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The article presents information on the cat cracking machines. Cat cracking is also known as catalytic cracking. The use of cat crackers for refining oil brought a revolutionary change in the petroleum industry of U.S. The implementation of cat cracking machines began for the production of commercial oil products in 1936.

The article presents the final part of the three-part article from the question and answer forum at the 2011 American Fuel and Petrochemical Manufacturers focusing on crude oil processing. It provides panelists' answers to questions about best practice and expected efficiency in removal of calcium naphthenates in higher calcium crude oil and the effects of fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) slurry in the feed on coker operation.

The article discusses the importance of smart purchasing decisions for transportation and storage services in the U.S. It highlights the increase demand and prices for oil and gas services in the petroleum industry. It examines the process of drilling for oil and natural gas with mineral leasing, land purchases and governmental negotiation for land services.

The article reports on the status of heavy oil production, the crude oil market, and petroleum cracking in the U.S. as of June 1925.

The article discusses the use of enhanced fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalysts to improve tight oil refining. Topics addressed include the difficulty of maintaining the octane balance of gasoline blending, higher tight oil production rates in the U.S., and operating changes experienced by FCC units (FCCUs) at refineries that process tight oil. Also mentioned are the variability of crude characteristics, heat balance and octane problems, and tight oil's provision of economic feedstocks.

The article focuses on the restraint of trade charge filed by U.S. Attorney General Stone against 50 Standard Oil and other oil companies under the Sherman Anti-Trust Act in 1924. Stone has called for injunctions to stop what he believes is illegal procedure. At issue in the case is the cracking process for petroleum. It negates the belief that the administration of President Calvin Coolidge is using the lawsuit for political purposes.

Explains the physical properties of cement-based repair materials that are important to minimize cracking in repairs. Causes of cracking of repair materials; Influence of properties that affect the dimensional behavior of a repair material on its resistance to cracking; Factors that should be considered when selecting or proportioning cement-based repair materials.

The article discusses the findings of a report from Moody's Investors Service which concludes that wave of new ethane crackers starting up in the U.S. should not stress the credit ratings of the country's major ethylene producers, as of April 2018. It mentions that Crackers in the US rely mostly on ethane and other natural-gas liquids (NGLs) as a feedstock while much of the world relies on naphtha, which is derived from oil.

The authors discuss the coking-spread formula as of May 2005, which serves as a reliable indicator of U.S. Gulf Coast heavy, sour crude coking margins. They explain that the formula is also an effective replacement for the crack-spread formula and can be applied to refineries outside the U.S. Gulf Coast. They listed the typical U.S. Gulf Coast complex cracking refinery basic processing units, including vacuum distillation. They also examine the economics of coking refineries.

The article traces the evolution of the U.S. refining industry using the annual refinery surveys of the "Oil & Gas Journal." It describes the consolidation trend in the refining industry throughout the years. It discusses the impact of fluid catalytic cracking on the capacity of the refining industry during the 1940s. Information is presented on the surge of capacity in the refining industry in 1970-1981.

The article discusses strategies for minimizing catalyst losses from fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) units in the U.S. One of the challenges facing FCC units is operating below stringent flue gas particulate-emission limits. Factors influencing catalyst losses from the FCC generator include unit design, equipment mechanical integrity, catalyst properties, and regenerator bed level and cyclone operation. Included is a list of actions that an FCC operator can take to reduce the dipleg level.

The article discusses various issues related to the implications of ethane cracking from abundant shale gas. It is stated that shale gas production in the U.S. has grown manifold in the past 10 years. It accounts for about 12 percent of total gas production. It is mentioned that U.S. ethylene producers have also been taking advantage of increasing ethane supplies.

The article presents a case study focused on how chromium (Cr) compounds discolor refractory brick walls of an ethylene cracking furnace at a U.S. petrochemical plant. Topics discussed inludes -ray fluorescent spectrophotometer (XRF) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses of the deposits and refractory, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) nalysis and volatility characterstics of chromium compounds.

The article reports that demand from oil and gas operator in the U.S. leads to the development of any new commercial helicopter model from American aircraft manufacturer Sikorsky Aircraft Corp. Company's president Mick Maurer states that any new commercial project would likely benefit from the addition of fly-by-wire controls.

The author offers insights on the impact of the U.S. government shutdown on new cracker projects in the U.S. The author expects the processing of air permits needed for cracker projects to be delayed as around 92 percent of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency workers were furloughed as part of the shutdown. He believes that the shutdown, if prolonged, would have serious consequence for the chemical industry's long-term growth prospects.

The article reports that butadiene (BD) monthly contract in the U.S. in September 2013 has resulted in a split settlement for the second month in a row. Topics discussed include carbon buildup as one of the negative factors to co-cracking, a graph of U.S. BD prices from September 2012 to September 2013, and conversion of BD to synthetic rubber.

In this article the author reflects on naphtha crackers (refineries) in the U.S. and on gas crackers (refineries) in the U.S. In the article he offers his opinions on the costs of both types of refineries and on the benefits and disadvantages which are associated with operating both types of refineries in the U.S.

The article presents information on ethylene, which is used to manufacture polyethylene (PE), polyester, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS) and other organic chemicals. It has been stated that ethane and propane are the primary feedstocks for ethylene production in the U.S. and it is done through steam cracking these feedstocks. It has been speculated that ethylene capacity would increase by 27% in the U.S. in the next few years.

This article focuses on the plan of Dow Chemical to increase ethane cracking capability on the U.S. Gulf Coast by 20-30% within the 2010-13 period. Also, joint venture options are being considered by the firm for building a natural gas liquids (NGL) fractionator to secure ethane supplies. The objective of these moves is to capitalize on a more favorable natural gas cost position in North America. Raja Zeidan of Dow Hydrocarbons cites the benefits of increasing Dow's ethane cracking capabilities.

The article presents information on the strategic success of Shaw Stone & Webster, an engineering and construction firm in the U.S. that focused on getting more value out of the refinery stream. The firm became the exclusive licensor outside China of the deep catalytic cracking (DCC) process developed by the Chinese Research Institute of Petroleum Processing (RIPP) and Sinopec Corp. As the demand for DCC technology grew, Shaw Stone & Webster expanded its business networks.

Presents the results of a survey on the future capacity of the petrochemical cracker industry in the United States.

Focuses on the construction of BASF Fina Petrochemicals LP's single-train naphtalene cracker plant in Port Arthur, Texas. Budget allocated to the project; Estimated volume of ethylene and propylene that will be produced from the plant; Other joint ventures between BASF Corp. and Atofina Petrochemicals Inc.

Reports on a process developed by researchers at the Michigan State University at East Lansing for making ultralarge-pore molecular sieves which holds promise for petroleum cracking and catalysis. Potential of the method in overcoming costs and toxicity issues; Features of the process; Rise in interest in mesoporous molecular sieves.