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作为首批参与全国碳市场的控排行业，火电企业需要依据市场规则完成履约，其供电碳排放强度与供电量共同影响火电企业在碳市场中的履约需求。随着新型电力系统建设深化，燃煤机组将承担越来越多系统调节责任，供电碳排放强度将更多地受到其运行工况的影响。针对火电企业现状，提出一种基于实测数据因果推断的燃煤机组低碳经济运行评估决策方法，通过先验知识刻画各变量间的因果关系图，构建广义倾向得分匹配模型评估供电量对供电碳排放强度、供电标煤耗的影响函数，实现对燃煤机组低碳运行的辅助决策。燃煤机组碳排放实测数据的算例分析结果验证了方法的可行性和有效性，为燃煤机组低碳经济运行评估决策提供了一种高效便捷的新思路。

电网输配电网损引发的间接碳排放已被我国部分试点碳市场纳入管控。参与碳市场对电网企业而言是机遇也是挑战，电网作为服务低碳能源转型的减排平台，其网损水平并不完全取决于自身管理能力，网损水平的波动使得电网企业暴露于碳市场履约风险之下。前期已基于支持向量机方法，采用2012～2016年能源主管部门披露的某省有关数据，构建了网损统计分析模型。进一步根据某省发展规划构建多个未来发展假想场景，根据试点碳市场规则，对2017～ 2020年期间某省电网网损水平和碳排放配额仓位进行态势推演。基于碳排放配额仓位推演结果，进一步评估了配额跨期使用、碳抵消机制使用、碳市场灵活交易等碳资产管理措施在不同假想场景下的风险防控效果，提出了电网企业在具备不同技术条件和风险偏好时的碳资产管理策略。最后，针对现行电网行业碳排放配额分配方案，指出仍需进一步量化评估电网的减排平台作用，制定更为科学的配额分配方案。

对受动载荷作用的船体舯剖面和主机基座以及巨型门式起重机箱形梁、腿的关键结构节点的应力情况及焊接方式进行了分析;并对深熔焊在船舶入级与建造规范标准中的规定和船体结构中的实例运用以及在焊接试验研究的具体情况进行了说明,希望对建筑钢结构工程节点的焊接应用有所启发与帮助,共促发展与提高。

【目的】研究比较正常循环时及体外循环手术期间循环中巨核细胞的变化, 说明其生理学及临床意义。【方法】 观察测定10 例正常循环及体外循环手术期间肺前、后血的循环巨核细胞数目及形态, 为循环巨核细胞释放出血小板的机制 提供生理学证据。【结果】①正常循环时中心静脉血巨核细胞总数量高于周围动脉血巨核细胞总数量(P

This paper summarized the rehabilitation nursing management of a patient with severe traumatic brain injury complicated with multiple rupture of thoracic-abdominal organs based on the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery. Based on the enhanced recovery after surgery, a multidisciplinary team for rehabilitation management was set up. Comprehensive treatment and nursing interventions including postoperative management of intracranial pressure, management of traumatic liver injuries, exercise rehabilitation, postoperative thromboembolism prevention, enteral nutrition support and management of antiepileptic drug were carried out to prevent postoperative complications and improve the rehabilitation. (本文总结1例基于加速康复外科(ERAS)理念的重型颅脑创伤伴肝脾破裂、肋骨骨折、肺、肾挫裂伤危重症患者的康复护理经验。基于ERAS理念, 组建多学科康复管理团队, 制定全面的康复治疗方案, 包括术后颅内压管理、创伤性肝损伤康复、运动康复管理、术后血栓预防管理、术后肠内营养管理、术后抗癫痫等详细的康复方案, 有效预防相关并发症, 促进患者康复。)

Copyright of Food & Fermentation Industries is the property of Food & Fermentation Industries and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To investigate the relationship between overweight/obesity, vitamin D deficiency, and sarcopenia in children and adolescents. Methods In 2021, a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling survey was conducted among primary and secondary school students in Shenzhen, which included questionnaire surveys, physical examinations, and laboratory tests. Body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Logistic regression analysis was employed to evaluate the effects of overweight/obesity and vitamin D deficiency on sarcopenia in children, followed by interaction analysis. Results Among 4 931 children aged 6 to 17 years, the prevalence of sarcopenia was 10.3%, overweight obesity was 23.0%, and the rate of vitamin D deficiency was 41.2%. After adjusting for confounding factors in a multivariable logistic regression model, the risk of sarcopenia in children with overweight/obesity and vitamin D deficiency was found to be 118.107 times higher (95%CI: 73.035-190.995) than that in children without either condition. There was a multiplicative interaction between overweight/obesity and vitamin D deficiency (OR=2.436, 95%CI: 1.009-5.882). The additive interaction results also suggested a synergistic effect between overweight obesity and vitamin D deficiency, with interaction indices (S), relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), and attributable proportion (AP) being 1.684 (95%CI: 1.250-2.270), 47.591 (95%CI: 10.098-85.083), and 40.280% (95%CI: 22.650-57.910), respectively. Interaction analysis by age group further confirmed the presence of an interaction between overweight/obesity and vitamin D deficiency. Conclusion Overweight obesity and vitamin D deficiency are risk factors for sarcopenia in children and adolescents, and there may be a synergistic effect between the two. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Scholars at home and abroad consider New Zealand rabbits to be an ideal model animal because of the similar anatomical morphology of the lumbar spine to that of the human lumbar spine. There is a lack of systematic comparison of different ways to establish rabbit intervertebral disc degeneration models under X-ray guidance. OBJECTIVE: To establish a rabbit model of lumbar disc degeneration using X-ray guided acupuncture, end-plate injection and combined method, and to compare the modeling effects of these three methods. METHODS: Eighteen 6-month-old New Zealand white rabbits were randomly selected and divided into four groups: acupuncture group, endplate injection group, combined group and blank control group. In the acupuncture group, three consecutive segments of the intervertebral discs (L2/3, L3/4, L4/5) were needled and modeled; in the endplate injection group, 50 μL of anhydrous ethanol was injected at a single point on the endplates of the three consecutive segmental discs; in the combined group, three consecutive segmental intervertebral discs were needled and injected with 50 μL of anhydrous ethanol at four azimuthal points on the endplates of the corresponding segmental discs; and the blank control group received no interventions. X-ray examination was performed to measure the disc height index at 2, 4, and 8 weeks after surgery. The intervertebral disc tissues were then taken for anatomical observation and pathological examination. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Anatomical examination showed that fibrous annulus rupture, nucleus pulposus degeneration, and total disc structure disorder were the main manifestation in the acupuncture group, endplate injection group, and combined group, respectively. (2) X-ray examination showed that the disc height index showed the most obvious reduction in the acupuncture group at 2 weeks after operation, significant reductions in the endplate injection group at 2 and 4 weeks after operation, and significant reductions in the combined group at 2, 4, and 8 weeks after operation. (3) Pathological examination showed that the fibrous ring structure was damaged and the inner annulus fibrosus protruded inward in the acupuncture group; endplate fissure, disordered arrangement and nucleus loss were observed in the endplate injection group; total disc structure disorder with the nucleus pulposus losing water and shrinking and no obvious border with the broken annulus fibrosus was found in the combined group. To conclude, acupuncture, endplate injection and the modified endplate injection method can establish the rabbit intervertebral disc degeneration model. Compared with the single method, the modified endplate injection method can greatly accelerate and aggravate the degeneration of the intervertebral disc, and can effectively shorten the experiment period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: Semaphone 3A (Sema3A) is an important neurovascular growth inhibitor. It is not clear how Sema3A is involved in the pathogenesis of discogenic low back pain. Exploring the potential mechanism of Sema3A in intervertebral disc degeneration can provide a new target and theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of discogenic low back pain. OBJECTIVE: To explore the mechanism of interleukin-1β inhibiting the expression of Sema3A by activating the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway to induce intervertebral disc degeneration in rats. METHODS: RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression of Sema3A mRNA in normal and degenerative human nucleus pulposus tissues. Nucleus pulposus cells of Sprague-Dawley rats were isolated, cultured, and passaged to the 3rd generation. Then, passage 3 cells were divided into three groups: the blank control group was routinely cultured for 48 hours, the degeneration group was intervened with 10 ng/mL interleukin 1β for 48 hours, and the degeneration+inhibitor group was treated by 5 µmol/L nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway-specific inhibitor BAY11-7082 for 1 hour, followed by interleukin-1β for 48 hours. At the end of the intervention, cell viability was detected by cell counting kit-8, cell apoptosis was detected by Annexin V/FITC staining, mRNA expression of cellular matrix, vascular and neural markers and Sema3A was detected by RT-qPCR, and protein expression of marker proteins, p65 and p-p65 was detected by western blot. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: RT-qPCR assay showed that the expression of Sema3A mRNA was lower in degenerative human nucleus pulposus tissue than in normal human nucleus pulposus tissue (P < 0.05). Compared with the blank control group, the nucleus pulposus cell viability decreased and the apoptotic rate increased in the degeneration group (P < 0.05); compared with the degeneration group, the nucleus pulposus cell viability increased and the apoptotic rate decreased in the degeneration + inhibitor group (P < 0.05). Compared with the blank control group, mRNA expression of type II collagen, polyproteoglycan, and Sema3A was decreased in the degeneration group (P < 0.05), while mRNA expression of CD31 and neurofilament 200 was increased (P < 0.05). Compared with the degeneration group, mRNA expression of type II collagen, polyproteoglycan, and Sema3A was elevated in the degeneration+inhibitor group (P < 0.05) and mRNA expression of CD31 and neurofilament 200 decreased (P < 0.05). Compared with the blank control group, the protein expression of type II collagen, polyproteoglycan, and Sema3A was decreased in the degeneration group (P < 0.05), and the protein expression of CD31, neurofilament protein 200, p65, and p-p65 was elevated (P < 0.05); compared with the degeneration group, the protein expression of type II collagen, polyproteoglycan, and Sema3A was elevated in the degeneration+inhibitor group (P < 0.05), and protein expression of CD31, neurofilament 200, p65, and p-p65 was decreased (P < 0.05). To conclude, interleukin-1β does inhibit the expression of Sema3A by activating the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway, which can also increase the degradation of extracellular matrix, promote the innervation and angiogenesis in degenerative intervertebral disc, and may be one of potential factors that contribute to intervertebral disc degeneration and discogenic low back pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of University Chemistry is the property of Peking University, College of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Medical Equipment Journal is the property of Chinese Medical Equipment Journal Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The experiment was in order to select and identify different types and functions of quinoa germplasm resources and provide suitable quinoa germplasm resources which appropriate to the high-altitude and cool areas of Gansu Province. 17 quinoa germplasm resources were introduced, and their main agronomic traits, disease resistance and yield were studied and analyzed in a one-way randomized design using principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The results showed that 16 of the 17 introduced quinoa germplasm resources could emerge normally, 14 could develop and mature successfully, and CHLi13 and CHLi14 were immature but with higher plant heights. Among the 14 normal mature resources, the plant heights ranged from 78 to 182 cm, main spike length ranged from 22 to 72 cm, main spike diameter ranged from 9 to 32 mm, and the number of branches ranged from 8 to 20. Except growth period, the coefficient of variation of other indexes was about 20%. None of the tested resources showed sprouting or lodging. CHLi01 and CHLi02 exhibit varying degrees of susceptibility to stem rot, leaf spot, and downy mildew, and the most serious downy mildew disease infections were found in CHLi07, CHLi09 and CHLi17. CHLi03, CHLi06, CHLi07, CHLi08, CHLi09, CHLi10, and CHLi16 had high yields, all exceeding 3 800 kg/hm2. After principal component analysis, the cumulated variance contribution ratio of the first five factors reached 83.297%, which was well represented, with components 1 and 2 being better able to represent the relationship between agronomic traits and yield, and components 3 and 4 could better represent stem rot disease, leaf spot disease and downy mildew disease and thousand grain weight. Meanwhile, the common factor variance of each index was greater than 0.7, which could adequately represent the raw data of each index. It can be judged by cluster analysis that at genetic distance 5, the 14 quinoa resources that emerged and matured normally were classified into three major groups, among which seven resources, CHLi03, CHLi06, CHLi07, CHLi08, CHLi09, CHLi10 and CHLi16, achieved higher yields due to the high number of branches and high effective branching rate. The study indicates that the resources identified as suitable for wider cultivation are CHLi06, CHLi08, CHLi13, CHLi14, and CHLi16. Of these, CHLi13 and CHLi14 can be developed and utilized as forage, while the remaining resources can be used for harvesting of seeds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystal & Displays is the property of Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystal & Displays and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The experiment was to explore the factors affecting the yield of triticale varieties (lines) in the high-altitude cold region of Gansu Province, the experiment selected 11 triticale varieties (lines), and each variety (line) replicated three times, to conduct correlation and path analysis on the main agronomic traits, grain yield, and hay yield. The results showed that the main agronomic traits of triticale have both direct and indirect effects on the path analysis of grain yield and hay yield. From 10 indicators, nine factors with direct effects on grain yield were selected, in descending order: Spike length > number of effective tillers > thousand-grain weight > number of fertile spikelets > lower node of the spike > number of grains per spike > number of sterile spikelets > plant height > number of tillers. The traits also had direct and indirect effects on hay yield, and the direct effects of each factor on hay yield were in descending order: Lower node of the spike > number of sterile spikelets > number of fertile spikelets > number of effective tillers > second node from the top > number of tillers > number of grains per spike > plant height > thousand-grain weight. Plant height was negatively correlated with grain yield, but positively correlated with hay yield. When selecting high-yielding varieties in actual production, the positive and negative effects on the yields of both should be considered according to different utilization paths (grain or forage). The study indicates that T-133 can achieve high yields of both grain and hay and is suitable for promotion and cultivation in the high-altitude cold region of Gansu Province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Experimental Technology & Management is the property of Experimental Technology & Management Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

【Objective/Meaning】By exploring on the optimization path of deep-rooted, long-lasting and high-level development of the regional cooperation enabled by the exhibition economy, it would provide a theoretical reference for improving the interactive mechanism system between the exhibition economy and regional cooperation in the new era, so as to realize the coordinated development of the two. 【Methods/Procedures】Based on the perspective of two-way interaction, by using the methods of field investigation and comparative analysis, in view of the Cross-Strait “Agricultural Products Purchasing and Ordering Conference”, the typical case of cooperation between Fujian and Taiwan, the interactive mechanism between the exhibition economy and the regional cooperation and development was analyzed, the operation mode and practical effect of the 16th Cross-Strait “Agricultural Products Purchasing and Ordering Conference” were induced, and then the current development bottlenecks and practical problems of the cooperation between Fujian and Taiwan and the generalized regional cooperation were summarized. Last, the corresponding development paths were put forward. 【 Results/Conclusions】 The results showed that: there was a good two-way interactive relationship between the exhibition economy and regional cooperation, and the “Agricultural Products Purchasing and Ordering Conference” between Fujian and Taiwan has achieved certain results, but there were still some problems, such as the difficulty in balancing the width and depth, the lack of effective promotion of scientific and technological innovation, and the difficulty in forming the factor market within the region. Based on this, the paths for building the system of exhibition economy in China were put forward from the three aspects of “diversification”, “integration” and “digitization”, so as to better play the advantage effect of regional cooperation enabled by the exhibition economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The eastern South China Sea is mainly composed of loose sandstone reservoirs with high wax content and serious sand production. Frac-packing is often used as an integrated measure for sand control and production. Embedding of proppant and migration of formation sand influent the fracture conductivity, which nevertheless are not considered in existing fracture design methods. To resolve this issue, a new proppant index method was proposed that considers proppant embedding and formation sand migration. The proposed method was applied in a case study for a well in the eastern South China Sea, when the proppant volume is set to from 20 m³ to 30 m³, the fracture width optimized by the traditional proppant index method is at the range of from 2. 2 cm to 2. 7 cm, and the fracture length is from 18. 0 m to 22. 0 m. When considering particle migration and proppant embedding, the optimized fracture width by the new method is at the range of from 3. 5 cm to 4. 2 cm, and the optimized fracture length is from 11. 6 m to 14. 2 m. The deeper the sand migration and proppant embedding, the optimized fracture length decreases and the optimized fracture width increases. The new method considers the influence of formation sand migration and proppant embedding, which has certain guiding significance for the design of reservoir frac-packing process parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the experiment was to study the effect of artificial culture on intestinal flora of Nile tilapia. The intestinal contents of wild (YS) and cultured (YZ) tilapia were sequenced by 16S rDNA sequencing method, and the differences of intestinal flora richness and diversity between them were analyzed and compared. The results showed that Actinobacteriota, Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were the main dominant flora in the intestinal tract of Nile tilapia in wild environment. Actinobacteriota, Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria were the main dominant flora in artificial culture environment. The analysis of intestinal flora diversity showed that the community diversity index in YZ group was lower than that in YS group (P<0.05). At the phylum level, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota, Bacteroidota and NB1-j in YZ group were lower than those in YS group (P<0.01 or P<0.05), while Cyanobacteria and Dependentiae were higher than those in YS group (P<0.01 or P<0.05). At the genera level, the genera of norank_f_norank_o_Chloroplast, Mycobacterium, Paeniclostridium, IMCC26207, Methylocystis and Conexibacter in YZ group were higher than those in YS group (P<0.01), while the genera of Exiguobacterium, norank_f_Steroidobacteraceae and norank_f_SC-I-84 were lower than those in YS group (P<0.01). Spearman correlation analysis showed that the order of environmental factors on the distribution of species data was pH>NH4-N>NO2-N>O>PO4-P. At the level of genus classification, the influence of environmental factors on the distribution of species data in different grouping samples was in the order of NO2-N>NH4-N> pH>O>PO4-P. The study indicates that artificial culture will change the intestinal flora of Nile tilapia, which is helpful to explain the effects of intestinal flora on the health and growth of Nile tilapia in cultured and wild environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology. Social Sciences Edition / Haerbin Gongye Daxue Xuebao. Shehui Kexue Ban is the property of Harbin Institute of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Aiming at the problem of the influence of pocket geometric parameters of cylindrical roller bearing with V-shaped pocket on the frictional heat generation characteristics, the influence law of the wall inclination angle of different V-shaped pocket on the frictional heat generation characteristics of the bearing was studied. Firstly, the bearing dynamics model and frictional power loss model were established based on the multi-body dynamics theory and the tribology principle. Then, the influence of different geometric parameters of the V-shaped pocket on the frictional heat generation was analyzed, and the geometric parameters of the V-shaped pocket were optimized by the orthogonal test method. Finally, the frictional heat generation characteristics between bearing components were analyzed based on the optimized V-shaped pocket. The research results indicate that the geometric parameters of the V-shaped pocket have a significant impact on the pocket frictional heat generation. Under the same operating condition, the maximum difference in frictional power loss of the pocket with different wall inclination angles reaches 736.2 W. When the inclination angle of the pocket wall is α=40 °、β=50 °, the pocket frictional heat generation can be reduced effectively. In addition, the frictional heat generation of the pocket keeps increasing with the increase of rotation speed, but the increase of radial load gradually stabilizes the pocket frictional heat generation. Comparing with the optimized V-shaped pocket cylindrical roller bearing and the ordinary circular pocket bearing, the pocket frictional heat generation and total frictional heat generation of the optimized bearing under different operating conditions are lower than that of the ordinary bearing, and the contact force between the roller and pocket of the optimized bearing is also lower than that of the ordinary bearing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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(1) Background--Tourism public service is an important part of tourism service quality system, which plays an important role in ensuring the smooth progress of tourism activities and promoting the high-quality development of tourism. The rapid development of forest parks in China has greatly met the needs of tourism market development, but the spatial distribution of tourism public services has shown an imbalanced trend. How to reduce the imbalance of tourism public service development of forest parks between regions and effectively improve the quality of tourism public service of forest parks has become a hot topic of concern in industry and academia. (2) Methods--In this paper, the tourism public service level of forest parks was selected as the outcome variable, and the resource endowment, market demand, economic background, political pressure and industrial foundation were selected as the condition variables that influenced the tourism public service of forest parks. Based on the statistical data of 31 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions), this paper used fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to identify the influencing factors of tourism public service of forest parks in China and analyze the influencing paths of different configurations. (3) Results--First, the tourism public service supply level of forest parks in China's 31 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) is significantly different, with an average value of 0.286 and a complete membership point of 0. 383. Among them, 8 provinces have achieved a high level of tourism public service supply of forest parks, 7 provinces is at a low level, and 16 provinces is between the two. Second, market demand is a necessary condition for improving the tourism public service level of forest parks. Third, the configuration of high-level tourism public services can be divided into three types, namely "demand-resource support type" composed of resource endowment and market demand, "demand-economic support type" composed of market demand, economic background and industrial foundation, and "balance-driven type" composed of resource endowment, market demand, economic background and political pressure. Fourth, the condition variable of the configuration of high public service supply level has obvious substitution effect. (4) Conclusions and Discussions--First, market demand is a necessary condition for the high supply level of tourism public service of forest parks. Second, there are three paths that lead to a high level of tourism public service supply, but resource endowment is still an important basis for the tourism development of modern forest parks, and market demand still plays a decisive role in determining tourism development potential. Third, each region should accurately understand the shortcomings of the supply level of tourism public services of forest parks, improve the weak links in a targeted way, and develop supporting services in line with the tourism reception capacity of each region, so as to avoid seeking perfection. Fourth, industrial foundation, political pressure, resource endowment and economic background which affect the supply level of tourism public service of forest parks have substitution relations. Regions with weak economic background but prominent forest resource endowment should correctly understand the development law of tourism market, and should not blindly provide supporting services regardless of industrial foundation and market demand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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