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Background: My Dispense is a virtual pharmacy simulation developed for students to train and practice dispensing skills in a safe environment that causes no harm to patients. This study was aimed to investigate learners' perspectives on the effectiveness of MyDispense and its suitability to integrate into the clinical pharmacy module in Viet Nam. Methods: A mixed method approach was undertaken. Fourth- and fifth-year pharmacy students at University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh city and community pharmacists were invited to complete a survey questionnaire and to participate in semi-structured interviews. Results: A total of 92/99 participants agreed to take part, of which 75% of participants were students and 65.2% were female. About three-quarters of the participants agreed or strongly agreed that MyDispense improved their dispensing skills, such as patient counselling (70.6%) and collecting patient infomation (85.9%). The majority of the participants (84.8%) considered that MyDispense was suitable to integrate into the clinical pharmacy module. Qualitative analysis from the interviews highlighted the advantages of MyDispense, comprising high interactivity with users, safe environment for practicing medication dispensing, and diversity of common marketed medications. In addition, certain barriers of this programme were also reported, including the complicated process, inconsistent quality of product images, and mixed English-Vietnamese languages. Conclusions: From learner's perspectives, MyDispense was an effective tool to enhance dispensing skills and was suitable to integrated into the clinical pharmacy module in Viet Nam. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Scarce information exists about immunity to hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) among household contacts of index cases in Vietnam and what that means for reducing ongoing HFMD transmission in the community. Methods. We analyzed neutralizing antibodies (NT) and the incidence of enterovirus (EVs) infection among household contacts of index cases in a province where HFMD remains endemic. Throat swab and 2 mL blood samples from household contacts were collected at enrollment, during and after 2 weeks follow-up. Results. The incidence of EV-A71 infection among household contacts was 40/84 (47.6%, 95% Cl: 36.9-58.3%), compared with 106/336 (31.5%, 95% Cl: 26.6-36.5%) for CV-A6 and 36/107 (33.6%, 95% Cl: 24.7-42.6%) for CV-A16. The incidence of CV-A6 infection was fairly constant across ages; in contrast, CV-A71 and CV-A16 had some variation across ages. At baseline, higher geometric mean titer (GMT) of EV-A71, CV-A6, and CV-A16 antibody titers was found for 25-34-year groups (range 216.3 to 305.0) compared to the other age groups. There was a statistically significant difference in GMT values of CV-A6 and CV-A16 between those who had an infection or did not have infection among households with an index case of these serotypes. Conclusions. Our results indicated that adults were becoming infected with HFMD and could be contributing to the transmission. There is, therefore, a need for considering the household setting as an additional target for intervention programs for HFMD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Luong Son is a district to the east gateway of Hoa Binh province, adjacent to Hanoi the capital and the northwest of Vietnam. Against the background of the rapidly expanding natural resources exploitation, a lack of experience in the general management of resources is obvious. The problem of serious environmental pollution occurs due to the increase of mining activities. This is especially true in mining areas located near fast-growing urban areas. In particular, after the end of the exploitation and mine closure, there is a need to improve and recover the environmental conditions in order to protect untapped mineral reserves and to keep the exploitation site in a sustainable status. This includes questions of environmental safety and soil recovery within the affected areas. This article deals with 2 types of land improvement and restoration in Luong Son district: (1) designing a method for land improvement by afforestation and (2) designing a method for land improvement by planting fruit trees and short-term crops. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims of this work presented characterization of N. meningitidis including, serogroup, multilocus-sequence-typing (MLST), porA, porB, fetA types and antibiotic susceptibility. These were serogrouped by realtime-PCR for six serogroups: A, B, C, W, X, and Y or NG; sequenced to analyze MLST, porA, porB, and fetA genes, and Minimum-Inhibitory-Concentration (MIC) tested for penicillin G (PEN), ciprofloxacin (CIP) while rifampin (RA) tested by disc-diffusion according to CLSI-2018. B Background: b In Vietnam, N. meningitidis has caused sporadic invasive meningococcal diseases (IMD) as meningitis or/and sepsis in recent years. [Extracted from the article]

Objective: This study aimed to determine the rate of salvage chemotherapy and review associated factors in invasive mole patients treated by primary or delayed hysterectomy., Patients and Methods: This study was carried out at the Tu Du Hospital, where a total of 189 patients were diagnosed with invasive mole based on histologic examination by hysterectomy between 01/2016 to 12/2020. We used the life table method to estimate the cumulative rate. We applied the Cox proportional hazard model to determine the factors associated with the need for salvage chemotherapy., Results: At 12-month follow-up, 47 patients had required salvage chemotherapy. The incidence was 24.87% (95% CI: 18.88-31.66). Applying the multivariate model, prophylactic chemotherapy (HR = 2.75, 95% Cl: 1.20-6.30) and two weeks postoperative hCG value greater than 1,900 mIU/mL (HR = 4.30, 95% Cl: 2.08-8.87) increased the risk of requiring salvage chemotherapy. Postoperative chemotherapy decreased the risk of requiring salvage chemotherapy (HR = 0.43, 95% Cl: 0.22-0.83)., Conclusions: Hysterectomy can be considered safe and effective in treating invasive mole patients. Although patients were treated by hysterectomy, 24.87% of patients needed salvage chemotherapy to achieve remission. This study affirms the malignant nature of invasive mole, a subtype of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN). It is not purely a local invasion of molar villi. Postoperative chemotherapy plays an essential role in reducing the risk of requiring salvage chemotherapy.