9 results on '"Wolpert, Beverly J"'
Search Results
2. Infection with Pathogens Transmitted Commonly Through Food and the Effect of Increasing Use of Culture-Independent Diagnostic Tests on Surveillance--Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network, 10 U.S. Sites, 2012-2015.
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Huang, Jennifer Y., Henao, Olga L., Griffin, Patricia M., Vugia, Duc J., Cronquist, Alicia B., Hurd, Sharon, Tobin-D'Angelo, Melissa, Ryan, Patricia, Smith, Kirk, Lathrop, Sarah, Zansky, Shelley, Cieslak, Paul R., Dunn, John, Holt, Kristin G., Wolpert, Beverly J., and Patrick, Mary E.
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FOODBORNE diseases ,PATHOGENIC microorganisms ,BACTERIAL diseases ,PARASITIC diseases - Abstract
To evaluate progress toward prevention of enteric and foodborne illnesses in the United States, the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) monitors the incidence of laboratory-confirmed infections caused by nine pathogens transmitted commonly through food in 10 U.S. sites. This report summarizes preliminary 2015 data and describes trends since 2012. In 2015, FoodNet reported 20,107 confirmed cases (defined as culture-confirmed bacterial infections and laboratory-confirmed parasitic infections), 4,531 hospitalizations, and 77 deaths. FoodNet also received reports of 3,112 positive culture-independent diagnostic tests (CIDTs) without culture-confirmation, a number that has markedly increased since 2012. Diagnostic testing practices for enteric pathogens are rapidly moving away from culture-based methods. The continued shift from culture-based methods to CIDTs that do not produce the isolates needed to distinguish between strains and subtypes affects the interpretation of public health surveillance data and ability to monitor progress toward prevention efforts. Expanded case definitions and strategies for obtaining bacterial isolates are crucial during this transition period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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3. The Role of Adverse Event Reporting in the FDA Response to a Multistate Outbreak of Liver Disease Associated with a Dietary Supplement.
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Klontz, Karl C., Debeck, Heidi J., Leblanc, Pamela, Mogen, Kathryn M., Wolpert, Beverly J., Sabo, Jonathan L., Salter, Monique, Seelman, Sharon L., Lance, Susan E., Monahan, Caitlin, Steigman, David S., and Gensheimer, Kathleen
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PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,DIETARY supplements ,LIVER diseases ,PHARMACOLOGY ,DATA analysis software ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,ODDS ratio ,DISEASE risk factors - Abstract
Objective. Liver disease is a potential complication from using dietary supplements. This study investigated an outbreak of non-viral liver disease associated with the use of OxyELITE ProTM, a dietary supplement used for weight loss and/ or muscle building. Methods. Illness details were ascertained from MedWatch reports submitted to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) describing consumers who ingested OxyELITE Pro alone or in combination with other dietary supplements. FDA's Forensic Chemistry Center analyzed samples of OxyELITE Pro. Results. From February 2012 to February 2014, FDA received 114 reports of adverse events of all kinds involving consumers who ingested OxyELITE Pro. The onset of illness for the first report was December 2010 and for the last report was January 2014. Thirty-three states, two foreign nations, and Puerto Rico submitted reports. Fifty-five of the reports (48%) described liver disease in the absence of viral infection, gallbladder disease, autoimmune disease, or other known causes of liver damage. A total of 33 (60%) of these patients were hospitalized, and three underwent liver transplantation. In early 2013, OxyELITE Pro products entered the market with a formulation distinct from products sold previously. The new formulation replaced 1,3-dimethylamylamine with aegeline. However, the manufacturer failed to submit to FDA a required 'new dietary ingredient' notice for the use of aegeline in OxyELITE Pro products. Laboratory analysis identified no drugs, poisons, pharmaceuticals, toxic metals, usnic acid, N-Nitroso-fenfluramine, pyrrolizidine alkaloids, aristocholic acid, or phenethylamines in the products. Conclusions. Vigilant surveillance is required for adverse events linked to the use of dietary supplements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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4. Incidence and Trends of Infections with Pathogens Transmitted Commonly Through Food and the Effect of Increasing Use of Culture-Independent Diagnostic Tests on Surveillance -- Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network, 10 U.S. Sites, 2013-2016.
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Marder, Ellyn P., Cieslak, Paul R., Cronquist, Alicia B., Dunn, John, Lathrop, Sarah, Rabatsky-Ehr, Therese, Ryan, Patricia, Smith, Kirk, Tobin-D'Angelo, Melissa, Vugia, Duc J., Zansky, Shelley, Holt, Kristin G., Wolpert, Beverly J., Lynch, Michael, Tauxe, Robert, and Geissler, Aimee L.
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FECES ,MICROBIOLOGY ,BACTERIOLOGY technique ,CAMPYLOBACTER infections ,CHILDREN'S health ,COCCIDIOSIS ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS ,ESCHERICHIA coli diseases ,FOOD microbiology ,FOOD contamination ,FOOD poisoning ,HOSPITAL admission & discharge ,LISTERIOSIS ,NUTRITION ,PATIENTS ,PUBLIC health ,PUBLIC health surveillance ,SHIGELLOSIS ,ADOLESCENT health ,VIBRIO infections ,YERSINIA diseases ,SALMONELLA diseases ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,DIAGNOSIS - Abstract
The article focuses on cases of foodborne diseases monitored by the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Topics covered include the use of culture-independent diagnostic tests (CIDT) to detect enteric pathogens, the surveillance of postdiarrheal hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) and the number of CIDT positive-only infections in 2016.
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- 2017
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5. Recency-Weighted Statistical Modeling Approach to Attribute Illnesses Caused by 4 Pathogens to Food Sources Using Outbreak Data, United States.
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Batz MB, Richardson LC, Bazaco MC, Parker CC, Chirtel SJ, Cole D, Golden NJ, Griffin PM, Gu W, Schmitt SK, Wolpert BJ, Kufel JSZ, and Hoekstra RM
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- Animals, Cattle, Disease Outbreaks, Food Microbiology, United States epidemiology, Campylobacter Infections epidemiology, Foodborne Diseases epidemiology, Gastroenteritis, Listeria monocytogenes
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Foodborne illness source attribution is foundational to a risk-based food safety system. We describe a method for attributing US foodborne illnesses caused by nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli O157, Listeria monocytogenes, and Campylobacter to 17 food categories using statistical modeling of outbreak data. This method adjusts for epidemiologic factors associated with outbreak size, down-weights older outbreaks, and estimates credibility intervals. On the basis of 952 reported outbreaks and 32,802 illnesses during 1998-2012, we attribute 77% of foodborne Salmonella illnesses to 7 food categories (seeded vegetables, eggs, chicken, other produce, pork, beef, and fruits), 82% of E. coli O157 illnesses to beef and vegetable row crops, 81% of L. monocytogenes illnesses to fruits and dairy, and 74% of Campylobacter illnesses to dairy and chicken. However, because Campylobacter outbreaks probably overrepresent dairy as a source of nonoutbreak campylobacteriosis, we caution against using these Campylobacter attribution estimates without further adjustment.
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- 2021
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6. Preliminary Incidence and Trends of Infections with Pathogens Transmitted Commonly Through Food - Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network, 10 U.S. Sites, 2016-2019.
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Tack DM, Ray L, Griffin PM, Cieslak PR, Dunn J, Rissman T, Jervis R, Lathrop S, Muse A, Duwell M, Smith K, Tobin-D'Angelo M, Vugia DJ, Zablotsky Kufel J, Wolpert BJ, Tauxe R, and Payne DC
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- Food Microbiology, Food Parasitology, Foodborne Diseases microbiology, Foodborne Diseases parasitology, Humans, Incidence, United States epidemiology, Foodborne Diseases epidemiology, Population Surveillance
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To evaluate progress toward prevention of enteric illnesses, the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) of CDC's Emerging Infections Program monitors the incidence of laboratory-diagnosed infections caused by eight pathogens transmitted commonly through food at 10 U.S. sites.* This report summarizes preliminary 2019 data and describes changes in incidence compared with that during 2016-2018. The incidence of enteric infections caused by these eight pathogens reported by FoodNet sites in 2019 continued to increase or remained unchanged, indicating progress in controlling major foodborne pathogens in the United States has stalled. Campylobacter and Salmonella caused the largest proportion of illnesses; trends in incidence varied by Salmonella serotype. Widespread adoption of whole genome sequencing (WGS) of bacteria has improved the ability to identify outbreaks, emerging strains, and sources of pathogens. To maximize the potential of WGS to link illnesses to particular sources, testing of isolates by clinical and public health laboratories is needed. Reductions in Salmonella serotype Typhimurium suggest that targeted interventions (e.g., vaccinating chickens and other food animals) might decrease human infections. Reducing contamination during food production, processing, and preparation will require more widespread implementation of known prevention measures and of new strategies that target particular pathogens and serotypes., Competing Interests: All authors have completed and submitted the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors form for disclosure of potential conflicts of interest. No potential conflicts of interest were disclosed.
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- 2020
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7. Preliminary Incidence and Trends of Infections with Pathogens Transmitted Commonly Through Food - Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network, 10 U.S. Sites, 2015-2018.
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Tack DM, Marder EP, Griffin PM, Cieslak PR, Dunn J, Hurd S, Scallan E, Lathrop S, Muse A, Ryan P, Smith K, Tobin-D'Angelo M, Vugia DJ, Holt KG, Wolpert BJ, Tauxe R, and Geissler AL
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- Diagnostic Tests, Routine statistics & numerical data, Humans, Incidence, United States epidemiology, Disease Outbreaks, Food Microbiology statistics & numerical data, Food Parasitology statistics & numerical data, Foodborne Diseases epidemiology, Public Health Surveillance
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Foodborne diseases represent a major health problem in the United States. The Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) of CDC's Emerging Infections Program monitors cases of laboratory-diagnosed infection caused by eight pathogens transmitted commonly through food in 10 U.S. sites.* This report summarizes preliminary 2018 data and changes since 2015. During 2018, FoodNet identified 25,606 infections, 5,893 hospitalizations, and 120 deaths. The incidence of most infections is increasing, including those caused by Campylobacter and Salmonella, which might be partially attributable to the increased use of culture-independent diagnostic tests (CIDTs). The incidence of Cyclospora infections increased markedly compared with 2015-2017, in part related to large outbreaks associated with produce (1). More targeted prevention measures are needed on produce farms, food animal farms, and in meat and poultry processing establishments to make food safer and decrease human illness., Competing Interests: All authors have completed and submitted the ICMJE form for disclosure of potential conflicts of interest. No potential conflicts of interest were disclosed.
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- 2019
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8. Differences Among Incidence Rates of Invasive Listeriosis in the U.S. FoodNet Population by Age, Sex, Race/Ethnicity, and Pregnancy Status, 2008-2016.
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Pohl AM, Pouillot R, Bazaco MC, Wolpert BJ, Healy JM, Bruce BB, Laughlin ME, Hunter JC, Dunn JR, Hurd S, Rowlands JV, Saupe A, Vugia DJ, and Van Doren JM
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- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Child, Child, Preschool, Ethnicity, Female, Foodborne Diseases epidemiology, Foodborne Diseases microbiology, Humans, Incidence, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Listeriosis microbiology, Male, Middle Aged, Population Surveillance, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious epidemiology, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious microbiology, Sex Factors, United States epidemiology, Listeria monocytogenes isolation & purification, Listeriosis epidemiology
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Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen that disproportionally affects pregnant females, older adults, and immunocompromised individuals. Using U.S. Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) surveillance data, we examined listeriosis incidence rates and rate ratios (RRs) by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and pregnancy status across three periods from 2008 to 2016, as recent incidence trends in U.S. subgroups had not been evaluated. The invasive listeriosis annual incidence rate per 100,000 for 2008-2016 was 0.28 cases among the general population (excluding pregnant females), and 3.73 cases among pregnant females. For adults ≥70 years, the annual incidence rate per 100,000 was 1.33 cases. No significant change in estimated listeriosis incidence was found over the 2008-2016 period, except for a small, but significantly lower pregnancy-associated rate in 2011-2013 when compared with 2008-2010. Among the nonpregnancy-associated cases, RRs increased with age from 0.43 (95% confidence interval: 0.25-0.73) for 0- to 14-year olds to 44.9 (33.5-60.0) for ≥85-year olds, compared with 15- to 44-year olds. Males had an incidence of 1.28 (1.12-1.45) times that of females. Compared with non-Hispanic whites, the incidence was 1.57 (1.18-1.20) times higher among non-Hispanic Asians, 1.49 (1.22-1.83) among non-Hispanic blacks, and 1.73 (1.15-2.62) among Hispanics. Among females of childbearing age, non-Hispanic Asian females had 2.72 (1.51-4.89) and Hispanic females 3.13 (2.12-4.89) times higher incidence than non-Hispanic whites. We observed a higher percentage of deaths among older patient groups compared with 15- to 44-year olds. This study is the first characterizing higher RRs for listeriosis in the United States among non-Hispanic blacks and Asians compared with non-Hispanic whites. This information for public health risk managers may spur further research to understand if differences in listeriosis rates relate to differences in consumption patterns of foods with higher contamination levels, food handling practices, comorbidities, immunodeficiencies, health care access, or other factors.
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- 2019
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9. Emergency Department Visits for Adverse Events Related to Dietary Supplements.
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Geller AI, Shehab N, Weidle NJ, Lovegrove MC, Wolpert BJ, Timbo BB, Mozersky RP, and Budnitz DS
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- Adolescent, Adult, Age Distribution, Aged, Calcium adverse effects, Child, Child, Preschool, Complementary Therapies adverse effects, Female, Hospitalization statistics & numerical data, Humans, Iron adverse effects, Middle Aged, Population Surveillance, Potassium adverse effects, United States, Young Adult, Dietary Supplements adverse effects, Emergency Service, Hospital statistics & numerical data, Micronutrients adverse effects, Phytotherapy adverse effects
- Abstract
Background: Dietary supplements, such as herbal or complementary nutritional products and micronutrients (vitamins and minerals), are commonly used in the United States, yet national data on adverse effects are limited., Methods: We used nationally representative surveillance data from 63 emergency departments obtained from 2004 through 2013 to describe visits to U.S. emergency departments because of adverse events related to dietary supplements., Results: On the basis of 3667 cases, we estimated that 23,005 (95% confidence interval [CI], 18,611 to 27,398) emergency department visits per year were attributed to adverse events related to dietary supplements. These visits resulted in an estimated 2154 hospitalizations (95% CI, 1342 to 2967) annually. Such visits frequently involved young adults between the ages of 20 and 34 years (28.0% of visits; 95% CI, 25.1 to 30.8) and unsupervised children (21.2% of visits; 95% CI, 18.4 to 24.0). After the exclusion of unsupervised ingestion of dietary supplements by children, 65.9% (95% CI, 63.2 to 68.5) of emergency department visits for single-supplement-related adverse events involved herbal or complementary nutritional products; 31.8% (95% CI, 29.2 to 34.3) involved micronutrients. Herbal or complementary nutritional products for weight loss (25.5%; 95% CI, 23.1 to 27.9) and increased energy (10.0%; 95% CI, 8.0 to 11.9) were commonly implicated. Weight-loss or energy products caused 71.8% (95% CI, 67.6 to 76.1) of supplement-related adverse events involving palpitations, chest pain, or tachycardia, and 58.0% (95% CI, 52.2 to 63.7) involved persons 20 to 34 years of age. Among adults 65 years of age or older, choking or pill-induced dysphagia or globus caused 37.6% (95% CI, 29.1 to 46.2) of all emergency department visits for supplement-related adverse events; micronutrients were implicated in 83.1% (95% CI, 73.3 to 92.9) of these visits., Conclusions: An estimated 23,000 emergency department visits in the United States every year are attributed to adverse events related to dietary supplements. Such visits commonly involve cardiovascular manifestations from weight-loss or energy products among young adults and swallowing problems, often associated with micronutrients, among older adults. (Funded by the Department of Health and Human Services.).
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- 2015
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