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Background: Social Frailty is a significant public health concern affecting the elderly, particularly with the global population aging rapidly. Older adults with social frailty are at significantly higher risk of adverse outcomes such as disability, cognitive impairment, depression, and even death. In recent years, there have been more and more studies on social frailty, but no bibliometrics has been used to analyze and understand the general situation in this field. Therefore, by using CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and Bilioshiny software programs, this study aims to analyze the general situation of the research on social frailties of the older adults and determine the research trends and hot spots. Methods: A bibliometric analysis was conducted by searching relevant literature on the social frailty of the older adults from 2003 to 2022 in the Web of Science core database, using visualization software to map publication volume, country and author cooperation networks, keyword co-occurrences, and word emergence. Results: We analyzed 415 articles from 2003 to 2022. Brazil has the highest number of articles in the field of social frailty of the older adults, and the United States has the highest number of cooperative publications. Andrew MK, from Canada, is the most published and co-cited author, with primary research interests in geriatric assessment, epidemiology, and public health. "Social Vulnerability," "Health," "Frailty," "Mortality," and "Older Adult" are among the research hotspots in this field. "Dementia," "Alzheimer's disease," "Population," and "Covid-19" are emerging research trends in social frailty among the older adults. Conclusion: This scientometric study maps the research hotspots and trends for the past 20 years in social frailty among the older adults. Our findings will enable researchers to better understand trends in this field and find suitable directions and partners for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although Botrytis fragariae was only recently identified as a new Botrytis species that causes strawberry gray mold, its prevalence extends to many states of the eastern United States. Compared with B. cinerea, which is known to be the causal agent of gray mold on many crop plants including strawberry, B fragariae appears to have specifically adapted to strawberry and exhibits distinct fungicide sensitivity. This is the first presentation of a high-quality genome assembly of B fragariae with gene annotation based on sequence homology and deep transcriptome data. The genome sequence information from B. fragariae is expected to help reveal genomic features underlying its host specialization and evolution of distinct fungicide resistance and other novel pathogenicity mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the report of the United States transportation department, mechanical damage is one of the most important reasons for the pipeline accident .The most typical form of mechanical damage is indentation. Dent, which is one of the important factors affecting pipeline fatigue life, substantially reduces the fatigue life of the pipeline in service. The peak cycle stress on dented pipeline is a key parameter in calculating the fatigue life. Finite element models of typical plain dent are established under different circumstances. On the basis of considerable calculations, the results are subjected to univariate and multivariate analyses, yielding the dependences of peak cycle stress on different parameters. The calculation results are fitted by non-linear regression. The relationships between the peak cycle stresses of dented pipeline and the dent depth, the dent longitudinal length, diameter and thickness of pipeline are acquired by establishing mathematical models and proposing the corresponding expressions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on survey of 16 Confucius Institutes in five countries including the United States, Japan, Russia, Thailand, Lebanon, this paper found that: The current Confucius Institutes worldwide have achieve a certain spread of results. But different levels of Chinese culture are quite different in the results of dissemination, Chinese culture in different cultural spheres, especially the Confucian cultural spheres and non-Confucian cultural spheres, are quite different in the results of dissemination, even there are large differences between countries. This paper suggests further that for non-Confucian cultural nation China's material culture should disseminate first, and behavior culture and spiritual culture can be temporarily put on hold. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To assess health protection motivation as explained by the constructs of protection motivation theory (PMT) and its association with drug trafficking over 2 years. Methods The sample included 817 African American youth (13-16 years old) participating in an adolescent risk-reduction program. We developed an instrument measuring the level of health protection motivation (LHPM) using factor analysis. Changes in LHPM over time were examined among drug traffickers, abstainers, initiators, and nonrisk youths. Results In sum, 151 participants reported selling and/or delivering drugs during the study period. The significant inverse correlation between drug-trafficking intention and health protection motivation was consistent with PMT. Changes in LHPM were strongly associated with the dynamics of behavior over 2 years. Conclusions Adolescent drug trafficking can be predicted by an overall level of health protection motivation. PMT and related theories should be considered in the design of drug-trafficking prevention intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Although numerous interventions have been demonstrated to reduce targeted adolescent risk behaviors for brief periods, sustained behavior changes covering multiple risk behaviors have been elusive. Objective To determine whether a parental monitoring intervention (Informed Parents and Children Together [ImPACT]) with and without boosters can further reduce adolescent truancy, substance abuse, and sexual risk behaviors and can alter related perceptions 24 months after intervention among youth who have all received an adolescent risk-reduction intervention, Focus on Kids (FOK). Design Randomized, controlled, 3-celled longitudinal trial. Setting Thirty-five low-income, urban community sites. Participants Eight hundred seventeen African American youth aged 13 to 16 at baseline. Intervention All youth participated in FOK, an 8-session, theory-based, small group, face-to-face risk-reduction intervention, 496 youth and parents received the 1-session ImPACT intervention (a videotape and discussion), 238 of the ImPACT youth also received four 90-minute FOK boosters delivered in small groups. Main Outcome Measures Responses at baseline and 24 months after intervention to a questionnaire assessing risk and protective behaviors and perceptions. Analyses used General Linear Modeling, intraclass correlation coefficient, analysis of covariance, and multiple comparisons with least significant difference test adjustment. Results After adjusting for the intraclass correlation coefficient, 6 of 16 risk behaviors were significantly reduced (P≤.05) among youth receiving ImPACT compared with youth who only received FOK (respectively, mean number of days suspended, 0.65 vs 1.17; carry a bat as a weapon, 4.1% vs 9.6%; smoked cigarettes, 12.5% vs 22.7%; used marijuana, 18.3% vs 26.8%; used other illicit drugs, 1.4% vs 5.6%; and, asked sexual partner if condom always used, 77.9% vs 64.9%). Four of the 7 theory-based subscales reflected significant protective changes among youth who received ImPACT. ImPACT did not produce any significant adverse effects on behaviors or perceptions. Conclusion A parent monitoring intervention can significantly broaden and sustain protection beyond that conferred through an adolescent risk-reduction intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: With changing demographics of the United States population and the continuous need to recruit new donors, it is important to monitor the demographic profile of first-time donors and to evaluate changes in the donor pool to improve recruitment targeting. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: First-time whole blood (n = 901,862) donors at five United States blood centers between 1991 and 1996 were analyzed. RESULTS: The total number of first-time donors appears to be decreasing. Over the 6-year period, there was an overall increase in the proportion of Hispanic and other minority first-time donors and a concurrent decrease in the proportion of white donors at Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study centers. Other variables, including age, sex, and education, did not show a consistent trend. CONCLUSION: The demographic profile of first-time donors is changing. These data highlight the importance for blood centers to continuously monitor the donor population. A better understanding of the donor population may help blood centers adjust their donor outreach, recruitment, and retention programs. New recruitment efforts appear needed to counter general apathy toward donating blood, and minority groups appear to be receprive to becoming blood donors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]