1. New Data, New Paradigms for Treating Prostate Cancer Patients—VI: Novel Hormonal Therapy Approaches
- Author
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Dreicer, Robert, Bajorin, Dean F., McLeod, David G., Petrylak, Daniel P., and Moul, Judd W.
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PROSTATE cancer treatment , *CANCER patients , *HORMONE therapy , *TESTOSTERONE , *DISEASES in men ,UNITED States. Pure Food & Drug Act of 1906 - Abstract
Until the 1980s, testosterone suppression for men with advanced prostate cancer was managed surgically, with bilateral orchiectomy, or medically, with diethylstilbestrol, a drug that was associated with a problematic side effect profile. Beginning in the mid-1980s, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved the first luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists, which proved effective for suppressing circulating testosterone levels and led to a significant shift away from surgical castration to medical management during the past 25 years. The luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists resulted in a periodic return of noncastrate testosterone levels once the receptor desensitization attenuated and the effect of androgen agonism resumed. Therefore, the introduction of an androgen receptor antagonist (gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist) appeared, conceptually at least, to be a preferable alternative. The first such agent, degarelix, has proved to provide rapid testosterone suppression without the initial testosterone surge associated with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists. Other new agents in early development include a selective and irreversible inhibitor of CYP17, abiraterone, which has shown success in patients with castration-resistant metastatic prostate cancer, and MDV3100, a novel small molecule that acts as an oral nonsteroidal antiandrogen agent. In sum, these latest agents might lead to a paradigm shift in the treatment of patients with advanced prostate cancer; however, additional studies are required to clarify the many questions that remain regarding the optimal use and sequence of these agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
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