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Mouthguards (MGs) are essential devices for the protection of sports-related orofacial injuries. Mapping of the literature on this subject may help to guide future studies; therefore, this review aimed to characterize the research trends of studies related to MGs and dental injuries in sports activities through bibliometric analysis of in vivo studies concerning the frequency of MG use; knowledge, awareness, perception, and/or attitude about MGs; and adaptation (fit) of MGs in the mouth and/or prevention of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs). A literature search was performed in 6 databases for studies published up to April 2022. Text mining and analysis software was used to extract and evaluate data related to the study author, country, keywords, journal of publication, and year. Additionally, data related to the type of study, outcome, study population, age group, evaluation method, type of MG, sport classification. and sport category were extracted and analyzed. Of 6140 records identified, 222 were included in the analysis. Most of the articles came from the United States (n = 39; 17.5%) and dentistry journals (n = 145; 65.3%). The journal Dental Traumatology (n = 60; 27 . 0%) presented the highest number of publications. Most studies were observational (n = 195; 87.8%) and evaluated the frequency of MG use (n = 163; 44.4%). Studies were carried out in athletes (n = 181; 82.6%) and adults (n = 169; 49.1%) using questionnaires or interviews for assessment (n = 206: 84.1%). Only 89 (40.1%) studies evaluated the type of MG, mostly involving contact sports. Custom-made MGs were most commonly studied. More studies involving coaches, dentists, and child and teenaged athletes are warranted to help prevent sports-related TDIs in young teeth, mainly through interventional studies on the perceptions of and knowledge about MGs among these populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The United States was founded by immigrants and its population represents many different countries and cultures. In this paper, I will explore my experiences as an immigrant student and professional in higher education. My transition at age twelve from a small rural village in the Dominican Republic to Brooklyn, New York, was my defining moment of change, access, challenge, and opportunity. The chance to come to the United States as an immigrant provided access to a formal education and shaped my interest and motivation in higher education, both educationally and professionally. My arrival in the United States allowed me to attend school beyond the sixth grade and expand my worldview considerably. In this reflection, I will explore key elements of my journey and invite colleagues to consider two critical questions: (1) Why should one take active steps to retrace and reclaim one's narrative and consider its implication in their work? (2) How can one purposefully transform their narrative into an asset for professional success and for bringing their whole self to their work? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: As vascular surgery training paradigms evolve, one measure of success is operative experience. This study assessed the initial operative experience of those graduating from new integrated programs (0+5) vs those from the traditional programs (5+2)., Methods: National operative case log data supplied by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education was compiled for vascular surgical residents graduating between 2010 and 2013. Mean case numbers for the 0+5 residents were compared with those for the 5+2 residents (experience from their general surgery residency plus vascular fellowship) for total vascular operations, open vascular operations, endovascular procedures, and total operative experience., Results: The 5+2 trainees performed significantly more procedures than the 0+5 trainees (mean, 1605 vs 1015); however, they performed 12% less vascular procedures (mean, 758 vs 851). No significant differences in total number of open vascular operations (mean, 404 vs 411) or specific open operations for cerebral vascular disease, aneurysm, peripheral obstruction, and access were found. The increase in vascular procedures logged by 0+5 trainees was realized by a 24% increase in endovascular procedures, mainly involving diagnostic arteriography, caval filter placement, and balloon angioplasty. No significant differences were seen in endovascular aneurysm repair (mean, 63 vs 60) and stent placement (mean, 59 vs 60)., Conclusions: This report summarizes the first data available for the 0+5 trainee operative experience. Compared with the traditional 5+2 trainees, the 0+5 trainees have (1) equivalent open vascular training and (2) overall superior endovascular training, although this was accounted via an increase in minor procedures. The overall operative experience remains greater for the 5+2 trainees secondary to 2 extra years of training. Further longitudinal studies will be needed to fully characterize the effect of the new 0+5 training paradigm., (Published by Elsevier Inc.)