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Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics and outcomes of Medicare patients treated in inpatient rehabilitation facilities (IRFs) in 2013 through 2018., Design: A descriptive study was conducted., Methods: A total of 2,907,046 IRF Medicare fee-for-service and Medicare Advantage patient stays that ended in 2013 through 2018 were analyzed., Results: The number of Medicare patients treated in IRFs increased by about 9%, from 466,092 in 2013 to 509,475 in 2018. Although IRF patients' age and racial/ethnic composition remained similar across the years, there was a shift in patients' primary rehabilitation diagnosis, with more patients with stroke, neurological conditions, traumatic and nontraumatic brain injury, fewer patients with orthopedic conditions, and fewer coded as having medically complex conditions. Across the years, the percentage of patients discharged to the community was between 73.0% and 74.4%., Clinical Relevance to the Practice of Rehabilitation Nursing: Rehabilitation nurses should have training and expertise in the management of patients with stroke and neurological conditions to provide high-quality IRF care., Conclusions: Between 2013 and 2018, the number of Medicare patients treated in IRFs increased overall. There were more patients with stroke and neurological conditions and fewer patients with orthopedic conditions. Changes to IRF and other post-acute care policies, Medicaid expansion, and alternative payment programs may partially be driving these changes., (Copyright © 2023 Written work prepared by employees of the Federal Government as part of their official duties is, under the U.S. Copyright Act, a “work of the United States Government” for which copyright protection under Title 17 of the United States Code is not available. As such, copyright does not extend to the contributions of employees of the Federal Government.)

Background: Computed virtual chromoendoscopy (CVC) enables high-definition imaging of mucosal lesions with improved tissue contrast. Previous studies have shown that CVC yields an improved detection rate of colorectal lesions. However, the learning curve for interpretation of CVC images is unknown., Objective: To examine the learning curve of correctly identifying hyperplastic and adenomatous colorectal lesions by using CVC., Design: Prospective, 2-center study., Patients: Consecutive patients undergoing screening colonoscopy were included. CVC images were analyzed by using corresponding polypectomies as the reference standard followed by a prospective, double-blind review of i-scan images., Methods: A training set containing 20 images with known histology was reviewed to standardize image interpretation, followed by a blind review of 110 unknown images. Overall, 4 endoscopists from 2 different endoscopy centers evaluated the images, which were obtained by 1 endoscopist using high-definition endoscopy with CVC., Results: Patients were included in a prospective fashion. Seventy-seven of 110 colorectal lesions were adenomas and 33 were hyperplastic lesions. Mean diameter of colonic polyps was 4 mm (range, 2-20 mm). Overall accuracy for the group was 73.9% for lesions 1 to 22, 79.6% for lesions 23 to 44, 84.1% for lesions 45 to 66, 87.5% for lesions 67 to 88, and 94.3% for lesions 89 to 110. Accuracy of i-scan for prediction of polyp histology was not dependent on polyp size (≤5 mm, 6-10 mm, or > 10 mm). The ability to obtain high-quality images was stable over time, and high-quality images were constantly produced., Limitation: Post-hoc assessment., Conclusion: Accurate interpretation of CVC images for prediction of hyperplastic and adenomatous colorectal lesions follows a learning curve but can be learned rapidly., (Copyright © 2013 American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.)