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Purpose: This paper aims to understand the development track of skills mismatch research and discover the hidden internal connections between literature. Design/methodology/approach: The authors gathered data through scientometric quantitative analysis using CiteSpace. Specifically, this article applied basic analysis, journal cocitation analysis (JCA), author cocitation analysis (ACA) and document cocitation analysis (DCA), cluster analysis, citation burstness detection, scientific research cooperation analysis and coconcurrence analysis of keywords of 3,125 documents from Web of Science core collections for the period 2000-2020. Findings: Through the document cocitation analysis and the keywords' co-occurrence, this article identifies influential scholars, documents, research institutions, journals and research hotspots in research on the skills mismatch phenomenon. The results showed that the publications had ballooned, and the phenomenon has become an interdisciplinary research subject. The USA and Finland remain the main contributors, which is attributed to their high-yield institutions such as the University of Helsinki, the University of Witwatersrand, the University of Washington and so on. While the African continent lacks research on skills mismatch even with the continent's effort to overcome such a crucial issue. The paper presents an in-depth analysis of skills and educational mismatch issues to better understand the evolutionary trajectory of the collective knowledge over the past 20 years and highlight the areas of active pursuit. Research limitations/implications: The authors only used Web of Science core collection to collect data; however, they can added Scopus indexed database as well to extend the research trends and explore more new research hot topics to solve the skills mismatch phenomenon. Originality/value: The scientometric analysis is of great significance for identifying the potential relationship between the literature and investigating the knowledge evolution of skills mismatch research. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, the International Labor Organization and the World Health Organization are the giants who are mostly concerned of the mismatch skills phenomenon. Researchers can refer to this study to understand the status quo, gaps and research trends to deal with the skills mismatch issue.

An expanding body of work demonstrates that American food writing is extending its reach beyond pleasure and abundance to address systemic problems. It has gradually moved away from the practice of assigning status and value to certain foodways, a task predominantly performed by food authorities who did not reflect diverse backgrounds. Instead, recent food journalism engages in discussions regarding class, race, colonialism, ableism, weight stigma, labor rights, and immigration policies, among other pertinent social and political issues. Self-scrutiny is one of its distinguishing features. Much of this change was accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic, which created the circumstances in which food writing became more self-reflexive and more likely to take a political stance. The central aim of this article is to center writings on restaurants to explore key insights from chefs and authors who explicitly reorient their work toward social justice. This shift can be identified in the Best American Food Writing series (2020–2021) and is supported by other contemporary works that discuss food and sociopolitical issues with an emphasis on the restaurant critic's positionality. The article closes with a consideration of the long-term impact of the main reckoning that occurred in 2020. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Lyme disease (LD) affects ∼476,000 people each year in the United States. Symptoms are variable and include rash and flu-like symptoms. Reasons for the wide variation in disease outcomes are unknown. Powassan virus (POWV) is a tick-borne flavivirus that causes disease ranging from asymptomatic infection to encephalitis, neurologic damage, and death. POWV and LD geographic case distributions overlap, with Ixodes species ticks as the common vectors. Clinical ramifications of coinfection or sequential infection are unknown. Objectives: This study's primary objective was to determine the prevalence of POWV-reactive antibodies in sera samples collected from previously studied cohorts of individuals with self-reported LD history residing in the Northeastern United States. As a secondary objective, we studied clinical differences between people with self-reported LD history and low versus high POWV antibody levels. Methods: We used an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to quantify IgG directed at the POWV envelope (E) protein domain III in 538 samples from individuals with self-reported LD history and 16 community controls. The samples were also tested with an ELISA assay to quantify IgG directed at the POWV NS1 protein. Results: The percentage of individuals with LD history and possible evidence of POWV exposure varied depending on the assay utilized. We found no significant difference in clinical symptoms between those with low or high POWV IgG levels in the in-house assay. Congruence of the EDIII and NS1 assays was low with only 12% of those positive in the in-house EDIII ELISA testing positive in the POWV NS1 ELISA. Conclusions: The results highlight the difficulty in flavivirus diagnostic testing, particularly in the retrospective detection of flavivirus exposure. The findings suggest that a prospective study with symptomatic patients using approved clinical testing is necessary to address the incidence and clinical implications of LD and POWV co-infection or sequential infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To identify similarities and differences in the behavioral profile of children with Williams syndrome from Spain (n = 53) and the United States (n = 145), we asked parents of 6- to 14-year-olds with Williams syndrome to complete the Child Behavior Checklist 6-18. The distribution of raw scores was significantly higher for the Spanish sample than the American sample for all of the higher-order factors and half of both the empirically based and "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders" ("DSM")-oriented scales. In contrast, analyses based on country-specific T-scores indicated that the distribution for the Spanish sample was significantly higher than for the American sample only on the Social Problems scale. No gender differences were found. Genetic and cultural influences on children's behavior and cultural influences on parental ratings of behavior are discussed.

Accumulating evidence suggests that anxiety sensitivity (fear of arousal-related sensations) plays an important role in many clinical conditions, particularly anxiety disorders. Research has increasingly focused on how the basic dimensions of anxiety sensitivity are related to various forms of psychopathology. Such work has been hampered because the original measure--the Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI)--was not designed to be multidimensional. Subsequently developed multidimensional measures have unstable factor structures or measure only a subset of the most widely replicated factors. Therefore, the authors developed, via factor analysis of responses from U.S. and Canadian nonclinical participants (n = 2,361), an 18-item measure, the ASI-3, which assesses the 3 factors best replicated in previous research: Physical, Cognitive, and Social Concerns. Factorial validity of the ASI-3 was supported by confirmatory factor analyses of 6 replication samples, including nonclinical samples from the United States and Canada, France, Mexico, the Netherlands, and Spain (n = 4,494) and a clinical sample from the United States and Canada (n = 390). The ASI-3 displayed generally good performance on other indices of reliability and validity, along with evidence of improved psychometric properties over the original ASI.

Objective: To identify factors associated with effective scholarly activity and identify barriers to research during urology residency.Methods: An online survey was sent to 134 urology residency program directors in the United States. The survey assessed program characteristics, available support, and barriers for scholarly activity. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify characteristics of programs in the top quintile for success in scholarly activity.Results: There was a 40% response rate (n = 40). The majority of programs (86%) were university affiliated. Nearly all programs (98%) require participation in scholarly activity as a requirement for graduation. There were 3 primary outcomes evaluated: participation in original research, published scholarly activity and presentation of scholarly activity. Factors significantly associated with participation in original research were required research time (P = 0.06), lack of experienced faculty (P = 0.006), statistical and IRB support (P = 0.03, P = 0.01), funding (P = 0.02), and research curriculum (P = 0.006). Factors significantly associated with publication in peer reviewed journals were lack of funding and experienced faculty (P = 0.07, P = 0.01). Factors significantly associated with presentation of scholarly activity included research director (P = 0.05), chairman support (P = 0.02), research training (P = 0.03), protected time for faculty (P = 0.07), and faculty /resident attitudes toward conducting scholarly activity (P = 0.08, P = 0.02) and resident promotion linked to scholarly activity (P = 0.01).Conclusion: Training urology residents in research is essential. Current methods and available resources are variable. Programs should identify resources and barriers that have the greatest impact on resident success in scholarly activity, and may implement changes to improve productivity within their program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Race and ethnicity along with social determinants of health have been identified as risk factors for COVID-19. The purpose of this clinical paper is to provide an overview of the National Coalition of Ethnic Minority Nurse Associations (NCEMNA), present COVID-19 epidemiological data on five racial–ethnic groups, identify culturally congruent health care strategies for each group, and provide directions for practice and research. Method : NCEMNA collaborated to provide a clinical paper that addresses information about COVID-19 and culturally congruent health care in five racial–ethnic groups. Results : Every organization presented common themes across the different groups and unique perspectives that each group is faced with during this challenge. Discussion : This article provides an introduction to the issues that minority groups are facing. It is imperative that data are collected to determine the extent of the impact of COVID-19 in diverse communities in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fetal mortality represents a problem in society, deaths are related to different causes. However, there are also a large number of unknown causes. Studies around the world, broadly speaking, have found that a total of 275,914 strong fetuses occurred in the United States between 2004 and 2014 compared to 7,571 maternal deaths. The Gaussian Naïve Bayes classifier is presented to assist in the fetal reduction mortality with four variables obtained through INEGI which are: gender, gestational age, maternal age, fetuses (a single pregnancy or a multiple pregnancy). The sample has a total of 2000 data where there is a balance of classes with 50% of cases of fetal death against 50% of births without complications in the year 2017. As a result the number of mislabeled points out of a total 400 points were 17. With a percentage of 96%, 96% and 96% for measures precision, recall and f1-score respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A small number of high-need patients account for a disproportionate amount of Medicaid spending, yet typically engage little in outpatient care and have poor outcomes.Objective: To address this issue, we developed ECHO (Extension for Community Health Outcomes) Care™, a complex care intervention in which outpatient intensivist teams (OITs) provided care to high-need high-cost (HNHC) Medicaid patients. Teams were supported using the ECHO model™, a continuing medical education approach that connects specialists with primary care providers for case-based mentoring to treat complex diseases.Design: Using an interrupted time series analysis of Medicaid claims data, we measured healthcare utilization and expenditures before and after ECHO Care.Participants: ECHO Care served 770 patients in New Mexico between September 2013 and June 2016. Nearly all had a chronic mental illness, and over three-quarters had a chronic substance use disorder.Intervention: ECHO Care patients received care from an OIT, which typically included a nurse practitioner or physician assistant, a registered nurse, a licensed mental health provider, and at least one community health worker. Teams focused on addressing patients' physical, behavioral, and social issues.Main Measures: We assessed the effect of ECHO Care on Medicaid costs and utilization (inpatient admissions, emergency department (ED) visits, other outpatient visits, and dispensed prescriptions.Key Results: ECHO Care was associated with significant changes in patients' use of the healthcare system. At 12 months post-enrollment, the odds of a patient having an inpatient admission and an ED visit were each reduced by approximately 50%, while outpatient visits and prescriptions increased by 23% and 8%, respectively. We found no significant change in overall Medicaid costs associated with ECHO Care.Conclusions: ECHO Care shifts healthcare utilization from inpatient to outpatient settings, which suggests decreased patient suffering and greater access to care, including more effective prevention and early intervention for chronic conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On average 8,000 pork derived products are annually confiscated by Customs and Border Protection at the United States (US) ports of entry such as international airports, harbours or mail offices. These swine products with unknown sanitary status could pose a risk for foreign animal diseases introduction into the US. This study aimed at analysing the risk of African swine fever virus (ASFV) and classical swine fever virus (CSFV) being introduced into the US through prohibited swine products carried by air passengers (PSPAP) and identifying locations and time periods at higher risk where and when preventive and mitigation measures should be implemented. Our results estimated that the risk for CSFV entry was seven times higher and further spread between US airports than for ASFV. Specifically, the overall mean annual probability of ASFV entry was estimated as 0.061 at 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.007, 0.216] while the probability of CSFV entry was estimated as 0.414 (95% CI [0.074, 1]). For both diseases, July and May were the months at highest risk for entry. For ASFV, the origin countries of those PSPAP that represented the highest risk (above 70% of the total risk) were Ghana, Cape Verde, Ethiopia and the Russian Federation, while for CSFV above 90% of the risk at origin was concentrated in the Dominican Republic and Cuba, followed by India, Colombia, Peru, Ecuador and China. These results could be used to implement and feed real time surveillance systems, which could potentially help customs to increase the detection rate of smuggled products, indicating when and where to look for them. Similarly, these systems could be adapted and implemented to other diseases improving the cost‐effectiveness of the resources invested in preventing entrance of diseases via air passengers' luggage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a demographic profile of Filipino nurses in the U.S. It references data from the National Sample Survey of Registered Nurses (NSSRN) conducted by the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). The trend of entry of Filipino nurses into the country from 1960 to 2017 is presented, as well as the level of their job satisfaction and their educational preparation.

This paper analyses the impact of tourism on total and extreme monetary poverty, in order to illuminate the debate surrounding the links between tourism and poverty. We apply fixed effects models to panel data on the Peruvian departments for the period 2001-2013. We also identify the key factors in the tourism model affecting the empirical results. Our findings show that tourism is important for the poor, but its benefits do not reach the extreme poor to the same extent, and its potential is not fully exploited. The weak macroenvironment and low community participation impede poverty reduction through tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It reflects on the role of universities in promoting local development processes, through the analysis of a particular case: the project «University in the country», experience that joined six universities around a common aim: generating processes of development through the design and implementation of a program of higher education for rural youth in poverty, In four Latin American countries (Colombia, Bolivia, Mexico and Nicaragua). The analysis identified four main social roles: a) the university as increaser of the cooperative actions, b) the university as empower of the local social tissue, c) the university as expander of circles of relationships, and d) the university as promoter of development networks. We conclude that contribute to reinforcement the local capacities for development management is the main contribution of university extension to social transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El artículo realiza una lectura crítica del contexto institucional y sociohistórico en que se promulgó la Declaración Universal de Derechos Humanos. Desde esa perspectiva, se analizan las causas del fracaso de la Sociedad de las Naciones creada en 1919 para restablecer la paz después de la Primera Guerra Mundial, así como su visión sobre los derechos humanos en un escenario geopolítico en que las colonias, pertenecientes a los imperios en confrontación, se constituyeron en botín de guerra. A continuación se reconstruye críticamente el papel de las grandes potencias --Reino Unido, Estados Unidos y la Unión Soviética-- en la conformación de las Naciones Unidas, remarcando su renuencia al reconocimiento de derechos humanos de alcance universal en la Carta constitutiva de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas, así como el papel determinante que jugaron los países latinoamericanos para que la Declaración Universal de Derechos Humanos viera la luz a pesar de la oposición de los grandes vencedores de la Segunda Guerra Mundial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This concept is so common to contemporary political language that it deserves to stand out in its usefulness and pertinence. We will review five populists' episodes to learn their general characteristics: the Russian and American one at the end of the twentieth century, the Latin American one from the middle of the twentieth century, the European extreme right in the last quarter of the twentieth century, and finally the Latin American neopopulist of the nineties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main nesting area for loggerhead turtles in the eastern Atlantic is in the Cape Verde Islands, largely restricted to the island of Boa Vista. Extensive monitoring demonstrated a globally significant population for the species despite a sustained high level of anthropogenic take of nesting females for local consumption. Through an extensive stratified monitoring program across the island in the seasons 2007-2009, we estimated a total of 13 955, 12 028 and 19 950 clutches in the 3 years, respectively. These values indicate that the mean number of nesting females averaged 3700. Considering that a female breed, on average, every 2.4 years, we estimate that the overall number of adult females in the population during these three seasons was 8900. These levels are much higher than those suggested in previous studies which were more constrained in spatial coverage. Our findings indicate that Cape Verde hosts the third largest nesting aggregation for this species in the world after the south-eastern US and Oman, with some sites having a particularly high density of nests, facilitating targeted monitoring and conservation. Consumption of sea turtle meat is a traditional practice in Cape Verde that continues despite national sea turtle protection laws. We estimated that 36, 18 and 5% of nesting females were harvested in the 3 years of the study, respectively. Increasing beach protection and monitoring, ongoing educational programs and cooperative projects with local communities are urgently needed to further safeguard the only major loggerhead nesting aggregation in the eastern Atlantic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On June 20, 2008, Jason-2 was successfully launched by a Boeing Delta II rocket from the Vandenberg site, California. The OSTM/Jason-2 project is a cooperation among NASA, NOAA, EUMETSAT, and CNES. The first two months of the OSTM/Jason-2 mission have been dedicated to the assessment of the overall system. The goal of this assessment phase was: to assess the behavior of the spacecraft, at the platform and payload levels; to verify that platform performance requirements are met with respect to Jason-2 requirements; to verify that payload instruments performance requirements evaluated at instrument level are met; and to assess the performance of the Jason-2 Ground System. The paper will display the main outputs of the assessment of the system. It will demonstrate that all the elements of the onboard and ground systems are within the specifications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mexico's 1968 student movement was develop under a context in which predominated hegemonic interests between the Soviet Union and the United States, frame in which non-aligned Countries movement was open. When the tension rise between the two armies, conflicts in the Third Worm became sharp and therefore the presences of the two hegemonic forces were presented through the counter-insurgent policy and the impulse of national liberation fights that involved the movement of non-aligned. All this was develop within the framework of great theory, policy and society debates in the search of better alternatives for the humanity. The student movement responded to these processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents the summaries of important new research from the universities and investigative publications in the U.S., as of April 2003. 'Latinos and the 2002 Election: Republicans Do Well When Latinos Stay Home,' by James Gimpel; 'War to Topple Saddam Is a Moral Obligation,' by Michael Novak; 'The Child Fat Problem,' by Mary Eberstadt.

Discusses the pitfalls of gun control laws in the U.S. Consequences of the past gun control laws; Reasons for implementing gun control laws; Supporters of gun ownership.

Objective: To determine factors and barriers associated with scholarly activity among faculty members at urology residency programs in the United States.Methods: An online survey was sent to all 134 urology residency program directors. The survey assessed program characteristics including size, location and definition of scholarly activity. It assessed available support for and barriers to resident scholarly activity, faculty participation in scholarly activity and mentorship of residents. Linear regression analysis was used.Results: We had a 40% response rate (N = 40). Faculty attitudes toward conducting scholarly activity (P < .001) and lack of a research curriculum (P = .05) were barriers to the outcome 'participation in scholarly activity'. Faculty attitudes toward conducting scholarly activity was also a barrier to the outcomes 'mentorship of residents' (P = .004) and 'publication of at least 1 paper' (P = .004). Available statistician was positively associated with the outcomes 'publications' (P = .062) and 'presentations' (P = .032). A minimum requirement of a local presentation (P=0.04) and chairman support (P = .015) were positively associated with the outcome 'presentation at a conference.'Conclusion: Training residents in research matters for the resident, the institution and future generations of surgeon scientists. Higher levels of faculty scholarly activity were associated with a minimum requirement for residents to submit a manuscript for publication, strong chairman support for resident research, and the availability of a statistician. A common barrier to faculty scholarly activity, publications, and resident mentorship was faculty attitudes toward resident scholarly activity. Urology residency programs seeking to prioritize scholarly activity among faculty should consider these factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Lyme disease (LD) affects ∼476,000 people each year in the United States. Symptoms are variable and include rash and flu-like symptoms. Reasons for the wide variation in disease outcomes are unknown. Powassan virus (POWV) is a tick-borne flavivirus that causes disease ranging from asymptomatic infection to encephalitis, neurologic damage, and death. POWV and LD geographic case distributions overlap, with Ixodes species ticks as the common vectors. Clinical ramifications of coinfection or sequential infection are unknown. Objectives: This study's primary objective was to determine the prevalence of POWV-reactive antibodies in sera samples collected from previously studied cohorts of individuals with self-reported LD history residing in the Northeastern United States. As a secondary objective, we studied clinical differences between people with self-reported LD history and low versus high POWV antibody levels. Methods: We used an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to quantify IgG directed at the POWV envelope (E) protein domain III in 538 samples from individuals with self-reported LD history and 16 community controls. The samples were also tested with an ELISA assay to quantify IgG directed at the POWV NS1 protein. Results: The percentage of individuals with LD history and possible evidence of POWV exposure varied depending on the assay utilized. We found no significant difference in clinical symptoms between those with low or high POWV IgG levels in the in-house assay. Congruence of the EDIII and NS1 assays was low with only 12% of those positive in the in-house EDIII ELISA testing positive in the POWV NS1 ELISA. Conclusions: The results highlight the difficulty in flavivirus diagnostic testing, particularly in the retrospective detection of flavivirus exposure. The findings suggest that a prospective study with symptomatic patients using approved clinical testing is necessary to address the incidence and clinical implications of LD and POWV co-infection or sequential infection.