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Although proper physician-industry financial relationships are essential for improving patient care, they can also cause potential conflicts of interest. However, little is known about the pathologist-industry financial relationships. Using the 2013-2021 Open Payments Database, this cross-sectional study investigated both research and non-research payments to all pathologists in the USA. Payment data were analyzed descriptively. Of 21,664 pathologists, 49.5% of all pathologists have received payments totaling $356.7 million from the healthcare industry, of which 68.2% were research payments. Median per-physician general and associated research payments (IQR) were $145($49-$575) and $70,926 ($17,450-$299,285) over the nine years. The top 1% of pathologists receiving general payments received 68.0% of all general payments. Male pathologists specializing in blood banking and transfusion medicine and hematopathology are significantly more likely than those not to receive research and non-research payments. This first study provides valuable insights into the financial relationships between pathologists and the healthcare industry., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Many prescription drugs approved for adult use lack pediatric labeling information, resulting in their off-label use in children. Drug regulatory authorities have developed legal and regulatory frameworks to promote pediatric drug development. However, the current state of pediatric indication approval and quality of efficacy evidence, which forms the basis of regulatory approvals, is unknown. Here, we analyzed novel therapeutics approved in Japan, the United States, and the European Union during 2005-2014 to investigate the timing and frequency of pediatric indication approval, and characterized the design of pediatric studies supporting regulatory approval. We found that the United States and European Union experienced a higher frequency of supplemental indication approval in pediatrics based on better-designed studies than Japan. The speed and efficiency of pediatric drug development will improve by coordinating pediatric studies on an international basis. The results also implied the necessity for a robust system of postmarketing monitoring of pediatric efficacy and safety., (© 2019 The Authors Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics © 2019 American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.)

This paper examines federal and state restrictions on immigrants and the negative impact of these restrictions on local efforts to serve the uninsured. It examines a health coverage program offered to low-income residents in Alameda County, California from 2000 to 2005, illustrating local efforts to expand health coverage to both adults and children, regardless of immigration status. After five years of operating the pilot program, leaders of Alameda County's health care safety net conclude that local health coverage programs are unsustainable over a long period of time without significant federal and state support. The financial resources that federal, state, and local governments are patching together for health coverage could be used more efficiently if consolidated. Stabilizing the federal tax base and recognizing the phenomenal amount of federal, state, and local funding that is already spent on medical care for the uninsured are the first steps towards achieving meaningful health care reform.