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Given the increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes worldwide, most patients are treated by their primary health care team (PHCT). PHCTs need guidance in choosing the best treatment regimen for patients, since the number of glucose-lowering agents (GLAs) is rapidly increasing, as is the amount of clinical data regarding these drugs. The American Diabetes Association/European Association for the Study of Diabetes Position Statement emphasizes the importance of personalized treatment and lists drug efficacy, risk of hypoglycemia, effect on weight, side effects, and cost as important parameters to consider when choosing GLAs. The suggested Israeli guidelines refocus earlier international recommendations from 2012 and 2015, based on emerging data from cardiovascular outcome trials as well as what we believe are important issues for patient care (i.e., durability, hypoglycemia risk, and weight gain). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The prevalence of diabetes increases with age. Diabetes is a risk factor for many complications such as cardiovascular disease, kidney failure, stroke, neuropathy, and retinopathy. Data from recent years indicate that it is also a risk factor for cognitive impairment, dementia, functional disability and frailty. Diabetes is a disease that requires complex self-care capabilities; the individuals with diabetes are required to take medications on time, examine their feet, exercise, maintain a balance diet, preform daily glucose monitoring, cope with hypoglycemia and understand how differing life situations may effect glucose levels. All of these require intact cognitive and functional abilities. Thus, treatment plans should take into consideration the person's cognitive/functional state. Indeed, in the last several years many professional organizations such as the American Diabetes Association, the International Diabetes Federation, and the American Endocrinology Society have published guidelines for treating older people with diabetes. The Israeli National Diabetes Council, headed by Prof. Itamar Raz, in collaboration with other physician unions and other national councils, have recently authorized the Israeli guidelines for treating older people with diabetes. The Israeli guidelines include categorization of older adults with diabetes in relation to their functional status in order to reach determined treatment targets. According to the Israeli guidelines and in accordance with international guidelines, the treatment targets of the elderly person with diabetes should not be determined by the chronological age of the individuals but rather by their risk for functional deterioration. Older people with diabetes are categorized into three groups according to their risk for functional deterioration. Each category has unique glucose, blood pressure and lipid targets. The guidelines offer valid and reliable tools that, in addition to personal acquaintance with the patient, can help determine the level of risk of functional decline.