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This article provides an analysis of the lipids and polysaccharides found in Arundo donax, a plant commonly used in Eastern folk medicine. The study focused on the leaves and roots of the plant, determining their fatty acid compositions and the composition of polysaccharides. The results showed that the leaves contained 2.65% lipids, while the roots contained 1.29% lipids. The polysaccharides in both the aerial parts and roots were primarily composed of pectins and hemicelluloses, with varying ratios of monosaccharide residues and degrees of esterification. The study concluded that the polysaccharides in A. donax were heteropolysaccharides and low-esterified pectins. [Extracted from the article]

The lipid and polysaccharide compositions of the plant Phragmites communis Trin. (Poaceae, Gramineae, grasses) growing in Uzbekistan were studied. The aerial part of the plant was found to contain more total lipids than inflorescences and roots. Lipids of the studied organs included 17–20 fatty acids with palmitic and total oleic and linoleic acids dominating. Water- and base-soluble polysaccharides were isolated from the aerial and subterranean organs of P. communis and characterized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Suaeda paradoxa Bunge. is a halophytic plant of the family Amaranthaceae, which is an endemic species of Central Asia, growing in Uzbekistan on saline lands. Biomass of S. paradoxa is recommended as a promising renewable raw material for biogas productionin the desert saline regions of Central Asia. For the first time, we have studied the lipids of seeds (I) and pericarp (II) of S. paradoxa fruits that was collected on highly saline soil of the dried bottom of the Aral Sea (2022). By using wellknown methods of lipids chemistry, it was determined that samples I andII contain 18.12 and 12.27% neutral lipids (NL), 0.47 and 0.78% glycolipids (GL), 0.77 and 0.89% phospholipids (PL). In the composition of the NL of two samples, the content of unsaponifiable substances was 5.41% (I) and 8.36% (II), carotenoids in the unsaponifiable components, according to spectrophotometers date, 105.38 mg% (I) and 244.13 mg%. Hydrocarbons, fatty acid esters (FA) with phytosterols and triterpenols, triacylglycerides, free triterpenols, and phytosterols were identified in NL I and II by TLC on silica gel using known solvent systems, qualitative reactions, and model substances. GL included monoand digalactosyldiacylglycerols, steryl glycosides and their esters with fatty acids; PL included phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidylinositols, and phosphatidic acid. The lipid FA composition of two samples was determined by GC on an Agilent instrument 6890N, FID, 30 m x 0.32 mm capillary column, HP-5 phase, helium carrier gas, programming temperature 150-270°C. In the LL, 19 (sample I) and 14 (sample II) FAs with dominance ω6-18:2 and 16:0 were found; GL I and II included 24 and 16 FAs, respectively, with basic 16:0 and ω9-18:1; in FL I and II there were 23 and 16 LCDs, where the majors were 16:0, as well as 16:0 and ω6-18:2. Thus, the fruit pericarp of S. paradoxa contains a significant amount of neutral lipids and is enriched in polar lipids and carotenoids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lipids of Crambe abyssinica Hochst (Brassicaceae) seeds grown in hothouses in Israel and in the open in Uzbekistan in soil imported from the Aral Sea region were studied. It was found that the seed oil content decreased as the irrigation-water salinity increased. The content of total unsaturated fatty acids of neutral lipids was in the range 91.31-94.81%; of polar lipids, 69.59-83.78%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lipids from Crambe amabilis Butk. et Majlun and C. kotschyana Boiss. grown in the open in Uzbekistan in soil imported from the Aral Sea region were studied. It was found that the seed oil content decreased with increasing salinity of irrigation water with EC 1.5 up to 9.0 dS/m. The content of polar lipids increased. The content of unsaturated acids from C. amabilis neutral lipids was 94.74-97.46%; C. kotschyana, 95.76- 96.78%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the lipids and lipophilic components from seed of three Boraginaceae species including Lindelofia macrostyla, Anchusa italica, and Trichodesma incanum collected in Tashkent Oblast, Uzbekistan. It states that the seed oils of such plant species have attracted interest because it contains very active essential ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids. A table of the fatty-acid composition of the seed oil from the three plant species is also presented.

The article examines the production of wheat germ oil during local wheat variety processing at Karshi flour mill in Uzbekistan. It investigates the lipophilic and lipid components of wheat germ. The study reveals the 62.4% amount of unsaturated acids in the neutral lipids (NL). Oleic and linoleic acids are found to be the primary unsaturated acids in NL.