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This article provides a comprehensive analysis of Ukraine’s satellite navigation development, focusing on the evolution of its legal frameworks in the context of ongoing regional conflict. It examines historical and current aspects of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) development in Ukraine, highlighting the intersection of technological innovation, international cooperation, and Ukraine’s role in global space initiatives. Special attention is paid to the 2023 bill “On State Regulation in the Sphere of Satellite Navigation,” emphasizing its critical role in national security and defense. The article underlines the need for robust legal and regulatory structures, professional expertise, and public-private collaboration to adapt to rapid industry changes and integrate effectively into the global space market. Кeywords: Satellite Navigation, Ukraine Legal Frameworks, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), Space Law, National Security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Starlink, the satellite Internet constellation of Elon Musk's SpaceX, faced signal jamming recently near conflict areas of Ukraine, amid the ongoing invasion by Russia, drawing global attention to space law. It has been argued that necessary legislations have to address the contours of cyber defense in the area of space law. This includes testing the validity of the Budapest Convention on Cybercrime, 2001, against the Outer Space Treaty, 1967, if damages are caused to satellites from the geographical confines of earth through cyberwarfare. This paper seeks to address this issue with specific cases from the past. Further, it endeavors to understand the interface between space law and cyberlaw in the context of cyberwarfare. The paper highlights the gray areas in cyberwarfare dispute resolution and analyzes them where legislation is lacking or insufficient in its scope and applicability. The paper also touches on laws regarding exploration of outer space for mineral and other resources of economic importance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors examine the fundamentals of the national space policy of Ukraine. The paper is devoted to studying the potential of the space industry in Ukraine and the current challenges and threats associated with space activities. The methods of comparative analysis, deduction, and modelling were used. The novelty of the research lies in the approval of the national space policy as a fundamental and priority document, on the basis of which the national space law, space activities and industry are developed. The key conclusion of the study is the need to build the national space policy based on the Ukrainian national idea. The authors formulated three basic principles of Ukraine’s space policy based on the Ukrainian national idea in the following formulation, “Ukraine – Keeper, the Ukrainians – the guardians of peace and a thousand years culture in the western part of the Eurasian continent.” These are (1) safety, stability, security, and long-term sustainability of space activities; (2) creation of an innovative and competitive commercial space sector, which should become a source of progress and sustainable development of Ukraine; (3) the use of space for national security activities, including those for exercising of the inherent right of self-defense. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is devoted to the analysis of the institutional-legal mechanisms of managing the strategically important space industry in Ukraine. Scientific-theoretical research methods: abstraction, idealization, construction of hypotheses and models, documentary analysis and synthesis, objective truth, cognitive-analytical, etc. Results: the origin and historical genesis of constituent elements of institutional-legal mechanisms of the management of the space industry in Ukraine and the problems of adapting these mechanisms to the trends of the "new space," are analyzed. The scientific aim is to contribute to developing the adequate and integrated legal regime of the management of the space industry in Ukraine and improving its institutional framework's effectiveness. Discussion: the evolution of the institutional framework and of the national space industry and its legal regime is analyzed on the background of Ukraine's space activities and trends of the "new space." The management of the national space industry needs not a fragmentary but a comprehensive administrative legal regulation and its harmonization with the respective regime of the leading space-faring nations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many countries were involved in space activities. The three leading spacefaring nations are the United States, the PRC, and the Russian Federation. The People's Republic of China is the secondlargest in the world, with a great number of scientific and technological achievements in this field, PRC has the highest rate of development. Ukraine's success is so modest that by 2021 it has been no longer considered a spacefaring nation abroad. However, in 1991 Ukraine was even ahead of the PRC in space research. This requires thorough consideration. Moreover, the conditions for public administration of space activities in the PRC and in one of the stable countries in Europe, the Kingdom of Sweden, should be studied, drawing parallels with Ukraine. The authors have carried out applied analytical research with a view to achieving greater efficiency in the work of the State Space Agency of Ukraine by improving public administration. The empirical scientific method is applied, that is, research and generalization for implementation in practice. The authors conclude that cooperation with the PRC in the field of space and missile activities should be continued, adapting the targeted provisions of Ukrainian legislation and the PRC to that end, taking into account the need to adapt European Union legislation to the legal framework of Ukraine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the article, the authors reveal the historical and legal aspects of space activities in Ukraine. The historical and legal acts of the Ukrainian SSR and the Soviet Union, regulating the space industry, are analyzed. Considerable attention was paid to the peculiarities of legal regulation of the activities of the main space design bureaus of the time. It is concluded that the space activities of the USSR -- in general and the Ukrainian SSR were provided on the basis of sublegislative normative legal acts (resolutions of the Council of Ministers and orders of the Central bodies of the Communist party). However, the lack of the national space law was offset by systematic and full funding of space activities, resulting in the Soviet Union having a powerful space industry. In the conditions of modern development, Ukraine has all the opportunities to achieve significant development of the space industry, using the positive experience of the USSR and opening access to space activities of private investment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides a comparative analysis of international law and national legislation of Ukraine on the legal regulation of space activities. Such institutions of state regulation of objects of space activities as registration and certification are investigated. The problems of legal responsibility of subjects of ownership of space objects in case of expansion of space activities in Ukraine to the private sector are revealed. The article focuses on the fact that in Ukraine there are a number of organizational and legal problems in the field of space activities. Organizational problems include the low level of awareness of the population of Ukraine regarding the goals and objectives of space activities; the lack of qualified legal support for space activities in Ukraine; corruption and insufficient attention by the government to the development of the space industry. The problems of legal regulation of space activities, including the protection of property rights to space objects, include: the lack of proper systematization of national legislation; the delay in the adoption of policy documents in the field of space activities; the declarativity of most of the adopted norms in this area. The adoption of the Law of Ukraine, allowing private space activities, is proposed. The study will contribute to the development of a systematic approach in legislation to the protection of property rights to space objects in accordance with the international legal regulation of the activities of States in the field of protection of property rights to space objects and the like. The adoption of the Law of Ukraine "On Private Space Activities" is proposed. The study will contribute to the development of a systematic approach in national legislation to the protection of property rights to space objects in accordance with the international legal regulation of the activities of states in the field of protection of property rights to space objects and the like. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article contains the results of the study of theoretical and methodological aspects of state regulation and administration of space activities in Ukraine. The concepts of "public regulation" and "public administration" are analyzed and their structural components are highlighted. The methods and measures of organizational activity of the state are defined with taking into account the tasks and features of its space activity. The definitions of state regulation and administration of space activities are given, and the main tools of organizational activity of the state in the space industry and ways of improvement are outlined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The newest doctrine of space law of Ukraine is formulated in the article. The authors reveal that it consists of public and private international space law applicable in Ukraine and domestic space laws, which are classified into public and private. It is emphasized that making amendments and additions to the relevant national Law "On Space Activities", which has allowed private entities to be engaged in these activities, offers great opportunities to the Ukrainian space industry. However, the transformation into a powerful spacefaring nation still requires Ukraine to overcome bureaucratic and corruption factors in a legal and organizational manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, the theoretical and practical legal aspects of deregulation of national space activities are analyzed. It is established that the norms of international space law do not provide for a specific authorization mechanism for space activities in outer space. It is proved that its implementation should be carried out by States at the level of national space legislation. The main stages of development of the legislation of Ukraine on licensing of space activity are shown. The purpose of this paper is to justify the cancellation of licensing of space activities in Ukraine, as well as non-compliance with the basic principles of expediency and adequacy of the state regulatory policy of legislative initiatives on the resumption of the licensing procedure for space activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is devoted to the analysis of the norms of international and national legislation regulating the issue of liability in international space law and investigation of the grounds for liability in space law. Special attention is paid to the forms and types of legal responsibility for the violation of law in the domain of space activities. The study explores the issue of absolute liability in international space law. The analysis of space law makes it possible to conclude that both in international law and international space law, material liability of states for non-compliance with international law norms in the implementation of space activities is complemented with political liability. There is made a conclusion about the necessity of making amendments to the Law of Ukraine “On Space Activities” aimed to foresee the norms of liability for taking space offences. The solution to these problems is hampered primarily by the lack of experience and judicial practice in this area. Further research in this field will contribute to the development of a systematic approach to international legal regulation of liability in space law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is devoted to the legal regulation of space activities in Ukraine. It has been clarified that this type of activities is regulated by a number of laws of Ukraine, decrees of the President of Ukraine, resolutions of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, acts of the State Space Agency of Ukraine, as well as by multilateral international treaties, international agreements within the CIS, and a large number of bilateral treaties concluded between Ukraine and other States of the world. The basic legal acts of Ukraine concerning implementation of space activities have been analyzed, namely: the Constitution of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine “On Space Activities”, the Law of Ukraine “On Entrepreneurship”, the Law of Ukraine “On State Support to Space Activities”, “On Approval of the Concept of the National Target Scientific and Technical Space Program of Ukraine for 2018 — 2022”, etc. The main provisions of these acts, as well as the problematic issues that need to be clarified and revised, have been considered. The conclusions indicated that an extensive system of regulatory acts, governing the implementation of space activities, demonstrates the transformation of the space industry into one of the leading sectors of the Ukrainian economy. It has been emphasized that many problems of the space industry still remain unresolved. The mentioned problems have been analyzed and the ways of their solution have been offered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Examines the international perspective of the national space law in Ukraine. Formulation of national space legislation to demonstrate attitude to the international security system; Regulation of the commercial activities and dual-use issues; Effect of international cooperation on space law development.