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Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the variables that may affect treatment continuation in children aged 6 to 12 years who were newly diagnosed with ADHD. Methods: A total of 132 children diagnosed with ADHD and their parents participated in the study. Sociodemographic and clinical risk factors affecting continuation of treatment were examined using logistic regression analysis. Results: Multiple model examination revealed that greater age increased the risk of treatment discontinuation 1.824 times (p = 0.003) while a lower total length of paternal education increased the risk of discontinuation (1/0.835) 1.198 times (p = 0.022). Other variables emerging as significant in the univariate model lost that significance in the multiple model. Conclusions: Understanding the variables associated with medication discontinuation in ADHD in different populations and taking these variables into account in the development of health policies, will be useful in improving the long-term devastating effects of the disorder.

The study was attempted to determine the efficiency of the card game named 'MedTerm' upon the students' achievements of the medical terms. The research was one group pre-test and post-test without control group research design and the study group elected by using the convenience sampling method consisted of the first-year students (n=46) elderly care program of the vocational school of health services of a university in northern Turkey. All students who voluntarily participated in the study played the card game named 'MedTerm' in order to learn medical terms. In the research, 'The Medical Terms Achievement Test (MTAT)' consisted of 57 open-ended questions was used as data collection tool. Achievement scores related to medical terms before and after the game were evaluated. At the end of the implementation, the semi-structured interviews were also conducted with randomly selected students.. As a result of the research, a statistically significant difference was found between the pre-test mean scores and the post-test mean scores in favour of the post-test (t=-17.141, p<0.05). In accordance with the data obtained, it can be said that the 'MedTerm' card game increases elderly care program students' sound and partial understandings of medical terms and their achievements. In addition, it was concluded that all students expressed positive views concerning the functioning of the course.

This scientometric study examines the overall research trends, publication and citation structures, authorship and collaboration patterns, bibliographic coupling, and productivity patterns in the field of social support in education. Bibliometric data consisting of 545 documents was retrieved from the Scopus database during a period of 43 years (1977-2020) on 1 January 2021. Data analysis was performed using various scientometric software including MS Excel, VOS Viewer, Biblioshiny, CiteSpace and ScientoPy. The results of the study revealed that the first publication on this topic appeared in 1977, however, the major increase was observed during 2017-2020, whereas the maximum number of publications (N = 57) in a single year was published in the year 2020. Similarly, the highest number of citations (n = 1002) were observed in the year 1995 with an average of 334 citations per document. The most productive countries were the United States (N = 194), the United Kingdom (N = 56), and Australia (N = 50 publications). Results further indicated that more than 50.7% of the research in the social support area was done in medicine. Overall, the findings of the study reveal that most of the research in the aforementioned field originated from the developed countries which can be related to the developments in the medical field. The study indicates the importance of social support in the educational context due to an increased trend of inclusion and diversity in the education field. This research is the first bibliometric study in the field of social support in education.

This qualitative research is a descriptive study aiming to analyze the graduate studies in different disciplines prepared for music evaluation and to reveal the current situation in Turkey. The sample of the study involves 25 graduate theses in different disciplines which are in the database of the National Thesis Center and defended in line with music education field. These theses were examined with content analysis and 10 criteria as follows: thesis type, its university, recearcher's gender, publication year, title of advisor, its institute, its department, research area, research model and research class. The findings were interpreted in tables by calculating the frequency and percentage. The findings reveal that 76% of the examined theses in the scope of this study are master's (MA), 20% doctorate (PhD) and 4% specialty in medicine theses. Most of the MA theses were prepared in Hacettepe University, and most of the PhD theses were prepared in Ankara University and the specialty in medicine thesis was completed in Gaziosmanpasa University. In addition, most of these theses were written by female researchers and the number of theses in different disciplines prepared for music education in Turkey is not numerous. Music education and preschool education were associated, and most of the PhD theses had equal distribution in the fields of Education Policies, Preschool Education, Mathematics Education, Empathic Skills and Sociology. Lastly, it was revealed that most of the theses were prepared based on descriptive model and quantitative approach.

In this research, it was aimed to analyze the profiles of secondary school female students considering STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) careers at university by collecting information such as education status of the parents, number of siblings, monthly income of the household, their favorite courses at school and the departments they intend to choose at the university. The research addressed the following question: "What is the profile of secondary school female students who consider choosing STEM careers?" This study is structured according to instrumental case study design, one of the qualitative research designs. The research data were collected from 210 female students studying in Anatolian high schools by a form in which the students' information was requested. After collecting the forms applied to a wider workgroup, female students' data were separated and the departments they intend to choose at the university were analyzed. Originally, the form has been applied to a larger sample, following the collection of the data, the data of female students was analyzed separately to see the departments that they consider at the university. The departments stated by female students were coded as STEM careers and non-STEM careers. The results obtained from the evaluation of the data are given as frequency and percentage. Regarding female students who consider preferring STEM careers, it was found that the education level of their parents is high; the number of siblings and therefore the number of people in their household is low; the monthly household income is moderate or high; and the students who like the courses directly related to STEM fields are more interested in choosing STEM careers. It is seen that more than half of the female students who want to choose STEM careers want to pursue a career in medicine. [This study was presented as an oral paper at the International Conference on Science, Mathematics, Entrepreneurship and Technology Education.]

The research aimed to reveal through classification the graduate thesis written in the field of preschool education between the years of 2010-2018. This study was qualitative research, and the data were collected through the document examination method. The sampling for the research was determined with criterion sampling, a purposeful sampling strategy. Based on this, a total of 984 graduate thesis were examined with 787 master's thesis, 120 doctoral thesis, and 27 Medical/Dentistry thesis, that were written in the field of preschool education. In line with the specified criteria, the full texts of the thesis were recorded and studied based on the subheadings determined in the scope of the research. Frequency was utilized in the analysis of the data. It was determined as a result of the research that there was an increase in the number of graduate thesis in 2015 and afterwards and that this increase was especially prevalent in the master's field. The research determined that, with regard to types of research, a quantitative research method and experimental and survey research models were used more frequently. According to the results of the research, it is recommended that research groups aimed at the field of preschool education in Turkey be diversified and that different research models be used.

In this paper, it is aimed to analyze the acquirements and topics in Turkish secondary school history textbooks that are published by the Ministry of National Education (MEB) and by the private sector to determine to what extend the place given to history of science and history of medicine. In the study, the document and content analysis techniques are used. The documents in this study are Turkish secondary school history textbooks to be taught across the country currently. Elaborates on the history of science and history of medicine acquirements in the textbooks, it can be said that Turkish secondary history textbooks' quantitative coverage of the HOS and HOM topics is 9.7 percent on average. Among the seven secondary school history textbooks, the 10th grade textbook is given the largest space (8.6 percent of the textbook) and again the 11th grade the revolution history of Turkish republic and the principles of Ataturk curriculum is given the smallest space (0.8 percent of the textbook).

The shortfall of young people, particularly women, in the field of Science, Mathematics and Engineering (SME) has been shown in many national studies. Schreiner and Sjoberg (2007) indicated that boys outnumber girls in physics and engineering studies, while the gender balance is shifted towards the girls in studies including medicine, veterinary medicine, environmental science and biology. This paper sets out to explore the issues, which are relevant to understanding these gender differences and the factors affecting students' career choices. The instrument called "Vilje-con-valg" was used to obtain data from 1635 first year students from eight different departments--mechanical, civil, computer, electrical-electronics, industrial, chemical, environmental and food engineering at 21 universities in Turkey. The results of this study showed that (i) most of the students decided on career options during their last grade level in high school or after graduation from high school, (ii) students were influenced by the jobs that they were interested in; their talents and abilities that they wanted to use and job prospects after graduation, (iii) internet, popular scientific magazines, books and movies were important factors in choosing their careers and (iv) the creativity and independence in the jobs are important considerations that influence career decisions. (Contains 7 tables and 1 figure.)

This study aims to investigate the applicability of context- and problem-based learning (C-PBL) into teaching thermodynamics and to examine its influence on the students' achievements in chemistry, retention of knowledge, students' attitudes, motivation and interest towards chemistry. The embedded mixed method design was utilized with a group of 13 chemistry students in a 2-year program of "Medical Laboratory and Techniques" at a state university in an underdeveloped city at the southeastern region of Turkey. The research data were collected via questionnaires regarding the students' attitudes, motivation and interest in chemistry, an achievement test on "thermodynamics" and interviews utilized to find out the applicability of C-PBL into thermodynamics. The findings demonstrated that C-PBL led a statistically significant increase in the students' achievement in thermodynamics and their interest in chemistry, while no statistically significant difference was observed in the students' attitudes and motivation towards chemistry before and after the intervention. The interviews revealed that C-PBL developed not only the students' communication skills but also their skills in using time effectively, making presentations, reporting research results and using technology. It was also found to increase their self-confidence together with the positive attitudes towards C-PBL and being able to associate chemistry with daily life. In light of these findings, it could be stated that it will be beneficial to increase the use of C-PBL in teaching chemistry.

In this paper, we describe the Scientific Habits of Mind Survey (SHOMS) developed to explore public, science teachers' and scientists' understanding of habits of mind (HoM). The instrument contained 59 items, and captures the seven SHOM identified by Gauld. The SHOM was validated by administration to two cohorts of pre-service science teachers: primary science teachers with little science background or interest (n = 145), and secondary school science teachers (who also were science graduates) with stronger science knowledge (n = 145). Face validity was confirmed by the use of a panel of experts and a pilot study employing participants similar in demographics to the intended sample. To confirm convergent and discriminant validity, confirmatory factor analysis and evaluation of the reliability were calculated. Statistical data and other data gathered from interviews suggest that the SHOMS will prove to be a useful tool for educators and researchers who wish to investigate HoM for a variety of participants. (Contains 1 table.)

Use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) treatments have been increasing for children with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD). In this study, 38 Turkish parents of children with ASD were surveyed related with their use of CAM treatments, experiences, and views for each treatment. They mentioned "Vitamins and minerals", "Special Diet", "Sensory Integration", "Other Dietary Supplements", and "Chelation" as five frequently used CAM treatments. Communication, learning, health, and behavior were the main four areas rated as "improved" after five CAM treatments. Negative sides of treatments were listed as being expensive, difficult to apply, or harmful. The parents' views on some treatments have varied from great improvement to worse. Reported improvements were considerably higher than the negative sides of the treatments.

According to several recent studies, physicians in various medical branches have some differences in attitudes towards transgender and gender‐diverse (TGD) persons based on religious or political beliefs. Our study aims to uncover the attitudes of the general physician community in Turkey, which has a youthful profile, regarding TGD individuals. The attitudes towards transgender individuals scale (ATTI) and the general conservatism scale, along with a form that asks about socio‐demographic factors, political beliefs, and level of religion, were administered online to physicians. The ATTI score of physicians (mean = 77.8) is favourable and did not vary among branches. Being female, being close to TGD, having left‐wing views, low conservatism and low religious belief scores were associated with positive attitudes towards TGD individuals. The physician profile's moderate religious belief and left‐wing views can be interpreted as a country‐specific dynamic and did not prevent the approach from being positive. Despite physicians' positive attitude towards TGD individuals on a professional level, there is resistance to contacting them in their daily lives. The possibility of the partial contribution of socially desirable response behaviour to positive scores should not be ignored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory condition that significantly affects the quality of life of both patients and their families or caregivers. Recently, treatment for moderate-to-severe AD were limited to conventional immunosuppressive therapies. However, currently, with the approval of biologic treatments and oral small molecules in the past decade, the effective and safe management of patients with AD is possible. Despite these advancements, challenges and unmet needs in clinical practice remain. This includes patients who do not respond well to or cannot tolerate existing treatment options and inadequate therapies that can modify the disease course. This review aimed to provide an overview of the current treatment approach for AD, highlight the current challenges in treatment, and discuss the rationale for novel treatment options and emerging evidence on systemic treatment options for AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Trauma & Emergency Surgery / Ulusal Travma ve Acil Cerrahi Dergisi is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Izmir Katip Celebi University Faculty of Health Sciences Journal / İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Izmir Katip Celebi University, Faculty of Health Sciene Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Psychiatry is the property of Turk Psikiyatri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acibadem Saglik Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Acibadem University Medical School and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

It can be followed through historical texts that the functions of kams in the old Turkish belief changed over time, depending on different religions. The naming of kam and its functions, which were determined in Islamic texts belonging to the first years, also provide information on how the boundaries of these functions were drawn. In this respect, it can be observed through the texts that the functions of the kam is separated from each other for the Turks who have adopted the religion of Islam. In this study, it was emphasized how the functions of the kam, which were collected in the framework of "religious man / journey to the heavens / religious ritual function", "magic / therapeutic magic / medicine function" and "prophecy", were reflected in the Turkish texts from the first period of the adoption of Islam. The boundaries of the naming of these functions in the texts have been tried to be drawn from the first examples identified in the historical texts. It has been emphasized what meanings the related vocabulary means and which functions of the kam are used to indicate. In the study, firstly, the scope of the clergy function of the kams was revealed. With the function of a priest, it is meant that he or she has the functions of leading religious rituals, traveling to the heavens during rituals, and guiding spirits. It has been determined based on the data obtained that the naming does not present a kam with all its functions as in the old Turkish belief. It is seen that this function continues to exist in a different form in the form of dervishes, minstrels, sheikhs and saints in the Islamic environment. The word "kam", on the other hand, moved away from the function of clergy, which would directly evoke the old Turkish belief, and kept its existence for a while by being limited to other functions mentioned. By avoiding this naming, denominations related to various visual elements of the kam were used when necessary, or it was seen that denominations were preferred, which allowed to be defined as a doctor, soothsayer, or magician on their own. It is known that another function of the kam, which is magic / therapeutic magic / medicine, takes on an Islamic character and continues to exist in the form of ocaks, emçis, herbalists, hodjas, bonesetters. The explanation of the extraordinary deeds of the Turkmen fathers in Anatolia by the fact that they have miracles can also be considered as a transformation of magic and magic against the prohibitions of Sunni Islam. In addition, it is seen that kam and the fundamental vocabulary related to kam has gained meanings towards the medical function. The oracle function of the kam was kept alive by being associated with the Muslim saints. It has been seen that these functions have started to diverge in the first Islamic texts due to their distance from Islam. Expressing the practices that were widespread among the people and turned into a habit, even though they were found to be against religion, required a great attention and a delicate approach for the authors of the period. Since the texts of the period are Islamic texts, the meaning of the word "kam" was used only to express the "kam of the old Turkish belief". It has been seen that this single example, which was found in only one of the texts examined in the study, was presented with the emphasis of prophecy and tried to be removed from its religious function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of the study is to determine the opinions of students studying at the faculty of health sciences on spousal support during pregnancy and delivery. Method: The population of the study, which was planned as a descriptive cross-sectional, consisted of health sciences faculty students, and the sample consisted of 302 nursing-midwifery 1st and 4th grade students who were willing to participate in the study. The data collection form used in the study conducted between 5-9 March 2018 was developed in line with the literature. The data were evaluated with an appropriate statistical program. Results: The average age of the students participating in the study is 20.43 ± 1.89, 97.7% of them are single and 81.8% of them have nuclear family structure. 86.4% of the students stated that they want to be with their spouse in labor, 76.5% in the delivery room, 90.7% of them stated that birth preparation courses are necessary, 85.8% of them want to attend the birth preparation course with their spouses. When the reasons for female/male students to want their spouses are examined, it was determined as supporting, giving morale (48.7%/54.3%), not wanting to be alone/being with them at all times (11.9%/11.4%). 57.1% of the men stated that they could not bear when they saw their partner in pain. It was observed that the class and gender of the students did not affect their preference to be with them in the delivery room (p> 0.05), but the department they studied did (p<0.05). Most of the students stated that they would like to attend preparatory courses for information purposes. It has been determined that class, department and gender differences affect the necessity and participation status of preparatory courses (p<0.05). Conclusion: According to the results of the study, it was determined that most of the students wanted to be with their spouses in this process, they deem necessary and want to attend the birth preparation courses. Statistically significant differences were found between midwifery and nursing students. This is thought to be due to the midwifery students' knowing the pregnancy and delivery processes better. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Electronic Turkish Studies is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine: (1) the prevalence of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use (2) the characteristics of CAM users, (3) patients' source of information about CAM, (4) patients' perceived attitude of their physician regarding CAM use, and (5) the association between CAM use and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). METHODS: This descriptive-cross section study was conducted between June 2007 and December 2007. Three-hundred and six patients were asked to complete a questionnaire about the use of CAM along with HADS. RESULTS: The prevalence of CAM use among cancer patients treated with radiotherapy was 35%. The patients with severe anxiety score were more likely to use CAM than the others. The younger age were found as predicting variables for CAM use. Majority of user patients wanted to add CAM to conventional therapies. CONCLUSION: Oncologist might be aware of the CAM issue and talk to their patients about the use of CAM. The documentation of CAM use in the medical history might be advised at the time of initial consultation in radiotherapy centers. Although CAM use is a method that patients want to use in addition to conventional treatments, it is not clear that these methods can be used together safely. It is thought that there is a need for prospective and innovative studies in modern oncology centers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is now well established in scholarship that the Turkmen principalities (beylik s) of late medieval Rum possessed lively, dynamic court cultures and that several of their members were enthusiastic supporters of art and architecture. Recent publications have shown that, like their more famous Ilkhanid and Mamluk contemporaries, several Turkmen princes were avid patrons of the Islamic arts of the book. For the most part, however, scholars have not examined the contributions of the Aydınid principality (1308–1425) to this art form. Before the emergence of Ottoman domination, the Aydınids were one of the most powerful and prosperous local polities, based on the western coast of present-day Turkey in and around Birgi, Ayasuluk (Selçuk), Tire, and İzmir. In an effort to contribute to ongoing discussions concerning the production and patronage of the late medieval arts of the book from Rum, this article analyzes and contextualizes an illuminated manuscript that was produced for Fakhr al-Din ʿIsa ibn Muhammad ibn Aydın (r. ca. 1360–90). This manuscript appears not to have been studied in any depth before. Given the small number of securely identified manuscripts from late fourteenth-century Rum, this material marks an exciting and welcome addition to the corpus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global estimates confirm the future need for more health cadres, including doctors. The study aims to investigate reasons to choose medicine as a career among students at a Turkish private medical school. A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted among the first-, second-and third-class medical students receiving education in the second semester of the 2017-2018 academic year at the BezmialemVakif University, Istanbul, Turkey. The universal sampling technique using a semistructured questionnaire was recruited to collect the data. The SPSS 16.0 package used to analyze the data, and the statistically significant was considered at less than 0.05. The mean age of students was 20.3 + 4.3 years (range 18-23 years). More than half (57.3%) were females, and most of them (76.5%) lived with their parents. The majority (87.5%) of them inquired about medical college, and 85.1% of them won the medical school in the first trial. The main reasons to study medicine were personal preference(75.7%), studying medicine is appealing(52.4%), humanitarian profession(52.2%), the ready availability of work for physicians(42.2%), challenging carrier providing an opportunity to solve mysteries(40.8%), childhood dream(39.2%), profiting profession(35.7%), my parents' vision and choice(31.8%), respectively. Almost the motives behind choosing to study medicine are similar across societies but different in the priorities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Adalya is the property of Koc University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: The role of environmental factors in neurological disorders constitutes a topic of increasing importance. Teaching in European universities should expand and update this field gaining future health professionals including adjacent disciplines., Aim: To describe recent efforts to create courses that cover crucial interdisciplinary content that we believe should be included in modern education, and to adapt modern pedagogic strategies., Methods: In collaboration with RISE (Rencontres Internationales Santé Environnement), elective courses focused on Environmental Health and Medicine (EHM) were developed, in France, Sweden, and Turkey. The courses combined classic teaching methods and new pedagogic and digital solutions to create environment-related health awareness and facilitate future interprofessional collaboration in this field., Results: UPRISE is an innovative elective course introduced in 2020 in Sweden's Uppsala University with the participation of lecturers from several countries and aim to recruit students from different universities. A total of 45, mainly female students (68%), participated in the course. In Strasbourg, France, a novel course on environmental medicine was held in 2019-2023 and examined 90 students, of which more than half were female. Nine graduate nurse students in Turkey attended ten seminar series focused on EHM. Overall, students expressed satisfaction with the courses., Conclusions: This European project for courses in higher education arising from RISE was met with appreciation and challenges from academic institutions. However, due to considerable efforts to introduce the EHM concept, a unique compulsory course for all medical students in the second year of training started in 2023 in all French medical faculties. In 2023, UPRISE was integrated into ENLIGHT, the European University Network to promote equitable quality of Life, sustainability, and Global engagement through Higher education Transformation., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

Purpose: The aim of the research is to determine whether the fields of specialization in medicine differ according to gender. In addition, it was aimed to determine whether the fields of specialization, subspecialties, titles of physicians and ownership of the hospital differ according to gender. Materials and Methods: With this descriptive study, 23,473 physicians working in medical faculties affiliated to 88 public and foundation universities in Turkey were examined according to certain criteria. Results: Female physicians focused on medical pathology, skin and venereal diseases, histology and embryology, child and adolescent mental health and diseases, physical medicine and rehabilitation, family medicine; male physicians focused on orthopedics and traumatology, urology, neurosurgery, general surgery, cardiovascular surgery, plastic, reconstructive and aesthetic surgery, cardiology, otorhinolaryngology, thoracic surgery, oral and maxillofacial surgery. This differentiation between male and female physicians according to branches was statistically significant. While the difference between internal, surgical and basic medical sciences by gender was statistically significant, this difference in subspecialties was not statistically significant. Conclusion: There is a differentiation by gender among the main areas of expertise.There is a perception of masculinity for surgical branches and femininity for internal and basic medicine branches, and it can be said that physicians' specialization preferences are not independent of the sexist roles imposed on them by the society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed at investigating the effect of ontogenetic and diurnal variability on yield and quality criteria of Mentha piperita. The research was conducted in the Ordu province of Turkey for two years. The trial was established in a randomised complete block design with 3 replications according to factorial regulations. Four different harvesting periods (budding, first flowering, 50% flowering, 100% flowering) and three harvesting hours (9:00 a.m., 1:00 p.m., 5:00 p.m.) were evaluated. A significant difference was determined between the trial years in all characters examined: plant height 55.9--69.0 cm, fresh herb yield 3 236--16 438 kg/ha, drug-herb yield 1 748--2 862 kg/ha, fresh leaf yield 3 477--4 506 kg/ha, drug leaf yield 968--1 253 kg/ha, essential oil ratio 2.0--2.5% and essential oil yield that varied between 19--28 L/ha. The highest yields were obtained at the beginning of flowering in drug leaf yield and 100% flowering period for all other characteristics. Diurnal variability was statistically significant only in the rate of essential oil, and the highest rate occurred in the 9:00 a.m. harvest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The studies conducted so far on the history of the clinical algorithm have not noticed to the works of Ahmad Al Hayati Ibn Muhammad al- Qurashi (917 AH- 1511 AD), who, to the best of our knowledge, was the first person who applied multiple branching algorithms (arborization) to medical books, and his book named Shajarat al-Tibb (lit. a tree of medicine) followed the dendritic method (multiple branching algorithms (arborization) in presenting medical information. The book includes brief, yet useful, information, coordinated in a wonderful arrangement of the medical science rules, such as naturals, manuals, symptoms, and treatment arts. Moreover, the book, written at the time of Sultan Beyazid II, was mentioned in the Index of Medical Manuscripts in Turkey. It can be concluded that Ḥayati, Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad was the first medical professor to adopt the use of clinical algorithms. If the translation of his books was available, his research and expertise would be known to more researchers as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Modern healthcare systems require the right mix of medical specialties for effective provision of high-quality services. Despite increased availability of general physicians and specialists, Türkiye lags behind high-income countries in terms of availability of specialists. The purpose of the study is to identify several specific factors that affect the choice of medical specialization., Methods: All 350 medical school graduates in a specialty examination preparation bootcamp were requested to participate in the survey and 333 completed the self-administered questionnaire. The survey asked questions about factors affecting choice of medical specialty by medical graduates., Results: The empirical results indicate that surgical specialties, compared to other broad medical specializations, are selected because of its higher income-earning potential and social prestige. The likelihood of selecting surgical specialties is negatively affected by rigorousness of the training program, high work-load, risk of malpractice lawsuits and risk of workplace violence. Male participants were 2.8 times more likely to select surgery specialty compared to basic medical science. Basic medical science areas were selected at a higher rate by female graduates and graduates with high level of academic performance in medical schools., Conclusions: It is critically important to improve trust and inter-personal communications between the patients and physicians in all specialties to lower the likelihood of malpractice lawsuits and workplace violence. Policy-makers may adopt policies to affect income earning potential and social prestige of targeted specializations to improve their supply., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Objectives: The aim of this study was to emphasize the amount of anatomy courses in the regulation titled, “Traditional and Complementary Medical Implementations” and to make anatomists think of the question who should teach anatomy in traditional and complementary medicine? Methods: The anatomy courses in the standards of education for traditional and complementary therapies organized by the Turkish Republic Ministry of Health were investigated. The number of anatomy courses for teaching complementary medicine without standards of education were taken from the draft regulation for traditional and complementary therapies. Results: Clinical anatomy is the practical application of anatomical knowledge to diagnosis and treatment. Up to date, there is no regulation defining who is authorized to give anatomy lectures in the workshops or courses permitted by the Ministry of Health of Turkey. It was seen that, theoretically, any health practitioner in workshops could give anatomy lectures. Conclusion: Anatomists are experts of the structure and relationship of all parts of the body. A great number of anatomists are practicing traditional and complementary medicine in Turkey. The anatomists who are qualified in both anatomy and complementary medicine may be the ideal lecturers in the education of these methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today's political borders of the Republic of Turkey, there exist very old institutions that train physicians according to Islamic medical science. In this study, 19 health institutions whose locations have been determined and documents finalized were approached in a chronological order and classified according to the historical periods: XIIth and XIIIth centuries (Seljukian period)-10, XIVth century (Ilkhanate dominion)-1, and XVth-XVIIth centuries (Ottoman period)-8 institutions. Some of them have a history of 900 years (Konya Mâristan-ı Atik, 1113; and Mardin Eminüddin Bimaristanı, 1122). In addition, some are in the form of a medical madrasah and an application hospital (Kayseri, 1206; Sivas, 1217). In these institutions, great masters of Islamic medicine (Razi, Fârâbî, Bîrûnî, İbni Sina) and ancient authorities (Hippocrates, Dioscorides, Aretaeus, Galenos) were taught. These institutions had builders, rulers (sultan, melik) or mothers, wives, daughters, and sisters (the presence of female builders in these institutions attracted attention). During the Seljuk period, powerful viziers also built such institutions. These hospitals also provided free services which were considered as "charities" according to the Islamic religion. These institutions were financed by sources (shops, inns, Turkish baths, bridges, mills, vineyards, gardens, fields and annual taxes of many villages) that donated funds through the "foundation" method. Donations were made in the presence of the "kadi" (muslim judges) and many witnesses, with the written document "endowment." These foundations were not touched by subsequent monarchs. Payment of fees, daily expenses of the physicians, assistant personel and repairing of buildings was done by the board of trustees. Twelve of these institutions are still in use for public interest (polyclinic, museum, health museum, library, university, and education center). When modern medical schools (1827) and hospitals (1842) began to be established as of the XIXth century, these historic buildings were allocated to mental patients, while some were devastated by neglect. However, in the Republic period, they have been restored and used for health and educational purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the existence of humanity, various treatment methods have been sought to fight with diseases. The people who lived in the ancient time tried to cure themselves by observing the diseases and herbal ways. For centuries, the healing of plants has been replaced by prayer and magic to the gods, and as a result, medical science has been carried out by the clergy for many years. All the civilizations who lived have determined their own method of treatment. Anatolian lands had the priority on pioneering on modern civilization. Undoubtedly, one of the most important branches that science pioneered is medicine. The history of medicine in Anatolia can be categorized as Mesopotamia and Egypt, Hittite, Chinese, Indian, Greek Civilizations, Roman Empire and Turkish-Islamic Civilizations. According to the religious belief in Mesopotamia, the diseases were caused by demons, evil spirits and the like. The priests were also involved in the healing of the diseases. The priests believed that prayer was the most important cure for disease treatment, and they approached the patients in this direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In our country, medicines entry to the market are evaluated by the Turkish Pharmaceutical and Medical Devices Agency under the responsibility of the Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health. While the medicines market licensing processes of are evaluated, they are evaluated by taking into consideration the international acceptance criteria and the latest scientific developments on effectiveness, safety and quality standards. The licensing processes of biological/biotechnological products, which have importance gradually increased in recent years, have been reviewed taking into account basicly the legislative information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Doctors have higher rates of mental illness and suicide than the general population worldwide. Suicides of doctors are known to be underreported in developing countries. To the best of our knowledge, there are no studies investigating suicides among medical students and doctors in Turkey., Objectives: To investigate the characteristics of suicides in medical school students and doctors in Turkey., Material and Methods: In this retrospective study, newspaper websites and Google search engine were searched for information on medical school student and doctor suicides in Turkey between 2011 and 2021. Cases of suicide attempt, parasuicide or deliberate self-harm were not included in the study., Results: Sixty-one suicides were reported between 2011-2021. There was a male predominance (45 (73.8%)), and more than half of the suicides (32 (52.5%)) occurred among specialist doctors. Self-poisoning, jumping from heights and firearms were the most common methods of suicide (18 (29.5%), 17 (27.9%) and 15 (24.6%), respectively). Cardiovascular surgery, family medicine, gynecology, and obstetrics specialties had the highest numbers of suicide deaths. Depression/mental illness was the most common speculated etiology. These results show that suicides among medical students and doctors in Turkey have characteristics that differ from both suicided among the general population in Turkey and doctor suicides in other countries., Conclusions: In this study, we identified the suicidal characteristics of medical students and doctors in Turkey for the first time. The results help us to better understand this understudied topic and provide an avenue for future studies. The data also indicate that it is important to monitor the individual and systemic difficulties experienced by doctors, starting from the medical education stage, and to provide individual and environmental support to help decrease the risk of suicide.

Objectives: High emotional intelligence and leadership traits are essential for physicians in managing their responsibilities and thus building successful interactions with patients. This study explored the relationship between emotional intelligence and leadership traits among family physicians.Methods: Participants (2975 men, 972 women, mean = 42.0 ages, SD = 7.47) were family physicians working at family health-care centers across the seven geographical regions of Turkey who were contacted by e-mail. The Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue) and Leadership Traits Tool were used to collect data. Data were analyzed concerning physicians' sex, age, health-care experience, and geographical region. The correlation between Trait Emotional Intelligence (TEI) and leadership was also being examined.Results: Our findings suggest that family physicians' TEI differs based on sex, age, health-care experience, and the geographical region where they work. Women had higher mean values than did men for well-being, emotionality, and global TEI. Physicians aged younger than 29 years had the lowest mean values for emotional intelligence. As physicians' health-care experience increased, they received higher scores for emotional intelligence. Physicians working in the Mediterranean had the highest mean TEI scores. There was a positive correlation between family physicians' emotional intelligence and leadership traits. Higher emotional intelligence was correlated with increased leadership traits.Conclusion: Emotional intelligence and leadership traits play crucial roles in increasing physicians' personal and professional development. This may also increase physicians' caregiving competencies and thus the quality of health services, as well as potentially decreasing physicians' burnout and health-related costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: One of the malaria struggle methods in Turkey was informing public and professionals by publications. The aim of this study was to assess malaria struggle works at first years of the Turkish republician era in the perspective of a book entitled 'Who Knows What About Malaria?' by Milaslı İsmail Hakkı in terms of history of medicine. Methods: Library catalogues were reviewed, the book dated 1925 was written in a plain language was transcribed from Ottoman alphabet into Latin alphabet and was reviewed. Results: Between the 1910, in which it was started to distribute quinine free of charge in Ottoman Empire, and 1926, in which Law on Malaria Warfare was introduced, at least ten books about malaria were published. Milaslı İsmail Hakkı' two book about malaria were published in 1910, and in 1925. In the second book, İsmail Hakkı introduced the steps of malaria struggle, responsibilities of the public, intellectuals -including physicians and specialists-, and the state. Conclusion: Milaslı İsmail Hakkı a physician who wrote his first medical book in the beginning of Ottoman malaria struggle and last book in the beginning of organized malaria struggle in the republican era was an important witness of the malaria struggle in Turkey. His book on question in which responsibilities of public, intellectuals including general practitioners and specialist physicians and state is significant since it emphasize a holistic approach for fighting against epidemics, using persuasive arguments considering public values, and reflects the remarkable attitude of a physician who actively participated in determination of state policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

State authorities invested in developing official expert discourses and practices to deny torture in post-1980 coup d'état Turkey. Documentation of torture was therefore crucial for the incipient human rights movement there in the 1980s. Human rights physicians used their expertise not only to treat torture victims but also to document torture and eventually found the Human Rights Foundation of Turkey (HRFT) in 1990. Drawing on an ethnographic and archival research at the HRFT, this article examines the genealogy of anti-torture struggles in Turkey and argues that locally mediated intimacies and/or hostilities between victims of state violence, human rights physicians, and official forensics reveal the limitations of certain universal humanitarian and human rights principles. It also shows that locally mediated long-term humanitarian encounters around the question of political violence challenge forensic denial of violence and remake the legitimate levels of state violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1930s Turkey, doctors frequently emphasized self-sacrifice in their public speeches through radio, talks given at various medical conventions and university lectures. This article aims to problematise this discourse through the way the doctors utilised it pragmatically to resolve certain issues that were important for their community. Two controversies will form the focus of the paper: the first concerns the employment problem of new graduates of the Faculty of Medicine. The second is the income tax controversy that took place between the doctors and government in the first half of the 1930s, during the preparations of a new tax law. In the final part of this article, I will argue that these two controversies are linked to the question of advancement of medical knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/aim: Alcohols are used in many areas like medicine and industry. They may be naturally found in some fruits and vegetables secondary to fermentation. According to the traffic law in Turkey, professional drivers are prohibited from driving while they are under the influence of alcohol; nonprofessional drivers are allowed to drive vehicles with a blood alcohol level of up to 50 mg/dL. The aim of this research is to determine whether or not consumed medicine or fermented, nonalcoholic beverages cause false positive results in breathalyzer tests. Materials and methods: In this research, we used nonalcoholic fermented foods and 6 medicines. After the use of these materials, we measured breath alcohol level at 1, 3, 5, 15, and 30 min with a breathalyzer. Results: False positive results were obtained only with Disinol and cologne. Other drugs and nutrients did not cause any false positivity in breathalyzer tests. Conclusion: At the end of the research, we observed that some substances caused false positive results, even if people did not use any alcohol. If there is any suspicion of the measured values, then measurements should be repeated. If a person cannot be sure of the reliability of the breathalyzer measurements, the person should consult other centers without losing time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Although tension-type headache (TTHA) is one of the most frequently encountered diseases in the general population, relatively few studies have been conducted on this health condition. The published data are limited on the frequency of TTHA in Turkey, and no studies to date have been initiated on the prevalence of TTHA in the city of Erzurum or the Eastern Anatolian Region. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted using in-depth interviews from 1972 individuals from city of Erzurum. TTHA was queried in patients with a history of headache, according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders diagnostic criteria, and the frequency of TTHA was investigated. Results: A total of 1972 patients were enrolled in this study. The frequency reached a peak between the ages of 40-49 years (35%), and it significantly declined after the age of 49. During an examination (palpation), cranial muscle sensitivity was detected in 33% of the patients. Conclusion: The frequency of TTHA has been identified as 22.3% in patients between the ages of 18-65. The frequency of tension type headache in the city of Erzurum was lower than that in the general population of Turkey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]