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With the development of China’s rail transit system, the transfer problem directly affects the convenience of hundreds of thousands of passengers day after day, and has become an important factor which affects the operation of public transportation systems. The problem of public transportation transfer should be “people-oriented” and analyzed from the time and space mode of passengers' transfer. Based on the smart card data (SCD) of Wuhan City in March 2015, this paper studies the time-space characteristics of passenger transfer, analyzes the current situation of rail transit development, and summarizes the transfor travel mode. The research results are as follows:① In the process of the development of rail transit in Wuhan, the imbalance of rail transit services has arisen and a single-center urban structure has emerged. ② The geographical characteristics of transfer behavior are related to the city’s own geographical pattern, and three factors which influence the transfer behavior are proposed. ③ Using intelligent bus card data, it can effectively identify the social behavior of passengers (transfer behavior) and the time and space mode of passengers traveling. This paper analyzes the spatiotemporal patterns of travel behaviors such as transfer behavior and urban planning and urban space utilization from the perspective of “people-oriented” based on the analysis of big data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Land subsidence in urban areas brings loss of ground elevation, damages urban infra-structure and buildings, and affects surface runoff and hydrological cycle. Monitoring the status of land sub-sidence and revealing its formation mechanism is of great significance for sustainable urban development. Methods: Using ALOS-PALSAR images from 2007 to 2011 and Radarsat-2 images from 2015 to 2019 as data sources, based on SBAS-InSAR technology to obtain the land subsidence rate and time series, and using geographic detectors to reveal the dominant driving factors and the interaction mechanism between the driving factors of land subsidence at the scale of planning unit. Results: The results show that: (1) The average land subsidence rates from 2007 to 2011 and from 2015 to 2019 were − 3.53 mm/a and −1.48 mm/a, respectively. The hot spots for land subsidence from 2007 to 2011 are Hankou, the coast and north of Shahu Lake, the west of Nanhu Lake, and the Baishazhou area. From 2015 to 2019, it is Hankou, the north of Shahu Lake and the Baishazhou area. (2) The temporal and spatial evolution of land subsidence in Wuhan is localized, staged, and related to natural conditions and human activities. Rapid sub-sidence only occur in certain region, shows the different trends at various stages, and is closely related to the regional natural conditions and human activities. (3) Hydrogeological conditions are necessary conditions to form the spatial-temporal pattern of land subsidence in Wuhan through interaction with various factors such as ground load, underground space development, and engineering construction. The interactive effects between engineering construction and hydrogeological conditions from 2007 to 2011 are found to be significant, so do ground load and hydrogeological conditions from 2015 to 2019. Conclusion: The geographic detector can quantitatively identify the driving factors of land subsidence and the interactions between them. The interactive effects between hydrogeological and conditions engineering construction, ground load to a large extent affected spatial variation of land subsidence from 2007 to 2011 and from 2015 to 2019 respectively. In the future, continuous monitoring of land subsidence and multi-scale research on the formation mechanism of land subsidence should be carried out to further enrich the theory and method system of land subsidence research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]