood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between sleep health and mood in a sample of desk-working sedentary adults. Methods This cross-sectional study used baseline data from inactive adults with desk-based jobs (N=125, 49.6% female, 43.9±10.6 years) who enrolled in an ongoing clinical trial. Sleep was assessed using validated questionnaires and 7 nights of actigraphy. Collectively, these measures were utilized to assess six different sleep dimensions: regularity, satisfaction, alertness, timing, efficiency, duration. Each dimension was categorized as “good” or “poor”. A sleep health score was calculated by summing the number of good dimensions (range: 0-6; higher is better). Mood was assessed using Profile of Mood States (POMS); its 7 subscales (tension, anger, fatigue, depression, esteem-affect, vigor, confusion) were summed (with a constant of 100) to create a Total Mood Disturbance (TMD) score. Multiple linear regression models examined associations between sleep health and mood adjusting for age, gender, and whether pre- or post-COVID-19. Results The mean sleep health score was 4.7±1.1; the mean TMD score was 96.6±18.5. Better sleep health was associated with lesser TMD (β=-0.32, p Conclusion Better sleep health was associated with less TMD. Satisfaction was the sleep dimension that consistently associated with each subscale of mood. The cross-sectional, observational design limits casual inference between sleep health and mood disturbance due to a lack of temporality and the potential for residual confounding. Support (If Any) This study was funded by National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants R01HL134809 and R01HL147610.

Published
2022

12. 0048 The Association Between Sleep Health and Work- and Health-Related Quality of Life in Desk Workers and Differences in Associations Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Emergence

Author

Rachel Sanders, Olivia Vogan, Bethany Barone Gibbs, Mara Egeler, Andrew Kubala, Caitlin Cheruka, Joshua Paley, Sanjay Patel, Martica Hall, Subashan Perera, John Jakicic, and Christopher Kline

Subjects
Physiology (medical), Neurology (clinical)
Abstract

Introduction COVID-19 resulted in many office workers switching to remote work. Emerging studies report working from home has negatively affected sleep health (SH) and psychological well-being. Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between SH and health- and work-related quality of life and explore whether these associations differed pre- and post-COVID-19 emergence. Methods Baseline data from 125 adults enrolled pre- (n=59) and post-COVID-19 emergence (n=66) in a clinical trial with desk jobs were included in this analysis (86.4% White; 49.6% female; 43.9±10.7 y). Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was assessed using the SF-36 questionnaire, which addresses eight health concepts (physical, social, and role functioning; mental health; health perceptions; energy or fatigue; pain; general health) and yields 2 summary scales (mental component summary, physical component summary). Workplace productivity and worker health was measured using the Health and Work Questionnaire (HWQ). Six SH dimensions were assessed using questionnaires (satisfaction, alertness) and 7 nights of actigraphy (regularity, timing, efficiency, duration). Each dimension was categorized as “good” or “poor”; a composite score was created based on the sum of good SH dimensions. Multiple linear regression models were adjusted for gender and age and stratified by enrollment pre- or post-COVID-19 emergence. Data are presented as standardized coefficients (β) and p-values (p). Results Compared to participants enrolled prior to COVID-19, those enrolled post-COVID-19 had worse SF-36 emotional, social, and general health and greater HWQ-assessed impatience (all p Conclusion SH was associated with HRQoL and workplace and worker health, though these associations sometimes differed between pre- and post-COVID emergence. Research should explore whether promoting SH in employees impacts their personal and workplace-related quality of life. Support (If Any) This study was funded by National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants R01HL134809 and R01HL147610.

Published
2022

14. Abstract P365: Objectively Measured Snoring is Associated with Carotid Vascular Remodeling in Overweight and Obese Adults

Author

Christy Taylor, Chunzhe Duan, Christopher Kline, and Emma Barinas-Mitchell

Subjects
Physiology (medical), Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, respiratory tract diseases, nervous system diseases
Abstract

Introduction: Snoring is often used as a surrogate measure for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a sleep disorder associated with elevated cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Although the literature supports a link between snoring and CVD, it is not clear if this association is independent of OSA. The objective of our study was to explore the association between snoring and subclinical CVD in adults with and without OSA. We hypothesized that snorers would have a greater burden of subclinical CVD, including thicker carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) and higher pulse wave velocity (PWV). Methods: Cross-sectional analyses were conducted using 24-month follow up data from the Slow Adverse Vascular Effects (SAVE) study, a randomized controlled trial evaluating the effects of weight loss, increased physical activity, and reduced dietary sodium intake on vascular health. The original population included 349 men and women aged 20-45 years and BMI 25-40 kg/m 2 . Participants (n=122) with objective measures of sleep-disordered breathing from a home-based sleep assessment (ResMed ApneaLink) were grouped into three categories using the snoring index (SI) and oxygen desaturation index (ODI). SI is defined as the number of vibratory snoring events per hour of recording time . ODI is the number of oxyhemoglobin desaturations of ≥ 4% per hour of recording . The snoring categories were: OSA (ODI≥5; n=41), heavy snoring (ODI Results: Participants were on average 40.1 ± 5.9 years old (BMI of 31.6 ± 4.4 kg/m 2 ; 76.2% women and 82% white). Across snoring severity categories, most CVD risk factors worsened including age, blood pressure, BMI, lipids, and fasting glucose (ANOVA; all p ± 0.06 vs. 0.63 ± 0.07; mm), respectively. Following covariate adjustment, differences in carotid inter-adventitial diameter and IMT persisted between normal and heavy snoring categories (p Conclusion: Our findings suggest that, in overweight and obese adults, objectively measured snoring is related to indices of local vascular remodeling and aging, even in those without OSA. Snoring severity may be associated with CVD risk.

Published
2018

15. Interferon-Inducible CD169/Siglec1 Attenuates Anti-HIV-1 Effects of Alpha Interferon

Author

Zandrea Ambrose, Nora-Guadalupe P. Ramirez, Hisashi Akiyama, Gregory A. Gibson, Suryaram Gummuluru, Simon C. Watkins, and Christopher Kline

Subjects
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, 0301 basic medicine, Cell type, Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 1, Immunology, Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Alpha interferon, HIV Infections, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Antiviral Agents, Microbiology, Proinflammatory cytokine, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, In vivo, Viral entry, Interferon, Virology, medicine, Animals, Humans, Cells, Cultured, Macrophages, Interferon-alpha, Dendritic Cells, Dendritic cell, Simian immunodeficiency virus, Virus-Cell Interactions, 030104 developmental biology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Insect Science, HIV-1, Simian Immunodeficiency Virus, Macaca nemestrina, medicine.drug
Abstract

A hallmark of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in vivo is chronic immune activation concomitant with type I interferon (IFN) production. Although type I IFN induces an antiviral state in many cell types, HIV-1 can replicate in vivo via mechanisms that have remained unclear. We have recently identified a type I IFN-inducible protein, CD169, as the HIV-1 attachment factor on dendritic cells (DCs) that can mediate robust infection of CD4 + T cells in trans . Since CD169 expression on macrophages is also induced by type I IFN, we hypothesized that type I IFN-inducible CD169 could facilitate productive HIV-1 infection in myeloid cells in cis and CD4 + T cells in trans and thus offset antiviral effects of type I IFN. In support of this hypothesis, infection of HIV-1 or murine leukemia virus Env (MLV-Env)-pseudotyped HIV-1 particles was enhanced in IFN-α-treated THP-1 monocytoid cells, and this enhancement was primarily dependent on CD169-mediated enhancement at the virus entry step, a phenomenon phenocopied in HIV-1 infections of IFN-α-treated primary monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs). Furthermore, expression of CD169, a marker of type I IFN-induced immune activation in vivo , was enhanced in lymph nodes from pigtailed macaques infected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) carrying HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT-SHIV), compared to uninfected macaques, and interestingly, there was extensive colocalization of p27 gag and CD169, suggesting productive infection of CD169 + myeloid cells in vivo . While cell-free HIV-1 infection of IFN-α-treated CD4 + T cells was robustly decreased, initiation of infection in trans via coculture with CD169 + IFN-α-treated DCs restored infection, suggesting that HIV-1 exploits CD169 in cis and in trans to attenuate a type I IFN-induced antiviral state. IMPORTANCE HIV-1 infection in humans causes immune activation characterized by elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines, including type I interferons (IFN). Although type I IFN induces an antiviral state in many cell types in vitro , HIV-1 can replicate in vivo via mechanisms that have remained unclear. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that CD169, a type I IFN-inducible HIV-1 attachment factor, offsets antiviral effects of type I IFN. Infection of HIV-1 was rescued in IFN-α-treated myeloid cells via upregulation of CD169 and a subsequent increase in CD169-dependent virus entry. Furthermore, extensive colocalization of viral Gag and CD169 was observed in lymph nodes of infected pigtailed macaques, suggesting productive infection of CD169 + cells in vivo . Treatment of dendritic cell (DC)-T cell cocultures with IFN-α upregulated CD169 expression on DCs and rescued HIV-1 infection of CD4 + T cells in trans , suggesting that HIV-1 exploits CD169 to attenuate type I IFN-induced restrictions.

Published
2017

16. Status ofDanaus plexippusPopulation in Arizona

Author

Christopher Kline, Scott M. Morris, and Gail M. Morris

Subjects
education.field_of_study, animal structures, Ecology, biology, business.industry, fungi, Population, Distribution (economics), biology.organism_classification, Danaus, Geography, Monarch butterfly, Animal Science and Zoology, business, education, Overwintering
Abstract

We report results of a ten year study to understand the distribution, breeding and migration of the monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus) in Arizona. We observed breeding and migratory monarch populations throughout the state and small overwintering aggregations in some locations. Migration occurred to known migration destinations in both California and Mexico. We found that the destination is not random. Wind significantly affects whether migrating monarchs are recovered. This study provides new insights into the breeding, overwintering and migratory strategies of Arizona monarchs.

Published
2015

17. High resolution spatio-temporal assessment of simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) evolution reveals a highly dynamic process within the host

Author

Pleuni S. Pennings, Brandon F. Keele, Angela D. M. Kashuba, Dmitri A. Petrov, Mackenzie L. Cottrell, Zandrea Ambrose, Shiu Lok Hu, Christopher Kline, Patricia Polacino, and Alison F. Feder

Subjects
0303 health sciences, 030306 microbiology, viruses, RNA, Compartmentalization (psychology), Biology, Simian immunodeficiency virus, medicine.disease_cause, Virology, Peripheral blood mononuclear cell, Virus, Reverse transcriptase, 3. Good health, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine.anatomical_structure, medicine, Lymph, Lymph node, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract

The process by which drug-resistant HIV-1 arises and spreads spatially within an infected individual is poorly understood. Studies have found variable results relating how HIV-1 in the blood differs from virus sampled in tissues, offering conflicting findings about whether HIV-1 throughout the body is homogeneously distributed. However, most of these studies sample only two compartments and few have data from multiple time points. To directly measure how drug resistance spreads within a host and to assess how spatial structure impacts its emergence, we examined serial sequences from four macaques infected with RT-SHIVmne027, a simian immunodeficiency virus encoding HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT), and treated with RT inhibitors. Both viral DNA and RNA (vDNA and vRNA) were isolated from the blood (including plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells), lymph nodes, gut, and vagina at a median of four time points and RT was characterized via single-genome sequencing. The resulting sequences reveal a dynamic system in which vRNA rapidly acquires drug resistance concomitantly across compartments through multiple independent mutations. Fast migration results in the same viral genotypes present across compartments, but not so fast as to equilibrate their frequencies through time. The blood and lymph nodes were found to be compartmentalized rarely, while both the blood and lymph node were more frequently different from mucosal tissues. There is some evidence for an increase in compartmentalization after the onset of selective pressure. This study suggests that even oft-sampled blood does not fully capture the viral dynamics in other parts of the body, especially the gut where vRNA turnover was faster than the plasma and vDNA retained fewer wild-type viruses than other sampled compartments. Our findings of transient compartmentalization across multiple tissues may help explain the varied results of previous compartmentalization studies in HIV-1.Author SummaryHIV-1 is difficult to treat because the virus can evolve to become drug-resistant within the body, but we have an incomplete understanding of where drug resistant viruses originate and how they spread within a person. In this study, four macaques were infected with RT-SHIV, a simian immunodeficiency virus with an HIV-1 reverse transcriptase coding region, which can be targeted with standard HIV drugs. We sampled virus from the macaques before, during and after they became resistant to administered drugs and determined the genetic viral sequences in several parts of the body: blood, lymph nodes, gut, and vagina. We found that drug resistance emerged across compartments nearly simultaneously, and drug resistance evolved multiple independent times within each macaque. Although migration of RT-SHIV between compartments is fast, compartments do not have the same distribution of viral genotypes. This is important because although studies typically sample virus from the blood to study how HIV-1 evolution in humans, our study suggests that it is not fully representative of other parts of the body, particularly the gut.

Published
2017

18. Dysregulation of multiple inflammatory molecules in lymph node and ileum of macaques during RT-SHIV infection with or without antiretroviral therapy

Author

Shiu Lok Hu, Christopher Kline, Zandrea Ambrose, and Patricia Polacino

Subjects
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Inflammation, Viremia, Ileum, Biology, Lymphocyte Activation, medicine.disease_cause, Article, Virus, medicine, Animals, Mesenteric lymph nodes, Mesentery, RNA, Messenger, Lymph node, Regulation of gene expression, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, General Veterinary, virus diseases, Simian immunodeficiency virus, medicine.disease, Virology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Anti-Retroviral Agents, Gene Expression Regulation, Immunology, HIV-1, Simian Immunodeficiency Virus, Animal Science and Zoology, Lymph Nodes, Macaca nemestrina, medicine.symptom
Abstract

Background Pathogenic infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) or simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) is characterized by a loss of CD4+ T cells and chronic lymphocyte activation even during suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). Methods Using NanoString, expression of >100 molecules associated with inflammation or immune activation was evaluated in mesenteric lymph nodes and ileum of macaques infected with a pathogenic SIV/HIV virus, RT-SHIV, during viremia or during suppressive ART and compared to uninfected controls. Results Of the 105 RNA species quantified in the tissues, expression of 33 genes was altered significantly in one or both tissues during viremia but returned to normal levels during ART. However, 29 additional genes were altered in expression levels in the tissues of both viremic and ART-suppressed macaques. Conclusions Identification of the mechanisms of chronic inflammation in specific cells and in different tissues may help determine whether early ART initiation or novel therapies can prevent it.

Published
2014

19. Butterfly Gardening with Native Plants : How to Attract and Identify Butterflies

Author

Christopher Kline and Christopher Kline

Abstract

Fun how-to guide for attracting butterflies with native plantsIncludes more than 150 color photographsSuitable for kids and adults Have you ever wanted to draw butterflies to your home, but you haven't known where to start? This book will help you! Butterfly Gardening with Native Plants is much more than a book filled with beautiful photographs. It brings the butterfly's perspective to the reader. Living in nature is getting more and more difficult around the planet for butterflies. This makes manmade habitats, filled with native plants, much more important. Butterfly expert Christopher Kline explains how to use native plants and draw butterflies to your home landscape. He discusses butterfly gardening basics, common butterflies int he garden, garden designs, guide to host plants, native nectar, and sources for native plants. Many detailed illustrations on garden layout will make building your own garden much easier. This guide also makes it easy to pick plants that attract different butterfly species. Butterfly Gardening with Native Plants belongs on the bookshelf of anyone who wants to draw butterflies to their home.

Published
2015

20. Abstract P248: Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Change During a Lifestyle Intervention in Overweight Adults: Does Season Matter?

Author

Bonny Rockette-Wagner, Andrea M Kriska, Qianheng Ma, Susan M Sereika, Christopher C Imes, Christopher Kline, and Lora Burke

Subjects
Physiology (medical), Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract

Introduction: Lifestyle interventions, with physical activity (PA) as a key component, are important to reducing cardiometabolic disease risk. In our work in both efficacy and effectiveness clinical trials, we have shown that season has a significant impact on subjectively determined moderate-vigorous (MV) PA levels, both at baseline and during the intervention. However, the effect of season in these lifestyle interventions has not yet been examined utilizing objective measurements of PA so that time spent in all PA intensities and sedentary behavior(SB) can be quantified. Hypothesis: Our hypothesis is that PA would increase and SB would decrease due to the intervention but that season would have an additional effect on both. Methods: We enrolled 150 overweight/obese adults (51.1±10.2 y; 79% Caucasian; 91% female) in a 12-month lifestyle intervention for weight loss that provided regular feedback to participants on diet and PA goal achievement. Six cohorts were recruited from 2012-2014. The PA goal was to achieve and maintain 150 minutes/week of MVPA. ActiGraph GT3x accelerometers, worn on the waist, were used to assess average daily step counts and time spent in PA and SB. Accelerometer recordings with 10 hours/day of wear time on ≥4 days were considered a valid assessment of typical PA and SB. Changes in activity variables at 6 months and 12 months were examined using linear mixed models. We also examined the season (winter, spring, summer, or autumn) when the intervention was implemented and if this affected changes in PA and SB. Results: Baseline accelerometer data were valid for 149 participants. Mean (SD) baseline values were 6132 (1873) steps counts/day, 11 (11) MVPA min/day, 245 (64) light intensity (L)PA min/day, 635 (85) SB min/day. Season was significantly related to step counts, LPA, MVPA, and SB with significantly lower PA and higher SB in the winter (p0.05). When adjusted (for monitor wear time/day and season) mean (SD) increases in step counts from baseline were 1128 (208) and 742(209) steps/day at 6 and 12 months, respectively (both p Conclusions: Relevant improvements in steps counts and MVPA were recorded at 6 and 12 months. This was true even after controlling for the effect of differences in the season of implementation. When considering the effect of lifestyle interventions on activity, future studies should consider the effect of seasonal changes on PA levels.

Published
2016

21. Low Frequency of Drug-Resistant Variants Selected by Long-Acting Rilpivirine in Macaques Infected with Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Containing HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase

Author

Zandrea Ambrose, Christopher Kline, John W. Mellors, Angela D. M. Kashuba, Kevin Melody, and Sarah McBeth

Subjects
Drug, Anti-HIV Agents, media_common.quotation_subject, Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Viremia, Drug resistance, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, medicine.disease_cause, Macaque, Antiviral Agents, Virus, chemistry.chemical_compound, biology.animal, Drug Resistance, Viral, medicine, Animals, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Lymphocyte Count, media_common, Pharmacology, biology, Rilpivirine, Simian immunodeficiency virus, medicine.disease, Virology, Reverse transcriptase, HIV Reverse Transcriptase, Infectious Diseases, chemistry, Delayed-Action Preparations, Immunology, Mutation, HIV-1, RNA, Viral, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors, Simian Immunodeficiency Virus, Macaca nemestrina
Abstract

Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) using antiretroviral drugs is effective in reducing the risk of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, but adherence to the PrEP regimen is needed. To improve adherence, a long-acting injectable formulation of the nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitor rilpivirine (RPV LA) has been developed. However, there are concerns that PrEP may select for drug-resistant mutations during preexisting or breakthrough infections, which could promote the spread of drug resistance and limit options for antiretroviral therapy. To address this concern, we administered RPV LA to macaques infected with simian immunodeficiency virus containing HIV-1 RT (RT-SHIV). Peak plasma RPV levels were equivalent to those reported in human trials and waned over time after dosing. RPV LA resulted in a 2-log decrease in plasma viremia, and the therapeutic effect was maintained for 15 weeks, until plasma drug concentrations dropped below 25 ng/ml. RT mutations E138G and E138Q were detected in single clones from plasma virus in separate animals only at one time point, and no resistance mutations were detected in viral RNA isolated from tissues. Wild-type and E138Q RT-SHIV displayed similar RPV susceptibilities in vitro , whereas E138G conferred 2-fold resistance to RPV. Overall, selection of RPV-resistant variants was rare in an RT-SHIV macaque model despite prolonged exposure to slowly decreasing RPV concentrations following injection of RPV LA.

Published
2015

22. Well-mixed plasma and tissue viral populations in RT-SHIV-infected macaques implies a lack of viral replication in the tissues during antiretroviral therapy

Author

Wei Shao, John M. Coffin, Jonathan Spindler, Zandrea Ambrose, Christopher Kline, Nicholas Johnson, Mary F. Kearney, John W. Mellors, Charles Austin Coomer, Elizabeth M. Anderson, and Luke Smith

Subjects
Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, HIV persistence, HIV Infections, medicine.disease_cause, Virus Replication, Bone Marrow, Single genome sequencing (SGS), Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Lung, Phylogeny, virus diseases, Brain, Viral Load, Antiretroviral therapy, medicine.anatomical_structure, Infectious Diseases, Nonhuman primate model, RNA, Viral, Simian Immunodeficiency Virus, Antibody, Viral load, Anti-HIV Agents, Spleen, Viremia, Thymus Gland, Biology, HIV diversity, RT-SHIV, Virus, Virology, SIV or HIV evolution, Drug Resistance, Viral, medicine, Animals, HIV compartmentalization, SIV or HIV reservoir, Research, RNA, Simian immunodeficiency virus, medicine.disease, Macaca mulatta, Disease Models, Animal, Viral replication, Immunology, DNA, Viral, biology.protein, Lymph Nodes
Abstract

Background Determining the anatomic compartments that contribute to plasma HIV-1 is critical to understanding the sources of residual viremia during combination antiretroviral therapy (ART). We analyzed viral DNA and RNA populations in the plasma and tissues from macaques infected with SIV containing HIV-1 RT (RT-SHIV) to identify possible sources of persistent viremia and to investigate the effect of ART on viral replication in tissues. Tissues were collected at necropsy from four pigtailed macaques infected for 30 weeks with a diverse population of RT-SHIV. Two animals (6760 and 8232) were untreated and two animals (8030 and 8272) were treated with efavirenz, tenofovir, and emtricitabine for 20 weeks. Results A total of 1800 single-genome RT-SHIV pol and env DNA and RNA sequences were analyzed from the plasma, PBMCs, axillary and mesenteric lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, small intestine, bone marrow, lung, and brain. Analyses of intracellular DNA and RNA populations revealed that the majority of proviruses in tissues from untreated animal 8232 were not expressed, whereas a greater proportion of proviruses in tissues were expressed from 6760. Few intracellular RNA sequences were detected in treated animals and most contained inactivating mutations, such as frame shifts or large deletions. Phylogenetics showed that RT-SHIV DNA populations in tissues were not different from virus in contemporary plasma samples in the treated or untreated animals, demonstrating a lack of anatomic compartmentalization and suggesting that plasma viremia is derived from multiple tissue sources. No sequence divergence was detected in the plasma or between tissues in the treated animals after 20 weeks of ART indicating a lack of ongoing replication in tissues during treatment. Conclusions Virus populations in plasma and tissues did not differ significantly in either treated or untreated macaques, suggesting frequent exchange of virus or infected cells between tissues and plasma, consistent with non-compartmentalized and widely disseminated infection. There was no genetic evidence of ongoing replication in tissues during suppressive ART. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12977-015-0212-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Published
2015

23. A spatio-temporal assessment of simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) evolution reveals a highly dynamic process within the host

Author

Angela D. M. Kashuba, Shiu Lok Hu, Pleuni S. Pennings, Mackenzie L. Cottrell, Zandrea Ambrose, Christopher Kline, Alison F. Feder, Dmitri A. Petrov, Brandon F. Keele, and Patricia Polacino

Subjects
RNA viruses, 0301 basic medicine, Physiology, Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, HIV Infections, Monkeys, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, medicine.disease_cause, Immunodeficiency Viruses, Blood plasma, Medicine and Health Sciences, Biology (General), Lymph node, Mammals, Pharmaceutics, HIV Reverse Transcriptase, Body Fluids, 3. Good health, Blood, medicine.anatomical_structure, Medical Microbiology, Organ Specificity, Viral Pathogens, Vertebrates, Viruses, Vagina, RNA, Viral, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors, Female, Simian Immunodeficiency Virus, Lymph, Anatomy, Pathogens, Genital Anatomy, Macaque, Research Article, Primates, QH301-705.5, Immunology, Viremia, Biology, Microbiology, Peripheral blood mononuclear cell, Blood Plasma, Virus, Lymphatic System, 03 medical and health sciences, Drug Therapy, Microbial Control, Virology, Old World monkeys, Retroviruses, Drug Resistance, Viral, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Humans, Microbial Pathogens, Molecular Biology, Pharmacology, Biology and life sciences, Lentivirus, Organisms, Reproductive System, HIV, RC581-607, Simian immunodeficiency virus, medicine.disease, Macaca mulatta, Reverse transcriptase, Gastrointestinal Tract, 030104 developmental biology, Amniotes, DNA, Viral, HIV-1, Leukocytes, Mononuclear, Parasitology, Antimicrobial Resistance, Lymph Nodes, Immunologic diseases. Allergy
Abstract

The process by which drug-resistant HIV-1 arises and spreads spatially within an infected individual is poorly understood. Studies have found variable results relating how HIV-1 in the blood differs from virus sampled in tissues, offering conflicting findings about whether HIV-1 throughout the body is homogeneously distributed. However, most of these studies sample only two compartments and few have data from multiple time points. To directly measure how drug resistance spreads within a host and to assess how spatial structure impacts its emergence, we examined serial sequences from four macaques infected with RT-SHIVmne027, a simian immunodeficiency virus encoding HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT), and treated with RT inhibitors. Both viral DNA and RNA (vDNA and vRNA) were isolated from the blood (including plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells), lymph nodes, gut, and vagina at a median of four time points and RT was characterized via single-genome sequencing. The resulting sequences reveal a dynamic system in which vRNA rapidly acquires drug resistance concomitantly across compartments through multiple independent mutations. Fast migration results in the same viral genotypes present across compartments, but not so fast as to equilibrate their frequencies immediately. The blood and lymph nodes were found to be compartmentalized rarely, while both the blood and lymph node were more frequently different from mucosal tissues. This study suggests that even oft-sampled blood does not fully capture the viral dynamics in other parts of the body, especially the gut where vRNA turnover was faster than the plasma and vDNA retained fewer wild-type viruses than other sampled compartments. Our findings of transient compartmentalization across multiple tissues may help explain the varied results of previous compartmentalization studies in HIV-1., Author summary HIV-1 is difficult to treat because the virus can evolve to become drug-resistant within the body, but we have an incomplete understanding of where drug-resistant viruses originate and how they spread within a person. In this study, four macaques were infected with RT-SHIV, a simian immunodeficiency virus with an HIV-1 reverse transcriptase coding region, which can be targeted with standard HIV drugs. We sampled virus from the macaques before, during and after their viral population became resistant to administered drugs and determined the genetic viral sequences in several parts of the body: blood, lymph nodes, gut, and vagina. We found that drug resistance emerged across compartments nearly simultaneously, and drug resistance evolved multiple independent times within each macaque. Although migration of RT-SHIV between compartments is fast, compartments do not have the same distribution of viral genotypes. This is important because although studies typically sample virus from the blood to study how HIV-1 evolution in humans, our study suggests that it is not fully representative of other parts of the body, particularly the gut.

Published
2017

24. Ambulatory Blood Pressure

Author

David B. Abrams, J. Rick Turner, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Susan E. Collins, Katie Witkiewitz, Terry Fulmer, Molly L. Tanenbaum, Persis Commissariat, Elyse Kupperman, Rachel N. Baek, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Nicole Brandt, Rachel Flurie, Jennifer Heaney, Christopher Kline, Linda Carroll, Jane Upton, Patrícia Cardoso Buchain, Adriana Dias Barbosa Vizzotto, Alexandra Martini de Oliveira, Tania C. T. Ferraz Alves, Quirino Cordeiro, Lorenzo Cohen, M. Kay Garcia, Amy Jo Marcano-Reik, Siqin Ye, Yori Gidron, Marc D. Gellman, M. Bryant Howren, Manjunath Harlapur, Daichi Shimbo, Keisuke Ohta, Naoya Yahagi, Elizabeth Franzmann, Abanish Singh, Debra Johnson, Benjamin L. Clarke, Rachel Millstein, Karen Niven, Eleanor Miles, Barbara Resnick, Carter A. Lennon, Kelly S. DeMartini, Kristin L. MacGregor, Megan Kirouac, Yoshiharu Yamamoto, Urs M. Nater, Nicole Nisly, Derek Johnston, Ydwine Zanstra, Youngmee Kim, Della Matheson, Brooke McInroy, Christopher France, Shin Fukudo, Emiko Tsuchiya, Yoko Katayori, Martin Deschner, Norman B. Anderson, Chad Barrett, Mark A. Lumley, Lindsay Oberleitner, Stephan Bongard, Seth Hurley, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Anna C. Phillips, Tatsuo Akechi, Sarah Aldred, Kim Lavoie, Kate L. Jansen, Katherine T. Fortenberry, Molly S. Clark, Toru Okuyama, William Whang, Mustafa Al’Absi, Bingshuo Li, Elizabeth R. Pulgaron, Diana Wile, Beth Schroeder, Mary C. Davis, Alex Zautra, Shannon L. Stark, Ana Victoria Soto, Anthony J. Wheeler, Scott DeBerard, Josh Allen, Akihisa Mitani, Jennifer Carter, Angela M. Hicks, Carolyn Korbel, Austin S. Baldwin, Kevin S. Spink, Darren Nickel, Michael Richter, Rex A. Wright, Julian F. Thayer, and Deborah J. Wiebe

Published
2013

25. ACTH

Author

David B. Abrams, J. Rick Turner, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Susan E. Collins, Katie Witkiewitz, Terry Fulmer, Molly L. Tanenbaum, Persis Commissariat, Elyse Kupperman, Rachel N. Baek, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Nicole Brandt, Rachel Flurie, Jennifer Heaney, Christopher Kline, Linda Carroll, Jane Upton, Patrícia Cardoso Buchain, Adriana Dias Barbosa Vizzotto, Alexandra Martini de Oliveira, Tania C. T. Ferraz Alves, Quirino Cordeiro, Lorenzo Cohen, M. Kay Garcia, Amy Jo Marcano-Reik, Siqin Ye, Yori Gidron, Marc D. Gellman, M. Bryant Howren, Manjunath Harlapur, Daichi Shimbo, Keisuke Ohta, Naoya Yahagi, Elizabeth Franzmann, Abanish Singh, Debra Johnson, Benjamin L. Clarke, Rachel Millstein, Karen Niven, Eleanor Miles, Barbara Resnick, Carter A. Lennon, Kelly S. DeMartini, Kristin L. MacGregor, Megan Kirouac, Yoshiharu Yamamoto, Urs M. Nater, Nicole Nisly, Derek Johnston, Ydwine Zanstra, Youngmee Kim, Della Matheson, Brooke McInroy, Christopher France, Shin Fukudo, Emiko Tsuchiya, Yoko Katayori, Martin Deschner, Norman B. Anderson, Chad Barrett, Mark A. Lumley, Lindsay Oberleitner, Stephan Bongard, Seth Hurley, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Anna C. Phillips, Tatsuo Akechi, Sarah Aldred, Kim Lavoie, Kate L. Jansen, Katherine T. Fortenberry, Molly S. Clark, Toru Okuyama, William Whang, Mustafa Al’Absi, Bingshuo Li, Elizabeth R. Pulgaron, Diana Wile, Beth Schroeder, Mary C. Davis, Alex Zautra, Shannon L. Stark, Ana Victoria Soto, Anthony J. Wheeler, Scott DeBerard, Josh Allen, Akihisa Mitani, Jennifer Carter, Angela M. Hicks, Carolyn Korbel, Austin S. Baldwin, Kevin S. Spink, Darren Nickel, Michael Richter, Rex A. Wright, Julian F. Thayer, and Deborah J. Wiebe

Published
2013

26. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACE Inhibitors)

Author

David B. Abrams, J. Rick Turner, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Susan E. Collins, Katie Witkiewitz, Terry Fulmer, Molly L. Tanenbaum, Persis Commissariat, Elyse Kupperman, Rachel N. Baek, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Nicole Brandt, Rachel Flurie, Jennifer Heaney, Christopher Kline, Linda Carroll, Jane Upton, Patrícia Cardoso Buchain, Adriana Dias Barbosa Vizzotto, Alexandra Martini de Oliveira, Tania C. T. Ferraz Alves, Quirino Cordeiro, Lorenzo Cohen, M. Kay Garcia, Amy Jo Marcano-Reik, Siqin Ye, Yori Gidron, Marc D. Gellman, M. Bryant Howren, Manjunath Harlapur, Daichi Shimbo, Keisuke Ohta, Naoya Yahagi, Elizabeth Franzmann, Abanish Singh, Debra Johnson, Benjamin L. Clarke, Rachel Millstein, Karen Niven, Eleanor Miles, Barbara Resnick, Carter A. Lennon, Kelly S. DeMartini, Kristin L. MacGregor, Megan Kirouac, Yoshiharu Yamamoto, Urs M. Nater, Nicole Nisly, Derek Johnston, Ydwine Zanstra, Youngmee Kim, Della Matheson, Brooke McInroy, Christopher France, Shin Fukudo, Emiko Tsuchiya, Yoko Katayori, Martin Deschner, Norman B. Anderson, Chad Barrett, Mark A. Lumley, Lindsay Oberleitner, Stephan Bongard, Seth Hurley, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Anna C. Phillips, Tatsuo Akechi, Sarah Aldred, Kim Lavoie, Kate L. Jansen, Katherine T. Fortenberry, Molly S. Clark, Toru Okuyama, William Whang, Mustafa Al’Absi, Bingshuo Li, Elizabeth R. Pulgaron, Diana Wile, Beth Schroeder, Mary C. Davis, Alex Zautra, Shannon L. Stark, Ana Victoria Soto, Anthony J. Wheeler, Scott DeBerard, Josh Allen, Akihisa Mitani, Jennifer Carter, Angela M. Hicks, Carolyn Korbel, Austin S. Baldwin, Kevin S. Spink, Darren Nickel, Michael Richter, Rex A. Wright, Julian F. Thayer, and Deborah J. Wiebe

Published
2013

27. Attributional Style

Author

David B. Abrams, J. Rick Turner, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Susan E. Collins, Katie Witkiewitz, Terry Fulmer, Molly L. Tanenbaum, Persis Commissariat, Elyse Kupperman, Rachel N. Baek, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Nicole Brandt, Rachel Flurie, Jennifer Heaney, Christopher Kline, Linda Carroll, Jane Upton, Patrícia Cardoso Buchain, Adriana Dias Barbosa Vizzotto, Alexandra Martini de Oliveira, Tania C. T. Ferraz Alves, Quirino Cordeiro, Lorenzo Cohen, M. Kay Garcia, Amy Jo Marcano-Reik, Siqin Ye, Yori Gidron, Marc D. Gellman, M. Bryant Howren, Manjunath Harlapur, Daichi Shimbo, Keisuke Ohta, Naoya Yahagi, Elizabeth Franzmann, Abanish Singh, Debra Johnson, Benjamin L. Clarke, Rachel Millstein, Karen Niven, Eleanor Miles, Barbara Resnick, Carter A. Lennon, Kelly S. DeMartini, Kristin L. MacGregor, Megan Kirouac, Yoshiharu Yamamoto, Urs M. Nater, Nicole Nisly, Derek Johnston, Ydwine Zanstra, Youngmee Kim, Della Matheson, Brooke McInroy, Christopher France, Shin Fukudo, Emiko Tsuchiya, Yoko Katayori, Martin Deschner, Norman B. Anderson, Chad Barrett, Mark A. Lumley, Lindsay Oberleitner, Stephan Bongard, Seth Hurley, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Anna C. Phillips, Tatsuo Akechi, Sarah Aldred, Kim Lavoie, Kate L. Jansen, Katherine T. Fortenberry, Molly S. Clark, Toru Okuyama, William Whang, Mustafa Al’Absi, Bingshuo Li, Elizabeth R. Pulgaron, Diana Wile, Beth Schroeder, Mary C. Davis, Alex Zautra, Shannon L. Stark, Ana Victoria Soto, Anthony J. Wheeler, Scott DeBerard, Josh Allen, Akihisa Mitani, Jennifer Carter, Angela M. Hicks, Carolyn Korbel, Austin S. Baldwin, Kevin S. Spink, Darren Nickel, Michael Richter, Rex A. Wright, Julian F. Thayer, and Deborah J. Wiebe

Published
2013

28. Assisted Reproductive Technology

Author

David B. Abrams, J. Rick Turner, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Susan E. Collins, Katie Witkiewitz, Terry Fulmer, Molly L. Tanenbaum, Persis Commissariat, Elyse Kupperman, Rachel N. Baek, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Nicole Brandt, Rachel Flurie, Jennifer Heaney, Christopher Kline, Linda Carroll, Jane Upton, Patrícia Cardoso Buchain, Adriana Dias Barbosa Vizzotto, Alexandra Martini de Oliveira, Tania C. T. Ferraz Alves, Quirino Cordeiro, Lorenzo Cohen, M. Kay Garcia, Amy Jo Marcano-Reik, Siqin Ye, Yori Gidron, Marc D. Gellman, M. Bryant Howren, Manjunath Harlapur, Daichi Shimbo, Keisuke Ohta, Naoya Yahagi, Elizabeth Franzmann, Abanish Singh, Debra Johnson, Benjamin L. Clarke, Rachel Millstein, Karen Niven, Eleanor Miles, Barbara Resnick, Carter A. Lennon, Kelly S. DeMartini, Kristin L. MacGregor, Megan Kirouac, Yoshiharu Yamamoto, Urs M. Nater, Nicole Nisly, Derek Johnston, Ydwine Zanstra, Youngmee Kim, Della Matheson, Brooke McInroy, Christopher France, Shin Fukudo, Emiko Tsuchiya, Yoko Katayori, Martin Deschner, Norman B. Anderson, Chad Barrett, Mark A. Lumley, Lindsay Oberleitner, Stephan Bongard, Seth Hurley, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Anna C. Phillips, Tatsuo Akechi, Sarah Aldred, Kim Lavoie, Kate L. Jansen, Katherine T. Fortenberry, Molly S. Clark, Toru Okuyama, William Whang, Mustafa Al’Absi, Bingshuo Li, Elizabeth R. Pulgaron, Diana Wile, Beth Schroeder, Mary C. Davis, Alex Zautra, Shannon L. Stark, Ana Victoria Soto, Anthony J. Wheeler, Scott DeBerard, Josh Allen, Akihisa Mitani, Jennifer Carter, Angela M. Hicks, Carolyn Korbel, Austin S. Baldwin, Kevin S. Spink, Darren Nickel, Michael Richter, Rex A. Wright, Julian F. Thayer, and Deborah J. Wiebe

Published
2013

29. American Psychosomatic Society

Author

David B. Abrams, J. Rick Turner, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Susan E. Collins, Katie Witkiewitz, Terry Fulmer, Molly L. Tanenbaum, Persis Commissariat, Elyse Kupperman, Rachel N. Baek, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Nicole Brandt, Rachel Flurie, Jennifer Heaney, Christopher Kline, Linda Carroll, Jane Upton, Patrícia Cardoso Buchain, Adriana Dias Barbosa Vizzotto, Alexandra Martini de Oliveira, Tania C. T. Ferraz Alves, Quirino Cordeiro, Lorenzo Cohen, M. Kay Garcia, Amy Jo Marcano-Reik, Siqin Ye, Yori Gidron, Marc D. Gellman, M. Bryant Howren, Manjunath Harlapur, Daichi Shimbo, Keisuke Ohta, Naoya Yahagi, Elizabeth Franzmann, Abanish Singh, Debra Johnson, Benjamin L. Clarke, Rachel Millstein, Karen Niven, Eleanor Miles, Barbara Resnick, Carter A. Lennon, Kelly S. DeMartini, Kristin L. MacGregor, Megan Kirouac, Yoshiharu Yamamoto, Urs M. Nater, Nicole Nisly, Derek Johnston, Ydwine Zanstra, Youngmee Kim, Della Matheson, Brooke McInroy, Christopher France, Shin Fukudo, Emiko Tsuchiya, Yoko Katayori, Martin Deschner, Norman B. Anderson, Chad Barrett, Mark A. Lumley, Lindsay Oberleitner, Stephan Bongard, Seth Hurley, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Anna C. Phillips, Tatsuo Akechi, Sarah Aldred, Kim Lavoie, Kate L. Jansen, Katherine T. Fortenberry, Molly S. Clark, Toru Okuyama, William Whang, Mustafa Al’Absi, Bingshuo Li, Elizabeth R. Pulgaron, Diana Wile, Beth Schroeder, Mary C. Davis, Alex Zautra, Shannon L. Stark, Ana Victoria Soto, Anthony J. Wheeler, Scott DeBerard, Josh Allen, Akihisa Mitani, Jennifer Carter, Angela M. Hicks, Carolyn Korbel, Austin S. Baldwin, Kevin S. Spink, Darren Nickel, Michael Richter, Rex A. Wright, Julian F. Thayer, and Deborah J. Wiebe

Published
2013

30. Attribution Theory

Author

David B. Abrams, J. Rick Turner, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Susan E. Collins, Katie Witkiewitz, Terry Fulmer, Molly L. Tanenbaum, Persis Commissariat, Elyse Kupperman, Rachel N. Baek, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Nicole Brandt, Rachel Flurie, Jennifer Heaney, Christopher Kline, Linda Carroll, Jane Upton, Patrícia Cardoso Buchain, Adriana Dias Barbosa Vizzotto, Alexandra Martini de Oliveira, Tania C. T. Ferraz Alves, Quirino Cordeiro, Lorenzo Cohen, M. Kay Garcia, Amy Jo Marcano-Reik, Siqin Ye, Yori Gidron, Marc D. Gellman, M. Bryant Howren, Manjunath Harlapur, Daichi Shimbo, Keisuke Ohta, Naoya Yahagi, Elizabeth Franzmann, Abanish Singh, Debra Johnson, Benjamin L. Clarke, Rachel Millstein, Karen Niven, Eleanor Miles, Barbara Resnick, Carter A. Lennon, Kelly S. DeMartini, Kristin L. MacGregor, Megan Kirouac, Yoshiharu Yamamoto, Urs M. Nater, Nicole Nisly, Derek Johnston, Ydwine Zanstra, Youngmee Kim, Della Matheson, Brooke McInroy, Christopher France, Shin Fukudo, Emiko Tsuchiya, Yoko Katayori, Martin Deschner, Norman B. Anderson, Chad Barrett, Mark A. Lumley, Lindsay Oberleitner, Stephan Bongard, Seth Hurley, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Anna C. Phillips, Tatsuo Akechi, Sarah Aldred, Kim Lavoie, Kate L. Jansen, Katherine T. Fortenberry, Molly S. Clark, Toru Okuyama, William Whang, Mustafa Al’Absi, Bingshuo Li, Elizabeth R. Pulgaron, Diana Wile, Beth Schroeder, Mary C. Davis, Alex Zautra, Shannon L. Stark, Ana Victoria Soto, Anthony J. Wheeler, Scott DeBerard, Josh Allen, Akihisa Mitani, Jennifer Carter, Angela M. Hicks, Carolyn Korbel, Austin S. Baldwin, Kevin S. Spink, Darren Nickel, Michael Richter, Rex A. Wright, Julian F. Thayer, and Deborah J. Wiebe

Published
2013

31. Aggregate Measures

Author

David B. Abrams, J. Rick Turner, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Susan E. Collins, Katie Witkiewitz, Terry Fulmer, Molly L. Tanenbaum, Persis Commissariat, Elyse Kupperman, Rachel N. Baek, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Nicole Brandt, Rachel Flurie, Jennifer Heaney, Christopher Kline, Linda Carroll, Jane Upton, Patrícia Cardoso Buchain, Adriana Dias Barbosa Vizzotto, Alexandra Martini de Oliveira, Tania C. T. Ferraz Alves, Quirino Cordeiro, Lorenzo Cohen, M. Kay Garcia, Amy Jo Marcano-Reik, Siqin Ye, Yori Gidron, Marc D. Gellman, M. Bryant Howren, Manjunath Harlapur, Daichi Shimbo, Keisuke Ohta, Naoya Yahagi, Elizabeth Franzmann, Abanish Singh, Debra Johnson, Benjamin L. Clarke, Rachel Millstein, Karen Niven, Eleanor Miles, Barbara Resnick, Carter A. Lennon, Kelly S. DeMartini, Kristin L. MacGregor, Megan Kirouac, Yoshiharu Yamamoto, Urs M. Nater, Nicole Nisly, Derek Johnston, Ydwine Zanstra, Youngmee Kim, Della Matheson, Brooke McInroy, Christopher France, Shin Fukudo, Emiko Tsuchiya, Yoko Katayori, Martin Deschner, Norman B. Anderson, Chad Barrett, Mark A. Lumley, Lindsay Oberleitner, Stephan Bongard, Seth Hurley, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Anna C. Phillips, Tatsuo Akechi, Sarah Aldred, Kim Lavoie, Kate L. Jansen, Katherine T. Fortenberry, Molly S. Clark, Toru Okuyama, William Whang, Mustafa Al’Absi, Bingshuo Li, Elizabeth R. Pulgaron, Diana Wile, Beth Schroeder, Mary C. Davis, Alex Zautra, Shannon L. Stark, Ana Victoria Soto, Anthony J. Wheeler, Scott DeBerard, Josh Allen, Akihisa Mitani, Jennifer Carter, Angela M. Hicks, Carolyn Korbel, Austin S. Baldwin, Kevin S. Spink, Darren Nickel, Michael Richter, Rex A. Wright, Julian F. Thayer, and Deborah J. Wiebe

Published
2013

32. Area Under the Curve Across All Time

Author

David B. Abrams, J. Rick Turner, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Susan E. Collins, Katie Witkiewitz, Terry Fulmer, Molly L. Tanenbaum, Persis Commissariat, Elyse Kupperman, Rachel N. Baek, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Nicole Brandt, Rachel Flurie, Jennifer Heaney, Christopher Kline, Linda Carroll, Jane Upton, Patrícia Cardoso Buchain, Adriana Dias Barbosa Vizzotto, Alexandra Martini de Oliveira, Tania C. T. Ferraz Alves, Quirino Cordeiro, Lorenzo Cohen, M. Kay Garcia, Amy Jo Marcano-Reik, Siqin Ye, Yori Gidron, Marc D. Gellman, M. Bryant Howren, Manjunath Harlapur, Daichi Shimbo, Keisuke Ohta, Naoya Yahagi, Elizabeth Franzmann, Abanish Singh, Debra Johnson, Benjamin L. Clarke, Rachel Millstein, Karen Niven, Eleanor Miles, Barbara Resnick, Carter A. Lennon, Kelly S. DeMartini, Kristin L. MacGregor, Megan Kirouac, Yoshiharu Yamamoto, Urs M. Nater, Nicole Nisly, Derek Johnston, Ydwine Zanstra, Youngmee Kim, Della Matheson, Brooke McInroy, Christopher France, Shin Fukudo, Emiko Tsuchiya, Yoko Katayori, Martin Deschner, Norman B. Anderson, Chad Barrett, Mark A. Lumley, Lindsay Oberleitner, Stephan Bongard, Seth Hurley, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Anna C. Phillips, Tatsuo Akechi, Sarah Aldred, Kim Lavoie, Kate L. Jansen, Katherine T. Fortenberry, Molly S. Clark, Toru Okuyama, William Whang, Mustafa Al’Absi, Bingshuo Li, Elizabeth R. Pulgaron, Diana Wile, Beth Schroeder, Mary C. Davis, Alex Zautra, Shannon L. Stark, Ana Victoria Soto, Anthony J. Wheeler, Scott DeBerard, Josh Allen, Akihisa Mitani, Jennifer Carter, Angela M. Hicks, Carolyn Korbel, Austin S. Baldwin, Kevin S. Spink, Darren Nickel, Michael Richter, Rex A. Wright, Julian F. Thayer, and Deborah J. Wiebe

Published
2013

33. American Heart Association

Author

David B. Abrams, J. Rick Turner, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Susan E. Collins, Katie Witkiewitz, Terry Fulmer, Molly L. Tanenbaum, Persis Commissariat, Elyse Kupperman, Rachel N. Baek, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Nicole Brandt, Rachel Flurie, Jennifer Heaney, Christopher Kline, Linda Carroll, Jane Upton, Patrícia Cardoso Buchain, Adriana Dias Barbosa Vizzotto, Alexandra Martini de Oliveira, Tania C. T. Ferraz Alves, Quirino Cordeiro, Lorenzo Cohen, M. Kay Garcia, Amy Jo Marcano-Reik, Siqin Ye, Yori Gidron, Marc D. Gellman, M. Bryant Howren, Manjunath Harlapur, Daichi Shimbo, Keisuke Ohta, Naoya Yahagi, Elizabeth Franzmann, Abanish Singh, Debra Johnson, Benjamin L. Clarke, Rachel Millstein, Karen Niven, Eleanor Miles, Barbara Resnick, Carter A. Lennon, Kelly S. DeMartini, Kristin L. MacGregor, Megan Kirouac, Yoshiharu Yamamoto, Urs M. Nater, Nicole Nisly, Derek Johnston, Ydwine Zanstra, Youngmee Kim, Della Matheson, Brooke McInroy, Christopher France, Shin Fukudo, Emiko Tsuchiya, Yoko Katayori, Martin Deschner, Norman B. Anderson, Chad Barrett, Mark A. Lumley, Lindsay Oberleitner, Stephan Bongard, Seth Hurley, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Anna C. Phillips, Tatsuo Akechi, Sarah Aldred, Kim Lavoie, Kate L. Jansen, Katherine T. Fortenberry, Molly S. Clark, Toru Okuyama, William Whang, Mustafa Al’Absi, Bingshuo Li, Elizabeth R. Pulgaron, Diana Wile, Beth Schroeder, Mary C. Davis, Alex Zautra, Shannon L. Stark, Ana Victoria Soto, Anthony J. Wheeler, Scott DeBerard, Josh Allen, Akihisa Mitani, Jennifer Carter, Angela M. Hicks, Carolyn Korbel, Austin S. Baldwin, Kevin S. Spink, Darren Nickel, Michael Richter, Rex A. Wright, Julian F. Thayer, and Deborah J. Wiebe

Published
2013

34. Autoimmune Diabetes Mellitus

Author

David B. Abrams, J. Rick Turner, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Susan E. Collins, Katie Witkiewitz, Terry Fulmer, Molly L. Tanenbaum, Persis Commissariat, Elyse Kupperman, Rachel N. Baek, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Nicole Brandt, Rachel Flurie, Jennifer Heaney, Christopher Kline, Linda Carroll, Jane Upton, Patrícia Cardoso Buchain, Adriana Dias Barbosa Vizzotto, Alexandra Martini de Oliveira, Tania C. T. Ferraz Alves, Quirino Cordeiro, Lorenzo Cohen, M. Kay Garcia, Amy Jo Marcano-Reik, Siqin Ye, Yori Gidron, Marc D. Gellman, M. Bryant Howren, Manjunath Harlapur, Daichi Shimbo, Keisuke Ohta, Naoya Yahagi, Elizabeth Franzmann, Abanish Singh, Debra Johnson, Benjamin L. Clarke, Rachel Millstein, Karen Niven, Eleanor Miles, Barbara Resnick, Carter A. Lennon, Kelly S. DeMartini, Kristin L. MacGregor, Megan Kirouac, Yoshiharu Yamamoto, Urs M. Nater, Nicole Nisly, Derek Johnston, Ydwine Zanstra, Youngmee Kim, Della Matheson, Brooke McInroy, Christopher France, Shin Fukudo, Emiko Tsuchiya, Yoko Katayori, Martin Deschner, Norman B. Anderson, Chad Barrett, Mark A. Lumley, Lindsay Oberleitner, Stephan Bongard, Seth Hurley, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Anna C. Phillips, Tatsuo Akechi, Sarah Aldred, Kim Lavoie, Kate L. Jansen, Katherine T. Fortenberry, Molly S. Clark, Toru Okuyama, William Whang, Mustafa Al’Absi, Bingshuo Li, Elizabeth R. Pulgaron, Diana Wile, Beth Schroeder, Mary C. Davis, Alex Zautra, Shannon L. Stark, Ana Victoria Soto, Anthony J. Wheeler, Scott DeBerard, Josh Allen, Akihisa Mitani, Jennifer Carter, Angela M. Hicks, Carolyn Korbel, Austin S. Baldwin, Kevin S. Spink, Darren Nickel, Michael Richter, Rex A. Wright, Julian F. Thayer, and Deborah J. Wiebe

Published
2013

35. Allergy: Behavioral Treatment, Risk Factors, Psychosocial Aspects

Author

David B. Abrams, J. Rick Turner, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Susan E. Collins, Katie Witkiewitz, Terry Fulmer, Molly L. Tanenbaum, Persis Commissariat, Elyse Kupperman, Rachel N. Baek, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Nicole Brandt, Rachel Flurie, Jennifer Heaney, Christopher Kline, Linda Carroll, Jane Upton, Patrícia Cardoso Buchain, Adriana Dias Barbosa Vizzotto, Alexandra Martini de Oliveira, Tania C. T. Ferraz Alves, Quirino Cordeiro, Lorenzo Cohen, M. Kay Garcia, Amy Jo Marcano-Reik, Siqin Ye, Yori Gidron, Marc D. Gellman, M. Bryant Howren, Manjunath Harlapur, Daichi Shimbo, Keisuke Ohta, Naoya Yahagi, Elizabeth Franzmann, Abanish Singh, Debra Johnson, Benjamin L. Clarke, Rachel Millstein, Karen Niven, Eleanor Miles, Barbara Resnick, Carter A. Lennon, Kelly S. DeMartini, Kristin L. MacGregor, Megan Kirouac, Yoshiharu Yamamoto, Urs M. Nater, Nicole Nisly, Derek Johnston, Ydwine Zanstra, Youngmee Kim, Della Matheson, Brooke McInroy, Christopher France, Shin Fukudo, Emiko Tsuchiya, Yoko Katayori, Martin Deschner, Norman B. Anderson, Chad Barrett, Mark A. Lumley, Lindsay Oberleitner, Stephan Bongard, Seth Hurley, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Anna C. Phillips, Tatsuo Akechi, Sarah Aldred, Kim Lavoie, Kate L. Jansen, Katherine T. Fortenberry, Molly S. Clark, Toru Okuyama, William Whang, Mustafa Al’Absi, Bingshuo Li, Elizabeth R. Pulgaron, Diana Wile, Beth Schroeder, Mary C. Davis, Alex Zautra, Shannon L. Stark, Ana Victoria Soto, Anthony J. Wheeler, Scott DeBerard, Josh Allen, Akihisa Mitani, Jennifer Carter, Angela M. Hicks, Carolyn Korbel, Austin S. Baldwin, Kevin S. Spink, Darren Nickel, Michael Richter, Rex A. Wright, Julian F. Thayer, and Deborah J. Wiebe

Published
2013

36. Affect Arousal

Author

David B. Abrams, J. Rick Turner, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Susan E. Collins, Katie Witkiewitz, Terry Fulmer, Molly L. Tanenbaum, Persis Commissariat, Elyse Kupperman, Rachel N. Baek, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Nicole Brandt, Rachel Flurie, Jennifer Heaney, Christopher Kline, Linda Carroll, Jane Upton, Patrícia Cardoso Buchain, Adriana Dias Barbosa Vizzotto, Alexandra Martini de Oliveira, Tania C. T. Ferraz Alves, Quirino Cordeiro, Lorenzo Cohen, M. Kay Garcia, Amy Jo Marcano-Reik, Siqin Ye, Yori Gidron, Marc D. Gellman, M. Bryant Howren, Manjunath Harlapur, Daichi Shimbo, Keisuke Ohta, Naoya Yahagi, Elizabeth Franzmann, Abanish Singh, Debra Johnson, Benjamin L. Clarke, Rachel Millstein, Karen Niven, Eleanor Miles, Barbara Resnick, Carter A. Lennon, Kelly S. DeMartini, Kristin L. MacGregor, Megan Kirouac, Yoshiharu Yamamoto, Urs M. Nater, Nicole Nisly, Derek Johnston, Ydwine Zanstra, Youngmee Kim, Della Matheson, Brooke McInroy, Christopher France, Shin Fukudo, Emiko Tsuchiya, Yoko Katayori, Martin Deschner, Norman B. Anderson, Chad Barrett, Mark A. Lumley, Lindsay Oberleitner, Stephan Bongard, Seth Hurley, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Anna C. Phillips, Tatsuo Akechi, Sarah Aldred, Kim Lavoie, Kate L. Jansen, Katherine T. Fortenberry, Molly S. Clark, Toru Okuyama, William Whang, Mustafa Al’Absi, Bingshuo Li, Elizabeth R. Pulgaron, Diana Wile, Beth Schroeder, Mary C. Davis, Alex Zautra, Shannon L. Stark, Ana Victoria Soto, Anthony J. Wheeler, Scott DeBerard, Josh Allen, Akihisa Mitani, Jennifer Carter, Angela M. Hicks, Carolyn Korbel, Austin S. Baldwin, Kevin S. Spink, Darren Nickel, Michael Richter, Rex A. Wright, Julian F. Thayer, and Deborah J. Wiebe

Published
2013

37. Adjuvant Chemotherapy

Author

David B. Abrams, J. Rick Turner, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Susan E. Collins, Katie Witkiewitz, Terry Fulmer, Molly L. Tanenbaum, Persis Commissariat, Elyse Kupperman, Rachel N. Baek, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Nicole Brandt, Rachel Flurie, Jennifer Heaney, Christopher Kline, Linda Carroll, Jane Upton, Patrícia Cardoso Buchain, Adriana Dias Barbosa Vizzotto, Alexandra Martini de Oliveira, Tania C. T. Ferraz Alves, Quirino Cordeiro, Lorenzo Cohen, M. Kay Garcia, Amy Jo Marcano-Reik, Siqin Ye, Yori Gidron, Marc D. Gellman, M. Bryant Howren, Manjunath Harlapur, Daichi Shimbo, Keisuke Ohta, Naoya Yahagi, Elizabeth Franzmann, Abanish Singh, Debra Johnson, Benjamin L. Clarke, Rachel Millstein, Karen Niven, Eleanor Miles, Barbara Resnick, Carter A. Lennon, Kelly S. DeMartini, Kristin L. MacGregor, Megan Kirouac, Yoshiharu Yamamoto, Urs M. Nater, Nicole Nisly, Derek Johnston, Ydwine Zanstra, Youngmee Kim, Della Matheson, Brooke McInroy, Christopher France, Shin Fukudo, Emiko Tsuchiya, Yoko Katayori, Martin Deschner, Norman B. Anderson, Chad Barrett, Mark A. Lumley, Lindsay Oberleitner, Stephan Bongard, Seth Hurley, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Anna C. Phillips, Tatsuo Akechi, Sarah Aldred, Kim Lavoie, Kate L. Jansen, Katherine T. Fortenberry, Molly S. Clark, Toru Okuyama, William Whang, Mustafa Al’Absi, Bingshuo Li, Elizabeth R. Pulgaron, Diana Wile, Beth Schroeder, Mary C. Davis, Alex Zautra, Shannon L. Stark, Ana Victoria Soto, Anthony J. Wheeler, Scott DeBerard, Josh Allen, Akihisa Mitani, Jennifer Carter, Angela M. Hicks, Carolyn Korbel, Austin S. Baldwin, Kevin S. Spink, Darren Nickel, Michael Richter, Rex A. Wright, Julian F. Thayer, and Deborah J. Wiebe

Published
2013

38. Adverse Drug Reactions

Author

David B. Abrams, J. Rick Turner, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Susan E. Collins, Katie Witkiewitz, Terry Fulmer, Molly L. Tanenbaum, Persis Commissariat, Elyse Kupperman, Rachel N. Baek, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Nicole Brandt, Rachel Flurie, Jennifer Heaney, Christopher Kline, Linda Carroll, Jane Upton, Patrícia Cardoso Buchain, Adriana Dias Barbosa Vizzotto, Alexandra Martini de Oliveira, Tania C. T. Ferraz Alves, Quirino Cordeiro, Lorenzo Cohen, M. Kay Garcia, Amy Jo Marcano-Reik, Siqin Ye, Yori Gidron, Marc D. Gellman, M. Bryant Howren, Manjunath Harlapur, Daichi Shimbo, Keisuke Ohta, Naoya Yahagi, Elizabeth Franzmann, Abanish Singh, Debra Johnson, Benjamin L. Clarke, Rachel Millstein, Karen Niven, Eleanor Miles, Barbara Resnick, Carter A. Lennon, Kelly S. DeMartini, Kristin L. MacGregor, Megan Kirouac, Yoshiharu Yamamoto, Urs M. Nater, Nicole Nisly, Derek Johnston, Ydwine Zanstra, Youngmee Kim, Della Matheson, Brooke McInroy, Christopher France, Shin Fukudo, Emiko Tsuchiya, Yoko Katayori, Martin Deschner, Norman B. Anderson, Chad Barrett, Mark A. Lumley, Lindsay Oberleitner, Stephan Bongard, Seth Hurley, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Anna C. Phillips, Tatsuo Akechi, Sarah Aldred, Kim Lavoie, Kate L. Jansen, Katherine T. Fortenberry, Molly S. Clark, Toru Okuyama, William Whang, Mustafa Al’Absi, Bingshuo Li, Elizabeth R. Pulgaron, Diana Wile, Beth Schroeder, Mary C. Davis, Alex Zautra, Shannon L. Stark, Ana Victoria Soto, Anthony J. Wheeler, Scott DeBerard, Josh Allen, Akihisa Mitani, Jennifer Carter, Angela M. Hicks, Carolyn Korbel, Austin S. Baldwin, Kevin S. Spink, Darren Nickel, Michael Richter, Rex A. Wright, Julian F. Thayer, and Deborah J. Wiebe

Published
2013

39. Angina Pectoris

Author

David B. Abrams, J. Rick Turner, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Susan E. Collins, Katie Witkiewitz, Terry Fulmer, Molly L. Tanenbaum, Persis Commissariat, Elyse Kupperman, Rachel N. Baek, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Nicole Brandt, Rachel Flurie, Jennifer Heaney, Christopher Kline, Linda Carroll, Jane Upton, Patrícia Cardoso Buchain, Adriana Dias Barbosa Vizzotto, Alexandra Martini de Oliveira, Tania C. T. Ferraz Alves, Quirino Cordeiro, Lorenzo Cohen, M. Kay Garcia, Amy Jo Marcano-Reik, Siqin Ye, Yori Gidron, Marc D. Gellman, M. Bryant Howren, Manjunath Harlapur, Daichi Shimbo, Keisuke Ohta, Naoya Yahagi, Elizabeth Franzmann, Abanish Singh, Debra Johnson, Benjamin L. Clarke, Rachel Millstein, Karen Niven, Eleanor Miles, Barbara Resnick, Carter A. Lennon, Kelly S. DeMartini, Kristin L. MacGregor, Megan Kirouac, Yoshiharu Yamamoto, Urs M. Nater, Nicole Nisly, Derek Johnston, Ydwine Zanstra, Youngmee Kim, Della Matheson, Brooke McInroy, Christopher France, Shin Fukudo, Emiko Tsuchiya, Yoko Katayori, Martin Deschner, Norman B. Anderson, Chad Barrett, Mark A. Lumley, Lindsay Oberleitner, Stephan Bongard, Seth Hurley, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Anna C. Phillips, Tatsuo Akechi, Sarah Aldred, Kim Lavoie, Kate L. Jansen, Katherine T. Fortenberry, Molly S. Clark, Toru Okuyama, William Whang, Mustafa Al’Absi, Bingshuo Li, Elizabeth R. Pulgaron, Diana Wile, Beth Schroeder, Mary C. Davis, Alex Zautra, Shannon L. Stark, Ana Victoria Soto, Anthony J. Wheeler, Scott DeBerard, Josh Allen, Akihisa Mitani, Jennifer Carter, Angela M. Hicks, Carolyn Korbel, Austin S. Baldwin, Kevin S. Spink, Darren Nickel, Michael Richter, Rex A. Wright, Julian F. Thayer, and Deborah J. Wiebe

Published
2013

40. Assisted Living

Author

David B. Abrams, J. Rick Turner, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Susan E. Collins, Katie Witkiewitz, Terry Fulmer, Molly L. Tanenbaum, Persis Commissariat, Elyse Kupperman, Rachel N. Baek, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Nicole Brandt, Rachel Flurie, Jennifer Heaney, Christopher Kline, Linda Carroll, Jane Upton, Patrícia Cardoso Buchain, Adriana Dias Barbosa Vizzotto, Alexandra Martini de Oliveira, Tania C. T. Ferraz Alves, Quirino Cordeiro, Lorenzo Cohen, M. Kay Garcia, Amy Jo Marcano-Reik, Siqin Ye, Yori Gidron, Marc D. Gellman, M. Bryant Howren, Manjunath Harlapur, Daichi Shimbo, Keisuke Ohta, Naoya Yahagi, Elizabeth Franzmann, Abanish Singh, Debra Johnson, Benjamin L. Clarke, Rachel Millstein, Karen Niven, Eleanor Miles, Barbara Resnick, Carter A. Lennon, Kelly S. DeMartini, Kristin L. MacGregor, Megan Kirouac, Yoshiharu Yamamoto, Urs M. Nater, Nicole Nisly, Derek Johnston, Ydwine Zanstra, Youngmee Kim, Della Matheson, Brooke McInroy, Christopher France, Shin Fukudo, Emiko Tsuchiya, Yoko Katayori, Martin Deschner, Norman B. Anderson, Chad Barrett, Mark A. Lumley, Lindsay Oberleitner, Stephan Bongard, Seth Hurley, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Anna C. Phillips, Tatsuo Akechi, Sarah Aldred, Kim Lavoie, Kate L. Jansen, Katherine T. Fortenberry, Molly S. Clark, Toru Okuyama, William Whang, Mustafa Al’Absi, Bingshuo Li, Elizabeth R. Pulgaron, Diana Wile, Beth Schroeder, Mary C. Davis, Alex Zautra, Shannon L. Stark, Ana Victoria Soto, Anthony J. Wheeler, Scott DeBerard, Josh Allen, Akihisa Mitani, Jennifer Carter, Angela M. Hicks, Carolyn Korbel, Austin S. Baldwin, Kevin S. Spink, Darren Nickel, Michael Richter, Rex A. Wright, Julian F. Thayer, and Deborah J. Wiebe

Published
2013

41. Ader, Robert

Author

David B. Abrams, J. Rick Turner, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Susan E. Collins, Katie Witkiewitz, Terry Fulmer, Molly L. Tanenbaum, Persis Commissariat, Elyse Kupperman, Rachel N. Baek, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Nicole Brandt, Rachel Flurie, Jennifer Heaney, Christopher Kline, Linda Carroll, Jane Upton, Patrícia Cardoso Buchain, Adriana Dias Barbosa Vizzotto, Alexandra Martini de Oliveira, Tania C. T. Ferraz Alves, Quirino Cordeiro, Lorenzo Cohen, M. Kay Garcia, Amy Jo Marcano-Reik, Siqin Ye, Yori Gidron, Marc D. Gellman, M. Bryant Howren, Manjunath Harlapur, Daichi Shimbo, Keisuke Ohta, Naoya Yahagi, Elizabeth Franzmann, Abanish Singh, Debra Johnson, Benjamin L. Clarke, Rachel Millstein, Karen Niven, Eleanor Miles, Barbara Resnick, Carter A. Lennon, Kelly S. DeMartini, Kristin L. MacGregor, Megan Kirouac, Yoshiharu Yamamoto, Urs M. Nater, Nicole Nisly, Derek Johnston, Ydwine Zanstra, Youngmee Kim, Della Matheson, Brooke McInroy, Christopher France, Shin Fukudo, Emiko Tsuchiya, Yoko Katayori, Martin Deschner, Norman B. Anderson, Chad Barrett, Mark A. Lumley, Lindsay Oberleitner, Stephan Bongard, Seth Hurley, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Anna C. Phillips, Tatsuo Akechi, Sarah Aldred, Kim Lavoie, Kate L. Jansen, Katherine T. Fortenberry, Molly S. Clark, Toru Okuyama, William Whang, Mustafa Al’Absi, Bingshuo Li, Elizabeth R. Pulgaron, Diana Wile, Beth Schroeder, Mary C. Davis, Alex Zautra, Shannon L. Stark, Ana Victoria Soto, Anthony J. Wheeler, Scott DeBerard, Josh Allen, Akihisa Mitani, Jennifer Carter, Angela M. Hicks, Carolyn Korbel, Austin S. Baldwin, Kevin S. Spink, Darren Nickel, Michael Richter, Rex A. Wright, Julian F. Thayer, and Deborah J. Wiebe

Published
2013

42. Antibody Generators

Author

David B. Abrams, J. Rick Turner, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Susan E. Collins, Katie Witkiewitz, Terry Fulmer, Molly L. Tanenbaum, Persis Commissariat, Elyse Kupperman, Rachel N. Baek, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Nicole Brandt, Rachel Flurie, Jennifer Heaney, Christopher Kline, Linda Carroll, Jane Upton, Patrícia Cardoso Buchain, Adriana Dias Barbosa Vizzotto, Alexandra Martini de Oliveira, Tania C. T. Ferraz Alves, Quirino Cordeiro, Lorenzo Cohen, M. Kay Garcia, Amy Jo Marcano-Reik, Siqin Ye, Yori Gidron, Marc D. Gellman, M. Bryant Howren, Manjunath Harlapur, Daichi Shimbo, Keisuke Ohta, Naoya Yahagi, Elizabeth Franzmann, Abanish Singh, Debra Johnson, Benjamin L. Clarke, Rachel Millstein, Karen Niven, Eleanor Miles, Barbara Resnick, Carter A. Lennon, Kelly S. DeMartini, Kristin L. MacGregor, Megan Kirouac, Yoshiharu Yamamoto, Urs M. Nater, Nicole Nisly, Derek Johnston, Ydwine Zanstra, Youngmee Kim, Della Matheson, Brooke McInroy, Christopher France, Shin Fukudo, Emiko Tsuchiya, Yoko Katayori, Martin Deschner, Norman B. Anderson, Chad Barrett, Mark A. Lumley, Lindsay Oberleitner, Stephan Bongard, Seth Hurley, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Anna C. Phillips, Tatsuo Akechi, Sarah Aldred, Kim Lavoie, Kate L. Jansen, Katherine T. Fortenberry, Molly S. Clark, Toru Okuyama, William Whang, Mustafa Al’Absi, Bingshuo Li, Elizabeth R. Pulgaron, Diana Wile, Beth Schroeder, Mary C. Davis, Alex Zautra, Shannon L. Stark, Ana Victoria Soto, Anthony J. Wheeler, Scott DeBerard, Josh Allen, Akihisa Mitani, Jennifer Carter, Angela M. Hicks, Carolyn Korbel, Austin S. Baldwin, Kevin S. Spink, Darren Nickel, Michael Richter, Rex A. Wright, Julian F. Thayer, and Deborah J. Wiebe

Published
2013

43. Abdominal Obesity

Author

David B. Abrams, J. Rick Turner, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Susan E. Collins, Katie Witkiewitz, Terry Fulmer, Molly L. Tanenbaum, Persis Commissariat, Elyse Kupperman, Rachel N. Baek, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Nicole Brandt, Rachel Flurie, Jennifer Heaney, Christopher Kline, Linda Carroll, Jane Upton, Patrícia Cardoso Buchain, Adriana Dias Barbosa Vizzotto, Alexandra Martini de Oliveira, Tania C. T. Ferraz Alves, Quirino Cordeiro, Lorenzo Cohen, M. Kay Garcia, Amy Jo Marcano-Reik, Siqin Ye, Yori Gidron, Marc D. Gellman, M. Bryant Howren, Manjunath Harlapur, Daichi Shimbo, Keisuke Ohta, Naoya Yahagi, Elizabeth Franzmann, Abanish Singh, Debra Johnson, Benjamin L. Clarke, Rachel Millstein, Karen Niven, Eleanor Miles, Barbara Resnick, Carter A. Lennon, Kelly S. DeMartini, Kristin L. MacGregor, Megan Kirouac, Yoshiharu Yamamoto, Urs M. Nater, Nicole Nisly, Derek Johnston, Ydwine Zanstra, Youngmee Kim, Della Matheson, Brooke McInroy, Christopher France, Shin Fukudo, Emiko Tsuchiya, Yoko Katayori, Martin Deschner, Norman B. Anderson, Chad Barrett, Mark A. Lumley, Lindsay Oberleitner, Stephan Bongard, Seth Hurley, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Anna C. Phillips, Tatsuo Akechi, Sarah Aldred, Kim Lavoie, Kate L. Jansen, Katherine T. Fortenberry, Molly S. Clark, Toru Okuyama, William Whang, Mustafa Al’Absi, Bingshuo Li, Elizabeth R. Pulgaron, Diana Wile, Beth Schroeder, Mary C. Davis, Alex Zautra, Shannon L. Stark, Ana Victoria Soto, Anthony J. Wheeler, Scott DeBerard, Josh Allen, Akihisa Mitani, Jennifer Carter, Angela M. Hicks, Carolyn Korbel, Austin S. Baldwin, Kevin S. Spink, Darren Nickel, Michael Richter, Rex A. Wright, Julian F. Thayer, and Deborah J. Wiebe

Published
2013

44. Apolipoproteins: APOA-I, APOA-IV, APOE

Author

David B. Abrams, J. Rick Turner, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Susan E. Collins, Katie Witkiewitz, Terry Fulmer, Molly L. Tanenbaum, Persis Commissariat, Elyse Kupperman, Rachel N. Baek, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Nicole Brandt, Rachel Flurie, Jennifer Heaney, Christopher Kline, Linda Carroll, Jane Upton, Patrícia Cardoso Buchain, Adriana Dias Barbosa Vizzotto, Alexandra Martini de Oliveira, Tania C. T. Ferraz Alves, Quirino Cordeiro, Lorenzo Cohen, M. Kay Garcia, Amy Jo Marcano-Reik, Siqin Ye, Yori Gidron, Marc D. Gellman, M. Bryant Howren, Manjunath Harlapur, Daichi Shimbo, Keisuke Ohta, Naoya Yahagi, Elizabeth Franzmann, Abanish Singh, Debra Johnson, Benjamin L. Clarke, Rachel Millstein, Karen Niven, Eleanor Miles, Barbara Resnick, Carter A. Lennon, Kelly S. DeMartini, Kristin L. MacGregor, Megan Kirouac, Yoshiharu Yamamoto, Urs M. Nater, Nicole Nisly, Derek Johnston, Ydwine Zanstra, Youngmee Kim, Della Matheson, Brooke McInroy, Christopher France, Shin Fukudo, Emiko Tsuchiya, Yoko Katayori, Martin Deschner, Norman B. Anderson, Chad Barrett, Mark A. Lumley, Lindsay Oberleitner, Stephan Bongard, Seth Hurley, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Anna C. Phillips, Tatsuo Akechi, Sarah Aldred, Kim Lavoie, Kate L. Jansen, Katherine T. Fortenberry, Molly S. Clark, Toru Okuyama, William Whang, Mustafa Al’Absi, Bingshuo Li, Elizabeth R. Pulgaron, Diana Wile, Beth Schroeder, Mary C. Davis, Alex Zautra, Shannon L. Stark, Ana Victoria Soto, Anthony J. Wheeler, Scott DeBerard, Josh Allen, Akihisa Mitani, Jennifer Carter, Angela M. Hicks, Carolyn Korbel, Austin S. Baldwin, Kevin S. Spink, Darren Nickel, Michael Richter, Rex A. Wright, Julian F. Thayer, and Deborah J. Wiebe

Published
2013

45. Allele Heterogeneity

Author

David B. Abrams, J. Rick Turner, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Susan E. Collins, Katie Witkiewitz, Terry Fulmer, Molly L. Tanenbaum, Persis Commissariat, Elyse Kupperman, Rachel N. Baek, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Nicole Brandt, Rachel Flurie, Jennifer Heaney, Christopher Kline, Linda Carroll, Jane Upton, Patrícia Cardoso Buchain, Adriana Dias Barbosa Vizzotto, Alexandra Martini de Oliveira, Tania C. T. Ferraz Alves, Quirino Cordeiro, Lorenzo Cohen, M. Kay Garcia, Amy Jo Marcano-Reik, Siqin Ye, Yori Gidron, Marc D. Gellman, M. Bryant Howren, Manjunath Harlapur, Daichi Shimbo, Keisuke Ohta, Naoya Yahagi, Elizabeth Franzmann, Abanish Singh, Debra Johnson, Benjamin L. Clarke, Rachel Millstein, Karen Niven, Eleanor Miles, Barbara Resnick, Carter A. Lennon, Kelly S. DeMartini, Kristin L. MacGregor, Megan Kirouac, Yoshiharu Yamamoto, Urs M. Nater, Nicole Nisly, Derek Johnston, Ydwine Zanstra, Youngmee Kim, Della Matheson, Brooke McInroy, Christopher France, Shin Fukudo, Emiko Tsuchiya, Yoko Katayori, Martin Deschner, Norman B. Anderson, Chad Barrett, Mark A. Lumley, Lindsay Oberleitner, Stephan Bongard, Seth Hurley, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Anna C. Phillips, Tatsuo Akechi, Sarah Aldred, Kim Lavoie, Kate L. Jansen, Katherine T. Fortenberry, Molly S. Clark, Toru Okuyama, William Whang, Mustafa Al’Absi, Bingshuo Li, Elizabeth R. Pulgaron, Diana Wile, Beth Schroeder, Mary C. Davis, Alex Zautra, Shannon L. Stark, Ana Victoria Soto, Anthony J. Wheeler, Scott DeBerard, Josh Allen, Akihisa Mitani, Jennifer Carter, Angela M. Hicks, Carolyn Korbel, Austin S. Baldwin, Kevin S. Spink, Darren Nickel, Michael Richter, Rex A. Wright, Julian F. Thayer, and Deborah J. Wiebe

Published
2013

46. American Psychological Association Division 38 (Health Psychology)

Author

David B. Abrams, J. Rick Turner, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Susan E. Collins, Katie Witkiewitz, Terry Fulmer, Molly L. Tanenbaum, Persis Commissariat, Elyse Kupperman, Rachel N. Baek, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Nicole Brandt, Rachel Flurie, Jennifer Heaney, Christopher Kline, Linda Carroll, Jane Upton, Patrícia Cardoso Buchain, Adriana Dias Barbosa Vizzotto, Alexandra Martini de Oliveira, Tania C. T. Ferraz Alves, Quirino Cordeiro, Lorenzo Cohen, M. Kay Garcia, Amy Jo Marcano-Reik, Siqin Ye, Yori Gidron, Marc D. Gellman, M. Bryant Howren, Manjunath Harlapur, Daichi Shimbo, Keisuke Ohta, Naoya Yahagi, Elizabeth Franzmann, Abanish Singh, Debra Johnson, Benjamin L. Clarke, Rachel Millstein, Karen Niven, Eleanor Miles, Barbara Resnick, Carter A. Lennon, Kelly S. DeMartini, Kristin L. MacGregor, Megan Kirouac, Yoshiharu Yamamoto, Urs M. Nater, Nicole Nisly, Derek Johnston, Ydwine Zanstra, Youngmee Kim, Della Matheson, Brooke McInroy, Christopher France, Shin Fukudo, Emiko Tsuchiya, Yoko Katayori, Martin Deschner, Norman B. Anderson, Chad Barrett, Mark A. Lumley, Lindsay Oberleitner, Stephan Bongard, Seth Hurley, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Anna C. Phillips, Tatsuo Akechi, Sarah Aldred, Kim Lavoie, Kate L. Jansen, Katherine T. Fortenberry, Molly S. Clark, Toru Okuyama, William Whang, Mustafa Al’Absi, Bingshuo Li, Elizabeth R. Pulgaron, Diana Wile, Beth Schroeder, Mary C. Davis, Alex Zautra, Shannon L. Stark, Ana Victoria Soto, Anthony J. Wheeler, Scott DeBerard, Josh Allen, Akihisa Mitani, Jennifer Carter, Angela M. Hicks, Carolyn Korbel, Austin S. Baldwin, Kevin S. Spink, Darren Nickel, Michael Richter, Rex A. Wright, Julian F. Thayer, and Deborah J. Wiebe

Published
2013

47. Acute Disease

Author

David B. Abrams, J. Rick Turner, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Susan E. Collins, Katie Witkiewitz, Terry Fulmer, Molly L. Tanenbaum, Persis Commissariat, Elyse Kupperman, Rachel N. Baek, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Nicole Brandt, Rachel Flurie, Jennifer Heaney, Christopher Kline, Linda Carroll, Jane Upton, Patrícia Cardoso Buchain, Adriana Dias Barbosa Vizzotto, Alexandra Martini de Oliveira, Tania C. T. Ferraz Alves, Quirino Cordeiro, Lorenzo Cohen, M. Kay Garcia, Amy Jo Marcano-Reik, Siqin Ye, Yori Gidron, Marc D. Gellman, M. Bryant Howren, Manjunath Harlapur, Daichi Shimbo, Keisuke Ohta, Naoya Yahagi, Elizabeth Franzmann, Abanish Singh, Debra Johnson, Benjamin L. Clarke, Rachel Millstein, Karen Niven, Eleanor Miles, Barbara Resnick, Carter A. Lennon, Kelly S. DeMartini, Kristin L. MacGregor, Megan Kirouac, Yoshiharu Yamamoto, Urs M. Nater, Nicole Nisly, Derek Johnston, Ydwine Zanstra, Youngmee Kim, Della Matheson, Brooke McInroy, Christopher France, Shin Fukudo, Emiko Tsuchiya, Yoko Katayori, Martin Deschner, Norman B. Anderson, Chad Barrett, Mark A. Lumley, Lindsay Oberleitner, Stephan Bongard, Seth Hurley, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Anna C. Phillips, Tatsuo Akechi, Sarah Aldred, Kim Lavoie, Kate L. Jansen, Katherine T. Fortenberry, Molly S. Clark, Toru Okuyama, William Whang, Mustafa Al’Absi, Bingshuo Li, Elizabeth R. Pulgaron, Diana Wile, Beth Schroeder, Mary C. Davis, Alex Zautra, Shannon L. Stark, Ana Victoria Soto, Anthony J. Wheeler, Scott DeBerard, Josh Allen, Akihisa Mitani, Jennifer Carter, Angela M. Hicks, Carolyn Korbel, Austin S. Baldwin, Kevin S. Spink, Darren Nickel, Michael Richter, Rex A. Wright, Julian F. Thayer, and Deborah J. Wiebe

Published
2013

48. Asthma and Stress

Author

David B. Abrams, J. Rick Turner, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Susan E. Collins, Katie Witkiewitz, Terry Fulmer, Molly L. Tanenbaum, Persis Commissariat, Elyse Kupperman, Rachel N. Baek, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Nicole Brandt, Rachel Flurie, Jennifer Heaney, Christopher Kline, Linda Carroll, Jane Upton, Patrícia Cardoso Buchain, Adriana Dias Barbosa Vizzotto, Alexandra Martini de Oliveira, Tania C. T. Ferraz Alves, Quirino Cordeiro, Lorenzo Cohen, M. Kay Garcia, Amy Jo Marcano-Reik, Siqin Ye, Yori Gidron, Marc D. Gellman, M. Bryant Howren, Manjunath Harlapur, Daichi Shimbo, Keisuke Ohta, Naoya Yahagi, Elizabeth Franzmann, Abanish Singh, Debra Johnson, Benjamin L. Clarke, Rachel Millstein, Karen Niven, Eleanor Miles, Barbara Resnick, Carter A. Lennon, Kelly S. DeMartini, Kristin L. MacGregor, Megan Kirouac, Yoshiharu Yamamoto, Urs M. Nater, Nicole Nisly, Derek Johnston, Ydwine Zanstra, Youngmee Kim, Della Matheson, Brooke McInroy, Christopher France, Shin Fukudo, Emiko Tsuchiya, Yoko Katayori, Martin Deschner, Norman B. Anderson, Chad Barrett, Mark A. Lumley, Lindsay Oberleitner, Stephan Bongard, Seth Hurley, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Anna C. Phillips, Tatsuo Akechi, Sarah Aldred, Kim Lavoie, Kate L. Jansen, Katherine T. Fortenberry, Molly S. Clark, Toru Okuyama, William Whang, Mustafa Al’Absi, Bingshuo Li, Elizabeth R. Pulgaron, Diana Wile, Beth Schroeder, Mary C. Davis, Alex Zautra, Shannon L. Stark, Ana Victoria Soto, Anthony J. Wheeler, Scott DeBerard, Josh Allen, Akihisa Mitani, Jennifer Carter, Angela M. Hicks, Carolyn Korbel, Austin S. Baldwin, Kevin S. Spink, Darren Nickel, Michael Richter, Rex A. Wright, Julian F. Thayer, and Deborah J. Wiebe

Published
2013

49. AIDS Wasting

Author

David B. Abrams, J. Rick Turner, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Susan E. Collins, Katie Witkiewitz, Terry Fulmer, Molly L. Tanenbaum, Persis Commissariat, Elyse Kupperman, Rachel N. Baek, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Nicole Brandt, Rachel Flurie, Jennifer Heaney, Christopher Kline, Linda Carroll, Jane Upton, Patrícia Cardoso Buchain, Adriana Dias Barbosa Vizzotto, Alexandra Martini de Oliveira, Tania C. T. Ferraz Alves, Quirino Cordeiro, Lorenzo Cohen, M. Kay Garcia, Amy Jo Marcano-Reik, Siqin Ye, Yori Gidron, Marc D. Gellman, M. Bryant Howren, Manjunath Harlapur, Daichi Shimbo, Keisuke Ohta, Naoya Yahagi, Elizabeth Franzmann, Abanish Singh, Debra Johnson, Benjamin L. Clarke, Rachel Millstein, Karen Niven, Eleanor Miles, Barbara Resnick, Carter A. Lennon, Kelly S. DeMartini, Kristin L. MacGregor, Megan Kirouac, Yoshiharu Yamamoto, Urs M. Nater, Nicole Nisly, Derek Johnston, Ydwine Zanstra, Youngmee Kim, Della Matheson, Brooke McInroy, Christopher France, Shin Fukudo, Emiko Tsuchiya, Yoko Katayori, Martin Deschner, Norman B. Anderson, Chad Barrett, Mark A. Lumley, Lindsay Oberleitner, Stephan Bongard, Seth Hurley, Anna Maria Patino-Fernandez, Anna C. Phillips, Tatsuo Akechi, Sarah Aldred, Kim Lavoie, Kate L. Jansen, Katherine T. Fortenberry, Molly S. Clark, Toru Okuyama, William Whang, Mustafa Al’Absi, Bingshuo Li, Elizabeth R. Pulgaron, Diana Wile, Beth Schroeder, Mary C. Davis, Alex Zautra, Shannon L. Stark, Ana Victoria Soto, Anthony J. Wheeler, Scott DeBerard, Josh Allen, Akihisa Mitani, Jennifer Carter, Angela M. Hicks, Carolyn Korbel, Austin S. Baldwin, Kevin S. Spink, Darren Nickel, Michael Richter, Rex A. Wright, Julian F. Thayer, and Deborah J. Wiebe

Published
2013

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