1. The association between adverse cardiovascular outcomes in celiac disease and the role of inflammation: Retrospective analysis using the national inpatient sample.
- Author
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Elsadek R, Bassi R, Ismail Z, Oyetoran A, Perbtani Y, Brar T, and Zentko S
- Subjects
- Humans, Retrospective Studies, Female, Male, Middle Aged, United States epidemiology, Hospital Mortality trends, Inpatients statistics & numerical data, Adult, Risk Assessment methods, Aged, Hospitalization statistics & numerical data, Risk Factors, Databases, Factual, Celiac Disease complications, Celiac Disease epidemiology, Cardiovascular Diseases epidemiology, Cardiovascular Diseases etiology, Inflammation epidemiology
- Abstract
Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated disease with patients being prone to a proinflammatory state. With recent studies showing an association between adverse cardiovascular events in patients with CD, we aim to further elucidate this relationship. Furthermore, when risk-stratifying patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD), chronic inflammatory conditions such as CD are not included in these calculations. We conducted a retrospective analysis using the National Inpatient Sample database from 2016 to 2019 to investigate the relationship between CD and adverse cardiovascular events. Our secondary endpoints include examining patient demographics, underlying comorbidities, in-hospital mortality, and cost of hospitalization. In addition, we performed a subgroup analysis in the CD cohort to assess if concomitant iron deficiency anemia increased CVD. Our study aims to examine the association between atherosclerosis and inflammation and aims to be a stepping stone for future long-term randomized controlled trials for the incorporation into atherosclerotic CVD risk score stratification., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest All of the authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this article, (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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