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The article focuses on Lupus in Minorities, Nature versus Nurture project, a longitudinal study aimed at determining the relative contribution of socio-economic, demographic, clinical, genetic and psychological factors to the course and outcome of systemic lupus erythematosus in the U.S. The authors of study have split their data into more than 30 partial analyses, describing many diverse aspects such as the early clinical manifestations, the effect of genetic socio-economic and ethnic factors on disease onset, the influence of poverty and wealth, the predictors of disease activity and of early mortality.

Editorial. Comments on the use of pulse cyclophosphamide in the treatment of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) in the United States. Spectrum of NPSLE; Advances in the treatment of NPSLE; Side effects of high doses of cyclophosphamide.

Here, we review current hydroxychloroquine screening guidelines and controversies regarding specific screening tests and acceptance of the guidelines. Screening tests are described, and their predictive results are analysed, with special emphasis on early changes. Further research is needed to come to a conclusion about the efficacy of the new proposed dose.