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Fifteen chromosome forms of Ellobius talpinus (from 2n = 31 to 2n = 54) were found in the small area in the Pamirs. Low-chromosome karyotypes evolved from 54-chromosomal ancestral form by Robertsonia centric fusions. The DNA reassociation kinetics of 34- and 54-chromosome forms of E. talpinus have been studied. For comparison DNA of E. lutescens (2n = 17) the karyotype of which seems to have arisen from 54-chromosome ancestor by Robertsonian and other types rearrangements was examined. Reassociation profiles of Ellobius DNA suggest the existence of several repeated sequences families with different frequences of repetitions. The reassociation curves of DNA from 34- and 54-chromosome forms were identical. These data indicate absence of changes in DNA molecular organization during the evolution of E. talpinus karyotypes by Robertsonian fusions. Comparative analysis of DNA reassociation kinetics of E. talpinus and E. lutescens showed identical characteristics of highly repeated sequences and of one from the three intermediate fractions, however Cot 1/2, complexity and repetitive frequencies of two intermediate fractions of E. talpinus and E. lutescens were different. It is possible that non-robertsonian rearrangements of E. lutescens karyotype affected only intermediate repetitions. The alternative explanation of these data is a simple divergence of repeated sequences during the evolution of E. lutescens DNA.