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Purpose: Using the life stress model of psychological well-being, in this study we examined risks and resources predicting the occurrence of both positive and negative affect among older Asian Indian immigrants who experienced stressful life events. Design and Methods: We collected data through a telephone survey of 226 respondents (aged 50 years and older) in the Southeastern United States. We used hierarchical, negative binomial regression analyses to examine correlates of positive and negative affect. Results: Different coping resources influenced positive and negative affect when stressful life events were controlled for. Being female was a common risk factor for poorer positive and increased negative affect. Satisfaction with friendships and a cultural or ethnic identity that is either bicultural or more American were predictive of greater positive affect. Greater religiosity and increased mastery were resources predicting less negative affect. Implications: Cognitive and structural interventions that increase opportunities for social integration, increasing mastery, and addressing spiritual concerns are discussed as ways of coping with stress to improve the well-being of individuals in this immigrant community.Key Words: Depression, Social support, Ethnicity, Asian and Pacific Islanders, Mental Health

A nationally representative survey of 2000 American adults shows broad support for prohibiting gun-possession on private land without the landowner's explicit permission. Many states have laws which permit concealed weapon carry unless explicitly prohibited by the landowner, but our survey suggests statistically-significant majorities would prefer "no carry" defaults with regard to homeowners, employers, and retailers. While respondents who are Republican, male, or gun owners are more likely to support "carry" defaults, we find that the majoritarian rejection of "carry" defaults does not tend to vary by region or state. However, our survey does find majority support for a default right to possess guns in rented property and on an employer's parking lot. Respondents across all contexts also report substantial ignorance or misinformation about the law. Landowners who don't know or mistakenly believe that concealed carry is, by default, prohibited on their land may be less able to protect themselves by explicitly prohibiting such third-party possession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objectives of the study were to determine the nutrient intakes and to examine body image perceptions and weight concerns of elite female US international synchronized skaters. One hundred and twenty-three skaters (mean age = 17.0 ± 2.1 y; BMI = 21.32 ± 2.13) representing six US international synchronized skating teams from the 1998 competitive season participated in the study. Nutrient intakes were determined from 3-d dietary records. Body image perceptions were assessed from responses to silhouette drawings. Skaters completed an emotional and physical self-appraisal. Weight concerns were assessed using a self-administered validated weight history questionnaire. The reported energy intake was 26 kcal/kg. The contribution of carbohydrate, fat, and protein to total energy intake was 62%, 23%, and 15% for younger (14-18 y) and 62%, 24%, and 14%, respectively, for the older (19-30 y) skaters. Significant differences (P < 0.001) were observed between perceived ideal and current body shapes. The greater the dissatisfaction with physical and emotional self, the larger the discrepancy between current versus desired body shape. Results suggest that sports nutritionists should not only assess nutrition factors but also examine psychosocial and emotional correlates related to body image and weight concerns of synchronized skaters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diabetes is associated with an increased risk for active tuberculosis (TB) disease. We conducted a case-control study and found a significant association between diabetes and TB disease among US-bound refugees. These findings underscore the value of collaborative management of both diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Whole grain (WG) foods have been shown to reduce chronic disease risk and overweight. Total dietary fiber is associated with WG and its health benefits. The purpose was to determine whether associations exist between WG intake (no-WG intake, 0 ounce equivalent [oz eq]; low, >0-<3 oz eq; high, ≥3 oz eq) and total dietary fiber intake among Americans 2 years and older. One-day food intake data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009 to 2010 (n = 9042) showed that only 2.9% and 7.7% of children/adolescents (2-18 years) and adults (≥19 years) consumed at least 3 WG oz eq/d, respectively. For children/adolescents and adults, individuals in the high WG intake group were 59 and 76 times more likely to fall in the third fiber tertile, respectively, compared with those with no-WG intake. Total dietary fiber intake from food sources varied by WG intake group for children/adolescents and adults with more total dietary fiber consumed from ready-to-eat (RTE) and hot cereals and yeast breads/rolls in the high WG intake group compared with the no-WG intake group. Major WG sources for children/adolescents and adults included yeast bread/rolls (24% and 27%, respectively), RTE cereals (25% and 20%, respectively), and oatmeal (12% and 21%, respectively). Among those with the highest WG intake, WG RTE cereal with no added bran was the greatest contributor to total dietary fiber compared with other RTE cereal types. Whole grain foods make a substantial contribution to total dietary fiber intake and should be promoted to meet recommendations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Electronic health records (EHR) are not a new idea in the U.S. medical system, but surprisingly there has been very slow adoption of fully integrated EHR systems in practice in both primary care settings and within hospitals. For those who have invested in EHR, physicians report high levels of satisfaction and confidence in the reliability of their system. There is also consensus that EHR can improve patient care, promote safe practice, and enhance communication between patients and multiple providers, reducing the risk of error. As EHR implementation continues in hospitals, administrative and physician leadership must actively investigate all of the potential risks for medical error, system failure, and legal responsibility before moving forward. Ensuring that physicians are aware of their responsibilities in relation to their charting practices and the depth of information available within an EHR system is crucial for minimizing the risk of malpractice and lawsuit. Hospitals must commit to regular system upgrading and corresponding training for all users to reduce the risk of error and adverse events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The main objective of this descriptive study was to determine the energy, macronutrient, and micronutrient intakes as well as the dietary supplement use of female 2002 US national elite synchronized skaters. One hundred twenty-two female synchronized skaters (mean age = 15.7 ± 2.4 years) from the 2002 US national synchronized skating teams participated in the study. Nutrient intakes were determined from 3-day dietary records. Dietary supplement use was assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were computed for the study variables. The mean body mass index of the synchronized skaters was 21.0 kg/m2 (SD = 2.0 kg/m2). Their mean daily energy intake was 1658 kcal/d. The contributions of carbohydrate, fat, and protein to total energy intake were 57%, 15%, and 29%, respectively. The synchronized skaters'' dietary intakes of vitamins E and K as well as calcium, magnesium, and potassium were less than two thirds of the recommended intakes. Forty percent of the synchronized skaters reported using a dietary supplement, with the most common ones being multivitamin-minerals (19%), sports drinks and sports bars (14%), multivitamins (11%), individual vitamins (9%), and Echinacea (9%). The main reasons given by the synchronized skaters for using dietary supplements were to prevent illness and disease (24%), have more energy (13%), and make up for an inadequate diet (9%). Given that synchronized skating is a team sport, it is important to encourage all team members to maintain adequate dietary intakes to support the positive performance and well-being of individual synchronized skaters and the entire team. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The article explores the problem on pricing for consumers and business-to-business companies in the U.S. When decisions about list prices and promotions are produced by dissimilar or competing constituents, the problem of pricing will set to start. Similarly, when companies tries more to expand their products and corporate alliances, the greater the complexity of pricing occurs.

The purpose of this pilot study was to assess the dietary intake of female soccer players from the Under-21 (U-21) United States women’s national soccer team. Participants completed three-day food records and a medical history questionnaire. The female soccer players reported an energy intake of 34 kcal/kg body weight (total 2015 kcal/day). The contribution of protein, fat and carbohydrate to total energy intake were 15%, 30% and 55%, respectively. Dietary intakes of vitamins D and E were less than two-thirds of the recommendations and intake of all minerals was greater than two-thirds of the recommendations. The self-reported health status suggests that this was a healthy group of female athletes. Responses to the nutrition attitude questions suggest that these athletes may benefit from appropriate education regarding the role of nutrients in health and performance. In summary, results of this pilot study suggest that these young female soccer players should be encouraged to eat small, high carbohydrate nutrient dense meals, frequently throughout the day, and they should be provided with appropriate nutrition counseling. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Asian Indians (AIs) have considerable within-group diversity in education levels, socioeconomic status, language, and diet based on the region of origin in India. The objective of this study was to determine if dietary intake patterns vary based on region of origin among first generation AI immigrants and if these differences influence body mass index (BMI). AI men and women (n=237), over 40 years, in southern US participated in a telephone survey. Responses to the Block food frequency questionnaire suggest that the diet of the study participants was low in dietary fiber while dietary fat intake was within guidelines. Intake of individual foods varied by region of origin. BMI also varied by region of origin (P<.05), with individuals from the north having a higher BMI (26.3) compared to those from the south and west (24.3). Regression analysis showed BMI to be significantly related to total fat intake, physical activity, and north region. Results suggest that dietary advice and lifestyle recommendations should be individualized. J Am Diet Assoc. 2002; 102:1286-1289. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Background. Body mass index (BMI) is believed to be associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) risks. A major question is whether each BMI category provides independent risk information and whether the BMI categories provide similar results for African-American (AA) men and women relative to lipid, lipoproteins, and blood pressure.Methods. A descriptive research design was used to evaluate the effects of BMI categories on lipoproteins, lipids, and blood pressure, and to determine if similar CHD risks related to these variables were observed in AA men and women. The 358 (108 men and 250 women; 40–70 year of age) participants were recruited from churches in a southeastern metropolitan area.Results. The results indicate that BMI is positively associated with lipoproteins, lipids, and blood pressure in both AA men and women. Relative risks for CHD were higher for obese (BMI > 30 kg/m2) men and women, but the overweight (OW) category provided the same information as the normal weight (NW) category for men, but not for women.Conclusions. This suggests that the same BMI standards provide different CHD risk information for AA men than for AA women and that gender-specific BMI standards may be warranted for more effective CHD risk stratification in AA adults. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]