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Background: Little is known about how pediatricians or internists manage influenza symptoms. Recent guidelines on antiviral prescribing by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) make almost no distinction between adults and children. Our objective was to describe how pediatricians in two large academic medical institutions manage influenza and compare them to internists. Methods: At the end of the 2003-4 influenza season, we conducted a cross sectional on-line survey of physician knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding rapid diagnostic testing and use of antiviral therapy for influenza at two large academic medical centers, one in Massachusetts and the other in Texas. We collected data on self-reported demographics, test use, prescribing practices, and beliefs about influenza and anti-influenza drugs. Results: A total of 107 pediatricians and 103 internists completed the survey (response rate of 53%). Compared to internists, pediatricians were more likely to perform rapid testing (74% vs. 47%, p < 0.0001), to use amantadine (88% vs. 48%, p < 0.0001), to restrict their prescribing to high-risk patients (86% vs. 53%, p < 0.0001), and to believe that antiviral therapy could decrease mortality (38% vs. 22%, p = 0.01). Other beliefs about antiviral therapy did not differ statistically between the specialties. Internists were more likely to be unfamiliar with rapid testing or not to have it available. Conclusion: Pediatricians and internists manage influenza differently. Evidence-based guidelines addressing the specific concerns of each group would be helpful. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Investigates the use of hypnosis treatment for smoking cessation in a study in the U.S. Patients enrolled in the study; Mortality rate caused by tobacco use; Benefits of clinical hypnosis for patients; Efficacy of the clinical intervention.

Presents an evaluation of the effectiveness of a time-limited, outpatient intervention targeting suicidal young adults. Estimated suicide rates between the ages of 15 and 24 years in the United States; Method of experiment; Analyses results.

The article presents a study on the elevated body mass index (BMI) for age in the Head Start population in Texas from 2003-2008. It notes that the study will be compared to the results of the data gathered by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for Spanish American preschool children. The study shows that 20.01% of males and 19.04% of females were obese and 40.79% of males and 36.73% of females were overweight.

Background: International thyroid nodule and cancer management guidelines generally fail to take into account potential limitations in diagnostic and treatment resources., Methods: Thyroid cancer specialists from the African Head and Neck Society and American Head & Neck Society Endocrine Section developed guidelines for diagnosis and management of thyroid nodules and cancer in low resource settings. Recommendations were based on literature review and expert opinion, with level of evidence defined., Results: Using the ADAPTE process, diagnostic and treatment algorithms were adapted from the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN). Low resource settings were simulated by systematically removing elements such as availability of laboratory testing, hormone replacement, imaging, and cytopathology from NCCN guidelines., Conclusions: Successful management of thyroid nodules and cancer in low resource settings requires adaptation of treatment methodologies. These guidelines define specific scenarios where either more or less aggressive intervention for thyroid pathology may be advisable based on limited available resources., (© 2020 The Authors. Head & Neck published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Background: Nurses in hospital administration and management positions may experience workplace stress, which can have important consequences on the health and well-being., Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of perceived stress on nursing hospital management and administrative employees of a large health care organization before and after a review by The Joint Commission on the Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations., Methods: A total of 100 hospital employees were randomly selected to complete questionnaires assessing their perception of stress and its effect on their well-being before and after the site review. They were also asked to rate their subjective experience of sleep, anxiety, depression, and job satisfaction., Results: Perceived stress was significantly related to employees' increased health concerns, symptoms of depression and anxiety, interpersonal relationships, and job satisfaction (p = .003)., Conclusions: Hospital accreditation reviews may increase perceived stress and appears to be related to emotional and physical well-being., Application: The implications include evidence there is a need for organizations to initiate corrective action to help nurses in administrative roles to cope with increased levels of job strain, minimize potential psychological and physiological consequences, and preserve job satisfaction.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the status of translating research findings into practice at a major academic healthcare system in Central Texas., Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey addressing knowledge of and participation in translational research of physicians, residents, nurses and third- and fourth-year medical students in a major academic healthcare system in Central Texas., Results: Out of 508 respondents, 428 (84.3 percent) completed all questions. A total of 68.9 percent of faculty reported having sufficient education and training to conduct research versus 44.4 percent of residents and 35.6 percent of nurses. Fifty-eight percent of faculty, 53 percent of residents and 9 percent of nurses reported current involvement in research activity. A total of 55.6 percent of residents reported that their departments provide them with protected time for research versus 18.4 percent of faculty and 10.3 percent of nurses. In addition, 33.9 percent of nurses reported interest in participating in research but do not know how to start. There were 86.4 percent of faculty, 77.8 percent of residents, and 58 percent of nurses who indicated they were familiar with translational research. However, only 42.7 percent of faculty, 46.7 percent of residents and 35.6 percent of nurses indicated they were aware of any changes in the delivery of care that resulted from research projects., Conclusions: The study results suggested failure to leverage members of the healthcare team in a systematic process to ensure translation of research findings into practice. Results highlighted the need to merge culture of safety and quality improvement with research while dealing with the daily pressures of patient care.

In 2004, we conducted a survey of physician knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding influenza diagnosis and treatment at Baystate Medical Center in Massachusetts and Scott & White Hospital and Clinic in Texas. Of the 579 physicians we contacted, 336 completed the survey. Sixty-one percent of the respondents prescribed antivirals, and 62% used rapid testing. Prescribing practices were associated with location, practice size, use of rapid testing, and belief in the efficacy of antivirals.