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Publication trends in prominent behavior-analytic journals developed in the United States of America have shown that most of its research has been produced by authors with North American affiliations. The geographic affiliation of authors who have contributed research to the Mexican Journal of Behavior Analysis (MJBA), European Journal of Behavior Analysis (EJBA), and Brazilian Journal of Behavior Analysis (BJBA) – all of which are housed outside of the United States of America – are currently unknown. We examined articles published in these journals from their inception through 2020 to determine the geographic locations of authors' listed affiliations. We found that 70% and 90% of publications in the MJBA and BJBA, respectively, were from researchers with Latin American affiliations. The EJBA had 58% and 42% of publications from researchers with North American and European affiliations, respectively. The articles were also analyzed to determine if they were co-authored by researchers from different geographic regions. The data show that 11, 6, and 3% of articles published in EJBA, MJBA, and BJBA, respectively, were cooperative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The aim of the study was to examine the studies published on the concept of refugee/immigrant/refugee student in terms of their bibliometric characteristics. The research was carried out in the descriptive survey model. In the study, the bibliometric method was used to examine the publication outputs and the basic structure of the field. As a result of the data from the Web of Science (WoS) database on refugee/immigrant/refugee student, 497 studies were analyzed. Within the scope of the research, descriptive statistics for the descriptive structure of the refugee/immigrant/refugee student concept, analyzes showing the distribution of publications by country, descriptive statistics of influential authors, articles and journals, co-author analyzes to reveal the social structure of the literature on the concept of refugee/immigrant/refugee student. In order to reveal the conceptual structure, trend topic analyzes, strategic diagram and word cloud analyzes were used. As a result of the research, while not much research was done between 1980 and 2008, it was determined that there was a rapid increase in the number of studies as of 2009. As a result of the research, it was concluded that the United States of America is the country that publishes the most on refugee/immigrant/asylum-seeking students. It has been concluded that the research conducted by Refugee/immigrant/asylum-seeking students in schools has the most references. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article interrogates the politics of belonging in scholar--practitioner collaborations by analysing and reflecting upon a group project that advocated for a more equitable approach to newcomer belonging and integration in an urban setting in the United States. The structure of our collaboration revealed unaddressed and unspoken dynamics that collectively reinforced boundaries and hierarchies in our group, despite a level of intentionality around democratic praxis among the community-engaged scholars who initially brought participants together. The article asks: How can we work towards a notion of belonging if we haven't worked out an equitable approach within our own group where everyone, including newcomers, feels like they belong? The article relies on a methodology of critical reflexive dialogue between the four co-authors -- two scholars and two practitioners -- to analyse and reflect on the ways that power imbalances are bound up in questions of belonging and representation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Informed by literature on collaboration, policy adoption, and utility governance, this paper develops and empirically tests hypotheses addressing the implications of collaboration, utility ownership and city-level commitment to sustainability on city-level clean energy policy decisions. This paper offers an answer to the question, "to what extent does collaboration between utilities and local governments influence policy adoption." We utilize cross-sectional data from the United States focused Integrated City Sustainability Database (ICSD) to perform an ordinary least squares regression analysis that investigates the degree that specific city attributes and state policy influence the creation of city-scale policy. This analysis shows that cities with a Publicly Owned Utility (POU) adopt close to two energy policies more than similar cities served by an IOU. Higher levels of collaboration among cities and with an Investor Owned Utility (IOU) can offset a portion of the adoption gap for community-oriented energy policy, but has little to no impact on governmental or renewable policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Health Educator and Community-engaged Theatre Artist Saharra Dixon led a virtual 3-month community-based participatory research theatre process with co-investigators Niloofar Alishahi LCAT, Trevor Catalano, Anna Gundersen, Mary Holiman, Adam Stevens RDT, Emari Vieira-Gunn, and Susan Yakoub exploring the concept of home and community during state-mandated Stay-At-Home orders for the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Emphasis was placed on understanding the health crisis' impact on quality of life, human connectedness, and available resources. The process aimed to identify systematic failures in the United States' pandemic response, while simultaneously advocating for change to improve individual, community, and governmental response in the future. The process culminated in The #StayHome Project, an ethnodrama devised from community interviews and fieldnotes. Using our play as reference, this paper will explore theatre's ability to help communities process collective trauma, build resiliency, and facilitate dialogue around politics and what it means to return to a "new normal". We will discuss our drama process and how we were able to adapt virtually. Lastly, we challenge theatre practitioners and health professionals to explore theatre through a wellness-based lens and use arts-based inquiry to further connect with different populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alexander Tsai and co-authors discuss the role of stigma in responses to the US opioid crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on National Writing Project. It mentions National Writing Project (NWP) network consists of roughly 180 local writing projects related through partnerships among college or university faculty and K–12 educators; protocols of National Writing Project; and contribution of teachers with diverse cultural, racial, and linguistic backgrounds in the project.

The article focuses on rule barring artificial intelligence from being joint authors with humans is unnecessary for musical compositions in the U.S. It mentions about romantic and alternative conceptions of authorship; treatment of creativity and authorship under the Copyright Act of 1909; and amendment of U.S. Copyright Office practices to allow for artificial intelligence and human joint authorship for musical composition and recommend possible ways of restructuring the music industry.

By examining the ethnic identity of authors in over 2.5 million scientific papers written by US-based authors from 1985 to 2008, we find that persons of similar ethnicity coauthor together more frequently than predicted by their proportion among authors. The greater homophily is associated with publication in lower-impact journals and with fewer citations. Meanwhile, papers with authors in more locations and with longer reference lists get published in higher-impact journals and receive more citations. These findings suggest that diversity in inputs by author ethnicity, location, and references leads to greater contributions to science as measured by impact factors and citations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Father(s?) of Rock & Roll" utilizes a unique and historic resource--the previously unseen deposition testimony of Chuck Berry and his piano man Johnnie Johnson--to analyze the problems with how copyright law currently determines joint authorship and to propose a new "Berry-Johnson" joint authorship test. In 2000, Johnson sued Berry, claiming he co-wrote the music to nearly all the significant songs in the Berry canon. Granted access to the case file, I quote and analyze key portions of their deposition testimony, using it as a case study of high-level collaborative creativity and exploring what it can teach us about how best to determine joint authorship under US copyright law. Johnson v. Berry exposes the faults in the prevailing judicial joint authorship tests, which misplace their focus on whether collaborators: (1) considered themselves authors, (2) contributed independently copyrightable expression, (3) controlled the creative work, and (4) contributed expression that has audience appeal. "Father(s?) of Rock & Roll" proposes a new approach, the Berry-Johnson test, centered on the creation of the work itself. This test, at its core, asks: did more than one person intend to create a single work and did they each substantially contribute to its essence? If so, these persons are its joint authors. To guide this determination, the test uses: (1) the relative impact of each contribution on the work, (2) the views each contributor had regarding the substantiality of the others' contributions, and (3) industry custom. The Berry-Johnson test thereby better recognizes worthy joint authors while setting a bar high enough that courts will not explode with joint authorship litigation. Courts should adopt the Berry-Johnson test to resolve joint authorship disputes. Better yet, Congress should expressly codify it in the Copyright Act, along with a provision creating a compulsory license for authors' use of their non-author collaborators' independently copyrightable contributions, closing a worrisome loophole in the law highlighted by the recent Garcia v. Google case. In this way, the testimony of Chuck Berry and Johnnie Johnson should change copyright law and improve how we determine joint authorship in future collaborations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Criminology and criminal justice (CCJ) as an academic discipline has experienced an increase in the focus on various aspects of academic productivity in recent years. Much of the extant literature examining journal article authorship has focused on various measures of the publication productivity of specific authors but not on the characteristics of the authors themselves. The current study expands upon previous work by examining several author characteristics across different journal types and research methodologies, with a particular focus on how gender relates to these issues. The findings reveal several interesting differences with regard to gender, academic rank, and university affiliation. Among these findings is evidence that although males are more likely to author CCJ articles regardless of journal type, females are more likely to be lead authors in regional journal articles and more likely to publish with other female authors. Regional journals are also the publication outlet of choice for students and assistant professors in the beginning of their careers. The findings also provide evidence of important differences in author rank, academic affiliation, methodology, and publication outlet for articles authored by females. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay focuses on the rewards and challenges of conducting collaborative, engaged research on homelessness in the U.S. Topics covered include multiple causes that prompt homelessness, complexities and culture conflicts involved in trying to conduct research, and traditional and non-traditional rewards of the work, as well as difficulties and frustrations.

An essay on American comic book writer and illustrator Wallace Wood is presented. Topics covered include his partnership with "Mad" humor magazine editor Harvey Kurtzman on narratives that exemplified the magazine's radical parodies of media formulas to satirize their cultural ideals, the nature of the magazine's eroticism, focusing on those drawn by Wood as well his skill at representations sexual or otherwise, and a summary of his thirty-year career.

An essay is presented on persisting discrimination against races, gender, and gay people in American societies and the vitality of recognizing systemic privileges bestowed upon different identity categories. It discusses co-authorship privileges in context to the author's book "Privilege Revealed: How Invisible Preference Undermines America". It also presents insights into reflections of students in studying privileges.

Using faculty narratives, this study identifies factors affecting the occurrence of faculty-doctoral student coauthorship. Norms of the discipline, resources, faculty goals for students, faculty goals for themselves, and institutional expectations emerged as dominant factors. Each factor is explored separately and as part of an interlocking holistic picture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The network of international co-authorship relations has been dominated by certain European nations and the USA, but this network is rapidly expanding at the global level. Between 40 and 50 countries appear in the center of the international network in 2011, and almost all (201) nations are nowadays involved in international collaboration. In this brief communication, we present both a global map with the functionality of a Google Map (zooming, etc.) and network maps based on normalized relations. These maps reveal complementary aspects of the network. International collaboration in the generation of knowledge claims (that is, the context of discovery) changes the structural layering of the sciences. Previously, validation was at the global level and discovery more dependent on local contexts. This changing relationship between the geographical and intellectual dimensions of the sciences also has implications for national science policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the co-authorship network in the field of scientometrics using social network analysis techniques with the aim of developing an understanding of research collaboration in this scientific community. Using co-authorship data from 3125 articles published in the journal Scientometrics with a time span of more than three decades (1980-2012), we construct an evolving co-authorship network and calculate three centrality measures (closeness, betweenness, and degree) for 3024 authors, 1207 institutions, 68 countries and 22 academic fields in this network. This paper also discusses the usability of centrality measures in author ranking, and suggests that centrality measures can be useful indicators for impact analysis. Findings revealed that scientometrics was not dominated by a couple of key researchers as quite a significant number of popular researchers were identified. The United States occupies the topmost position in all measures except for degree centrality. The most active, central and collaborative academic discipline in scientometrics is Information & Library Science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on problems related to the separation of record producer's copyright. Since a producer's contribution can be of relative significance as a sole author, as important to share co-authorship with an artist, and may not have sufficient work to enjoy interests therefore it is requisite to create a two-part inquiry. The inquiry would first segregate a producer's contributions and then evaluates whether the contributions are significant to bring under joint authorship principles.

Today's massively multi-player online role-playing games (MMORPGs) offer their users the ability to create or customize their own avatars with distinctive visual appearances. This Article contends that users who take advantage of that ability are exercising significant creative choices, such that they should be considered the "authors" and copyright owners of their own avatars. The Copyright Act envisions several types of collaborative authorship, including joint authorship, works made for hire, and collective works. None of these models provides a good fit for user-created avatars, because avatars meet some, but not all, of the elements for each model. Here, the two theories underlying copyright law diverge: the incentive theory suggests that game providers are best situated to license games (including avatars) for other uses, while the natural right theory suggests that players deserve to be compensated for their original contributions to the game in creating their own avatars. This Article proposes that each avatar should be considered a joint work between the game provider and the user, and that each avatar should also be considered a contribution to a collective work (the game as a whole). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An essay is presented on the communities formed by women engaging in the collective authorship of cookbooks. Particular focus is given to the self-representation, racial and class makeup, regionality, and domestic identity of these communities. Details related to cookbooks produced by church-affiliated women's groups are presented. According to the author, these communities excluded some kinds of women while attempting to negotiate competing discourses of domesticity and professionalization.

An essay is presented on the challenges of ghostwriting in the courts of the U.S. There was an increase of complaints on medical ghostwriting since 2002 and little action is made to address the scientific literature corruption through ghostwriting. It says that the rise in ghostwriting is attributed to the huge profits for the stakeholders. It says that ghostwriting infringes academic standards openly.

The article focuses on the laws of intellectual property or joint authorship analysis. As the author stated, the federal courts in the U.S. do not contain intellectual property and copyright laws and statutes. The joint work definition of the 1976 Copyright Act has many requirements that are not statutory. The main issue of authorship consists of determining initial ownership.

The article presents information on the increasing popularity of social networks and the collaborative art projects in the social media platform. The copyrightable contributions, print-based copyright law and the traditional notions of copyright are discussed. The fixation principle and the authorship principle, joint authorship and the anonymous contributors in collaborative art are also discussed.

The article discusses creativity under intellectual property (IP) law in the U.S. and the U.S. Constitution. The author examines Article I of the U.S. Constitution which was the basis for the U.S. Congress' enactment of copyright and patent laws. He argues that large-scale collaborative projects are very common in the 21st century and are found in government, private, and university research markets.

The article presents an argumentation about the accounting remedy of co-tenancy law as a model for co-authors to enjoy equal interests in a copyrighted work in the U.S. It describes the accounting remedy in real property law, its integration into copyright law, and the conflict occurred due to its application. It explains the joint authorship requirements and shows the problem on equality principle which was triggered by the requirements. It discusses the impact of real property tenancy on unequal ownership interests and discusses ways for co-tenants to rebut equal ownership presumption.

The US Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) program began in 1980 with the mission of addressing long-term ecological phenomena through research at individual sites, as well as comparative and synthetic activities among sites. We applied network science measures to assess how the LTER program has achieved its mission using intersite publications as the measure of collaboration. As it grew, the LTER program evolved from (a) a collection of independent sites (1981-1984) to (b) multiple ephemerally connected groupings with a gradual increase in collaboration (1985 to about 1998) to (c) a largely collaborative, densely connected network (from approximately 1999 on). Some sites demonstrated "preferential attachment" by contributing more to the evolution of network cohesion than others. Collaborative efforts of LTER scientists included cross-site measurements and comparisons, information technology transfer, documentation of methodologies, and synthesis of ecological concepts. Network science provides insights that not only document the evolution of research networks but also may be prescriptive of mechanisms to enhance this evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Recent studies have concluded that American contributions to science literature have been in relative decline, whereas contributions from other parts of the world such as the European Union and Asia have increased. Is the same true for the areas of bibliometrics, informetrics and scientometrics? This study investigates the growth and geographic distribution of metrics research for the period 1987–2008. Similar to studies of other disciplines or science in general, the findings reveal that the United States continues to dominate, but there has been a recent relative decline in North American contributions overall. European and Asian contributions have grown substantially. National and institutional collaborations that contribute to this growth do not necessarily follow close geographic proximity, although European nations have been more active with international collaborations overall, both within Europe and elsewhere. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Determining appropriate authorship recognition in student-faculty collaborative research is a complex task. In this quantitative study, responses from 1346 students and faculty in education and some social science disciplines at 36 research-intensive institutions in the United States were analyzed to provide a description of current and recommended practices for authorship in student-faculty collaborative research. The responses revealed practices and perceptions that are not aligned with ethical guidelines and a lack of consensus among respondents about appropriate practice. Faculty and student respondents agreed that students deserve more authorship recognition than they get in common practice but they did not agree on the appropriate authorship arrangement for several of the collaborative scenarios described in the study or on the relative value of various contributions to research projects. The misalignment with ethical codes and lack of consensus among the respondents is problematic because student-faculty collaborative research is common and authored publications are powerful indicators of research competency. With these detailed results, students and faculty can better anticipate areas where their perspectives are likely to differ and faculty can work to clarify ambiguous expectations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the collaboration of author William Fox and Baptist bookseller Martha Gurney in publishing radical discourses in the U.S. during the 18th century. Both Fox and Gurney were able to publish 16 pamphlets ranging from the abolition of slave trade to the boycott of West Indian produce. Fox's first pamphlet "An Address to the People of Great Britain on the Propriety of Abstaining From the Use of West India Sugar and Rum" was recognized by many scholars for its role in the history of the abolitionist movement, but the author did not receive recognition not until in the later years.

This paper details how patent law purifies “the” inventing subject of big science while simultaneously disqualifying others from patent eligibility for practicing a similar form of collective authorship. The author begins by detailing what is known as the romantic author trope - the assumption within (Western) patent law that invention is the product of one (versus many). The romantic author trope, however, runs counter to the (collective) inventive process in developing countries. Yet this raises the question: are not the inventions of global capital collective in nature? To understand how the collective nature of invention becomes masked by patent law I introduce the idea of corporate authorship. The paper concludes by making visible the inventive assemblages that make the patentable artifacts of big science possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the work required to be an effective literary coach. The article evaluates social practices and touches upon how different students present different relational dynamics, which will result in varied techniques for the coach to reach them. Also discussed is the concept on power and positioning, situated identities, and a case study of students at the Muriel Avenue School, which is located in the United States. A literary coach, who conducted the case study, discusses her use of different language practices to negotiate different roles.

The article introduces and summarizes the contents of the April 2007 issue. Topics include an analysis of economics as a profession and potential improvements. Economists express their dissatisfaction with the current state of their field. Another section speculates on the increasing occurrence collaboration in economic research papers. A comparison is made between markets where sellers and buyers have distinct roles and markets where people play both roles. Other topics include the linguistic aspects of economics, voter participation and turnout, impact of Congressional Black Caucus membership on U.S. Democratic house committee membership, public housing projects in Louisville, Kentucky and a study of duration in the New Orleans, Louisiana housing market.

The article discusses the statement of Writing Program Administrator (WPA) on defining and avoiding plagiarism in the U.S. It is noted that the WPA plagiarism statement addresses responsibilities of students, faculty and staff with regard to the use of sources in writing. It offers individual departments and their institutions some guidance on how to address collaboration. However, the statement does not address definitions of acceptable person-to-person collaboration. Meanwhile, the author suggested to increase the statement which is already seven pages to further guide the WPAs, students and teachers.

This essay discusses the significance of collaborative research to cinema and media studies. The advantages of collaborative research over individual authorship and arguments against its use are both covered. The author describes different forms of collaborative research in and across the different academic disciplines. The benefits of a movement that encourages learning of collaborative research skills to undergraduate students are examined. Instruction in this type of research will need to strongly define collaboration and discourage plagiarism.

This article provides a comparative analysis of publication trends in social work in the US and Great Britain. This exploratory effort seeks to identify possible explanations for the phenomenon of multiple authorship, the implications of multi-authored scholarship, and some of the potential ethical questions that may arise from such collaborations in regard to what constitutes legitimate contributions to a scholarly article or book. To the extent that common trends are emerging across international boundaries, the incentive for heightened communication and collaboration may be increased in an effort to identify implications and derive solutions to common problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Explores the process of determining authorship credit and authorship order on collaborative publications with students. Hypothetical cases; Ethical principles; Determination of authorship credit and order; Outcome recommendations.

The article measures the extent of research collaboration and multiple authorship found in published articles of social scientists. Joint creative research occurs not only in pure science but also in applied scientific endeavors. The stereotypical inventor works alone, yet examination of patent records shows the actual incidence of co-invention is high and increasing steadily. Collaboration in technological innovations accounted for 40.7 percent of United States patents in 1975 and for 52.5 percent in 1991. A survey of members of several professional associations found that collaborative writing is extensive, although it varies greatly among careers. Authorship serves several important functions for the social scientist. First, publications are a way for a researcher to obtain recognition and respect from peers. Scientists receive little prestige for ideas which are credited to others. Second, publications serve as a measure of productivity and worth, particularly at major research universities. Moreover, research publications also serve as a claim to property rights over ideas.

The post-war economics literature has been characterized by a marked trend toward co-authored articles. Economics is not the only discipline characterized by increasing co-authorship. This study investigates the question of why authors have been collaborating in increasing numbers over recent decades. The increasing specialization of the profession along with changes in the institutional incentives for publication are likely to be major factors explaining the trend toward co-authorship. The authors emphasis is placed on advancing and testing specific hypotheses regarding the underlying reasons for the trend in co-authorship. In the next section the author develops a simple model of co-authorship where researcher utility is a function of the number of articles produced. In sections 2 and 3 the model is applied to the post-war experience in both a time series and cross-section framework. The final section offers conclusions and a summary of our findings. Considering the continuing expansion of knowledge in economics, it is reasonable to expect the co-authorship trend to extend into the future.

Presents the correspondence of writer George Washington Cable to Richard Watson Gilder which criticizes the plot proposed by his fellow writer Mark Twain in the U.S. Overview on the plot of Twain; Insights to making principal personages; Details on the amended plot.

This article reports on the state and availability of the ghostwriting services in the U.S. as of September 1956. Politicians and government officials have access to ghostwriters whenever they feel the need of them. Business executives have been using secretaries, advertising men and public relations counsels for the same purpose. As of 1956, anyone can easily have a speech written to order. This service, by mail or by personal conference, is furnished by the ghostwriting agencies that have sprung up in major centers of population during the last thirty years. The pattern of expansion is indicated by a sample of twenty firms currently in operation.