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Evaluation of the economic impacts of marine protected areas is hampered by the fact that it is impossible to observe what would have happened if the protected area had never been closed to fishing (the counterfactual). Catch reports and vessel tracks are used to perform an analysis of the potential negative economic impacts of establishing the Northeast Canyons and Seamounts Marine National Monument (located off the east coast of the United States of America) on three commercially important fisheries that were identified as having potential to be harmed. I conclude that there was little to no negative impact on any of the fisheries. I also test for, but find no evidence of, a Blue Paradox effect. Due to political factors largely unrelated to fisheries status, the protected area was reopened to commercial fishing on June 5th, 2020. I use this event, which was reversed sixteen months later, to test whether there were any economic benefits from reopening. I do not observe an increase in catch, a reduction in distance traveled, or an increase in relative fishing effort inside the protected area (compared to historical trends), consistent with the post-closure findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Limited research exists at the intersection of Responsible Leadership (RL) and education organizations. The purpose of this transcendental phenomenological study was to describe the essence of a Responsible Leadership experience from the perspective of middle school teachers in the western United States. Five participants who were all active middle school educators participated in in-depth interviews about their experiences based on the 3Es of Responsible Leadership: effectiveness, ethics, and endurance. Ten shared textural descriptions of experience were constructed from the data: diligence; open RL to more people; dedication to development; take ownership; genuine care for teachers; consistency; fortitude; guided by vision and values; and desirable outcomes of RL for teachers. Implications for future research and practice are addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Byram's fire intensity (IB, tot; kW m-1) is one the most important and widely accepted metrics for quantifying wildfire behaviour. Calculation of IB,tot requires measurement of fuel consumption, heat of combustion and rate of spread; existing methods for obtaining these measurements are either inexact or at times impossible to obtain in the field. This paper presents and evaluates a series of remote sensing methods for directly deriving radiative fire intensity (IB, rad; kW m-1) using the Fire Radiative Power (FRP) approach applied to thermal infrared imagery of spreading vegetation fires. Comparisons between the remote sensing data and ground-sampled measurements were used to evaluate the various estimates of IB, tot, and to determine the radiative fraction (radF) of a fire's emitted energy. Results indicate that the IB, tot along an advancing flame front can be reasonably estimated (and agrees with traditional methods of estimation (R² = 0.34-0.73)) from appropriately collected time-series of remote sensing imagery without the need for ground sampling or ancillary data. We further estimate that the radF of the fire's emitted energy varies between 0.15 and 0.20 depending on the method of calculation, which is similar to previous estimates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary On May 23, 1960, a devastating tsunami struck the city of Hilo on the island of Hawaii. This tsunami provides a unique natural experiment as the tsunami was unexpected, and the other Hawaiian Islands, which were not hit by the tsunami, provide an ideal control group that enables us to precisely identify what happened to the economy of Hilo. We use a synthetic control methodology (Abadie, Diamond, & Hainmueller, 2010), and find that fifteen years after the event, unemployment was still 32% higher and population was still 9% lower than it would have been had the tsunami not occurred. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents a survey on the future of human resource development (HRD) in the U.S., as of August 2003. Factors affecting HRD in the future; Role of HRD in the future; Challenges facing HRD.

Presents critical uncertainties that might affect the discipline of human resource development (HRD) in the U.S. Implications of globalization on HRD; Strategic importance of HRD to organizational performance; Trends in HRD as of August 2003.