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For more than two centuries Magellanica extended over the northerly expanses of the Terra Australis, enticing geographers, statesmen and explorers to make contact with its imagined antipodean nations: the Periscians, the Southern Brasilians and the inhabitants of the Land of Parrots, Beach and Patalia. The antipodean southern continent described by Franciscus Monachus in 1526 on the basis of discoveries made by Amerigo Vespucci, Pedro Cabral and Ferdinand Magellan inspired generations of subsequent geographers and mapmakers, and eventually led to the establishment of an antipodean colony by Great Britain in New South Wales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aims The relationship between violence and problem gambling in general population samples is under-researched and requires further attention to inform treatment and prevention efforts. We investigated the relationship between gambling problems and violence among men and sought to determine if the link can be accounted for by mental disorders, alcohol and drug dependence and impulsivity. Design A cross-sectional survey. Setting A UK representative general population survey conducted in 2009. Participants A total of 3025 UK men aged 18-64 years. Measurements Binary logistic regression was used to examine relationships. Outcome measures included gambling behaviour and self-reports of violence. Covariates included alcohol and drug dependence, mental illness, impulsivity and socio-demography. Findings Problem gambling and probable pathological gambling were associated with increased odds of the perpetration of violence [adjusted odd ratios (AOR) = 3.09, confidence interval (CI) = 1.90-5.00 and 4.09, CI = 2.76-6.30, respectively] and a range of other behaviours, such as using a weapon (AORs = 4.93, CI = 2.52-9.63 and 6.33, CI = 3.52-11.38) and the perpetration of intimate partner violence (AOR = 9.80, CI =2.45-39.04). The results were attenuated when adjusted for comorbid mental illness and impulsivity, but remained statistically significant. Alcohol and drug dependence had the most impact; relationships were most attenuated when they added into the models, with the latter having the largest effect. Conclusions Among men in the United Kingdom, self-reports of problem/pathological gambling remain predictive of a range of measures of violent behaviour after adjusting for alcohol and drug dependence, comorbid mental disorder and impulsivity; of the covariates, alcohol and drug dependence have the greatest effect in attenuating the gambling-violence association. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a section of abstracts related to the management of marketing. They include "Motivation and Systemation--New Realities for Industrial Management," "Management Responsibilities Facing the Wholesale Grocer," and "Management and the British Domestic Electric Appliances Industry."

The article presents a reprint of the article “An Australian Perspective on the English Invasions of the Rio de la Plata in 1806 and 1807,” by Robert J. King, which appeared in an issue of the “International Journal of Naval History." Topics discussed include naval strategy developed by British captain Arthur Phillip, establishing a colony in New South Wales, and balance of power.

Working in mental health settings is a growing area of practice for occupational therapists. The work nowadays is mostly within the community, where occupational therapists may be found in a wide variety of teams. This study investigated the specific challenges that new graduate occupational therapists are faced with when commencing work in a mental health setting. One-to-one semi-structured interviews were carried out with 15 newly graduated occupational therapists, working in mental health settings in south-east Queensland. The interview transcripts were analysed using a consensual qualitative research approach. Three domains were identified from the transcripts. The first related to the ideas of the participants about the skills and knowledge needed by new graduates commencing mental health practice; the second related to the extent to which undergraduate studies had prepared them for practice; and the third related to the means by which they acquired capacity to practise and overcame deficits in skills and knowledge. The core ideas and themes associated with these domains are examined and the implications of the findings for education and training and for orientation to practice are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on William Bolts, a Merchant Adventurer, who had made tremendous contributions in the expansion of the sphere of business capitalism and in searching out new areas of commerce. Bolts was also referred to as Wilhelm, Willem, Guillaume or Guglielmo in different languages as used by different persons. Bolts was the strangely moving force that posed problems for strongly structured rivals. Bolts has created problems for British designs on the eastern Indian Ocean and the sea-otter fur trade of the North West coast of North America. Bolts's contemporaries were attracted by his activities. Bolt's activities are referred to on many occasions in the newspapers of the time, and in the correspondence that has been preserved in the archives of Great Britain, Austria, France, Belgium. Bolts was praised highly and placed among the most remarkable civilian adventurers of the eighteenth century in the territories of the East India Company by his biographer. In 1775, Maria Theresa, the Empress Queen of Austria and Hungary, permitted Bolts to visit London for commercial venture.

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a major source of nutrients for populations across the globe, but the amino acid composition of wheat grain does not provide optimal nutrition. The nutritional value of wheat grain is limited by low concentrations of lysine (the most limiting essential amino acid) and high concentrations of free asparagine (precursor to the processing contaminant acrylamide). There are currently few available solutions for asparagine reduction and lysine biofortification through breeding. In this study, we investigated the genetic architecture controlling grain free amino acid composition and its relationship to other traits in a Robigus × Claire doubled haploid population. Multivariate analysis of amino acids and other traits showed that the two groups are largely independent of one another, with the largest effect on amino acids being from the environment. Linkage analysis of the population allowed identification of quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling free amino acids and other traits, and this was compared against genomic prediction methods. Following identification of a QTL controlling free lysine content, wheat pangenome resources facilitated analysis of candidate genes in this region of the genome. These findings can be used to select appropriate strategies for lysine biofortification and free asparagine reduction in wheat breeding programs., (© 2023 The Authors. The Plant Genome published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Crop Science Society of America.)

Objective: To identify heritable symptom-based subtypes of Tourette syndrome (TS)., Methods: Forty-nine motor and phonic tics were examined in 3,494 individuals (1,191 TS probands and 2,303 first-degree relatives). Item-level exploratory factor and latent class analyses (LCA) were used to identify tic-based subtypes. Heritabilities of the subtypes were estimated, and associations with clinical characteristics were examined., Results: A 6-factor exploratory factor analysis model provided the best fit, which paralleled the somatotopic representation of the basal ganglia, distinguished simple from complex tics, and separated out socially disinhibited and compulsive tics. The 5-class LCA model best distinguished among the following groups: unaffected, simple tics, intermediate tics without social disinhibition, intermediate with social disinhibition, and high rates of all tic types. Across models, a phenotype characterized by high rates of social disinhibition emerged. This phenotype was associated with increased odds of comorbid psychiatric disorders, in particular, obsessive-compulsive disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, earlier age at TS onset, and increased tic severity. The heritability estimate for this phenotype based on the LCA was 0.53 (SE 0.08, p 1.7 × 10(-18))., Conclusions: Expanding on previous modeling approaches, a series of TS-related phenotypes, including one characterized by high rates of social disinhibition, were identified. These phenotypes were highly heritable and may reflect underlying biological networks more accurately than traditional diagnoses, thus potentially aiding future genetic, imaging, and treatment studies., (© 2016 American Academy of Neurology.)