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As a new technology awaiting widespread immersive usage, public awareness and understanding of the metaverse is likely significantly shaped by its coverage in the media. This study explored how the metaverse is framed in U.S. news media coverage, including who the media targets as metaverse users, and reflects on how this could shape public attitudes and engagement with the metaverse. Specifically, this study asked: which people and institutions are included and excluded from media coverage of the metaverse? To answer this question, a systematic content analysis of 526 U.S. news articles was conducted, drawing from three media databases. Findings reveal that the media frames the metaverse as a corporate space for those with buying power: investors, technology experts, and consumers. Users without buying power and users from marginalized groups were rarely considered in media coverage. Despite this, most coverage of the metaverse was descriptive, with only 11 percent of articles critiquing this space. These findings raise broad questions about commodification, exclusion, and inequality in the metaverse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The visualization system of nautical charts enhances the safety navigation on sea, particularly in critical areas. Nowadays nautical chart visualization technology considers the benefit of inventive information technology to produce three-dimensional and real-time models which can be easily used. Therefore, this study attempted to develop an Android-based application with Augmented Reality (AR) approach. A digitation of the conventional nautical chart was performed to build a digital nautical chart. This process implemented regulation from United States (US) Chart No. 1 and International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities (IALA) Maritime Buoyage System. There are two substantial results of this research: Marine Augmented Reality System (MARS) to display a nautical chart in a three-dimensional form, and Marine Augmented Reality System GPS (MARSGPS) which focuses on integrating the model with its vicinity environment. This brings users to better acknowledge the situation of their environment. The usability test of these products shows that the overall feasibility value is 83.71%. The coordinate accuracy of MARSGPS application has a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) value of 4.30m, which can be improved through a ground-truth measurement. Nevertheless, this approach provides an essential reference for future research on a three-dimensional nautical chart visualization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Researchers' interest in finding practical applications for virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) technologies has increased as new devices have become cheaper and more accessible, being used in entertainment, healthcare, and rehabilitation fields, among others. This study aims to provide an overview of the current state of scientific literature related to VR, AR, and physical activity (PA). A bibliometric analysis of studies published between 1994 and 2022 was conducted using The Web of Science (WoS), applying the traditional bibliometric laws and using the VOSviewer software for data and metadata processing. The results revealed an exponential increase in scientific production between 2009 and 2021 (R2 = 94%). The United States (USA) was the country/region with the most relevant co-authorship networks (72 papers); the most prolific author was Kerstin Witte, and the most prominent was Richard Kulpa. The most productive journal's core was composed of high-impact and open access journals. A great thematic diversity was found according to the most used keywords by the co-authors, highlighting concepts such as rehabilitation, cognition, training, and obesity. Then, the research related to this topic is in an exponential development phase, with great interest in the rehabilitation and sports sciences fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the United States, over 29 million students daily are consuming meals at school. This number continues to increase as more diverse meal options are presented and increased demand for meal assistance. Very young students (under the age of 5) are considered a high‐risk population for foodborne illness. Though numerous interventions have been implemented previously, several predominant food safety violations continue to persist. To better understand and improve targeted food safety trainings and interventions this study aimed to conduct a needs assessment of school foodservice directors' training programs and topics. A total of 1,250 electronic surveys were sent nationally to K‐12 school foodservice directors. Of that, 264 useable responses were analyzed. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize demographics, as well as identified training methods and topics. Structural modeling was used to identify relatedness ratings between training methods. Approximately 67% of directors reported currently make less than 40% of the menu items from scratch. On‐the‐job training (94%) was the most frequent training method, while augmented reality and virtual reality were the least with 1.9% and 1.5%, respectively. Structural modeling identified two central nodes, on‐the‐job (six pairings) and lecture‐style (four pairings). All other modalities had one to three relationship pairings. For the majority (73%), the average length of training is less than 2 hr. The top two training topics school foodservice directors reported providing were: food safety (95.5% very likely/likely) and food production (94.3% very likely/likely). Study results provide insights into current training methods and topics provided by school foodservice directors at the time of the survey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Augmented reality (AR), mixed reality (MR), and virtual reality (VR), realized as head-mounted devices (HMDs), may open up new ways of teaching medical content for low-resource settings. The advantages are that HMDs enable repeated practice without adverse effects on the patient in various medical disciplines; may introduce new ways to learn complex medical content; and may alleviate financial, ethical, and supervisory constraints on the use of traditional medical learning materials, like cadavers and other skills lab equipment. Objective: We examine the effectiveness of AR, MR, and VR HMDs for medical education, whereby we aim to incorporate a global health perspective comprising low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods: We conducted a systematic review according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) and Cochrane guidelines. Seven medical databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Science Direct, PsycINFO, Education Resources Information Centre, and Google Scholar) were searched for peer-reviewed publications from January 1, 2014, to May 31, 2019. An extensive search was carried out to examine relevant literature guided by three concepts of extended reality (XR), which comprises the concepts of AR, MR, and VR, and the concepts of medicine and education. It included health professionals who took part in an HMD intervention that was compared to another teaching or learning method and evaluated with regard to its effectiveness. Quality and risk of bias were assessed with the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument, the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale-Education, and A Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool for Non-Randomized Studies of Interventions. We extracted relevant data and aggregated the data according to the main outcomes of this review (knowledge, skills, and XR HMD). Results: A total of 27 studies comprising 956 study participants were included. The participants included all types of health care professionals, especially medical students (n=573, 59.9%) and residents (n=289, 30.2%). AR and VR implemented with HMDs were most often used for training in the fields of surgery (n=13, 48%) and anatomy (n=4, 15%). A range of study designs were used, and quantitative methods were clearly dominant (n=21, 78%). Training with AR- and VR-based HMDs was perceived as salient, motivating, and engaging. In the majority of studies (n=17, 63%), HMD-based interventions were found to be effective. A small number of included studies (n=4, 15%) indicated that HMDs were effective for certain aspects of medical skills and knowledge learning and training, while other studies suggested that HMDs were only viable as an additional teaching tool (n=4, 15%). Only 2 (7%) studies found no effectiveness in the use of HMDs. Conclusions: The majority of included studies suggested that XR-based HMDs have beneficial effects for medical education, whereby only a minority of studies were from LMICs. Nevertheless, as most studies showed at least noninferior results when compared to conventional teaching and training, the results of this review suggest applicability and potential effectiveness in LMICs. Overall, users demonstrated greater enthusiasm and enjoyment in learning with XR-based HMDs. It has to be noted that many HMD-based interventions were small-scale and conducted as short-term pilots. To generate relevant evidence in the future, it is key to rigorously evaluate XR-based HMDs with AR and VR implementations, particularly in LMICs, to better understand the strengths and shortcomings of HMDs for medical education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The world is navigating through unfamiliar and incomprehensible times - COVID-19, international economic crisis, and crumbling healthcare systems. The United States (US) healthcare industry is grappling with an increased workload and advancing digitization technological concerns. The failure of organizations to offer suitable cybersecurity controls within the critical infrastructure leads to advanced persistent threat (APT) that could have incapacitating effects on organizations. A keen understanding of cybersecurity is vital for leaders and the need is referenced in US policy that advances a national unity of effort to strengthen and maintain secure, functioning, and resilient critical infrastructure. Akin to the Presidential Policy Directive (PPD) 21 Critical Infrastructure Security and Resilience, leaders' goals should be to reduce vulnerabilities, identify and disrupt threats, minimize consequences and hasten response and recovery efforts related to critical infrastructure. To address the concern, it is necessary to review how AI and AR serve as co-technologies to support security of patient care and monitoring, examine impacts on individuals' and overall healthcare organizations, address how enhanced comprehension of AI and AR could guide medical professional leaders' decisions and boost the overall patient experience. Therefore, this literature review examines AI and AR connections to cybersecurity for the healthcare environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By controlling robots comparable to the human body, people with profound motor deficits could potentially perform a variety of physical tasks for themselves, improving their quality of life. The extent to which this is achievable has been unclear due to the lack of suitable interfaces by which to control robotic body surrogates and a dearth of studies involving substantial numbers of people with profound motor deficits. We developed a novel, web-based augmented reality interface that enables people with profound motor deficits to remotely control a PR2 mobile manipulator from Willow Garage, which is a human-scale, wheeled robot with two arms. We then conducted two studies to investigate the use of robotic body surrogates. In the first study, 15 novice users with profound motor deficits from across the United States controlled a PR2 in Atlanta, GA to perform a modified Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) and a simulated self-care task. Participants achieved clinically meaningful improvements on the ARAT and 12 of 15 participants (80%) successfully completed the simulated self-care task. Participants agreed that the robotic system was easy to use, was useful, and would provide a meaningful improvement in their lives. In the second study, one expert user with profound motor deficits had free use of a PR2 in his home for seven days. He performed a variety of self-care and household tasks, and also used the robot in novel ways. Taking both studies together, our results suggest that people with profound motor deficits can improve their quality of life using robotic body surrogates, and that they can gain benefit with only low-level robot autonomy and without invasive interfaces. However, methods to reduce the rate of errors and increase operational speed merit further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) are going to be big--not just for gaming but for work, for social life, and for evaluating and buying real-world products. Like many big technological advances, they will in some ways challenge legal doctrine. In this Article, we will speculate about some of these upcoming challenges, asking: (1) How might the law treat "street crimes" in VR and AR--behavior such as disturbing the peace, indecent exposure, deliberately harmful visuals (such as strobe lighting used to provoke seizures in people with epilepsy), and "virtual groping"? Two key aspects of this, we will argue, are the Bangladesh problem (which will make criminal law very hard to practically enforce) and technologically enabled self-help (which will offer an attractive alternative protection to users, but also a further excuse for real-world police departments not to get involved). (2) How might the law handle tort lawsuits, by users against users, users against VR and AR environment operators, outsiders (such as copyright owners whose works are being copied by users) against users, and outsiders against the environment operators? (3) How might the law treat users' alteration of other users' avatars, or creation of their own avatars that borrow someone else's name and likeness? (4) How might privacy law deal with the likely pervasive storage of all the sensory information that VR and AR systems present to their users, and that they gather from the users in the course of presenting it? (5) How might these analyses reflect on broader debates even outside VR and AR, especially order without law and the speech-conduct distinction? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Following the release of the hugely popular augmented reality location-based game, Pokémon Go, legal questions began to arise about how the game fit with modern property laws. Because the game encourages individuals to visit real-world locations, many property owners near public parks or landmarks saw an increase in foot traffic that sometimes resulted in trespass or damage to their property. This Note examines the legal ramifications of games or other technologies like Pokémon Go within the current state of the law and subsequently provides suggestions for the law moving forward. This Note ultimately advocates for a government-run registry created through responsive regulation at the federal level. A Do-Not- Locate Registry would provide a sufficient avenue for protecting property rights while still considering the inevitable evolution of future augmented reality and location-based technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This Note considers whether and to what extent the property right to exclude applies to virtual space in the augmented reality (AR) universe. It provides an overview of AR's development and uses, as well as a review of property law concerning the right to exclude. By considering the consequences of previously proposed regulatory schemes in light of four hypothetical AR applications, this Note demonstrates that these solutions do not adequately balance the societal benefit achievable through free development of AR applications with landowners' absolute rights to exclude others from their property. This Note proposes adoption of an adjusted "open-range" common law solution to the legal challenges AR presents. Under this solution, AR developers would be free to place virtual intrusions anywhere they like, but landowners would be able to give notice to developers demanding virtual intrusions be removed from their property. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information about the technological advancements in the nursing education in the U.S. It mentions that augmented reality technologies add a layer of digital information on top of the physical environment in real time. It discusses the growing trend in nursing education is using augmented reality or virtual reality technology to enhance student learning.

An essay is presented on the applications and effectiveness of augmented reality (AR) in K-12 classrooms in the U.S. The topics discussed include the definition of AR, the potential of AR in student learning, and its ability in augmenting the physical environment of students. Moreover, it also cites the difference between AR and virtual reality.

This review explores the use of the Augmented Reality Interactive Storytelling (ARIS) platform to create geographically situated educational and ethnographic video games on mobile Apple devices like iPhones and iPads. Using the example of a game our research team developed to document the Wisconsin Uprising of 2011, we detail in this review the technical capabilities, formats, and features of ARIS, along with their respective merits and limitations. We also consider theoretical implications of presenting ethnographic fieldwork through interactive ethnographic games. ARIS games demand heavy editing and the fictionalization of ethnography, but offer opportunities for players to interact with fieldwork in ways that challenge traditional notions of ethnographic representation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to document how teachers and students describe and comprehend the ways in which participating in an augmented reality (AR) simulation aids or hinders teaching and learning. Like the multi-user virtual environment (MUVE) interface that underlies Internet games, AR is a good medium for immersive collaborative simulation, but has different strengths and limitations than MUVEs. Within a design-based research project, the researchers conducted multiple qualitative case studies across two middle schools (6th and 7th grade) and one high school (10th grade) in the northeastern United States to document the affordances and limitations of AR simulations from the student and teacher perspective. The researchers collected data through formal and informal interviews, direct observations, web site posts, and site documents. Teachers and students reported that the technology-mediated narrative and the interactive, situated, collaborative problem solving affordances of the AR simulation were highly engaging, especially among students who had previously presented behavioral and academic challenges for the teachers. However, while the AR simulation provided potentially transformative added value, it simultaneously presented unique technological, managerial, and cognitive challenges to teaching and learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses several American medical news briefs involving the U.S. Congress (Capitol Hill) as of 2017, and it mentions the nation's Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and women's health-related concerns involving birth control, reproductive health, and abortion. The passage of the U.S. Expanding Capacity for Health Outcomes (ECHO) Act, which deals with videoconferencing and rural medicine, is examined. The benefits and dangers of augmented reality are assessed.

The article offers information on adoption of medical professionals in the U.S. to Google Glass devices. It says that the device resembles a pair of eye glasses that has no lense and has small camera on the frame. It states that the device is operated by means of a voice command, touch pads, and head tilts. It adds that the device can also take pictures, hand-free web exploration, and make video conversations.