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In continuation to our previous studies on cyanopyrimidine derivatives as anticancer agents, we further designed, synthesized, and evaluated new 3,4,5‐trimethoxy phenyl ring pendant sulfur‐containing cyanopyrimidine derivatives (4a–m) with a particular lipophilic behavior. In this work, we have varied the chain length from isopropyl to isopentyl and evaluated their anticancer activities. To study the antiproliferative spectrum, in vitro evaluation was piloted against a panel of 60 cancer cell lines at the National Cancer Institute, United States. Compound 4g (NSC: D‐813664) displayed the most promising broad‐spectrum anticancer activity with high growth inhibition of various cell lines representing action against multiple cancers diseases. It showed percentage growth inhibition of 84.01 and 76.94 against SR leukemia and HCT‐116 colon cancer cell lines. Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity studies and reverse screening were also performed to identify the potential targets of designed molecules. It was concluded that 6‐(3,4,5‐trimethoxyphenyl) pyrimidine‐5‐carbonitrile derivatives exhibited its anticancer activity through different targets and hence could be further structurally modified and optimized to develop more potent multi‐targeting anticancer agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A new series of 6,6a,7,8-tetrahydro-5H-naphtho[1,2-e]pyrimido[4,5-b][1,4]diazepines 4a-f and 5a-f were efficiently synthesized in good yields from the reaction of E-2-arylidene-1-tetralones 1 and the respective tri- or tetraaminopyrimidines 2 or 3 under microwave irradiation using DMF as solvent and catalytic amounts of BF3·OEt2. Six of the obtained compounds were selected and tested by the National Cancer Institute (NCI-USA) against 60 different tumor cell lines. In particular, compounds 5a, 5c and 5e presented remarkable anti-tumor activity against melanoma cancer in SK-MEL-5 cell line. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The availability of long-acting risperidone injection may increase adherence and lead to improved clinical and economic outcomes for individuals with schizophrenia. The objective of this study was to assess the cost effectiveness of long-acting risperidone, oral risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine, ziprasidone, aripiprazole, and haloperidol depot in patients with schizophrenia over 1 year from a healthcare system perspective. Published medical literature, unpublished data from clinical trials and a consumer health database, and a clinical expert panel were utilized to populate a decision analytical model comparing the seven treatment alternatives. The model captured rates of patient compliance, the rates, frequency and duration of relapse, incidence of adverse events, and healthcare resource utilization and associated costs. Primary outcomes were expressed in terms of percentage of patients relapsing per year, number of relapse days per year (number and duration of relapses per patient per year), and total direct 2003 medical cost per patient per year. On the basis of model projections, the proportions of patients experiencing a relapse requiring hospitalization in 1 year were 66% for haloperidol depot, 41% for oral risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine, ziprasidone, and aripiprazole, and 26% for long-acting risperidone, whereas the proportions of patients with an exacerbation not requiring hospitalization were 60% for haloperidol depot, 37% for oral risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine, ziprasidone, and aripiprazole, and 24% for long-acting risperidone. The mean number of days of relapse requiring hospitalization per patient per year were 28 for haloperidol depot, 18 for oral risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine, ziprasidone, and aripiprazole, and 11 for long-acting risperidone, whereas the mean number of days of exacerbation not requiring hospitalization were eight for haloperidol depot, five for oral risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine, ziprasidone, and aripiprazole, and three for long-acting risperidone. This would translate into direct medical cost savings with long-acting risperidone compared with oral risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine, ziprasidone, aripiprazole, and haloperidol depot of US$161, 1425, 508, 259, 1068, and 8224, respectively. These findings were supported by sensitivity analyses. The utilization of long-acting risperidone is predicted to result in better clinical outcomes and lower total healthcare costs than its comparators, oral risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine, ziprasidone, aripiprazole, and haloperidol depot. Long-acting risperidone may therefore be a cost saving therapeutic option for patients with schizophrenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]