Search

It is known that gifted individuals have existed for centuries and have played important roles in the development and progress of societies. In recent years, there has been a need for education systems that provide the environment and conditions in which gifted children can express themselves easily, that can help them overcome the problems and incompatibilities they are exposed to in their formal education, and that can reveal and develop their superior talents and capacities in creativity under the guidance of teachers specialised in the education of gifted children. BILSEMs are the most systematic among the educational activities carried out in this field in Turkey. In this study, the purpose, organization, process and climate dimensions of the organizational effectiveness of Science and Art Centers that provide education to gifted children in Turkey; It is aimed to examine and evaluate according to the opinions of administrators, teachers, parents and students. In other words, it was aimed to determine the effectiveness level of Tunceli Haci Bektas Veli Science and Art Center (BILSEM) according to the perceptions of administrators, teachers, parents and students. This research is a descriptive study conducted in the scanning model. The universe of the research consists of the administrator teacher (n:9) working in BILSEM in Tunceli, the teacher-student (n:40) continuing education in BILSEM and the parents of these students (n:29) in the first semester of the 2022-2023 academic year. consists of. In addition to the demographic information form, the BILSEM Organizational Effectiveness Manager-Teacher Scale (57 items) was applied to the administrators, the BILSEM Organizational Effectiveness Student Scale (38 items) to the students, and the BILSEM Organizational Effectiveness Parent Scale (31 items) to the parents, in addition to the demographic information form. In order to carry out the research, ethics committee approval was obtained from the Munzur University Ethics Committee before starting the research. Participants included in the study were included in the study on a voluntary basis. As a result of the study, it was observed that there was a significant negative correlation between the average scores of the "BILSEM Organizational Effectiveness Manager-Teacher Scale" and the average scores of the "BILSEM Organizational Effectiveness Student Scale" and "BILSEM Organizational Effectiveness Manager-Teacher Scale" (p <0.05). It was observed that there was a negative, strong and significant relationship between the average scores of the "BILSEM Organizational Effectiveness Student Scale" and the average scores of the "BILSEM Organizational Effectiveness Parent Scale" scales (p <0.05). According to BILSEM administrators and teachers, BILSEMs are effective institutions in terms of purpose (X=3.81) and climate (X=4.50). It was observed that the least effective dimension was the process dimension (X=3.61). According to BILSEM parents, BILSEMs climate, purpose and process sub-dimensions are highly effective. The less influential dimension is the organizational dimension. According to this research, Tunceli Haci Bektas Veli Bilsem is an effective school, according to perceptions of teacher-administrator, parents and student. What needs to be done is a strong cooperation between relevant institutions and organizations and parents for higher-level effective BILSEM.

The purpose of this study was to determine which of the input and output variables made a statistically significant difference in the efficiency status of undergraduate departments offering Health Management education in Turkey, to identify areas where inefficient departments could improve, and to determine which of the input and output variables made a statistically significant difference in the efficiency status of inefficient departments. The output-oriented data envelopment analysis model was employed in the efficiency analysis. As a decision-making unit, there were 43 Health Management departments. Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyse whether or not there was a statistically significant difference between the efficiencies of the departments based on the input and output variables. In Turkey, 15 of 43 state universities providing formal undergraduate education in the field of Health Management are fully efficient. Also, there was a significant difference in terms of the "number of completed projects" and the "number of papers in journals screened within the scope of Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC)" variables. No study examining the efficiency of Health Management departments has been found in the literature. Department administrators are encouraged to increase their publications and look into ways to design more initiatives.

The efficiency of universities, which have a network structure of production process, is an essential component of performance measurement in education. However, most previous studies use traditional Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), which disregards the network structure of the production process in universities. This study adopts a two-stage Network Data Envelopment Analysis (NDEA) with shared inputs model to assess the overall, teaching and research efficiencies of Turkish research universities. The findings show that only 6 out of 23 research universities are efficient, and some universities with lower world rankings are more efficient than those with higher rankings. On the other hand, no significant difference was found between the efficiency levels of regions with a high level of socio-economic development and regions with a relatively low level of socio-economic development. The study also evaluates the effects of different priority scenarios on efficiency and the optimal allocation of shared inputs between sub-processes. This study provides guidance for universities seeking to improve their performance and for the Council of Higher Education (CHE) in determining incentives for research universities. It also promotes the use of multi-stage NDEA with shared inputs model over traditional DEA for accurate efficiency assessment in the field of education.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the nature of the scholarly literature between 2016 and 2023 on the impact of classroom technology on higher education instructors' assessment practices through the lens of the assessment design in a digital world framework (Bearman et al., 2022). Specifically, the paper focuses on (a) describing the assessment design in a digital world framework, (b) identifying the scope and breadth of the literature relating to technology-integrated assessment, and (c) highlighting any gaps between the Bearman et al. model and the literature. This paper marks an important step in extending our understanding of the factors influencing instructors who integrate technology into their assessment practice and promoting ethical and equitable approaches to technology-integrated assessment in higher education.

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) are considered learning environments that eliminate many learning barriers. Online courses in MOOCs have become an opportunity for everyone during the lockdown of the COVID-19 outbreak. However, usability issues may cause problems such as high dropout rates and lack of learner's motivation. Therefore, in this study, the usability of Coursera, one of the most known MOOCs in the world, was evaluated. The evaluation was performed with ISO 9241-11 standard. The environment's effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction were evaluated with the authentic tasks requested to be done in Coursera. Additionally, the findings were supported by eye-tracking metrics such as fixation duration, fixation counts, heat maps, and gaze plots. Twelve individuals (six females, six males) participated in the authentic tasks, and three individuals (two females, one male) participated in the eye-tracking phase. Results of the study revealed that most participants successfully performed the authentic tasks and are generally satisfied with the usability of the environment. However, considering eye-tracking findings and Coursera Usage Satisfaction Survey, some usability problems such as inadequate language support and the difficulty of using the search feature emerged. In the end, possible reasons were discussed, and the suggestions were presented for usability improvements.

The objective of this study is to determine the efficiency of psychological counselling and guidance services carried out at public schools regarding the remarks of the school administrators and students. This research was conducted in line with instant survey model which is one of the general survey models. 372 school administrators and 938 students participated in the research. The participants of the study determined via random sampling method. "School Guidance Services Scale" and "Student Scale" were used in data collection. The data obtained in the research was understood to show normal distribution. Arithmetic mean, standard deviation, independent samples t-test and ANOVA tests were used in analysis of research data. According to school administrators' remarks, psychological consultation, consultancy, individual recognition services are at good level; data collection and dissemination, orientation, monitoring, environment-parent relations, guiding and emplacement, research and evaluation services are carried out at medium level. Students receiving education in primary and secondary grades were seen to utilize from psychological counselling and guidance services than the students in high school grade. Besides, the finding that female students desire to utilize from psychological counselling and guidance services more than male students was obtained.

The profound and permanent impact of the COVID-19 pandemic caused a global closure of universities and schools by transforming physical classrooms into online/distance settings. Such a sudden shift resulted in uncertainty in the educational context. During the pandemic, the only way to sustain education was to benefit from distance education, which is defined as Emergency Distance Education. Specifically focusing on English language education in these emergency circumstances, such a distance education might be defined as Emergency Distance English Language Education (EDELE). In such a rush, both challenges and opportunities have been experienced in EDELE. Therefore, recent studies focus on how to respond to those challenges to improve the conditions of EDELE. Thus, this scoping review study aims to first identify (a) challenges experienced during EDELE, and then (b) responses for those challenges during EDELE from the perspectives of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students. Via NVivo 11 Plus, the scoped studies focusing on EFL students were inductively and thematically analysed. The results revealed the challenges during EDELE centred around five main actions: "changed," "caused," "revealed," "increased," and "decreased." Additionally, thematic analyses of the responses were organized around the implementations or recommendations by three stakeholders: "teachers," "students," and "institutions." The current study contributes to EFL settings in improving distance education circumstances.

The aim of this study is to present the general trend and direction of the research, both in terms of content and methodology, from a critical point of view by examining the studies on the efficiency of higher education in Türkiye and thus, to shed light on new research to be done and to make suggestions to researchers. Bibliographic analysis and descriptive content analysis methods were chosen in the research. Data was obtained from Web of Science, Scopus, EBSCO, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global, Google Scholar, Sobiad, National Thesis Center of the Council of Higher Education, TR Index databases. 70 studies meeting the determined criteria are included in this study. As a result of the research, it has been concluded that there is an increase in the number of research on the efficiency of higher education institutions, and the research focused on universities, data envelopment analysis is used more as an analysis method, the number of methods used is low, the most output-oriented BCC model is preferred among the efficiency measurement models, current data are not used in research, the number of units examined is low, and state universities are examined more. In addition to that, it has been concluded that the number of personnel, financial inputs, number of students, physical resources, the unit numbers represent almost the entire input set, and the outputs used in research are basically represented by four different outputs, which are students, research, project and publication, financial variables, and academic success, and the purpose of this study is directed to different problems, but the scope of the research can be improved.

The higher education efficiency evaluation model using the data envelopment analysis method has interested many researchers. This paper uses bibliometric analysis on publications extracted from the Scopus database to provide a comprehensive overview of research publications on the measurement of higher education efficiency based on data envelopment analysis: its growth rate, major collaboration networks, the most important and popular research topic. A total of 169 related publications were collected and analyzed from 1988 to 2021. The analysis results show that: Publications published every year have increased sharply in the last six years; The quality of publications is relatively high as publications tend to be published in journals with high-ranking indexes; Countries with the most influence in studies on this topic are: Italy, China, Spain, the USA, and the United Kingdom; Authors with the most influence in this research direction are Agasisti T., Abbott M., Doucouliagos C., Avkiran N.K., and Johnes J.; The research cooperation among countries and among affiliations is not strong. Finally, the paper has provided recommendations for future studies based on the findings.

This article presents a mixed method study on how to develop a participatory education management model as an alternative to the Turkish education administration system. Consisting of qualitative and quantitative methods, the mixed research method has been adopted to acquire the required data. Qualitative phase the education administration systems applied in OECD member countries, documents and reports available in the literature were evaluated. To reach wider masses, an online survey aiming at collecting the views of teachers and administrators was carried out by using the quantitative phase of the mixed method. This study has laid it bare that the principles of good governance, common sense, transparency, accountability, participation, democracy, effectiveness, efficiency, and sustainability stand forefront in educational systems that adopt the participatory education boards model. Eventually, a board/commission oriented local education administration model has been designed and developed as an alternative for the Turkish educational administration system.

This study aims to identify teachers' views regarding the Universal Design for Learning (UDL) practices. Having a phenomenological design in accordance with qualitative research paradigm, the study hosted a total of 55 teachers working in the central districts and villages of Kahramanmaras in Turkey during the academic year of 2021 and 2022. The research data were obtained using a semi-structured interview form, and descriptive and content analyzes were used during data analysis. Examining teachers' views on Universal Design for Learning (UDL), this study revealed that the majority of teachers reported positive views regarding Universal Design for Learning (UDL) practices. They also stated that UDL practices would contribute to support individual differences in education, high-level efficiency, equality of opportunities in education, addressing everyone, versatile learning, facilitating learning, ensuring permanence, facilitating access to information, increasing the quality of education, and improving self-expression skills. However, they were determined to lack the necessary knowledge and skills in this regard (teaching students with different disabilities, teaching students from different cultural backgrounds, etc.). They also concluded that their schools did not have the necessary infrastructure and equipment.

This paper is based on the reflections from a telecollaboration project between English as a foreign language (EFL) learners in Turkey and native or non-native speakers of English in the USA. The main purpose of the project was to help the participants to develop their intercultural communicative competence (ICC) via online (a)synchronous communication tools. Therefore, the participants were engaged in tasks, by which they could share their thoughts about cultural issues and expand their (inter)cultural knowledge. The findings showed that telecollaboration projects are potentially key to developing language users' ICC, helping them acquire and improve essential skills and attitudes. However, the study also showed that all the positive effects of the telecollaboration projects cannot be given to the project itself. The efficiency of such projects relies on certain dos and don'ts with which whoever will perform such projects in the future requires to be careful. This paper intends to provide precise guidance about designing telecollaboration projects together with an understanding of its constraints.

The developments and changes that have accompanied the COVID-19 pandemic have affected the educational world and all sectors. Educational institutions around the world have implemented emergency and online educational practises to ensure continuity of education as opposed to the planned distance education activities that were implemented for continuity of education. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, face-to-face classes have been held in universities across the world for about a year in many disciplines through various platforms. In this process, determining the effectiveness of distance education practises in universities for students is critical for programmes to achieve their goals. This study aims to highlight the variables and effects that influence university students' decisions regarding the efficiency of online instruction. To this end, 821 university students were surveyed. Their willingness and attachment to online education, socioeconomic level, and gender were tested using logit regression analysis to build a model that predicts university students' decision about the efficiency of online education. Age, gender, high school graduation, willingness to Online Education, and attachment to Online Education are among the variables in the logit regression model that significantly predict university students' decision about whether they consider online education to be efficient or not. When analysing the result of classifying students whether they consider online education efficient or not using the logit regression model, 291 of the 409 students in the group who consider education efficient were classified correctly and 118 of them were classified inaccurately, with the rate of correct classification being 71.1%.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the research efficiency of the research universities in Türkiye and to identify potential areas for improvement and to examine the factors affecting efficiency. Design/methodology/approach: For this purpose, data envelopment analysis was conducted with the output-oriented Banker, Charnes and Cooper (BCC) model with five-year article and citation counts data of 23 universities which were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection. Findings: The findings of the study show that only eight research universities are efficient. There are areas of development for universities to be effective. In addition, the findings of the regression analysis conducted to reveal the determinants of efficiency revealed significant results. Research limitations/implications: Research universities in Türkiye should allocate their resources in a way to increase research performance. Policies should be developed to increase the number of publications and, more importantly, the quality of publications. Originality/value: Potential areas for improvement were identified for the universities to become efficient. The results revealed that both publication quality and productivity need to be improved, but there is more room for improvement in publication quality. Regression analysis with the determinants of efficiency scores shows that the development level of the region where the universities are located has a positive effect on the research efficiency of universities. In addition, it is concluded that smaller universities have better efficiency scores.

The aim of this study was to determine how efficiently different countries, comparatively, use educational inputs, which are considered to affect information and communication technology literacy. The study was designed using the survey model. The study was conducted with data belonging to 21 countries participating in the International Computer and Information Literacy Study (ICIL) 2013. The data of this study were grouped as educational inputs and educational outputs. The educational inputs were the ratio of school size and teachers, the ratio of school size and number of computers, the ratio of school size and number of computers available for students, the ratio of school size and number of computers with access to internet/World Wide Web, and the ratio of school size and number of smartboards. The educational outputs were determined by the average student grades obtained in ICILS 2013. The data were analysed with data envelopment analysis. The research results revealed that relatively, Australia, Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador, Ontario), Denmark, Korea, and Norway were the countries with total efficiencies. It was determined that with the exception of the Czech Republic, all the countries without total efficiencies had the characteristic of increasing returns to scale. According to the projections that were put forward for countries to become totally efficient, the most reduction recommendations were received for the inputs for ratio of school size and teachers by Argentina (Buenos Aires); for ratio of school size and number of computers, ratio of school size and number of computers available for students, and ratio of school size and number of computers with access to internet/World Wide Web by Turkey; and for ratio of school size and smartboards by Thailand. That is to say, these countries were the ones least able to use these inputs efficiently.

Education is the core of the factors that improved people for a better lifestyle and increases the level of society' development. Quality education is one of the most vital goals of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) due to actualizing these factors. Using relational network data envelopment analysis (DEA), which have three interrelated substages, this current paper computes the educational economy efficiency of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries bearing in mind the characteristics related to SDGs. The contribution of our study is the use of a novel approach to computing the educational economy efficiency using relational network DEA with GAMS. Even though some interesting differences reveal in the efficiency of the countries, the findings show that countries with high-efficiency scores are clustered around countries like Latvia, Slovenia, and Korea.

The COVID-19 pandemic will not be easily forgotten as its contagious impact has penetrated education. In response to this, educational practices have moved online within various forms and terms, and Emergency Distance Education (EDE) is one of them. Within this frame, this qualitative study aimed to investigate the recommendations of 118 English Language Teaching (ELT) Department students for their teachers and for students themselves in developing four language skills--reading, writing, listening, and speaking--during EDE settings to improve the efficiency of the online courses. In doing so, Framework Method via NVivo 11 Plus was utilized. The participants' recommendations for EDE included a total of 152 comments for reading, 141 for writing, 131 for listening, and 147 for speaking skills. The participants' recommendations for four skills centered on a total of seven themes: "for teachers," "for students," "for online platforms," "for eliminating technical issues," "satisfactory," "no recommendation," and "no answer." The data analysis demonstrated that the majority of the recommendations for each skill were given for teachers under two sub-themes: "content" and "implementation." While "content" had the highest frequency for reading, writing, and listening skills, "implementation" was found to be the top concern for speaking skills. The results of the study presented valuable insights not only for ELT contexts but also for all language education settings.

The most efficient technique of scoring in volleyball is possible to be mentioned as attack. The numbers of efficient attacks performed after the 20th scores during the match are more important, and therefore this period should be managed more elaborately in terms of the technique and tactic. Therefore, it is considered that players' presenting more productive performances with the drills related to the match after the trainings will be more efficient upon winning the match. The purpose of this study was to investigate the attacks performed after the 20th scores in 2017-2018 Volleyball Sultans League session according to the nationalities and positions. The study included totally 124 female players with natives (n=86) and foreigners (n=38) from 12 teams between 26 and 30 years old (28.25±1,62). The numbers of the attacks performed after the 20th scores of 17.918 rallies in 496 sets (except from the 5th set) of 125 matches played by 12 teams during the session were evaluated. All matches were recorded with a video recorder by the researcher. The videos were analyzed by the experts in 3 repetitions. Attack errors, blocked attack, bad attacks, good attacks, numbers of attacks, coverage and totals numbers of attacks performed after the 20th scores during the match were recorded in numbers. Lilliefors Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test indicated whether the study data were appropriate for the normal distribution or not (p<0.05). In data analysis, descriptive statistics such as number, percentage, arithmetic average and standard deviation were used; and Independent Samples T-Test and One-Way Variance Analysis (One-Way ANOVA) were used for determining the difference between dependent and independent variables. Tukey HSD Post-Hoc test was performed for finding among which groups there were differences between the units in one-way variance analysis (ANOVA). While interpreting the data, 0.01 and 0.05 were accepted as the level of significance. The research data were analyzed using SPSS 21 statistical software. As result of the findings obtained in the study, it was determined that there were significant differences in whole attacks performed by the players in terms of nationalities and positions (p<0.05). In conclusion, because the 20th scores are referred the critic period called as the golden scores, foreigners and opposite spiker's that had high level conditional abilities for winning had more attacks.

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is one of the most widely used efficiency measurement techniques in the literature. In the method developed by Charnes, Cooper, and Rhodes, the relation between input(s) and output(s) is examined and relative efficiency values are obtained for many decisionmaking units. In order to be able to accurately measure the efficiency with Data Envelopment Analysis, the selection of input and output variables needs to be done carefully otherwise, the results may be misleading. For this purpose, it is aimed to make an objective selection process by using Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) in the identification of variables in the study. Via this method 17 financial ratios of 20 firms in the BIST Food Index for the period of 2013-2015 categorized into 4 groups, then each category clustered and the ratios which have the highest correlation within each cluster selected as representative indicator. Thus, 3 inputs and 2 output variables were selected so that the number of variables was reduced from 17 to 5. An input-oriented BCC model was established with selected variables to determine the efficiencies of firms in each period. The Malmquist Total Factor Productivity Index was used to analyze the productivity changes between periods. It was concluded that 7 firms were efficient in each year and the productivity of the sector increased between the periods as a result of the analysis.

The aim of this study is to define the points of view of the schools directors on administratorship CPD training course organized by local educational directorates. A mixed model was used in this study and related data was evaluated both at quantitative and qualitative dimensions. The sample group was formed by 174 participants among 567 school directors who participated to the administratorship CPD training course organized by Sanliurfa Local Educational Directorate in Bozova, Haliliye, Siverek and Viransehir districts in educational year of 2015 and 2016, and study group was formed by 149 school directors who participated the CPD training course in the same educational districts. Data was collected via a survey in quantitative dimension and by phenomenological interviewing technic in qualitative dimension. In the study, it was concluded that CPD course led the participants acquire new knowledge and skills, and have new perspective and understanding related to school management, the content of training course and qualification of the instructors were efficient enough according to the participant school managers, the CPD course was sufficient in terms of educational tools and equipment, school managers pay more attention to self-learning and find the CPD course sufficient enough in terms of self-learning opportunities, participants are concerned about the teaching methodology of the training course and they demand to have teaching methods which will depend on practical and operative activities rather than theoretical and academic information, the participants were not satisfied with the facilities supplied by the CPD organization, the timing of the CPD course was not welcomed and many participants stated their negative concern about the timing of the CPD course as it was held within educational year and as they had to manage their school simultaneously.

In this study, it was aimed to compare two distinct methodologies of grammar instruction: task-based and form-focused teaching. Within the application procedure, which lasted for one academic term, two groups of tertiary level learners (N = 53) were exposed to the same sequence of target structures, extensive writing activities and evaluation criteria. Nevertheless, these two groups differed only in the in-class teaching procedures, which were task-based in one group and formal and explicit in the other one. According to the results, the experimental group who had task-based instruction on contextual grammar outperformed the group of learners who received formal grammar instruction.

Although foreign language testing has been subject to some changes in line with the different perspectives on learning and language teaching, multiple-choice items have been considerably popular regardless of these perspectives and trends in foreign language teaching. There have been some studies focusing on the efficiency of multiple choice items in different contexts. In Turkish context multiple choice items have been commonly used as standardized stake holder tests as a requirement for undergraduate level for the departments such as English Language Teaching, Western Languages and Literatures and Translation Studies and academic progress of the students in departments. Moreover, multiple choice items have been used noticeably in all levels of language instruction. However, there hasn't been enough item analysis of multiplechoice tests in terms of item discrimination, item facility and distractor efficiency. The present study aims to analyze the multiple choice items aiming to test grammar, vocabulary and reading comprehension and administrated at a state university to preptory class students. In the study, 453 students' responses have been analyzed in terms of item facility, item discrimination and distractor efficiency by using the frequency showing the distribution of the responses of prepatory students. The study results reveal that, most of the items are at the moderate level in terms of item facility. Besides, the results show that 28% of the items have a low item discrimination value. Finally, the frequency results were analyzed in terms of distractor efficiency and it has been found that some distractors in the exam are significantly ineffective and they should be revised.

The main aim of this study is to reveal classroom teachers' personal value perceptions and the level of their efficiencies. The quantitative research method was used in the research. The target population of the research consisted of 335 classroom teachers in Kars. Multi stage sampling model was selected in order to determine the sampling in the research. First, Kars City Center and its boroughs were accepted as a layer respectively, and then layered sampling was used as a random sampling model. For the sampling, Kars City center and its boroughs in which the schools' and teachers' scale were applied was defined using random sampling model. The tools used for the data collection in the research include Teacher Personal Value Scale and Teacher Efficiency Scale. To determine personal information, personal value perception and the efficiency levels of the teachers, the percent, frequency, and arithmetic average values were defined. Also, to determine whether personal value perception and efficiency levels differed according to the personal characteristic for unrelated sampling, t-test and oneway ANOVA analysis techniques were used. Post hoc test was applied to find the differences in the result of one-way ANOVA test. The Pearson moments correlation coefficient test was done to determine the teachers' personal values and efficiency levels.

This study aims to analyze written expression revision skills of students in Turkish Education Department, Education Faculty. This study was done using qualitative research method. The study group of the research consisted of 3rd grade students. The research data were collected by means of document review, a qualitative research technique. The data in the research were analyzed descriptively; content analysis was applied to the data as well. In the obtained findings, it was observed that Turkish teacher candidates did not have adequate knowledge concerning revising part of process-based writing model, and that they did not apply this step of process-based writing efficiently in the writing process. It was seen that the students made changes respectively in word level and surface level, mostly in the revision process. While these changes pertain to punctuation and correct use of particles in the surface level, they gather around sections of adding and placing in the word level.

Mother tongue acquisition starts with words and grammar acquired spontaneously by means of communication, while at school foreign language learning takes place based on grammar. Vocabulary learning is very often neglected or rather it turns into an individual activity. The present study, which is considered to be unique on its own, is to reveal the effect of phonetic association method within the context of natural languages on efficiency and retention of vocabulary teaching. To be more concise, this is to assess the rate of learning homonymous English and French words with Turkish as well as success rate of retention of the words learned. The sample of the study consists of 6th grade students learning English at 3 junior high schools and 9th grade students learning French at 3 high schools, which are socio-economically in good-state. These grades are the first years when students start to learn foreign languages systematically. A total of 70 respondents, 21 female and 14 male 6th graders and 19 female and 16 male 9th graders, participated in the study. Structured interview method was used in this research. A phonetic association test of 25 English and 25 French words homonymous with Turkish words was developed, and it was conducted on the groups in different time zones: the rate of learning words was measured in the first week for four hours while in the second week the success rate of recalling the words was evaluated. Descriptive and content analysis were used to interpret and analyze the data. The results have suggested that those learning English were better than those learning French in learning vocabulary by means of phonetic association method and their rate of acquisition was higher while the rate of success of both groups increased in the second week compared to the first week. However, the rate of success of those learning English was found higher. Learners of English in the second week remembered more words than those learning French. These results could be related to the difficulty level of the words or the attitude of learners toward languages they were studying.

Word is one of the most important components of a natural language. Speech is meaningful because of the meanings of words. Vocabulary acquired in one's mother tongue is learned consciously in a foreign language in non-native settings. Learning vocabulary in a system based on grammar is generally neglected or learned in conventional ways. This study is to determine the efficiency of teaching vocabulary from learning speed and retention perspective through means of phonetic association, whose examples are seldom seen in educational institutions. The study's sample consists of Turkish 5th graders at three junior high schools who have just begun to learn English. Sixty-six students, 37 girls and 29 boys from three socio-economically normal state schools. Thirty three students formed the experimental group while the other 33 students constituted the control group in the empirical study. "A phonetic association vocabulary test" consisting of 25 English words, mostly verbs and nouns, was designed. This test containing English words, their pronunciation and homophonous Turkish words was administered to the experimental group, knowing that vocabulary is taught by means of phonetic association. The control group was unaware of the method, and received the conventional teaching method. The control group was given a test containing only English words. The data obtained were decrypted by descriptive and content analysis. The study's results revealed that words were learned faster and learning was retentive by the phonetic association method. In particular, recall of the words learned differentiates this method from conventional vocabulary learning methods.

While carrying out formative assessment activities over social network services (SNS), it has been noted that personalized notifications have a high chance of "the important post getting lost" in the notification feed. In order to highlight this problem, this paper compares within a posttest only quasi-experiment, a total of 104 first year undergraduate students, all of which are prospective ICT teachers, in two groups. A formative assessment system in the ubiquitous learning context is delivered over an SNS in both groups. In the first group, the SNS has been used for the entire assessment task. In the second group, the questions have been delivered and responses were received over mobile phone "SMS" messages, while the SNS was used solely for providing feedback. The cases were compared in terms of voluntary participation rates and academic success. Both response rates and academic success have been significantly higher in the SMS group. When asked their reasons for not responding to questions; the SNSonly group frequently reported "not noticing the questions being sent." This may indicate a flaw in message design for using social networks as LMS's. Sensible use of push-messages is advised.

Turkish students tend to make considerable stress placement errors when pronouncing English polysyllabic words because of the interference of the traditional word stress patterns of their mother tongue. They usually misplace stresses in their utterance, both either as a result of their native pronunciation habits or their lack of stress-placing knowledge in the target language. Experience has clearly shown that one of the most visible areas of weakness in Turkish students learning English is stress placement. This is the main problem to be explored and resolved in this research with an "algorithm of suffixes". The learners of English in Turkey are very much in need of practising such algorithm listings and going through electronic dictionaries. The study patterns or algorithms in this research involve in at least four-syllabled words with one prominent primarily stressed syllable. Students are first given a pretest to see how they naturally fare in English rhythm to expose their wrongly-misplaced stress patterns, their stress mobility concept and their fossilized erratic stressing habits. In the pretest, 25 questions are downloaded via the audacity program given to them within 5 second-intervals three times by the computer. Those freshmen non-initiated to the English stress patterns clearly present in this test a total lack of English stress pattern marked by a general irregularity in their utterance. Then they are briefed on general characteristics of English stress pattern of such polysyllabic words based on their grammatical category within an algorithm of some general suffix patterns. After a 3 hour intensive stress placement drill, a post-test of fresh 25 words is administrated to them. This post-test determines the rate of students' improvement in their pronunciation and proves the efficiency of the algorithm of suffixes introduced.

The concept of self-efficacy, which is an important variable in the teaching process, and how it reflects on teaching have recently been the focus of attention. Therefore, this study deals with the relationship between the science-teaching self-efficacy beliefs of prospective science teachers and their teaching practices. It was conducted with four prospective science teachers who were in their final year at a state university. The teaching processes of prospective science teachers, all of whom had different levels of science teaching self-efficacy beliefs, were detected using the case study, a qualitative research method. Observations, interviews, and documents were used as data collection tools. The obtained data were analyzed through the method of content analysis. According to the findings, although the prospective science teachers were observed to have different levels of self-efficacy belief, they agreed that the student-centered approach was more suitable for students, especially in terms of the teaching process. However, they reflected this differently in their practices. Contrary to expectation, it was generally confirmed that teachers with high-levels of self-efficacy might perform their teaching practices less efficiently in some situations, while teachers with low-level of self-efficacy might perform their teaching practices more efficiently.

This study was carried out to determine high school students' perceptions of the courses of Physics and the factors influential on their perceptions with respect to gender. The research sample included 154 high school students (F:78; M:76). In the study, as the data collection tool, a structured interview form was used. The data collected in the study were analyzed with frequency analysis, Chi-square and content analysis. As a result of the study, it was found that the male students were found themselves more successful in the courses of physics and that they experienced less difficulty with the courses. It was also revealed that there were no differences between female and male students' views related to physics entertaining, importance and permanency yet difficult in terms of mathematical calculations. In general, the students had bias regarding physics and stated that the current course of physics was not efficient and that interactive and practical methods should be put into practice. According to the results, the male students demonstrated more positive attitudes than the female students. In the light of the findings obtained, it could be stated that current high school applications in the courses of physics should be revised by authorities.

When teachers organize planned and systematical out-of-school learning activities, students can understand the abstract and complex terms and topics better and therefore meaningful and deeper learning can occur. Within this context this study aims to develop a valid and reliable scale to determine the attitudes, behaviors, efficiency and competence of the teachers while teaching science on using the out-of-school learning environments supporting the in-class educational activities. The scale was administered to 520 teachers to evaluate the validity and reliability. An expert opinion was asked for the face and content validity of the scale and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were made for the construct validity. The results of the EFA displayed that the scale includes 24 items under 4 different factors. After the EFA, CFA was made to verify the structures of the scale. The fit indexes obtained from CFA were acceptable. Therefore, it was inferred that the items of the scale were in accordance with the related models. Besides, the Cronbach's Alpha coefficient was calculated as 0.89. The analyses and obtained values revealed that the scale is valid and reliable.

Different generations are constituted depending on social changes and they are designed sociologically as traditional, baby boomer, X, Y and Z. Many studies have been reported on understanding of foreign language learning generation Y. This study aims to realise the gap in and contribute to the research on language learning understanding of generation Y born between 1980 and 1999 and studying at the university. The participants of the study consist of students in the department of foreign languages at Atatürk University. 85 randomly selected respondents were conducted a survey consisting of 9 close-ended questions based on Stern and Rubin foreign language learning profile. The data collected were analyzed by SPSS 15.0 program and the results were explicated by means of descriptive analysis. Cronbach Alpha coefficient was found 0,822 for the items in the questionnaire. The results offer that generation Y shows positive distinction in know-how and ability to learn, conversely that they have difficulties in learning and skills at verbal expression and comprehension. The findings showed that a generation Y shows a profile self-confident, tolerant, open to experiences, efficient in solving problems and able to act independently in foreign language learning. Although enthusiastic to communicate in a foreign language, the generation has difficulties in speaking language.

The purpose of this study is to determine the efficiency of the seminar periods intended for contributing to the professional development of social studies teachers based on their own perspectives. This study adopts a qualitative approach and is carried out in the form of a case study. Among the purposeful sampling methods, the criteria sample method was used in the study. The sampling consisted of six social studies teachers in Sivas: three males and three females. In the research, semi-structured interview form was used as a data collection tool. As a result of the analysis conducted in the study, two main themes were identified: 1) findings regarding the seminar period and the activities conducted during that period, and 2) findings regarding the factor of efficiency of the seminar period. Based on the study results, seminar periods are found to be unfruitful for social studies teachers.

Problem Statement: Drafting course is essential for students in the design disciplines for becoming more organized and for complying with standards in the educational system. Drafting knowledge is crucial, both for comprehension of the issues and for the implementation phase. In any design project, drafting performance and success are as important as the design process, especially in the educational environments aimed at professional life. However, there have been relatively any studies undertaken in the area of the success and time saving of the conventional drafting and computer-aided drafting (CAD) techniques, besides the design process, especially for furniture and interior design educations. In this direction, some questions emerge in the study. Is there really a difference on quality, success and drafting time between conventional drafting and CAD techniques in interior drafting field? If there is a difference, at which time or process does the drafting technique gain speed? Purpose of study: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of conventional and computer-aided drafting (CAD) techniques on drafting performances of design students. Furthermore, it was explored which technique was more time, speed and quality-efficient. Methods: To verify this study, students were asked to draw a sample of a two-dimensional technical drawing with an interior plan by using the conventional and CAD techniques at different times within a 60-minute period. The task was designed to ensure that the students understood the principles of technical drawing and could edit sufficiently to draft the plan. Findings and Results: According to the results, it can be stated that there was no meaningful difference between the decision-making process for choosing the drawing method and perceiving the drawing was made by the students with both methods in the first 5 minutes. The difference in quality may be due to the advantages of the CAD technique at the 30th minute. At the end of the 60th minute, a huge difference was observed between the conventional and CAD and the CAD was more successful than the conventional drafting. Consequently, the CAD technique has a better outcome from the aspect of time and quality compared to the conventional technique. Conclusions and Recommendations: It can be stated that CAD has a significant impact on the drafting performances of design students from the aspect of time spent. The furniture and interior design departments should place emphasis on the educational process for the drafting technique in order to increase quality and save time. The drafting course hours should be increased for the design students, so that drafting success can become more efficient for those entering in the professional area.

The purpose of this research is to provide an overview of adult literacy within the framework of lifelong learning in Turkey. Triangulation technique is applied with the approach of qualitative research, and within this framework, document review, interviews and observations were made. The research was carried out in a workgroup. These working groups were composed of teachers and trainees in the course of adult literacy organized by the General Directorate Lifelong Learning within Ministry of Education in Turkey. The course is regulated by means of the Directorate of Public Education Center within Melikgazi district of Kayseri. Analysis of the data content analysis technique was used. According to the results, trainees show an intense interest in the courses with different purposes. According to the trainees, this kind of activity brings significant changes in their social lives. Adults underline the importance of these courses in terms of active citizenship.

The basic objective of this study is to examine whether there is a relationship between spiritual leadership, school culture, and academic success. The data were collected by mixed method from teachers working in seven high schools and five achievement low level high schools in Sanliurfa in 2018. The data obtained from the teachers were analyzed using quantitative and qualitative methods. The conducted analyses revealed two important results. First, it can be claimed that as spiritual leadership perception of teachers increase, so does their school culture perception. The second result is the impact of both spiritual leadership and school culture on academic success. Therefore, the impact of spiritual leadership and school culture on two variables (high success, low success) has been examined separately. As the spiritual leadership and school culture perception of teachers increase, so does academic success.

It has been essential to make use of technology in education as a result of the improvements in information and communication technology in the 21st century. Teachers, who are the organizers and the developers of learning environments, need to have a high level of consciousness with regard to digital competence. Thus, students can acquire digital competence only if teachers do it first. The aim of this study is to analyse the digital competence of teacher candidates in terms of different variables. The study group consisted of 200 teacher candidates who study at different departments of Ahmet Kelesoglu Faculty of Education, Necmettin Erbakan University. Screening model was used as the research method in the present study. As data collection tools, a personal data form which was developed by researchers and by which the demographic characteristics of the study group students were obtained, and "The Digital Competence Scale" which was developed by Akkoyunlu, Yilmaz Soylu & Caglar (2010) were used. The scale is 7 Likert type, 45 item and of four dimensions. Cronbach Alpha coefficients were calculated for the results of the scale reliability; and they were 0.86 throughout the scale, 0.94 in the first sub-dimension (Awareness), 0.84 in the second sub-dimension (Motivation), 0.78 in the third sub-dimension (Technical Access) and 0.81 in the fourth sub-dimension (Competence). The computer-aided statistical packaged program, SPSS was used in order to analyse the data collected, and the present study benefited from descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way analysis of variance and correlation methods. The study concluded that-- when the digital competence of teacher candidates assessed in terms of gender in sub-dimensions of the scale--the digital competence awareness and the technical access levels of both male and female teacher candidates were high, however, their digital competence and motivation levels were close to low. Also, it has been revealed that overall average scores of teacher candidates from different branches differed significantly. Teacher candidates also differed significantly in having Internet and computers.

In this research, an E-learning environment is developed for the teacher candidates taking the course on Scientific Research Methods. The course contents were adapted to one of the constructivist approach models referred to as 5E, and an expert opinion was received for the compliance of this model. An usability analysis was also performed to determine the usability of the e-learning environment. The participants of the research comprised 42 teacher candidates. The mixed method was used in the research. 3 different data collection tools were used in order to measure the three basic concepts of usability analyses, which are the dimensions of effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction. Two of the data collection tools were the scales developed by different researchers and were applied with the approval received from the researchers involved. On the other hand, the usability test as another data tool was prepared by the researchers who conducted this study for the purpose of determining the participants' success in handling the twelve tasks assigned to them with respect to the use of e-learning environment, the seconds they spent on that environment and the number of clicks they performed. Considering the results of the analyses performed within the data obtained, the usability of the developed e-learning environment proved to be at a higher rate.

The aim of the current study was to compare simultaneous prompting (SP) and constant time delay (CTD) in terms of their effectiveness and efficiency in teaching children with autism how to respond to questions about personal information. The adapted alternating treatments model was used in the study. Three male students with autism aged 4, 6, and 9, respectively, were included in the study. The findings of the study did not indicate any significant difference in two students with respect to the effectiveness of SP and CTD procedures. On the other hand, SP was observed to create more positive results and lead to a higher level of learning for the third participant. According to the findings, SP was more effective for one participant with respect to all the parameters studied. While SP was more efficient in the other two subjects in terms of incorrect responses, the difference regarding the instructional time to criterion for these two subjects was at a minimal level in favor of SP.

This research aims to identify how teaching efficacy is perceived by teachers working at state schools. Having a survey model design, this study hosts a total of 678 primary and secondary school teachers--401 females and 277 males--working in the province of Tokat during the academic year of 2013 and 2014. Research data has been collected through teaching efficacy scale consisting of 28 items and 6 sub-dimensions. Analyses have revealed that teachers mostly regard themselves as efficient especially in class management dimension. On the contrary, the dimension that participating teachers feel the least efficient has been determined to be instructional methods/strategies. Significant differences have been noted among teachers' perception concerning teaching efficacy across different variables such as the faculty they graduated, gender, course match, in-service training, branch, and seniority.

The effect of simulation-based probability teaching on the prospective teachers' inference skills has been examined with this research. In line with this purpose, it has been aimed to examine the design, implementation and efficiency of a learning environment for experimental probability. Activities were built on modeling, simulation and the expansion of the basic inference logic suggested by Cobb [4]. The quasi-experimental research method was used in the study. The study was conducted with 55 prospective teachers who attended the statistics classes in Bülent Ecevit University, Faculty of Education. A test with 5 open-end questions was developed with regard to the experimental probability in order to assess the efficiency of the designed learning environment in the study, and it was applied as pre- and posttests. The obtained data were supported by semi-structured interviews and observations. The efficiency of the simulation-based learning was determined through the comparison of the answers given by prospective teachers using papers and pencils and the answers given by means of simulations. The findings showed that simulation-based probability teaching increased the prediction and related inference skills of the prospective teachers and generally influenced the success of the students in a positive way.

With this study, to have a general understanding of academic needs for the development of speaking skill, the needs of preparatory class university students at an English Language Teaching Department were assessed. Based upon a descriptive research design, an adapted questionnaire with open-ended questions was administered to the 2nd, 3rd and 4th class ELT students as well as ELT graduates to define their academic needs in speaking courses. The data were analysed by using SPSS, a Statistical Programme for Social Sciences. At the end of the study, it was found out that (1) there should be more aiding materials for speaking courses, and (2) more authentic and interesting activities should be put into practice.

This research aimed to determine the relative efficiency of the types of school common to three administrations of the PISA (2003-2006-2009) by comparing their results, along with the activities that are to be performed for inefficient school types and changes in the efficiency value of the school types by year. The comparative analysis was based on information obtained from student questionnaires and cognitive skills tests. Turkish students completing the PISA in 2003, 2006, and 2009 comprised the population of the survey-based study. In the study, the data obtained from the PISA tests were analyzed using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The results of the study indicated that the differences in quality among high schools are still prominent. The low economic, social, and cultural index of the elementary-school-level students, and vocational high school students' inability to allocate sufficient time for study outside of school hindered these schools' efficiency, as shown in the three administrations of the PISA. Consequently, student achievement was found to vary by year, and variables to be increased or decreased for improved student success have been identified.

The purpose of this study is to examine the efficiency of "Educational Club Practices" that has been in Elementary School program since 2005-2006, by examining the attitudes of students about "Educational Club Practices". Sample was selected in two steps. First, stratified sampling was employed and then random sampling was employed. A total of 941 students were included in this study. For the data collection, an instrument consisting of 30 items was developed by the researchers. The data obtained from study were analyzed according to school location, type of education, grade level and gender. The results indicate that students' attitudes towards educational club practices differ in terms of students' school location, grade level, and type of education. However, there isn't significant difference between male and female students in terms of attitudes towards educational club practices. As a result, overall satisfaction of students with the educational club practices is found low.

Purpose: This research aims to investigate and define the eight wastes of lean philosophy in higher education institutions (HEIs) by proposing a multi-stage model. Design/methodology/approach: The authors have used a specific multi-criteria decision-making method, fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory, to investigate the cause-effect relationships and importance order between criteria for wastes in HEIs. In total, 22 criteria were categorized under eight wastes of lean. The study was implemented in a business school with the participation of faculty members from different departments. Findings: The results showed that the most important wastes in the business school selected were repeated tasks, unnecessary bureaucracy, errors because of misunderstanding/communication problems, excessive number of academic units and creation of an excessive amount of information. Another important result was that all the sub-wastes of talent were in the causes group, while motion and transportation wastes were in the effect group. Practical implications: A road map to guide lean transformation for HEIs is proposed with a multi-stage model and potential areas for improvement in HEIs were presented. Originality/value: This study proposes a multi-stage structure by applying multi-criteria decision-making to HEIs, focussing on wastes from a lean perspective.

This study was undertaken with an aim to understand whether the effective use of the blackboard, one of the teaching aids utilized by Anadolu University's distance learning program in the e-television Open Classroom, has a positive effect on focus and concentration. Gagne's Theory of Instruction was utilized during this research. Knowledge of the efficient use of the blackboard and the efficient viewing on the television screen is required. The results of the research show that the frequency of use of blackboards in the Open Classroom is low. It has been determined that information that could be written on the board is instead spoken by the television teacher. The 3-8 seconds of silence required for thought while writing on the blackboard is to a large extent achieved. The information written on the blackboard was found to be partially legible. This shows that the blackboard is not being efficiently utilized during teaching. When it comes to whether off-topic writing on the board is the cause of a distraction, it was found that a distraction was caused even though the information on the board was not used. When the board was erased to continue with another subject, it was found that the board was generally not erased entirely. The legibility of the writing written over the partially erased board was found to be insufficient and therefore showed that the blackboard was not being used efficiently. (Contains 7 figures.)

This study examined teacher's views on the potential use of online in-service education and training (INSET) activities. The study used a qualitative approach. A total of 13 in-service teachers from primary school, vocational school, science and art center, high school in Trabzon (on the Black Sea coast of Turkey) participated in the study. To determine opinions of participants about the potential use of online INSET activities, a online conference was held to determine teachers' views. The participants who had experienced traditional and face to face INSET courses discussed their INSET experiences and thoughts about online INSET activities. These views were transcribed and then analyzed using content analysis. The main conclusions are: with online INSET activities, especially time and place dependency can be overcome, and accommodation and transportation issues can be resolved. Teachers feel that online INSET activities can promote effective use of resources. (Contains 4 tables.)

Time delay (TD) procedure is an effective procedure in teaching various skills to children with developmental disabilities. Moreover, research has shown that it is used with high treatment integrity (HTI). However, there are several barriers which may prevent delivery instruction with HTI. Therefore, this study was designed to compare the effectiveness and efficiency of TD instruction with HTI and low treatment integrity (LTI) in teaching object naming to children with autism. LTI was defined as not delivering prompt in 30% of all teaching trials. An adapted alternating treatments design was used in the study. Three 5 to 6 year old male students participated in the study. Results showed that all three children learned their target behaviors on the criterion level with both conditions. Mixed findings were obtained for the efficiency of instruction. Based upon evaluation of the findings, recommendations for practitioners are provided and future research needs are discussed.

Not every learning management system has the same functions and the same characteristics; what is important is to choose the best one available for the students. Purpose of this study is to find out Education Students perspectives about the Edu 2.0 system. For this purpose, "Undergraduate students (n=51) and Graduate students (N=9) evaluated the learning management system Edu 2.0. Their result was that the system is "good" for courses delivered in English; however it is not so efficient for Turkish courses."