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Regarding its geographical location, West Sumatra is an area prone to earthquakes. The solution to this condition is by mitigating the effects through the construction of earthquake-resistant buildings. Earthquake-resistant buildings may be constructed by replacing polymeric materials with characteristics of light, durable and good flexibilities. One of which by replacing stone as common building structure with composite material. Composite wall panels that are expected to be utilized to construct a resistant building, are made by mixing polypropylene plastic waste with coconut fiber and primary sludge from paper mill waste. The mixing method was performed using an extruder (dry mixing with heat). Composition of coconut fiber, primary sludge, and paper mill waste were 20:20:60, respectively based on the previous study. Method for casting composite wall panels was performed using hot-press. The composite wall panels showed a flexural properties of 9.6 N/mm², modulus of elasticity of 2,640 N/mm², melt temperature at 161.21°C, combustion point at 463.55oC, decomposition point at 476.99°C, carbon residue of 15.1%, density of 1.093 g/cm³, thickness swelling of 0.104%, internal bond strength of 0.61 N/mm², a good morphochemical interaction and following EN 634-2-2007 standard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to analyze the learning needs of students in writing scientific papers. This type of research is a qualitative study using descriptive analysis methods. Participants used in this study were 38 students and 4 lecturers who taught writing scientific papers. Students and lecturers are spread across 4 universities in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Data in this study were obtained from tests, questionnaires, and interview guidelines. Data is collected by providing material tests for writing scientific papers. Next, give a questionnaire to write scientific papers to students. Finally, conducting interviews with students and lecturers related to learning needs in writing scientific papers. Data were analyzed using content analysis methods. The results showed that based on the point of view of teaching materials, the learning needs of students in writing scientific papers are the main ingredients of systematic writing in scientific articles, examples of scientific articles, references relating to scientific papers. From the point of view of the learning model, the learning needs of students in writing scientific papers are fun learning, providing freedom, motivation, imagination, creativity, logical thinking, direct practice, and lecturer guidance. From the point of view of evaluating learning, the learning needs of students in writing scientific papers are direct evaluations in facing obstacles to learning and evaluations that are carried out together. Therefore, students have various needs in writing scientific papers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Asian Journal of Women's Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article explores colonial interpretations of indigenous customary law traditions in nineteenth and early twentieth century Central Java and West Sumatra during Dutch colonial rule. It argues that colonial knowledge production on and attempts at manipulating customary law interacted with indigenous responses to these attempts, generating a plurality of contentious and contested interpretations of customary legal order. Beneath the surface of the tightly knit colonial schemes of supposedly codified 'customary law', these interactions generated a reality of law-making that significantly deviated from initial intentions and concepts of judicial involvement as outlined on paper, thereby engendering novel forms of legal pluralism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The existing halal tourism literature has paid insufficient attention in discussing the COVID-19 protocol as a marketing strategy tool for tourism managers. The COVID-19 protocol is one of the considerations for tourists in determining their destination when the global society enters the new normal era and people start to travel. This study aims to interpret the relationship between halal reputation, fear of COVID-19, COVID-19 protocols and tourist's revisit intention, as well as to describe and discuss the empirical evidence. This study expands the theory on halal tourism while also offering critical insights into marketing practice in the tourism industry. Design/methodology/approach: The population of this study was Muslim tourists who have visited West Sumatra before the COVID-19 outbreak. The data were collected online for three months and received 451 responses, but after verification, only 395 respondents could be used for data processing. Hierarchical regression was applied to examine the direct relationship and moderating effect of the studied variables which met the sampling criteria. Findings: This study proves that halal tourists' revisit intention is determined by a destination's halal reputation. Subsequently, halal destinations should increase their reputation as excellent halal tourism providers. Furthermore, the COVID-19 protocol can reduce the fear of tourists visiting a tourist destination. Thus, this study gives some contribution to the tourism sector, especially on halal tourism, COVID-19 fear, and protocols and also tourist's revisit intention. Originality/value: This paper explores the adoption of the COVID-19 protocol as a marketing strategy. Furthermore, there are still few papers that discuss the effects of COVID-19 on halal tourism. This paper attempts to fill this gap. This paper expands halal tourism literature by assessing the direct relationship and moderating effect of the variables related to COVID-19 on halal tourists' revisit intention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2020, Payo Tourism Destination was declared one of Indonesia's top Guided Tourism Villages. Consequently, the potential destinations in Batu Patah Payo are poised to be developed as leading attractions in West Sumatra, particularly for Solok City, through the use of an integrated tourism model. This paper aims to analyze the integrated tourism model in the context of Batu Patah Payo's potential, from the perspectives of history, society, local government support, and academia. The findings of this qualitative study reveal that Batu Patah Payo has tremendous potential to become a premier tourist destination in West Sumatra, especially in Solok City. The study suggests that Batu Patah Payo can be developed into a leading tourism destination in West Sumatra by integrating elements of tourism, history, and local culture. The integrated tourism model identified for potential development in Batu Patah Payo is the pentahelix model, which focuses on agro-cultural history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Minangkabau community in West Sumatra employs a social system referred to as nagari. The term nagari should be defined to describe an administrative body that serves the lowest level of government bureaucratic duties in West Sumatra. The Dutch East Indies attempted to colonize Nagari, and as a result, the system of government encountered a number of transformations. The nagari faced different attitudes in each government regime during the independence era, which was similar to what occurred then. This research investigates Nagari’s dynamics and existence in state legal systems. This paper juxtaposes the official postures of different governments concerning the existence of Nagari. It is noteworthy that Nagari not only has at the grassroots level of governance but also functions as an institutionalization of the significance of interpersonal connections within the Minangkabau social order. This research utilizes an applied socio-legal methodology to examine the configuration of state law and its consequences for Nagari as a legal subject. The research findings indicate that Nagari, which represents the institutionalization of the Minangkabau social order, has undergone bureaucratization and instrumentalization since the colonial period. The bureaucratization of the Nagari has left a major trauma for Minangkabau political authority which is reflected in the structure and organization of the Nagari. The understanding of Nagari within the Minangkabau community has been impacted by the influence and dominance of governmental policies, resulting in challenges for rapid progress in reconstruction endeavors. The state must reduce domination and hegemony over the nagari in the process of establishing regulations governing the nagari. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Jurassic igneous rocks on Sumatra Island are important for investigating the Mesotethyan evolution and regional correlation in Southeast Asia. This paper presents new laser ablation-multicollector-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry zircon U-Pb-Hf geochronological and isotopic, whole-rock elemental, and Sr-Nd isotopic data for the newly identified Glebruk dolerite and andesite in North Sumatra. New zircon dating results suggest that these mafic-intermediate volcanic rocks, with ages of 150-146 Ma, were formed during the Late Jurassic. The Glebruk dolerite and andesite belong to the calc-alkaline series, are enriched in the light rare earth elements, and exhibit depletion in Nb, Ta, and Ti. Thus, they resemble arc-like volcanic rocks. They have low (87Sr/86Sr)i ratios of 0.7038-0.7048 and strong positive eNd(t) and eHf(t) values of +6.4 to +7.5 and +4.8 to +18.6, respectively. Their geochemical signatures suggest that these Late Jurassic volcanic rocks were derived from a depleted mantle wedge that was metasomatized by the slab-derived melts. The Glebruk volcanic rocks were formed in a continental arc setting in response to the Late Jurassic northward subduction of the Woyla Ocean beneath West Sumatra. Our results and regional geological observations suggest that the Mesotethyan subduction-related igneous rocks could extend from South Qiangtang through West Yunnan to North Sumatra. The Woyla Ocean could represent the southern extension of the Mesotethyan Ocean. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims at describing the study of locality development in West Sumatera in the frame of nation buiding. Locality development deals with both regional or local naming and citrus cultivation. Local naming in all 19 region of West Sumatera need to be identified and compiled to produce the document on the list of the original local naming. In fact, it has not been mostly in Minangkabaunese anymore. Roza and Morelent (2016) found that 70% of Padang local naming were not as those in their original forms. The natural resources or productive crops in West Sumatera include, for examples, the traditional citrus (Nipis 'Lat citrus aurantifolia', Purut 'Citrus hystrix DC', Sundai 'Big citrus hystrix', Kesturi'Citrus ambluycarpa'). Roza, Har, and Tawakal (2016a & b, 2017) have guided 30 Bung Hatta University students to cultivate 1483 traditional citrus in 22 schools of Maninjau, West Sumatera. There were the lack of citrus cultivation in most potential resources in the last two decades. Cultivation functions as the water supply available for societies and the ways of preventing errotion, landslide, and flood. Besides, cultivating the productive crops means developing productive and creative economy since they have already become the export commodities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on interviews and participant observation in a community of small scale oil palm farmers in West Sumatra, Indonesia, this paper investigates to what extent the interaction between transnational business governance (TBG) initiatives and the governments in the Global South have influenced local producing societies. Responding to the growing influence of TBG initiatives on the palm oil supply chain, the Indonesian government founded its own sustainable standard, and also developed the biofuel industry to increase domestic demand for the product. The TBG initiatives and the responding policies of the Indonesian government had limited influence on the international vegetable oil market. But its responding policies had strong, often adverse impacts on local society. Being involved in the oil palm plantations, the local populations were able to raise their incomes, but experienced great, often conflict-ridden changes in the customary leadership and landownership systems, and vulnerability to price fluctuations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a greater demand for a wider range of translation services that increasingly involve scientific, commercial, legal, or technical documents. Translation is no longer limited to literary works which have historically been the main focus of the translation industry in Indonesia. As it is believed that university is the best place for translator training (Bernardini, 2004; Maia, 2012), there have been attempts to put legal and economic translation into the curriculum with the premise that students should be exposed to different types of text to ensure that the materials used in translation classes are relevant to market needs (Kelly, 2000; Heidari and Mowlaie, 2016) However, translating business texts is quite challenging for students because it requires knowledge of text type and genre differences in the SL and TL, and the awareness of the relationship between context and register in terms of field, mode, and tenor are vital for the translator (Beeby, 2000). This paper discusses errors produced by Indonesian novice translators in translating terminology in business texts. The samples used in this study were produced by students at the English Department of Politeknik Negeri Padang in West Sumatra, Indonesia. The institution is a vocational college that trains students in practical competencies, including to work as professional translators. The aim of this paper is to identify the strategies used by students in solving translation problems in an effort to better understand the issues faced in the field of translation in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aimed to determine the leading sectors in working with the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) in West Sumatra. These sectors support regional readiness in facing the AEC. This study used a normative legal method, with secondary data consisting of primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. Data were analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that Indonesia has 12 priority sectors in the trade of goods and services that can be favored in facing the AEC, while the West Sumatra region has three such sectors. The West Sumatra region must be able to optimally utilize these sectors to work with the AEC. The region must prepare for regional competitiveness from various angles, because competitiveness is the key to success or failure in utilizing the AEC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rumah Gadang is a traditional Minangkabau house in West Sumatra. This house is made of environmentally wood. Many people do not understand the function and value of the Gadang house and then replace it with a modern one. This paper invites people to use it as a house to maintain their local wisdom. More presence will make the atmosphere feel more Minangkabau. Also welcomed with polite Minang language and distinctive musical accompaniment. It can remind anyone who comes to enjoy a distinctive cultural nature. Using methodology, analytical descriptions, direct observations (ethnography) as well as from the results of observation notes from previous years' visits as well as various previous studies. The key point is realizing the preservation of the Gadang house by participating directly in the community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Padang, the capital city of West Sumatra, is located in coastal areas and has a high level of tsunami disaster vulnerability (High-Risk Zone). Therefore, public buildings in Padang City must have certain technical engineering to reduce the risk of structural failure. One of the public buildings that need to be considered as an educational facility and vertical evacuation in Padang City is the Prayoga Foreign Language College (STBA) building. Based on the results of an evaluation conducted by the Andalas University assessment team, the Prayoga STBA building was designed without taking into account the tsunami loads. Therefore, it is necessary to re-analyze the building by taking into account the tsunami loads. In this study, the building was analyzed using ETABS v.18.1.1 software concerning current Indonesian building standards such as SNI 2847:2019 for building structural reinforced concrete requirements, SNI 1726:2019 for earthquake resistance building design, SNI 1727:2020 for minimum design load for buildings, and international standard of FEMA P646-2019 for tsunami loads calculation. The results of the analysis show that the building is able to withstand the earthquake load, but the capacity of the building is insufficient when the tsunami loads are applied to the structure. The beams and columns on the 1st and 2nd floors do not have strong enough capacity to resist the tsunami loads, so there is a possibility of structural failure. The effect of tsunami loads on the internal forces and other structural responses of the building is also discussed in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research goal was to analyze food industry waste in Padang City based on Food Recovery Hierarchy and 3R concept. Waste sampling refers to SNI 19-3964-1994 with 35 sampling points spread across 6 types of food industries. According to the sampling result which includes waste generation, composition, and characteristics, the management of the food industry in Padang City was studied based on the principles of Food Recovery Hierarchy and 3R Concept. The result of the study showed that waste generated is 27.44 tons/day or equivalent to 250.31 m3/day with the organic waste as the largest contributor having percentage of 85.06%. On the basis of the chemical and biological characteristics, such as water content, C/N ratio, and biodegradability fraction, the waste shows that the most compatible treatment for the waste is biological treatment with composting. First step in the principles of Food Recovery Hierarchy is applying the concept of waste reduction to the waste resulted from each industry in as many as 2.19% or 4.83 kg/day. In the second step, 44.295 or 99.92 kg/day of the waste were given to livestock. The third step involved composting 39.27% or 86.72% of the waste. The fourth step was to do landfilling with 1.77% or 3.90 kg/day of the waste. The fifth step was selling 12.48% or 25.40 kg/day of the waste that has a recycling potential to collectors based on the 3R concept. If these concepts are applied, the waste taken to the dumpsite will decrease from 16.24 tons/day to 0.49 tons/day. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technical and socio-economic characteristics are known to determine different types of fishers and their livelihood strategies. Faced with declining fish and water resources, small-scale fisheries engage into transformations in livelihood and fishing practices. The paper is an attempt to understand these changes and their socio-economic patterns, in the case of Singkarak Lake in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Based upon the hypothesis that riparian communities have diverse, complex yet structured and dynamic livelihood systems, the paper's main objective is to study, document and model the actual diversity in livelihood, practices and performance of inland small-scale fisheries along the Singkarak Lake, to picture how households are adapted to the situation, and propose an updated, workable model (typology) of those for policy. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis were used to develop a typology of fishing households. The results show that small-scale fishers can be classified into different types characterized by distinct livelihood strategies. Three household types are identified, namely 'farming fishers' households (type I, 30 %), 'fishing farmers' households (type II, 30 %), and 'mainly fishers' households (type III, 40 %). There are significant differences among these groups in the number of boats owned, annual fishing income, agriculture income and farming experience. Type I consists of farming fishers, well equipped, with high fishing costs and income, yet with the lowest return on fishing assets. They are also landowners with farming income, showing the lowest return on land capital. Type II includes poor fishing farmers, landowners with higher farming income; they show the highest return on land asset. They have less fishing equipment, costs and income. Type III (mainly fishers) consists of poorer, younger fishers, with highest return on fishing assets and on fishing costs. They have little land, low farming income, and diversified livelihood sources. The nature of their livelihood strategies is discussed for each identified group. This helps to understand the complexity and diversity of small-scale fishers, particularly in the study area which is still poorly known. This paper concludes with policy implication and possible management initiatives for environmentally prudent policy aiming at improvement of fishers' livelihood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the contents and roles of the bulletin Giat (June 1953 to December 1957), a community-based periodical published in Jakarta by a Koto Gadang foundation to support development in Koto Gadang, West Sumatra. Giat played a role as a communication medium linking people from Koto Gadang who lived outside their home area (rantau) to their original villages. In describing and analysing the bulletin, I explore its content and focus on its collecting of funds for the clean water pipeline project in Koto Gadang and on its distribution of information, especially information about Minangkabau customary law, culture, literature, and the women's movement. The bulletin also facilitated the sharing of family news among people from Koto Gadang in the village and the rantau. Giat became a medium for maintaining interpersonal connections and accommodated initiatives to develop the village. It is shown that, as a community-based publication, Giat played a role in developing village infrastructure as well as its social and cultural fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coastal dynamics have a significant effect on the use of coastal resources where more than 60 percent of cities in the world develop in this region and use it for urban infrastructure, settlements, and economic development. shoreline change is one of many indicators of coastal dynamics which is the result of interaction between biotic, abiotic and human activities which further influences policy and management practices for coastal areas. This paper presents the results of study on shoreline dynamics in Pariaman, West Sumatra using vector analysis in DSAS 4.3 between 1988-2003 and 2003-2018. The shoreline is interpreted from three Landsat images, namely Landsat 5 TM 1988, Landsat 7 ETM + 2003 and Landsat 8 OLI / TIRS 2018 that have been corrected (radiometric and geometric). The shorelines derived from Landsat combined with shoreline from topographic map by Badan Informasi Geospasial (BIG) as baseline for net shoreline movement (NSM) and end point rate (EPR) analysis. Then, The data of shoreline changes is used as a basis for qualitative analysis of local government policies on coastal management. The results show that shoreline changes occur dynamically wherein 1988-2003 abrasion occurred with an average rate of 2.88 m/yr and accretion of 1.64 m/yr while in the 2003-2018 an abrasion rate of 2.76 m/yr occurred and accretion rate 1.12 m/yr. This condition occurs along with the increase of longshore current speed. Some of the locations also have faster abrasion and accretion rates due to structural built. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management & Innovation is the property of Wyzsza Szkola Biznesu-National Louis University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: This paper aims to identify the hazards in the production process and designing standard operational procedure (SOP) in producing beef jerky (dendeng Lambok). This SOP is designed with the application of hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) that aimed to be a standard guideline for producing dendeng lambok products that are safe for consumption. Design/methodology/approach: Problems that are generally found in the food industry are that there are many products, which do not meet food safety standards so that these products are not safe for consumption. The method can be used in dealing with these problems is to apply HACCP and design the SOP for the production of dendeng lambok. The initial data used are a flow diagram of the dendeng lambok production process. Flowchart of dendeng lambok production process is needed to identify hazards in each process. Based on the identification of hazards in each process, a process is included in the critical control point (CCP). Furthermore, SOP is designed for processes that enter CCPs. Findings: Based on the application of HACCP, there are four processes that are included in the CCP consisting of boiling beef, beef frying, chili frying and packaging. SOP is designed for processes included in the CCP so that they can be used as standard guidelines in the dendeng lambok production process in producing products that are safe for consumption. Research limitations/implications: HACCP is a method that is widely applied to ensure the products produced are safe for consumption. Based on previous research studies, the application of HACCP can reduce the hazard to food and the resulting product is safe for consumption. The application of HACCP can also improve the safety and quality of products, thereby causing a decrease in overall costs and increasing company revenue. Practical implications: This research can only be useful for one of the small and medium food-industries in West Sumatra, Indonesia. It is, namely, Asal Seiya Sekata (ASESE), Ltd. This is because the SOP is designed in accordance with the conditions and problems in the dendeng lambok production process at ASESE, Ltd. Social implications: This research is expected to help ASESE, Ltd. in maintaining the quality and safety of the produced dendeng lambok products. HACCP is applied in the production process dendeng lambok done to minimize the hazards of each production process dendeng lambok. The SOP is given as a standard guideline in the production process of dendeng lambok in producing products that are safe for consumption. Originality/value: SOP designed can be used as a reference or guideline in the production process of dendeng lambok to reduce hazards in the process that included in the CCP. SOP designed for boiling beef, beef frying, chili frying and packaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

West Sumatra Province has many small cities considered by population size as well as their built-up area. In these cities, a vast paddy field landscape still exists as a prominent characteristic. However, there are varied patterns of built-up area change among the cities. This paper examines the patterns of changes over the past 13 years from 2005 to 2018 using spatial metrics method. The measurements consist of the number of patches, patch density, mean patch size, and Urban Sprawl Index. Patterns of built-up area change generated by combining such measurements. It is found that the relationship between spatial geometry measures and growth rate measure is weak. Therefore, the study suggests identifying trends and comparisons among cities with the same characteristics to interpret spatial metrics method appropriately. The study also shows three types of built-up area change: (a) infilling with low-density development, (b) edge expansion with low-density development, and (c) edge expansion with scattered/leapfrogging development. The development of cities in the first and second types had a compact pattern, while the third tended to develop fragmented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores travel risk associated with natural disasters focusing on a developing country context using a bottom-up approach. A mixed method was used to identify seven travel risk types from tourists' perspective. The exploratory sequential design was applied to 52 respondents in the qualitative phase and 605 respondents in the quantitative phase. The study area was West Sumatra, Indonesia, a popular tourist destination that is prone to natural disasters. This study found different dimensions of travel risk and provide scales for future research in Indonesia and other developing countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The abrasion disaster that has resulted in remarkable coastline changes is one of the national disasters that concern the Indonesian government. The West Sumatra Government which has a significant long beach has made many abrasion prevention structures to stop loosing of hundreds of meters of land due to abrasion. In fact, the abrasion prevention structures not only protect the beach but on the other hand they also change the shape of the beach. A field study has been conducted and found that beaches that have been protected with abrasion prevention structures are susceptible to changes in shape. On the one side, the change provides benefits but on the other hand, it causes a new problem. This paper explains the relationship between the dimensions of the coastal abrasion prevention structure and the properties of adjacent beach sediment related to the shoreline changes occurring in West Sumatra. This study is very important to provide a prediction of shoreline changes due to the prevention of abrasion related to the beach soil properties. The result can be used to determine the precise abrasion prevention structures in accordance with the conditions of sediment on the beach for a future expected change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the various expressions in mananam padi 'planting rice' procession in Biaro Gadang village, IV Angkat district, Agam residence, West Sumatra. The expressions are studied in ecolinguistics perspective which views language as a system in relation with environment and human behavior. The change in Minangkabau agricultural expression reflects major social change in Minang environmental awareness and behavior. The extinctions of traditional expressions and words really disrupt some key aspects in Minangkabau agriculture. This phenomenon is caused by advanced agricultural technology. The loss of lexicons results the extinction of a number of Minangkabau cultural assets and values. This method of this research is survey and interview related areas in West Sumatera. This problem brings further effect in Minangkabau culture as a whole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The length of the West Sumatra Province coastline is 420 km. The coastal area has many settlements and as a source of natural attraction for tourism industry. However, due to the increase of hydrometeorological disaster such as abrasion, there has been considerable damage to approximately 180 km of coastal length in recent years. This paper aims to identify the relationship between the types of vegetation that grow along the coast with the abrasion rate and to identify the role of the community for conservation of vegetation. The aim is achieved through literature review, observation, and interviews with government official and communities who live on the beach. Data processing is done by analyzing the relationship between abrasion rate and vegetation type, and by conducting content analysis on interview data. It was found that certain types of plants have the ability to cope with and reduce abrasion rates. Plant breeding and planting is recommended to be a part of non-structural mitigation efforts. Community empowerment in planting and maintaining vegetation provides excellent results for sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Southeast Asia, inland fish resources are crucial for small-scale fishing households. Their decline, due to overfishing and a set of socio-ecological factors, jeopardises aquatic ecosystems and the livelihoods of fishing communities. Singkarak Lake (West Sumatra) exemplifies this sustainability challenge. The paper proposes a multi-disciplinary analysis of the situation. First, it identifies and documents the primary livelihood systems and the strategic adaptations involved in fishing communities. Based upon a sample of 200 households and the implementation of multivariate analyses, a typology is developed. Three household types are identified. Type I comprises better-off farming fishers that have high fishing capitals and income but the lowest returns on fishing and land assets. Type II includes poor fishing farmers with higher farming income; they show the highest return on land assets. Type III is composed of poorer, younger fishers with the highest return on fishing assets and fishing costs. They have little land, low farming income, and diversified livelihood sources. Second, the technical efficiency (TE) of fishing households is studied using a data envelopment analysis. The results show that the average TE is low, but marked differences exist between the types. Type I households have the lowest TE in fishing, confirming an extensification and overcapitalisation strategy. Type II households show a high technical fishing efficiency. They have developed on-farm diversification with a combined, balanced livelihood system. Type III households are the most efficient fishers. They developed an intensification strategy together with off-farm diversification. Different livelihood strategies and economic portfolio have been developed as the response to the limited resources, uncertainty, fluctuating environment and other source of vulnerability. The fishers built up their livelihood based on their assets' ownership, access to other resource out of fishing and their socio-economic status. In this context, understanding livelihood diversity among small-scale fishers, different socio-economic, their efficiency, constraints and opportunities emerge as important factor in policy formulation to enhance support to small-scale fishing communities and improved management of both the resources and local development. Finally, the paper suggests a focus on people and community-related solutions and proposes a threefold approach of resource conservation, livelihood improvements and restructured governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dadih, also known as dadiah, is a traditional fermented buffalo milk from Minangkabau tribe in West Sumatra. This product is similar to yogurt, with a smooth and shiny surface, thick-bodied, creamy color and pleasant flavor. Microbes that play a dominant role in dadih fermentation are lactic acid bacteria, which possess several functional features, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, antimutagenic, hypocholesterolemic and immunomodulatory properties. However, traditional dadih production faced numerous challenges that impede its development, including the limitation of buffalo milk production, unstandardized dadih production due to the spontaneous fermentation, safety concerns from the absence of heat treatment, as well as limited shelf-life and consumer acceptance of traditional dadih product. Therefore, it is crucial to improve buffalo cultivation, using different types of milk, and apply pasteurization process in dadih production. Furthermore, innovation in dadih product that is more durable and preferred by consumers can be achieved through the application of various processing and packaging technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to expose the revitalization of Siriah Gadang cultural values in Galombang dance performed in Guguak village, Pariangan, Tanah Datar Regency, West Sumatra. Siriah Gadang is almost extinct because it is very rarely used. It is a cultural object with the same function as Cara-no, which is currently used for Galombang dance performances. To achieve this goal, qualitative research was used through observation, documentation, in-depth interviews, and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) techniques. The data obtained were analyzed using the Miles and Haberman model. It was found that the cultural values in Siriah Gadang are customary values, ethical values, social values, religious values, and leadership values reflected in the philosophy of the Minang-kabau people "adaik basandi syarak, syarak basandi Kitabullah." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cacao plays an important role in the Indonesia economy. Therefore, its production and area expansion have to increase to achieve maximum cacao productivity by the quality and superior cacao clones. Shoot tip grafting is one of the propagation methods to obtain superior cacao plants by applying Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs). Research on the effect of several PGRs with various concentrations on cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) shoot tip grafting was conducted at the Integrated Innovation Farmer Group, Belubus, Sungai Talang Village, Guguak District, Lima Puluh Kota Regency, West Sumatra from February until June 2022. This study aimed to determine the interaction between PGR type and concentration on the grafting success and growth of cacao shoot tip grafted seedling. The research was designed by a Factorial Completely Randomized Design with three replications. The first factor was the type of PGR, i.e., synthetic PGR (BAP), young corn seed extract, shallot extract, and young coconut water. The second factor was the concentration of PGR, i.e., 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%. The results showed an interaction between PGRs with some concentrations on the number of shoots, shoot length, and leaf length on the grafted cacao seedling. The natural PGR from young coconut water at a concentration of 75% gave the best effect on the number of shoots (3.33 shoots) and shoot length (24.50 cm) of cacao seedling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the current era of globalization, technology is something that is indispensable and even used every day, both in long-distance activities, education, work, socialization, and even entertainment such as playing online games, not even a few children who see negative video channels on social media. So the fact is that currently social media does have a big influence on a person's life, both negative and positive impacts. One of them is for children aged 6-12 years. At school, children also prefer to play social media rather than interact and play with children their age. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of social media on the learning process of children aged 6-12 years. This research uses quantitative methods, data used through online interviews and distributing questionnaires through the use of google froom. The results of this study explain that social media is very influential on children's learning both at school and children's learning at home. So that children's time in learning becomes less effective because they are too busy playing social media, due to lack of supervision from parents. The conclusion from the results of this study explains that the impact of social media on the learning process of children aged 6-12 years is very influential on the child's learning process. The limitation of this study is that researchers only conducted research in one school in the Batanng anai sub-district of West Sumatra province. Researchers hope that this research process can be useful for readers and other parties. this study also recommends that other studies make references related to the impact of social media on the learning process of children 6-12 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This study aims to determine the effect of green brand positioning and knowledge and attitudes toward green brands on green product purchase intention moderated by environmental awareness. Collected data were from 230 Generation Y respondents in West Sumatra, Indonesia, who intended to purchase a low-cost green car. The achievement of this research is the implementation of environmental management policies in West Sumatra by increasing Generation Y awareness to buy green products to maintain the carrying capacity of the environment and encourage changes in environmentally conscious behavior. METHODS: This study used a survey approach with a questionnaire. The population in this study is Generation Y in West Sumatra, who intend to buy low-cost green cars. This study used a nonprobability approach in the sample selection. A purposive sampling technique was applied, and data were analyzed using a structural equation model - the partial least squares method. FINDINGS: There are five crucial findings in this study. First, green brand positioning has a significant effect on attitudes toward green brands, green product purchase intention, and green brand knowledge, which are 0.192, 0.151, and 0.680, respectively. Second, green brand knowledge has a significant effect on attitudes toward green brands and green product purchase intention, which are 0.271 and 0.229, respectively. Third, attitudes toward green brands have a significant effect on green product purchase intention of 0.067. Fourth, attitudes toward green brands mediate green brand positioning and knowledge on green product purchase intention by 0.218 and 0.057, respectively. Fifth, environmental awareness has a moderating effect between attitudes toward green brands and green product purchase intention at 0.161 but does not have a moderating effect between green brand positioning and green product purchase intention. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study are for green marketers to supply high access levels to green product demand because consumers are increasingly aware of environmental preservation, and marketers must emphasize quality, price, and advertising to increase demand for green products. Moreover, the respondents were only taken from West Sumatra Province, so the study results cannot represent the entire country (Indonesia). Therefore, further research should attempt to expand the sample size to include more provinces in Indonesia. Finally, this study used a cross-sectional research design, which gathered data simultaneously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eggs and chicken meat are poultry products, and their demand continuously increases yearly. Limapuluh Kota Regency is the home of the largest chicken layer industry in West Sumatra. This district's total population of chickens reaches as much as 10 million. This industry has made a significant contribution to the district's economy. In contrast, the number of farmers decreased significantly due to the low profit margin, while the egg market price was comparatively high. Our study aimed to investigate the value chain in the poultry product industry, especially in West Sumatra, and how the added value is shared among the actors. We want to determine the distribution channels, the actors, value creation, and value distribution along the supply chain. We analyze the value chain of the chicken layer industry, identify activities performed by each actor, and value creation in each stage. Value added was analyzed using a value-added Hayami method, defining the value added as the difference between the output and input values. The results showed that the structure of the industry value chain of chicken layer farms in Limapuluh Kota Regency consists of poultry shops (PS), breeders, traders, wholesalers, small traders, and consumers. Comparative analysis showed that wholesalers gain the most significant value-added distribution at 29.11 %, the second the breeder at 29.05 %, then small traders at 20.07 %, and then poultry shops at 14.17 %, and the last is traders at 7.60 %. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The low quality of public services often becomes a public complaint. It even becomes a bad image in the eyes of the public, causing a feeling of public dissatisfaction with the services provided. In service, attitude plays an important role because it is one of the service quality indicators. Good service will be seen from the way and attitude of employees in providing services to the community. This study aims to measure and analyze the influence of the attitude of the Nagari apparatus on public satisfaction through the quality of public services in West Sumatra, Indonesia. An associative quantitative approach was chosen to achieve this goal. The population in this study were people who had dealt with Nagari officials in West Sumatra in public service matters. The sample is determined through two stages, namely: cluster area and quota sampling. A sample of 425 from eight Nagari. Questionnaires validated and tested for reliability were distributed to these respondents. The collected data were then analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) Analysis Moment of Structural (AMOS) statistics. The literature study also supports data collection. The results of the research confirm and prove that there is a significant influence of the attitude of the Nagari apparatus on public satisfaction, both directly and through the mediating role of service quality. Thus the results of this study have provided evidence that the model built can be used as an academic rationale to strengthen the theories and models that have been reviewed in this research study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite a growing national economy and a raft of initiatives designed to improve livelihoods, 39% of fishers in West Sumatra are poor. In this paper, we present the results of interview-based research with stakeholders in 25 fishing communities in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Thirty-one enabling and constraining livelihood development factors are identified and classified according to the Sustainable Livelihoods Analysis. We recommend that these factors form a basis from which decision makers ensure that future livelihood improvement programs adequately recognize the integrated nature of poverty amongst poor fishers. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Like many nations Indonesia is pressing ahead with a marine spatial planning process intended to bring coherence to marine management. As a contribution to this, broad scale oceanographic surveys are being undertaken at considerable cost to the tax payer. While the desire to deepen understanding of the marine environment is admirable, the limited social and economic component of this process is regrettable. Ironically, these social–economic data are routinely collected and it is the process of integrating these data that is missing. As a step in the right direction, this paper outlines a simple methodology using social–economic statistics consistently collected by government agencies and applies it to one coastal province of Indonesia, West Sumatra. Two indices are developed to map fisheries dependence and incidences of poverty amongst fishers at three spatial scales. Using census data of employment and poverty across all economic sectors, incidences of poverty amongst fishers are placed in the wider poverty context in order to begin to answer the question of whether ‘fishery truly rhymes with poverty’ using empirical data. This study identified the following trends; 1) that the number of fishers in a state of poverty is increasing, 2) fishing together with crop farming are the two sectors in which incidences of poverty are greatest, 3) there is no significant correlation between high fishing dependency and high proportions of poverty amongst fishers, 4) there is a significant correlation between agricultural dependence and total percentage poverty in coastal communities and 5) there are inverse correlations between the strength of other economic sectors and poverty in the agricultural sector. Implications for poverty alleviation initiatives and policy recommendations are briefly discussed. The methodology described in this paper is instantly applicable to the ongoing implementation of the national marine spatial planning program. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The article explores the comparatively peaceful reconstitution of the relationships between law, religion and identification processes among the Minangkabau in West Sumatra, Indonesia, since the fall of the Suharto regime in 1998. The local reorganization of village government and land claims included the revitalization of adat institutions which in turn provoked a reconsideration of the role of Islam, as indeed of the meaning of ‘being Minangkabau’, indicating tensions within the relationships between matrilineal Minangkabau adat, Islam, and the state. The paper seeks to explain this reconsideration and contestation of Minangkabau identity, and how the various actors mobilize identification with a particular legal order within the plural legal constellation enhanced by the recent decentralization process in Indonesia. Disputes seem to be an important avenue for understanding identification processes, and conversely, disputing cannot be understood without a comprehension of identity formation. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The interpretation of illness and its meaning to individuals and groups is largely a product of culture and is based on shared experience, historical significance, and the social function of individuals in the community. West Sumatra, like many parts of Indonesia, has experienced rapid development and modernization since the nation achieved independence in 1945 and is currently 12 years into Regional Autonomy, a dramatic shift in national administration from a highly centralized system to one which devolved authority to the level of district or municipal government. These changes have brought Indonesians into contact with an increasingly globalized culture and have put pressure on traditional institutions and practices. This is especially significant in the area of health, where considerable tension exists between the allopathic conceptualization of health (as espoused by health care professionals in the formal sector) and traditional interpretations of health that derive from a traditional cultural and linguistic frame of reference. This paper, based on fieldwork in the Indonesian region of Tanah Datar, West Sumatra, describes the impact of cultural and linguistic factors on the interpretation of illness among rural residents and elucidates the growing impact of multiple systems of meaning in local understanding of health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marriage is the strongest relationship in terms of controlling human behaviour. There are various reasons why men and women want to be tied through marriage, such as religious, economic, social and cultural factors, and even politics. Cultural factors have special characteristics because they are the product of creativity, human feelings and intentions brought from birth that are passed down from generation to generation. This paper aims to describe the cultural values that affect the lives of the Minangkabau ethnic women who marry other ethnic men. This study is based on interviews with 37 women in 7 districts in West Sumatra where the Minangkabau tribe reside. The women live in either urban or rural areas such as Padang, Pariaman, Agam, Tanah Datar, 50 Kota, Payakumbuh and Solok. The women come from various educational backgrounds, from senior high school through to university with more than 5 years marriage between them. This research asked 4 main questions: What are the conditions that must be met by a man in order to be able to marry a Minangkabau woman? Where do the couple meet? What culture must be applied when running the household? How do they direct the future of their children? The results showed that a man from a different ethnic background than Minangkabau must follow the malakok tradition as a requirement if he wants to marry a Minangkabau woman. Malakok results in the men being traditionally accepted by the Minangkabau community. This tradition is still practiced in Minangkabau modern society, especially by those who live in Nagari (village) and who have a strong Kerapatan Adat Nagari (Village Culture Institution). The majority of women meet with their partners in the overseas area. They then bring their partners back to live with their extended family. The culture of the household is Minangkabau, including when educating any children. This study found that the Minangkabau culture places women as the educators of children, in addition to their roles as household regulators and role models for the community. These cultural values have proven to be successful in creating harmonious households, as well as becoming characteristic of Minangkabau women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Beef is a perishable food that can be naturally preserved using antimicrobial chemicals in a procedure known as biopreservation. Probiotic bacteria, or bacteria with the ability to create antimicrobial metabolites, are known as lactic acid bacteria. Fermented foods such as dadih, or fermented buffalo milk, from West Sumatra, Indonesia, contain lactic acid bacteria. This study aims to explore the existence of probiotic lactic acid bacteria in dadih and the effectiveness of utilizing lactic acid bacteria metabolites as biopreservatives in beef for nine days at 4 °C. The DK1 strain of lactic acid bacteria showed the most antibacterial metabolite activity against Salmonella sp. (11.5 mm) and Escherichia coli (13 mm) among the three isolates examined. Probiotic characteristics set the DK1 isolate apart; resistance test results showed over 106 CFU/mL, pH 2–4, a temperature range of 25 °C to 45 °C, and 0.3% bile salt. DK1 isolates tested positive for auto-aggregation 89.2% of the time. The co-aggregation test results for Salmonella sp. and E. coli reveal 46.9% and 53.1%, respectively. The findings of the bio preservation showed that, overall, treated beef contained fewer E. coli and other microorganisms than untreated meat. Furthermore, compared to control beef, metabolite-treated meat showed a shift in hue and a lower, more constant pH value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]