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The agricultural workforce in the UK has been declining since the middle of the last century However, the different types of agricultural labour have been variously affected, and hence the composition of the agricultural workforce has been undergoing continuous change These changes in the structure of the agricultural workforce have serious implications not only for the policy makers but also for farm workers and farm businesses and those that service their needs This study compares and explores the own price elasticity of demand for two groups of agricultural labour -- that of family and hired -- to enable the effects of agricultural policy on the structure of the agricultural workforce in both the short and long run to be estimated This was done using two different methodologies -- single equation and duality based system models The similarities in the resulting elasticities give confidence in the estimates These estimates can be used to help forecast the future structure of the agricultural workforce [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epidemiological studies among migrant ethnic groups are potentially important as a way to provide insight into the relative importance of genetic, cultural, and socioeconomic factors in the etiology of substance use disorders. This paper summarizes prior United Kingdom studies of the prevalence of substance-use-associated problems in different ethnic groups before analyzing trends in recent mortality data by country of birth. On this evidence, rates of alcohol-related mortality may be marginally higher for those born in the Caribbean than for the native British, but are substantially raised for those born in Ireland and the Indian subcontinent. There is some indication that rates for the Caribbean and possibly the Irish groups have risen more rapidly than for the national population over a 12-year period. These differences in mortality rates seem to have arisen for complex reasons.