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Background: Knowledge of root and canal morphology is a prerequisite for effective nonsurgical and surgical endodontic treatments. The aim of this cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) study was to evaluate the root canal morphology of permanent canines in a Turkish subpopulation using two classification systems. Methods: A total of 2,000 canine teeth were examined. The number of roots was identified, and root canal configurations were classified according to Vertucci's classification and a new system for classifying root and canal morphology. Fisher's exact test was used for statistical analysis, and the level of significance was set at 0.05 (p = 0.05). Results: The canal configuration type I was the most common in all canines, while type III was the second most common. According to the new system, the code 1C1−1 was the most common, whilst 1C1 (A1) codes were the second most common for all canines. In this study, more than 10% morphology that did not fit the Vertucci classification was detected. In the categorization of accessory canals based on the new classification, the most common type in all canines was 1C1,1 (A1). Age had an effect only on the morphology of the left maxillary canine (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Canines in the Turkish subpopulation showed a relatively high degree of variation in root and canal anatomical variations. Clinicians should be aware of where canals converge or diverge to avoid missing canals. The new system for classifying canal morphology describes root and canal configurations more accurately and practically compared to the Vertucci classification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of this study is to analyze the demographic characteristics of patients who underwent dental implant surgery and various features of the implants applied, in a private clinic fromJanuary 2019 to June 2022 in Turkey by descriptivemethods. Materials and Methods: The files of the patients who were operated were analyzed. Gender, age, type of edentulousness, implant brands used and various characteristics of the patients were recorded. The obtained data were evaluated with descriptive statistical analysis. Results: Total of 90 patients, 39 (43.34%) male and 51 (56.66%) female, were included in the study. It was determined that implant treatment wasmost prevalent between 39-48 years of age which constituted 30% (n=27) of the patients included in the study. Of the 247 implants applied, 139 (56.27%) were placed on the right side (1st and 4th regions), and 108 (43.72%) were placed on the left side (2nd and 3rd regions). When examined according to the jaws they were applied to, 137 (55.46%) of them were applied to the mandible and 110 (44.53%) of them were applied to the maxilla. Of these implants, 44 (17.81%) were in the anterior position (incisors and canine teeth region), and 203 (82.18%) were in the posterior position (1st premolar and beyond). Conclusions: Dental implants can be easily applied to every individual in line with the appropriate indication. The findings in this article will help operators to choose the suitable indication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper addresses the study of new fossils of the extinct lutrine Lartetictis Ginsburg & Morales, 1996 from the early middle Miocene of Göriach (Austria, late MN5-early MN6) and from the hominoid locality of Paşalar (Turkey, late MN5). The mandibular material of Lartetictis from Göriach is described and assigned to the type species, Lartetictis dubia. The mandibular and dental specimens from Paşalar proceed from the digging seasons 1983–2018, and constitute one of the larger samples of Lartetictis, enabling us to erect the species Lartetictis pasalarensis sp. nov. Its large size and features that are more derived than those of the Central European L. dubia characterises this new Turkish species. Among other features, L. pasalarensis shows a relatively low and broader P4 protocone, a larger distolingual expansion of the M1 lingual platform, higher cuspids of the m1 and a more trenchant m1 talonid. This new taxon represents the first datum of Lartetictis in Turkey as well as the easternmost record of the genus. Careful comparison between Lartetictis and other extinct otters from the middle Miocene, including Paralutra in Europe, Siamogale in Asia and Mionictis in North America, suggests a closer relationship with the latter group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to figure out the characteristics and occurrence of talon cusps in a sample of Turkish population. Methods: In this retrospective study, talon cusps in permanent dentition were evaluated on radiographs and intraoral photographs which were obtained from patients who were referred to Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey between January 2013 and January 2014. Results: Talon cusps were observed in 365 of 4116 patients, with a frequency of 8.86 %. There were 208 (57 %) females and 157 (43 %) males with this variation. Maxillary canines were the most affected anterior teeth (40.83 %), followed by lateral incisors (39.60 %) and central incisors (19.55 %). Of the patients, 81 (22.19 %) had type I talon cusp with two periapical pathologies, 114 (31.23 %) had type II talon cusp with four periapical pathologies and 226 (61.91 %) had type III talon cusp with also four periapical pathologies. Conclusions: The occurrence of talon cusps was higher than other studies reported in the literature, with an exception of the study in Alaskan Eskimos. The most commonly detected type of talon cusp was type III (61.91 %), and dens invaginatus was the most frequent variation observed with talon cusps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this case report is to discuss the four-year follow-up of a transalveolar transplantation of an impacted immature permanent mandibular left canine. A nine year-old-boy was referred to the dental school because of a mandibular swelling associated with the impacted canine. Under local anesthesia, the tooth was extracted and transplanted in its own space, followed by a two-week orthodontic fixation. The radiographic examination two months later revealed the presence of external inflammatory root resorption, which was treated with an apexification. The overall status of the transplanted tooth and the surrounding hard and soft tissues four years post-treatment indicates a successful outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study was designed to test the applicability of Kvaal’s method on digital orthopantomographs and to develop a new formula measuring pulp/tooth area ratio from periapical X-rays in a group of individuals living in Central Anatolia. Orthopantomographs and periapical X-rays of 114 patients aged between 17–72 years were selected. According to reported technique, three mandibular teeth were evaluated in each orthopantomogram with Kvaal’s method. Additionally, the pulp/tooth area ratio was measured on periapical X-rays of maxillary canine. Correlations between real age and morphological variables were calculated for all teeth using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Kvaal’s method on digital panoramic radiographs gave acceptable results (standard deviation, SD = 5.9 to 7.9 years) that were close to the original. In addition, regression equations were developed to estimate age from morphological variables and the best results were achieved using the regression equation for the maxillary canine with a pulp/tooth area ratio (standard error of estimate, SEE = ±6.75; coefficient of determinationR2= 0.67). There was no significant difference between observed and estimated age for age groups and gender based on the established regression equations. With this particular study group, the equations presented in the study gave more accurate results than Kvaal’s original equations and may be considered more suitable for a Turkish population. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Background/purpose: The aims of this study were to determine the frequency and distribution of developmental anomalies in the permanent teeth of a Turkish orthodontic patient population and determine the relationships between gender and dental anomalies. Materials and methods: A retrospective study was performed using pretreatment dental casts, panoramic radiographs, and intraoral photographs of 3165 Turkish orthodontic patients (1940 females and 1225 males) aged 9-25 years. These patients were analyzed for evidence of four types of developmental anomalies (tooth form, number, position, and structural dental anomalies). Descriptive characteristics of these dental anomalies, including gender, jaws, and sides of the jaw were recorded. The Pearson χ² test was used for the statistical analysis. Results: In 452 (14.3%) of 3165 orthodontic patients, at least one permanent teeth anomaly was detected. Developmental dental anomalies were found in 15.05% of females compared with 13.06% of mares. Impacted teeth were the most frequent dental anomaly (4.55%), followed by hypodontia (4.30%), peg-shaped lateral incisors (2.15%), ectopic eruption (1.52%), and hyperdontia (1.30%). Peg-shaped lateral incisors, hypodontia, oligodontia, transposition, transmigrant canines, ectopic eruption of canines, impacted teeth, and amelogenesis imperfecta were more common in females, whereas macrodontia and hyperdontia were more common in males. However, these differences were not statistically significant except for hypodontia and hyperdontia. Conclusion: The prevalence of developmental dental anomalies was higher in females than males. Impacted teeth were the most common developmental dental anomaly in this Turkish orthodontic population, followed by hypodontia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of transmigrant canines in a Turkish subpopulation. The incidences of impacted maxillary and mandibular canines were also determined. Methods: This retrospective study determined canine impaction and transmigration incidences by examining 12,000 panoramic radiographs and clinical records belonging to patients treated between January 2005 and December 2009 at the Department of Oral Diagnosis and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey. The number and location of canine impactions and transmigrations, sex and age of the patients, presence of retained deciduous canines, and associated pathologies and dental anomalies were recorded. Results: This study found a 4.51% incidence of canine impaction. Among the 12,000 patients with panoramic radiographs, 13 (0.1%) had transmigrated canines, including 5 females (aged 17-46 years) and 8 males (aged 15-42 years). Only one transmigrated canine was maxillary, while 12 were mandibular. All transmigrated canines were unilateral and impacted. Ten canines migrated from the right to the left side, and three migrated from the left to the right. Conclusion: Radiographic examination is necessary to diagnose impacted transmigrant canines, among other anomalies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of transmigrated maxillary and mandibular canine teeth and also of the other impacted teeth in a Turkish subpopulation.Five thousand consecutive panoramic radiographs taken of patients who attended the Department of Oral Diagnosis and Radiology, Selcuk University, for routine examination between 2005 and 2007 were examined to identify incidences of transmigrated and impacted teeth. Demographic information of all patients was also recorded. Transmigrations were categorized according to the classification of Mupparapu. The effect of age, gender, and sidedness (left or right side) on the recorded abnormality was evaluated using a t-test.The incidence of transmigrated upper and lower canine teeth was found to be 0.34 per cent [17 patients, 12 females/5 males, with a mean age of 34 years (range 16–76 years)] and 0.14 per cent [7 patients, 4 females/3 males, with a mean age of 37.1 years (range 17–62 years)]. The incidence of tooth impaction was 2.94 per cent [147 patients, 101 females/46 males, with a mean age of 29.7 years (range 15–80 years)]. The most frequently impacted tooth was the upper canine followed by the lower canine, lower second premolar, and upper second premolar. No incidence of maxillary first molar impaction was found. Gender and sidedness did not show a statistical significance on the recorded abnormality (P = 0.22 and P = 0.48, respectively). However, in the 15–29 year age group, this was statistically different (P < 0.05).The incidence of transmigration of impacted mandibular canine teeth was greater than other teeth. With the increased use of panoramic radiographs, it is inevitable that diagnosis of such anomalies will increase. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This study was based on 57 beech marten (Martes foina) specimens collected in Turkey between 1994 and 1998. The specimens were divided into 3 age classes as young, juvenile, and adult on the basis of the morphology of the sagittal and lambdoidal crests, and temporal ridges, relative lengths of the interorbital and postorbital constrictions, the degree of wear in molar and canine teeth, baculum weight and structure, pelage color, cranial and bacular measurements, and field notes concerning sexual maturity and lactation. Young, juvenile and adult specimens were readily identified by the shape of the temporal ridges on the skull. These ridges are formed by the origination of the temporalis muscles on the parietal bones and are parallel in the youngs, U- or V-shaped in juveniles, and Y-shaped in adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between occlusal factors (overjet, overbite, Angle's Classification of molars and cuspids, the relationship of the primary molars, openbite, lateral openbite, scissorbite and crossbite) and bruxism in permanent and mixed dentition in Turkish children. For this reason 182 children with mixed dentition and 212 children with permanenth dentition were included in this study. Occlusal conditions were examined clinically and bruxism was assesed by using interview and questionnaires. Z Test was used to compare the results. It was found that in both dentition some occlusal factors related with bruxism (overjet > 6 mm, overbite > 5 mm, negative overjet, openbite in permanent dentition; overjet > 6 mm, overbite > 5 mm, scissorbite, anterior-posterior multiple teeth crossbite, Angle Class I occlusion in mixed dentition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to assess the need for orthodontic treatment in a Turkish school population and a group of population referred for orthodontic treatment. The study groups were 250 school children, 11-14 years of age, and 250 patients, 11-14 years of age, referred to the department of orthodontics. The Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) was used by two examiner in order to estimate the treatment need. The differences between the IOTN values for the boys and girls were also not statistically significant in both groups. When the dental health component of IOTN is considered, 38·8 per cent of Turkish school population showed great need treatment, 24·0 per cent moderate need treatment and slight or no need was 37·2 per cent. On the other hand, the referred population represented an 83·2 per cent great need treatment, 12·0 per cent moderate need treatment, 4·8 per cent no need treatment according to the DHC. The AC of IOTN in school population resulted in 4·8 per cent great need, 4·8 per cent moderate need, 90·4 per cent no need. These percentage were 36·8 per cent great need, 17·6 per cent moderate need, 45·2 per cent no need in referred population. Grade 8 was 28·8 per cent out of the 36·8 per cent great need percentage in referred population. Therefore, it can be concluded that the ectopic canines were the driving factor for the referred population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The objective of this study was to analyze gender-stratified data of patients who underwent day surgery in a hospital based on the type of treatment, type of local anaesthesia, and local anaesthesia complications. By learning all these parameters, it is our main goal to find answers to questions such as what we can do in hospital conditions, what we can win, and what operations we can treat. Methods: A retrospective review was performed to assess hospital records of 10,750 dental patients who received oral surgery under local anaesthesia at the Istanbul University Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery from August 2013 through June 2016. Results: Patients mostly received surgery for wisdom teeth, dental implants, or odontogenic cysts or tumours. Men aged 31–40 years (23.66%) and women aged 21–30 years (30.73%) were the largest groups undergoing operations. Surgery for an impacted tooth was the most common ambulatory procedure, accounting for 54.2% of operations. The second most common ambulatory procedure was dental implant surgery (10.2%), followed by root (7.4%), odontogenic cyst (7.2%), and impacted canine surgeries (6.4%). The most common age group receiving surgery was 21–30 years old (3304 patients, 60.75%). Twice as many women as men underwent surgery. Conclusions: Day case surgery is an expanding area of health care and a valuable method of treating patients in many aspects of oral surgical practice. Different medical and dental specialties can benefit from this ambulatory approach to treatment, which also reduces treatment costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]