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The article focuses on the attempt by cabinet members of U.S. President Donald Trump to reassure allies about the country's foreign policy. Topics covered include the skepticism over who is in charge in the country, the confusion among global leaders about whom to believe when it comes to the direction of the country's national security, and the perception that Trump has abandoned a consensus on how to achieve peace between Israelis and Palestinians.

The article discusses the late 1960s letters of the former U.S. first lady Jackie Kennedy Onassis to her friend David Ormsby Gore, or Lord Harletch, including in regard to her rejection of his marriage proposal and her marriage to Aristotle Onassis.

The article discusses establishment of Instrument in Support of Trade Exchanges (Instex) by Britain, France and Germany to trade with Iran. Topics discussed include the firm helps in direct financial transactions between Iran and other countries; Britain, France and Germany are also signatories of the trade agreement; and talks about financial mechanism which promotes trade in medicine and food.

The article discusses the issues relating to the U.S. president Donald Trump's various policies including trade policy, security policy and tariffs policy focusing free-trade agreement between Japan and Europe, imposition of tariffs on Germany, and management of multilateralism.

The article reports that the application of former North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Secretary General Javier Solana for the renewal of the Electronic System for Travel Authorization (ESTA) has been rejected and denied.

The article discusses the Russian President Vladimir V. Putin's diplomacy with Europe, within the context of U.S. President Donald Trump tariffs on steel and aluminum from Europe. The impact of the U.S. tariffs on the U.S.'s alliance with Europe is discussed. Putin's relations with far-right populism in Europe is also discussed.

The article discusses debate over the French government's response to a terrorist attack on the offices of satirical newspaper "Charlie Hebdo," highlighting critical views of a counterterrorism policy similar to that of the United States following the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks. Topics addressed include concerns about violations of civil liberties in the name of counterterrorism, as well as the USA Patriot Act surveillance and intelligence law.

The article discusses the termination of rape investigation against Julian Assange, WikiLeaks founder, by Sweden's prosecutors, extradition issued by the U.S. to Assange for leaking confidential emails, and his possible association with Chelsea Manning for stealing the U.S. secrets.

The article discusses potential U.S. government efforts to use the United States' domestic supply of natural gas to undercut Russian natural gas sales in Ukraine and Europe in order to apply pressure on Russian president Vladimir V. Putin to cease Russia's military intervention in the Crimea region of Ukraine. Topics addressed include advocacy for increasing U.S. natural gas exports, as well as the views of Carlos Pascual, head of the U.S. State Department's Bureau of Energy Resources.

The article focuses on the trade-offs being faced by Europe in an attempt to follow the extraction of shale gas from rock by the U.S. It says that the lawmakers of the European Union have given an initial approval on October 9, 2013 which requires the companies to conduct environmental audits before the fraction of shale gas. Moreover, the debates over the fraction of shale gas in France was reflected by disputes in the government.

The article discusses concerns throughout the world regarding the possibility that the United States could possibly fail to extend its debt ceiling and thus default on its loans in October of 2013, highlighting the global economic damage that could result from the default. Topics addressed include the effect of the U.S. government shutdown on its foreign relations, fears of a potential financial crisis in Europe, and foreigners' attitudes towards the power of U.S. President Barack Obama.

The article announces that France would recognize the new Syrian rebel coalition after the difficult negotiations in Doha, Qatar by the France President François Hollande. It says that the coalition goal was to build an opposition leadership from both inside and outside the country. According to Andrew J. Tabler, a Syria expert at the Washington Institute, the new coalition needs to create a secure zone in Syria in order to be successful, and that step needs support from the U.S..

The article reports on the statement of French President François Hollande on the spy issue in the U.S. It states that the Hollande calls to postpone the planned trade pact between the U.S.' and its European and Asian allies, until the issue will be resolved and confidence is restored. The European lawmakers also warn their loss of confidence in U.S. President Barack Obama's administration, which will make it hard for the parties to agree on a free trade deal.

The article discusses potential debates over the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP), a trade agreement between the United States and the European Union (E.U.), at a meeting of the E.U.'s trade ministers on June 14, 2013. Topics addressed include TTIP's strategic importance for Europe's economic competition with China, and disagreements regarding automobile safety and the distribution of American motion pictures in Europe.

The article analyzes the policy options for the U.S. and Israel after a week of conflict has essentially split Palestine into separate entities, the Gaza Strip controlled by Hamas, and the West Bank, controlled by Fatah. Both countries have decided to aid Fatah, and put pressure on Hamas. This poses the risk that any Palestinian government seen as supported by Israel and the U.S. will be rejected by the Palestinian people and by other Arab nations.

The article reports that the armed forces of the Palestinian political group Hamas have established control over most of the Gaza Strip, defeating the forces of their rival Fatah. Fatah retains control of most of the West Bank territory. The action has effectively split Palestine into two parts. The unity government of President Mahmoud Abbas, Israel, and the United States all face difficult problems as a result, and the options of all three parties appear both limited and unpleasant.

The article explores the changing dynamics of the relationship between Israel and the U.S. It is asserted that Israelis, who are most concerned with stopping Iran from getting nuclear weapons, have been skeptical of U.S. President George W. Bush's policies for regional reform. An impending visit to the White House by Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert is considered, and the article speculates about the impact of the 2006 midterm election results on the relationship between the two countries.

The authors report that an Israeli tank shelling killed 18 Palestinians in northern Gaza, including 8 children and 6 women. Angry Hamas leaders called for retaliatory suicide bombings inside Israel and for the U.S. to be targeted for its support of Israel. Israeli leaders said they regretted what initial reports suggest was a misfire.

This article focuses on the change in Israeli policy concerning the use of foreign forces. While Arab leaders have sought international intervention in their conflicts with Israel in the past, Israel has not. Now, however, Israel is embracing this possibility. Israel realizes that Hezbollah rocket attacks cannot be stopped without its reoccupation of Lebanon, which it does not want to do. In addition, Israel now feels its interests coincide with those of the U.S., Europe and even certain parts of the Arab world.

Focuses on the first independent survey of the Palestinian security environment since the death of Yasir Arafat, which says the security forces of the Palestinian Authority are divided, weak, overstaffed, badly motivated and underarmed. Suggestion that more attention be paid to building up institutions rather than personalities; How the survey was prepared in coordination with Lieutenant General William E. Ward, the U.S.-appointed coordinator of the effort to overhaul Palestinian security and the Palestinian Authority; Intent to analyze deficiencies of Palestinian security forces while suggesting a long-term program of improvement; Effort to plan Palestinian security cooperation with Israel before, during and after the Israeli pullout of its settlers from the Gaza Strip; Risks to a successful Israeli disengagement; Overview of the report.

Reports the decision of the U.S. government to suspend the transfer of terrorism suspects to Cuba. Factors influencing the decision; Construction of temporary cages; Determination of the moral credibility of the war against terrorism.

An obituary for Polish-American lawyer and Holocaust survivor Samuel Pisar is presented.

The article reports on the failure of the first face-to-face diplomatic meeting brokered by the U.S. between Russia and Ukraine over the crisis in Crimea.

The article reports on the diplomatic efforts of the U.S. and Europe to defuse the crisis in Ukraine by raising financial aid and initiate regular contract with the government and opposition leaders to guide the country out the political crisis that started since 2013.

The article reports on the response of Europe to the secrecy surrounding Prism, the national security electronic surveillance program of the U.S., and the differing perceptions of Europe on privacy based on tradition and differing philosophies of the law and history.

The article reports on the threats received by U.S. military base in Japan and in the Pacific Island of Guam from North Korea and mentions the sanctions imposed by the United Nations (UN) to Pyongyang.

The article reports on the denial of the U.S. Embassy in Paris, France on the issue that the U.S. has carried out a cyberattack to read files on computers in the Élysée Palace during the administration of former French president Nicolas Sarkozy. It mentions that the embassy argue that the cyberattack story was untrue and that the charge against the U.S. was based on assumptions. The statement from the embassy says that they categorically refute the cyberattack allegations.

The article focuses on the implications of the victory of the U.S. President Barack Obama in the 2012 U.S. presidential elections on European leaders who remained struggling over austerity and weak economic growth. It states that the victory of Obama that focused partly on the government's role in economy will likely resonate in European countries. It says that both President François Hollande of France and Prime Minister Mario Monti of Italy will likely benefit from the victory of Obama.

The article reports on the impact of the American presidential debate on foreign policy. It indicates U.S. President Barack Obama highlighted nuclear nonproliferation and the problems of climate change. It also discussed the role of Turkey or its dilemma as a Muslim nation sharing a border with Syria, as well as the attack that killed Ambassador J. Christopher Stevens and three other Americans in Libya.

WASHINGTON -- The Obama administration and its European allies plan to open new negotiations with Iran by demanding the immediate closing and ultimate dismantling of a recently completed nuclear facility deep under a mountain, according to American and European diplomats. They are also calling for a halt in the production of uranium fuel that is considered just a few steps from bomb grade, and the shipment of existing stockpiles of that fuel out of the country, the diplomats said. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

PARIS FRANCE and the United States have different notions of liberty, equality and fraternity, though the words look roughly the same in both languages. Methods of combating homegrown terrorism -- another French word dating from 1789 -- are also quite different, stemming from different histories, legal systems and conceptions of the state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MUNICH -- Defense Secretary Leon E. Panetta and Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton sought to reassure Europe on Saturday that, despite budget cuts in Washington and the coming withdrawal from the Continent of about 6,000 to 7,000 American troops, the United States was not abandoning its partners across the Atlantic. ''Europe remains America's partner of first resort,'' Mrs. Clinton said, and Mr. Panetta described Europe as the United States' ''security partner of choice for military operations and diplomacy around the world.'' [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

WASHINGTON -- The world's financiers and finance ministers have descended on the annual forum in Davos, Switzerland, at another perilous moment, with the sovereign debt woes in Europe sapping strength from emerging markets and threatening global growth. Every nation's rebound is at risk, including that of the United States -- a particular concern for President Obama, who wants to trumpet the country's renewed strength during his re-election campaign. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

WASHINGTON -- With word that the Pentagon will bring two combat brigades home from Germany, the Obama administration faces a challenge to convince Atlantic allies that the military's new orders to refocus on the Asia-Pacific region, while sustaining its role in the Middle East, will not mean abandoning Europe to fit shrinking budgets. But numbers tell a story. During the height of the cold war, when America's heavily armored and nuclear-tipped force in Europe comforted allies and deterred the Soviet Union, the Army reached a peak of 277,342 troops on the Continent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Iranian officials struck a defiant posture on Thursday in response to a proposed oil embargo by the European Union, calling the intensified efforts to halt Iran's nuclear program, including new sanctions by United States, tantamount to ''an economic war.'' The strong words were the latest in a series of escalating military and diplomatic responses by Iran in recent weeks amid growing pressure from Western powers. On Tuesday, Iran warned the United States that it would take action if an American aircraft carrier that left the Persian Gulf through the Strait of Hormuz were to return. The United States has said that the threats would not cause it to alter military deployments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, known as Unesco, will trim its budget, restrict travel and publications, put all spending under review, and freeze any new projects between now and the end of the year after the United States withdrew its funding, its director general, Irina Bokova, said Thursday. Washington stopped providing funding, including about $65 million for the 2011 budget, after Unesco admitted the Palestinians as a full member. The United States has said it had no choice because legislation dating back to the 1990s mandates a complete cutoff of money to any United Nations agency that accepts the Palestinians as a full member. The United States provides 22 percent of the Unesco budget, and the withdrawal of funding has thrown the organization into crisis. Also on Thursday, Gabon announced that it would provide an extra $2 million for this year's budget. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PARIS -- The Palestinian bid for full membership in Unesco -- the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization -- has put both Washington and the organization into an urgent bind. United States legislation dating back more than 15 years mandates a complete cutoff of American financing to any United Nations agency that accepts the Palestinians as a full member. Unesco depends on the United States for 22 percent of its budget, about $70 million a year. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

PARIS -- Despite strong opposition from the United States, Germany and several other European states, the Palestinians gained initial approval on Wednesday of a bid for full membership in Unesco -- the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization -- as part of their broader campaign for recognition as a state by the United Nations Security Council. But full membership in Unesco could mean a legally mandated cutoff of all contributions from the United States, both dues and voluntary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BRUSSELS -- With the Pentagon facing severe budget cuts, Secretary of Defense Leon E. Panetta asked NATO's European members on Wednesday to heed the lessons of the Libya war and cooperate on much-needed defense spending in order ''not to hollow out this alliance.'' Mr. Panetta, in his first European speech as defense secretary, handed out praise as well as criticism, speaking with care in the aftermath of a fiercely phrased warning in June by his predecessor, Robert M. Gates, that NATO risked irrelevance because of its failures to invest in defense. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PARIS -- It was once the Americans, then the Japanese, then the Russians. Now it's the Chinese. In recent months, Paris has been dominated by the Chinese, who have begun to travel abroad in large numbers, and who come here less to eat than to shop. According to Atout France, the French tourism development agency, individual visas are still expensive and restricted for Chinese visitors. So they come mostly on bus tours organized back home, usually for trips of 10 to 15 days that often start in Germany, with stops in Switzerland, Italy or the Netherlands. They almost always end in Paris, and it is in Paris that most do their shopping. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

PARIS -- On Sunday, however briefly, nations around the world came together with the United States to remember the attacks on New York and the Pentagon that killed nearly 3,000 people from 90 countries. Commemorations were held from Indonesia to Israel, with many political and religious leaders expressing their commitment to democracy and the fight against terrorism. But there was also weariness, with smaller-than-expected crowds in some cities and numerous commentaries noting the wars that followed Sept. 11 and the attacks' more negative impacts -- on civil liberties, air travel, international law and the United States' reputation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Steven Erlanger is the Paris bureau chief of The New York Times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PARIS -- European political leaders have garnered much of the blame for the continuing crisis of the euro, consistently failing to act with enough speed or severity to calm the markets. But the current panic has been partly produced by American politicians, whose noisy squabbling over the debt ceiling has combined with the prospect of another United States recession to undermine the potential for global growth. It is that prospect -- that Americans will again retrench and stop buying goods from China and Europe and everywhere else -- that is putting new pressure on debt-ridden euro zone economies, most recently Italy and Spain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Master of Business Administration began as a distinctly American creation, developed in response to the galloping industrial growth of the late 19th century and the new American phenomena to which it gave rise: the modern corporation, scientific marketing, mass advertising, investment banking. The professional manager was born and, to train him, the world's first graduate school of management -- at Dartmouth, in 1900. Eight years later, Harvard began offering what it claims was the world's first M.B.A. And for the next century, the American academy was the uncontested capital of practical business education. No more. Whatever one thinks of rankings, the fact remains: top-10 lists may now have as many non-American as American business schools. European M.B.A. programs, in particular, are drawing expanding ranks of high-powered students. In the last decade, their English-language programs, created with the explicit hope of luring foreign students, have flourished. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

ISTANBUL -- The United States formally recognized the rebel leadership in Libya as the country's legitimate government on Friday, allowing the rebel government access to $30 billion in Libyan assets held in the United States. It is not yet clear how and when the money would be released. Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton said at an international gathering held to discuss the Libyan conflict that Col. Muammar el-Qaddafi's government no longer had any legitimacy, and that the United States would join more than 30 countries in extending diplomatic recognition to the main opposition group, known as the Transitional National Council. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

PARIS -- Pierre Moscovici, a Socialist legislator, is ''in mourning,'' he said in an interview, and so are the Socialists. With the shocking fall of Dominique Strauss-Kahn, the party leader who was arrested in New York in the sexual assault of a hotel housekeeper, the party is trying to pick up the pieces -- and to pick a presidential candidate from an uninspiring set of choices. Mr. Moscovici was one of the closest allies of Mr. Strauss-Kahn, his former teacher, known as D.S.K. He was deeply involved in preparing the campaign that was expected to sweep Mr. Strauss-Kahn and the Socialists into the presidency next year for the first time since 1995. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BRUSSELS -- Defense Secretary Robert M. Gates sharply criticized NATO nations on Friday for what he said were shortages of military spending and political will, warning of ''a dim if not dismal future'' and ''irrelevance'' for the alliance unless more member nations contributed weapons, money and personnel. In his final policy speech before he steps down, Mr. Gates issued a dire and unusually direct warning that the United States, the traditional leader and patron of the alliance, was exhausted by a decade of war and its own mounting budget deficits and simply might not see NATO as worth supporting any longer. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

PARIS -- The euro crisis hangs over the coming meeting of the Group of 8 industrialized countries, with Greece's renewed problems destabilizing markets, worrying Washington and influencing the debate over who should be the next managing director of the International Monetary Fund. As the leaders meet on Thursday and Friday in the French seaside resort of Deauville for what is normally more of an informal session on security issues, the continuing problems of the euro and the divisions it is causing inside Europe are threatening to harm the West's uneven recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

PARIS -- No European government has condemned or criticized the killing of Osama bin Laden by American commandos, but the questions raised about the changing details of his death sharpened considerably after the White House revealed that he did not fire a weapon, was not armed and did not use a woman as a protective shield. Some are questioning whether ''justice'' in fact was done, as President Obamaportrayed the killing, and whether the American troops made any effort to capture Bin Laden alive or whether they simply executed him. And some think that the scenes of celebrating Americans -- whether at the White House or at ground zero -- are inappropriate responses that are indecorous at the least and at worst could incite more terrorism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]