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The article presents a study on the National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging's Diversity Administrative Supplement Program. Topics discussed include purpose of establishing the NIH Diversity Supplements (DS) program in 1989, demographics and scientific areas of interest, and institutional characteristics.

Health disparities research in the United States over the past 2 decades has yielded considerable progress and contributed to a developing evidence base for interventions that tackle disparities in health status and access to care. However, health disparity interventions have focused primarily on individual and interpersonal factors, which are often limited in their ability to yield sustained improvements. Health disparities emerge and persist through complex mechanisms that include socioeconomic, environmental, and system-level factors. To accelerate the reduction of health disparities and yield enduring health outcomes requires broader approaches that intervene upon these structural determinants. Although an increasing number of innovative programs and policies have been deployed to address structural determinants, few explicitly focused on their impact on minority health and health disparities. Rigorously evaluated, evidence-based structural interventions are needed to address multilevel structural determinants that systemically lead to and perpetuate social and health inequities. This article highlights examples of structural interventions that have yielded health benefits, discusses challenges and opportunities for accelerating improvements in minority health, and proposes recommendations to foster the development of structural interventions likely to advance health disparities research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Translating evidence-based HIV/STD prevention interventions and research findings into applicable HIV prevention practice has become an important challenge for the fields of community psychology and public health due to evidence-based interventions and evidence-based practice being given higher priority and endorsement by federal, state, and local health department funders. The Interactive Systems Framework (ISF) for Dissemination and Implementation and the Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention (DHAP) Research-to-Practice model both address this challenge. The DHAP model and the ISF are each presented with a brief history and an introduction of their features from synthesis of research findings through translation into intervention materials to implementation by prevention providers. This paper describes why the ISF and the DHAP model were developed and the similarities and differences between them. Specific examples of the use of the models to translate research to practice and the subsequent implications for support of each model are provided. The paper concludes that the ISF and the DHAP model are truly complementary with some unique differences, while both contribute substantially to addressing the gap between identifying effective programs and ensuring their widespread adoption in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In response to the global shortage of nursing faculty, Loma Linda University School of Nursing offered an off-campus master's degree program to prepare nurse educators who would commit to remain in their home countries following graduation. The program was approved by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges to be offered in both English and Spanish. Students and faculty met for 1 month each year for 4 years at one of two international sites: Thailand or Argentina. Forty-five of 49 students completed the program. The cultural diversity in both cohorts enriched classroom discussions, social interaction, and student-faculty conversations. The program was a life-changing experience for all involved and helped to meet the global need for nursing faculty. The faculty reported that it broadened their world view and opened their minds to the potential for innovation to transform nursing education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. We evaluated the efficacy of HIV behavioral interventions for African American females in the United States, and we identified factors associated with intervention efficacy. Methods. We conducted a comprehensive literature review covering studies published from January 1988 to June 2007, which yielded 37 relevant studies. Data were analyzed using mixed-effects models and meta-regression. Results. Overall, behavioral interventions had a significant impact on reductions in HIV-risk sex behaviors (odds ratio [OR]=0.63; 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.54, 0.75; n=11239; Cochrane Q[sub 32]=84.73; P<.001) and sexually transmitted infections (STIs; OR=0.81; 95% CI=0.67, 0.98; n=8760; Cochrane Q[sub 16]=22.77; P=.12). Greater intervention efficacy was observed in studies that specifically targeted African American females used gender-or culture-specific materials, used female deliverers, addressed empowerment issues, provided skills training in condom use and negotiation of safer sex, and used role-playing to teach negotiation skills. Conclusions. Behavioral interventions are efficacious at preventing HIV and STIs among African American females. More research is needed to examine the potential contribution of prevention strategies that attend to community-level and structural-level factors affecting HIV infection and transmission in this population. (Am J Public Health. 2009;99:2069-2078. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.139519) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Asian American immigrant women engaged in filial caregiving are at special risk for health problems due to complex contextual factors related to immigration, cultural traditions, and role transition. This study examines the experience of two groups of immigrant Asian American women who are caring for older parents. A total of 41 women (22 Chinese American and 19 Filipino American) were interviewed in a study based on Strauss and Corbin's grounded theory methodology. The women were determined to be loyal to their traditional culture, which included strong filial values, while adapting to a new culture. Through the struggle of meeting role expectations and coping with paradox, the women mobilized personal and family resources to transform vulnerability into strength and well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deals with a study which described the process of caring for elderly parents by Asian-American women in the U.S. Methodology of the study based on the Strauss and Corbin's grounded theory of methodology; Strategies in caregiving; Implications of transitions to the contexts and roles of caregivers.

The article focuses on Kids Voting USA, a nonpartisan, nonprofit organization headquartered in Tempe, Arizona. Details on the organization's development, information on its growth, and anecdotal evidence concerning the positive impacts of Kids Voting USA are examined. Particular focus is given to the organization's goals of reducing political apathy among U.S. citizens and increasing voter participation by educating future generations of voters. Community efforts to implement the program are also explored and the involvement of local leaders, schools, newspapers, parents, and community volunteers is discussed.