Search

The present study examined genetic, prenatal, and postnatal environmental pathways in the intergenerational transmission of anxiety and depressive symptoms from parents to early adolescents (when these symptoms start to increase), while considering timing effects of exposure to parent anxiety and depressive symptoms postnatally. The sample was from the Early Growth and Development Study, including 561 adopted children (57% male, 55% White, 13% Black/African American, 11% Hispanic/Latine, 20% multiracial, 1% other; 407 provided data in early adolescence) and their birth (BP) and adoptive parents (AP). Using a trait–state–occasion model with eight assessments from child ages 9 months to 11 years, we partitioned trait-like AP anxiety and depressive symptoms from time-specific fluctuations of AP anxiety and depressive symptoms. Offspring anxiety and depressive symptoms were assessed at 11 years (while controlling for similar symptoms at 4.5 years). Results suggested that time-specific fluctuations of AP1 (mostly mothers) anxiety/depressive symptoms in infancy (9 months) were indirectly associated with offspring anxiety/depressive symptoms at 11 years via offspring anxiety/depressive symptoms at 4.5 years; time-specific fluctuations of AP1 anxiety/depressive symptoms at child age 11 years were concurrently associated with offspring anxiety/depressive symptoms at 11 years. AP2 (mostly fathers) anxiety/depressive symptoms were not associated with offspring symptoms. Genetic and prenatal influences measured by BP internalizing problems were not associated with offspring symptoms. Results suggested infancy and early adolescence as developmental periods when children are susceptible to influences of parent anxiety and depressive symptoms. Preventive interventions should consider time-specific fluctuations in parent anxiety and depressive symptoms during these developmental periods. Public Significance Statement: Anxiety and depressive symptoms run in families mainly through environmental influences. We found that time-specific fluctuations of adoptive parent (mostly mothers) anxiety and depressive symptoms during infancy and early adolescence were associated with early adolescent anxiety and depressive symptoms. Programs aimed at preventing anxiety and depressive symptoms during early adolescence could screen for time-specific fluctuations of parent (mainly mothers) anxiety and depressive symptoms during infancy and early adolescence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: 'Super-agers,' individuals over 80 with memory abilities comparable to those 20-30 years younger. The relationship between super-agers and dietary acid load (DAL) is an area that warrants further investigation. We aim to examine the link between DAL and super-agers and assess DAL's effects on cognitive functions across different age groups and cognitive domains., Design: Employing a cross-sectional analysis of the 2011-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data, we utilized propensity score analysis and multivariate-adjusted regression to mitigate confounding factors., Setting: Older adults aged 60 and above in the United States., Participants: Our primary analysis encompassed 985 older adults, supplemented by a sensitivity analysis with 2,522 participants., Measurements: DAL was assessed through potential renal acid load (PRAL), estimated net acid excretion (NAE es ), and net endogenous acid production (NEAP) indices., Results: Super-agers demonstrate a preference for alkaline diets, shown by their lower DAL indices. After inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW), multivariate-adjusted logistic regression reveals that each unit reduction in NAE es and PRAL increases the chances of being a super-ager by 3.9% and 3.0%, respectively. The DAL's impact on cognitive function becomes more pronounced with age. Lower PRAL and NAE es scores are significantly linked to higher situational memory and overall cognitive performance scores in those over 70, with these effects being even more pronounced in participants over 80., Conclusion: This research pioneers in demonstrating that super-agers prefer an alkaline diet, highlighting the potential role of alkaline diet in countering cognitive decline associated with aging., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.. All rights reserved.)

Objective: This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanism of cytoplasmic vacuolation caused by BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) and thus search for potential target for drug repurposing., Methods: Morphological features of BK polyomavirus-associated nephropathy (BKPyVAN) were studied under light and electron microscopes. Microarray datasets GSE75693, GSE47199, and GSE72925 were integrated by ComBat, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed using limma. Furthermore, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-related genes obtained from GenCLiP 2.0 were intersected with DEGs. GO and KEGG enrichment pathways were performed with intersection genes by R package clusterProfiler. The single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) from a BKPyVAN recipient was analyzed with a dataset (GSE140989) downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) as control for gene set variation analysis (GSVA). Immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy of kidney sections from drug-induced ERS mouse models were performed to explore the association of ERS and renal tubular vacuolation. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of the intersection genes was constructed to identify hub target. AutoDock was used to screen Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs that potentially targeted hub gene., Results: Light and electron microscopes exhibited obvious intranuclear inclusions, vacuoles, and virus particles in BKPyV-infected renal tubular cells. Transcriptome analysis revealed 629 DEGs between samples of BKPyVAN and stable transplanted kidneys, of which 16 were ER-associated genes. GO analysis with the intersection genes illustrated that ERS-related pathways were significantly involved, and KEGG analysis showed a prominent enrichment of MAPK, Toll-like receptor, and chemokine signaling pathways. GSVA analysis of the proximal tubule revealed similar pathways enrichment. An electron microscope image of the kidney from ERS mouse models showed an obvious renal tubular vacuolation with prominent activation of ERS markers verified by immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, DDIT3 was identified as the hub gene based on PPI analysis, and ZINCOOOOO1531009 (Risedronate) was indicated to be a potential drug for DDIT3., Conclusion: ERS was involved in renal tubular cytoplasmic vacuolation in BKPyVAN recipients. Risedronate was screened as a potential drug for BKPyVAN by targeting DDIT3., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The handling editor GS declared a shared affiliation with the authors GZ, HZ, XC, JL, TC, XS, SY, CW, GH at the time of review., (Copyright © 2022 Zhao, Gao, Hou, Zhang, Chen, Luo, Yang, Chen, Shen, Yang, Wu and Huang.)

Background: infarction (AMI) can be reduced by the use of sacubitril/valsartan. However, the therapeutic effects of sacubitril/valsartan in clinical settings are inconsistent. In this paper, the related research on the application of sacubitril/valsartan in AMI was comprehensively searched, in order to explore the clinical efficacy and safety of early application of sacubitril/valsartan after AMI., Methods: English databases, including American National Library of Medicine, Medline, and Embase, and Chinese databases, including Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, and VIP, were searched using a combination of the following search terms: AMI, acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), acute non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), sacubitril/valsartan sodium tablets, and angiotensin receptor enkephalinase inhibitors. The experimental group was given Sacubitril/Valsartan sodium tablets, while the control group was given angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (ACEI/ARB). Cochrane Handbook 5.0 risk assessment table were used for quality assessment and bias risk assessment., Results: A total of 5 articles were included in the meta-analysis. The total incidence of adverse cardiovascular events in the sacubitril/valsartan group was significantly lower than that in the control group {relative risk (RR) =0.61 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.46, 0.82], significance testing Z=3.36, and P=0.0008}. The difference between the rehospitalization rate of the sacubitril/valsartan group and control group was statistically significant [RR =0.67 (95% CI: 0.47, 0.95), significance testing Z=2.23, and P=0.03]. The difference in low blood pressure between the sacubitril/valsartan group and the control group was statistically significant [RR =1.28 (95% CI: 1.18, 1.40), significance testing Z=5.58, and P<0.00001]. The difference in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) between the sacubitril/valsartan group and control group was statistically significant [mean difference (MD) =3.09 (95% CI: 1.69, 4.49), significance testing Z=4.33, and P<0.0001]., Discussion: Sacubitril/valsartan was found to inhibit ventricular remodeling after AMI, improve cardiac function, and reduce the incidence of adverse cardiovascular events after myocardial infarction, the rehospitalization rate, and the mortality rate.